CN107175419A - A kind of five grid photovoltaic cell series welding devices - Google Patents
A kind of five grid photovoltaic cell series welding devices Download PDFInfo
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- CN107175419A CN107175419A CN201710431217.1A CN201710431217A CN107175419A CN 107175419 A CN107175419 A CN 107175419A CN 201710431217 A CN201710431217 A CN 201710431217A CN 107175419 A CN107175419 A CN 107175419A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/047—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work moving work to adjust its position between soldering, welding or cutting steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种五栅光伏电池片串焊设备,包括转盘式供料机构、用于移料的机械手机构、用于对光伏电池板进行预热和定位的中转平台、用于对焊带进行放卷的放卷机构、用于拖拽焊带的拉带机构、用于对焊带涂覆助焊剂的助焊机构、用于切断焊带的焊带切断机构、用于焊接光伏电池板的焊接机构、用于对焊接后的光伏电池板进行送料的送料机构、用于取出光伏电池板的取料机构以及收集平台。
The invention discloses a five-grid photovoltaic cell string welding equipment, which includes a turntable feeding mechanism, a manipulator mechanism for transferring materials, a transfer platform for preheating and positioning photovoltaic cell panels, and a welding strip for The unwinding mechanism for unwinding, the pulling mechanism for dragging the ribbon, the fluxing mechanism for coating flux on the ribbon, the ribbon cutting mechanism for cutting the ribbon, and the ribbon cutting mechanism for welding photovoltaic panels The welding mechanism, the feeding mechanism for feeding the welded photovoltaic panels, the reclaiming mechanism for taking out the photovoltaic panels and the collection platform.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光伏串焊设备技术领域,尤其涉及一种五栅光伏电池片串焊设备。The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic stringer welding equipment, in particular to a five-grid photovoltaic cell stringer welding equipment.
背景技术Background technique
着光伏技术的不断进步,光伏电池片的应用也越来越普及,为了满足市场日益发展的需求,目前已开始出现五栅的光伏电池片以取代原有的三栅及四栅光伏电池片。现有的生产设备自动化程度不高,可调节性也较差,难以满足五栅光伏电池片以及多种规格光伏电池片的生产需求。With the continuous progress of photovoltaic technology, the application of photovoltaic cells is becoming more and more popular. In order to meet the growing needs of the market, five-grid photovoltaic cells have begun to appear to replace the original three-grid and four-grid photovoltaic cells. The existing production equipment has a low degree of automation and poor adjustability, and it is difficult to meet the production needs of five-grid photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic cells of various specifications.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种结构新颖、自动化程度高、可调节性强的五栅光伏电池片串焊设备。The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a five-grid photovoltaic cell serial welding equipment with novel structure, high degree of automation and strong adjustability.
为了实现以上目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
一种五栅光伏电池片串焊设备,包括转盘式供料机构、用于移料的机械手机构、用于对光伏电池板进行预热和定位的中转平台、用于对焊带进行放卷的放卷机构、用于拖拽焊带的拉带机构、用于对焊带涂覆助焊剂的助焊机构、用于切断焊带的焊带切断机构、用于焊接光伏电池板的焊接机构、用于对焊接后的光伏电池板进行送料的送料机构、用于取出光伏电池板的取料机构以及收集平台;其中所述的转盘式供料机构、中转平台和焊接机构沿同一直线等间距布置,所述的机械手机构包括机械手支架,沿转盘式供料机构、中转平台以及焊接机构排列方向延伸的机械手横移导轨,滑动连接于机械手横移导轨上的两个升降机械手,带动升降机械手横移的传动螺杆和带动传动螺杆旋转的机械手横移电机;其中所述的升降机械手包括机械手主体、带动机械手主体升降的机械手升降气缸以及设置于机械手主体下表面的真空吸盘,两升降机械手之间的间距等于转盘式供料机构、中转平台和焊接机构之间的间距。A five-grid photovoltaic cell string welding equipment, including a turntable feeding mechanism, a manipulator mechanism for transferring materials, a transfer platform for preheating and positioning photovoltaic cell panels, and a machine for unwinding ribbons. Unwinding mechanism, pulling mechanism for dragging the ribbon, fluxing mechanism for coating flux on the ribbon, ribbon cutting mechanism for cutting the ribbon, welding mechanism for welding photovoltaic panels, A feeding mechanism for feeding the welded photovoltaic panels, a retrieving mechanism for taking out the photovoltaic panels, and a collection platform; wherein the turntable type feeding mechanism, transfer platform and welding mechanism are arranged at equal intervals along the same line , the manipulator mechanism includes a manipulator bracket, a manipulator traversing guide rail extending along the arrangement direction of the turntable feeding mechanism, a transfer platform, and a welding mechanism, and two lifting manipulators slidably connected to the manipulator traversing guide rail to drive the lifting manipulator to move laterally The drive screw and the manipulator traverse motor that drives the drive screw to rotate; wherein the lifting manipulator includes the main body of the manipulator, the lifting cylinder of the manipulator that drives the main body of the manipulator to rise and fall, and the vacuum suction cup that is arranged on the lower surface of the main body of the manipulator. The distance between the two lifting manipulators It is equal to the distance between the turntable feeding mechanism, the transfer platform and the welding mechanism.
进一步,所述转盘式供料机构包括四工位转盘和四个用于承放光伏电池片的托盘,其中该四工位转盘具有至少一个与机械手衔接的取料工位。由于四工位转盘仅有一个与机械手衔接的取料工位,即其余三个工位处于闲置状态,可利这三个工位的闲置时间将光伏电池片叠放在相应的托盘上,当取料工位上的光伏电池片耗尽后通过旋转转盘切换工位,使满载光伏电池片的托盘切入取料工位,原取料工位上的托盘则切出到闲置工位放置光伏电池片,通过上述方式保障取料工位上的原料供应不间断。Further, the turntable-type feeding mechanism includes a four-station turntable and four trays for receiving photovoltaic cells, wherein the four-station turntable has at least one pick-up station connected with a robot arm. Since the four-station turntable has only one pick-up station connected to the manipulator, that is, the other three stations are idle, and the photovoltaic cells can be stacked on the corresponding tray during the idle time of these three stations. After the photovoltaic cells on the reclaiming station are exhausted, the station is switched by rotating the turntable, so that the tray full of photovoltaic cells is cut into the reclaiming station, and the tray on the original reclaiming station is cut out to the idle station to place photovoltaic cells slices, through the above method to ensure the uninterrupted supply of raw materials on the reclaiming station.
进一步,所述的放卷机构包括放卷机构支架、五个转动连接于支架一面的放卷轴以及五个分别一一带动五个放卷轴旋转的放卷电机,其中各放卷轴两侧均设有限位板,并且位于外侧的限位板与放卷轴进行可拆卸连接。本发明采用上述结构后,可利用放卷机构同时对五卷焊带进行放卷,实现五栅串焊。Further, the unwinding mechanism includes an unwinding mechanism bracket, five unwinding shafts that are rotatably connected to one side of the bracket, and five unwinding motors that drive the five unwinding shafts to rotate one by one, wherein each unwinding shaft is equipped with a limiter on both sides. Position plate, and the limit plate positioned at the outside is detachably connected with the unwinding shaft. After adopting the above-mentioned structure in the present invention, the unwinding mechanism can be used to simultaneously unwind five coils of soldering tape, thereby realizing five grid serial welding.
进一步,所述的中转平台包括中转平台主体、滑动平台、中转平台支架、固定安装于中转平台支架两相邻侧边上的X向定位挡板和Y向定位挡板、带动中转平台主体沿Y轴向移动的Y轴修正气缸以及带动中转平台主体沿X轴向移动的X轴修正气缸;其中所述的中转平台主体上表面开有真空吸附孔并内藏有一级加热模块用于预热光伏电池片,所述滑动平台与中转平台支架之间构成X向或Y向的滑动连接,并且通过相应的X轴修正气缸或Y轴修正气缸带动滑动平台滑动,所述的中转平台主体与滑动平台之间构成X向或Y向的滑动连接,并且通过相应的X轴修正气缸或Y轴修正气缸带动中转平台主体滑动。利用上述的结构,当光伏电池片放置在中转平台上时,中转平台主体和滑动平台分别在X轴修正气缸和Y轴修正气缸的带动下沿X轴和Y轴方向滑动,直至中转平台主体上的光伏电池片与X向定位挡板和Y向定位挡板抵触,从而完成对光伏电池片的定位,使光伏电池片准确处于预定位置上;此外利用一级加热模块对光伏电池片进行预热,可防止焊接时温度瞬时上升幅度过大造成光伏电池片过度形变,同时也可减少焊的时间,提升效率。Further, the transfer platform includes a transfer platform main body, a sliding platform, a transfer platform support, an X-direction positioning baffle and a Y-direction positioning baffle fixedly installed on two adjacent sides of the transfer platform support, and drives the transfer platform main body along the Y direction. The Y-axis correction cylinder that moves axially and the X-axis correction cylinder that drives the main body of the transfer platform to move along the X-axis; the upper surface of the main body of the transfer platform has a vacuum adsorption hole and a built-in primary heating module for preheating photovoltaic The battery sheet, the sliding platform and the transfer platform support form a sliding connection in the X direction or Y direction, and the sliding platform is driven to slide through the corresponding X-axis correction cylinder or Y-axis correction cylinder, and the transfer platform main body and the sliding platform A sliding connection in the X-direction or Y-direction is formed between them, and the main body of the transfer platform is driven to slide through the corresponding X-axis correction cylinder or Y-axis correction cylinder. With the above structure, when the photovoltaic cells are placed on the transfer platform, the main body of the transfer platform and the sliding platform are driven by the X-axis correction cylinder and the Y-axis correction cylinder to slide along the X-axis and the Y-axis direction until the main body of the transfer platform The photovoltaic cell is in conflict with the X-direction positioning baffle and the Y-direction positioning baffle, so as to complete the positioning of the photovoltaic cell and make the photovoltaic cell accurately in the predetermined position; in addition, use the primary heating module to preheat the photovoltaic cell , can prevent excessive deformation of photovoltaic cells caused by excessive instantaneous temperature rise during welding, and can also reduce welding time and improve efficiency.
进一步,所述的助焊机构包括助焊机构支架、五组分别引导五条焊带的导轮组、助焊剂盒五组输入端压焊带组和五组输出端压焊带组;所述助焊机构支架包括五个分别用于承托五组导轮组的滑座、沿垂直于焊带牵引方向延伸的调节导轨以及五根调节螺杆,五组所述导轮组平行排列并滑动连接于所述调节导轨上,该五根所述调节螺杆与所述调节导轨同向延伸并分别与该五个滑座一一对应螺纹连接以分别带动该五个滑座沿调节导轨滑动;所述助焊剂盒安置于导轮组下游;每组所述的导轮组均包括有导轮支架、转动链接于导轮支架上的若干导轮和可调式导轮,所述可调式导轮设于导轮组末端,各可调式导轮以及导轮均在其圆周面上留有导槽,其中可调式导轮包括有第一轮体、第二轮体和转轴,所述第一轮体与第二轮体之间的间隙形成所述导槽,并且该第一轮体和第二轮体之间沿转轴轴向相对移动以调节导槽宽度;五组输入端压焊带组和输出端压焊带组分别固定连接于五组所述滑座上,其中输入端压焊带组设于导轮组下游,输出端压焊带组设于助焊剂盒下游;各输入端压焊带组和输出端压焊带组均包括有压紧气缸和压;所述的焊带切断机构设置于输出端压焊带组下游,包括有切刀支架、升降式切刀以及带动切刀下切的下切气缸。利用上述结构,可根据生产需要调节五组导轮组之间的间距,从而调节各焊带的间距,具体地通过旋转调节螺杆,带动与其对应螺纹连接的滑座沿着垂直于焊带牵引方向(即各焊带的排列方向)移动,实现滑座在该方向上的滑动调节,使各焊带之间的间距能适应多种规格的光伏阳能电池片的生产要求。同时利用可调式导轮调节调节第一轮体与第二轮体之间的导槽宽度,使导槽适配各种宽度的焊带,使其对焊带更精准地限位。Further, the soldering aiding mechanism includes a soldering aiding mechanism bracket, five sets of guide wheels for respectively guiding five welding ribbons, a flux box, five sets of input-end pressure-welding belt sets and five sets of output-end pressure-welding belt sets; The welding mechanism bracket includes five sliding seats respectively used to support five sets of guide wheels, an adjustment guide rail extending perpendicular to the pulling direction of the welding belt, and five adjustment screws. The five sets of guide wheels are arranged in parallel and slidably connected to the On the adjusting guide rail, the five adjusting screws extend in the same direction as the adjusting guide rail and are threadedly connected with the five sliding seats respectively so as to respectively drive the five sliding seats to slide along the adjusting guide rail; The flux box is placed downstream of the guide wheel group; each group of the guide wheel group includes a guide wheel bracket, a number of guide wheels and adjustable guide wheels that are rotatably linked to the guide wheel bracket, and the adjustable guide wheel is located on the guide wheel At the end of the wheel set, each adjustable guide wheel and the guide wheel have guide grooves on their circumferential surface, wherein the adjustable guide wheel includes a first wheel body, a second wheel body and a rotating shaft, and the first wheel body and the second wheel body The gap between the two wheel bodies forms the guide groove, and the first wheel body and the second wheel body move relatively axially along the rotating shaft to adjust the width of the guide groove; The welding belt groups are respectively fixedly connected to the five sets of sliding seats, wherein the input end pressure welding belt group is arranged downstream of the guide wheel group, and the output end pressure welding belt group is arranged downstream of the flux box; each input end pressure welding belt group and The pressure welding belt group at the output end includes a compression cylinder and a press; the welding ribbon cutting mechanism is arranged downstream of the pressure welding belt group at the output end, and includes a cutter bracket, a lifting cutter and a cutting cylinder that drives the cutter to cut down. . Utilizing the above-mentioned structure, the spacing between the five sets of guide wheels can be adjusted according to the production needs, thereby adjusting the spacing of each welding belt. (that is, the arrangement direction of each ribbon) moves to realize the sliding adjustment of the sliding seat in this direction, so that the distance between each ribbon can adapt to the production requirements of photovoltaic solar cells of various specifications. At the same time, the adjustable guide wheel is used to adjust the width of the guide groove between the first wheel body and the second wheel body, so that the guide groove can be adapted to welding ribbons of various widths, so that the welding ribbon can be more accurately limited.
进一步,所述第一轮体与转轴固定连接,同时第一轮体的内侧面还成形有滑柱和导轮安装部,所述第二轮体套接于所述滑柱上并沿该滑柱滑动调节,同时在第二轮体上开有沿着其径向延伸的螺纹孔,并通过螺纹连接于该螺纹孔内的锁紧螺丝顶压导轮安装部以锁紧第二轮体。可利用第二轮体在第一轮体的滑柱上滑动以调节导槽的宽度,当第二轮体在滑柱上滑动到位后,再拧紧螺纹孔内的锁紧螺丝使锁紧螺丝顶压第一轮体的安装部,从而锁紧第二轮体的位置将导槽的宽度固定。Further, the first wheel body is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and at the same time, the inner surface of the first wheel body is also formed with a sliding column and a guide wheel installation part, and the second wheel body is sleeved on the sliding column and slides along the sliding column. The column is slidably adjusted, and at the same time, a threaded hole extending along its radial direction is opened on the second wheel body, and the locking screw threaded in the threaded hole presses the guide wheel mounting part to lock the second wheel body. The second wheel body can be used to slide on the sliding column of the first wheel body to adjust the width of the guide groove. After the second wheel body slides on the sliding column to the right position, tighten the locking screw in the threaded hole to make the locking screw top Press the mounting part of the first wheel body to lock the position of the second wheel body to fix the width of the guide groove.
进一步,所述的焊接机构包括升降焊接头以及焊接平台,其中所述的焊接平台划分有固定区域和活动区域,其中所述活动区域内设有移料块;所述固定区域以及移料块的上表面均设有真空吸附孔,并且在固定区域内还开有真空释放孔,该固定区域内还内藏有用于预热光伏电池片的二级加热模块;所述的焊接平台主体的固定区域以及移料块上表面均留有五道焊带槽。由于固定区域内开有真空释放孔,当固定区域内的真空吸附孔停止真空吸附时,空气可从真空释放孔进入真空吸附孔的腔室内,使腔室内的压力快速与外界平衡,从而消除固定区域内真空吸附孔对光伏电池片的吸附作用,确保光伏电池片能顺利地被移料块以顶升横移的方式向前输送,提高生产加工的效率,也较少光伏电池片在输送过程中因固定区域内真空吸附孔的吸附作用消除不彻底而造成的损伤。Further, the welding mechanism includes a lifting welding head and a welding platform, wherein the welding platform is divided into a fixed area and an active area, wherein a material transfer block is arranged in the active area; the fixed area and the material transfer block The upper surface is provided with vacuum adsorption holes, and a vacuum release hole is also opened in the fixed area, and a secondary heating module for preheating photovoltaic cells is also built in the fixed area; the fixed area of the main body of the welding platform is And there are five ribbon grooves on the upper surface of the material transfer block. Since there is a vacuum release hole in the fixed area, when the vacuum adsorption hole in the fixed area stops vacuum adsorption, the air can enter the chamber of the vacuum adsorption hole from the vacuum release hole, so that the pressure in the chamber can be quickly balanced with the outside world, thereby eliminating the need for fixing. The adsorption effect of the vacuum adsorption holes on the photovoltaic cells in the area ensures that the photovoltaic cells can be smoothly transported forward by the material transfer block in the way of jacking and lateral movement, which improves the efficiency of production and processing and reduces the number of photovoltaic cells in the transportation process. The damage caused by the incomplete elimination of the adsorption effect of the vacuum adsorption holes in the fixed area.
进一步,所述的拉带机构包括用于夹紧焊带头的夹头、驱动夹头松紧的夹紧气缸、用于安装和承托夹头以及夹紧气缸的夹头支座、带动夹头支座沿焊带长度方向滑动的拉带机构横向螺杆以及驱动拉带机构横向螺杆旋转的夹头支座横移电机;所述的夹头与夹头支座支座铰接并通过连杆与所述夹紧气缸连接,所述的拉带机构横向螺杆沿焊带长度方向延伸并与夹头支座螺纹连接。利用拉带机构可对焊带进行拉出,将焊带铺放在焊接平台以及光伏电池片上,拉出时,支座横移电机带动拉带机构横向螺杆旋转让夹头支座移动至最前端并通过夹紧气缸带动夹头夹紧焊带的带头,随后横移电机带动拉带机构横向螺杆反向旋转,让焊带随夹头支座后移铺放至焊接平台以及光伏电池片上。Further, the pull belt mechanism includes a clamp for clamping the welding head, a clamping cylinder for driving the clamp to tighten, a clamp support for installing and supporting the clamp and the clamping cylinder, and a clamp support for driving the clamp. The seat slides along the length direction of the ribbon mechanism and the chuck support traverse motor that drives the belt pull mechanism to rotate; the chuck is hinged to the chuck support and is connected to the The clamping cylinder is connected, and the transverse screw rod of the pull belt mechanism extends along the length direction of the welding belt and is threadedly connected with the chuck support. The ribbon can be pulled out by using the ribbon mechanism, and the ribbon is placed on the welding platform and photovoltaic cells. When pulling out, the support traverse motor drives the ribbon mechanism to rotate the horizontal screw to move the chuck support to the front end. And through the clamping cylinder to drive the chuck to clamp the head of the ribbon, and then the traverse motor drives the horizontal screw of the pull belt mechanism to rotate in reverse, so that the ribbon moves backward with the chuck support and lays it on the welding platform and photovoltaic cells.
进一步,所述的送料机构包括有与所述移料块连接的活动托杆、设于活动托杆两侧的固定托架、横向导轨、连接横向导轨与活动托杆的横向滑座、带动横向滑座沿横向导轨横移的横移同步带、带动横移同步带运行的横移驱动电机、承托横向导轨的升降滑座、与升降滑座滑动连接的升降导轨、带动升降滑座升降的凸轮以及带动凸轮旋转的凸轮驱动电机;其中所述的横向滑座承托传动并与横向导轨滑动连接,所述的横移同步带套于横向导轨两侧面,同时在所述横向滑座两侧设有与所述同步带连接的同步带连接件,所述凸轮的转轴横向延伸承托所述升降滑座。送料机构通过顶升横移的方式对光伏电池片进行输送,其具体的过程如下:凸轮驱动电机驱动凸轮旋转,利用凸轮对升降滑座进行周期性顶升从而使传动杆以及移料块升起托举光伏电池片,同时横移驱动电机带动同步带运转驱动横向滑座沿横向导轨滑动,传动杆以及移料块随横向滑座横移,并带动光伏电池片向前移动,通过上述方式输送光伏电池片向前输送。Further, the feeding mechanism includes a movable support bar connected with the material shifting block, fixed brackets arranged on both sides of the movable support bar, a transverse guide rail, a transverse slide seat connecting the transverse guide rail and the movable support bar, driving the transverse The traversing synchronous belt for the sliding seat to move laterally along the horizontal guide rail, the traversing drive motor for driving the traversing synchronous belt, the lifting slide seat supporting the horizontal guide rail, the lifting guide rail slidingly connected with the lifting slide seat, and the drive for lifting the lifting slide seat The cam and the cam driving motor that drives the cam to rotate; wherein the horizontal sliding seat supports transmission and is slidingly connected with the horizontal guide rail, and the lateral movement synchronous belt is sleeved on both sides of the horizontal guide rail, and at the same time on both sides of the horizontal sliding seat A synchronous belt connector connected with the synchronous belt is provided, and the rotating shaft of the cam extends laterally to support the lifting slide. The feeding mechanism transports the photovoltaic cells by jacking up and moving horizontally. The specific process is as follows: the cam drives the motor to drive the cam to rotate, and the cam is used to periodically lift the lifting slide so that the transmission rod and the moving block are raised Lift the photovoltaic cell, and at the same time, the drive motor drives the synchronous belt to run and drives the horizontal slide to slide along the horizontal guide rail. The transmission rod and the material moving block move laterally with the horizontal slide, and drive the photovoltaic cell to move forward. Photovoltaic cells are fed forward.
进一步,所述的收集平台设置于送料机构的固定托架一侧,所述的取料机构包括翻转取料头、带动翻转取料头翻转的翻转电机、平移升降取料头、带动平移升降取料头进行升降的取料头升降气缸、引导平移升降取料头沿固定托架以及收集平台之间移动的取料头平移滑轨和取料头平移气缸,其中所述的翻转取料头以及平移升降取料头均留有真空吸附孔。Further, the collection platform is set on one side of the fixed bracket of the feeding mechanism, and the retrieving mechanism includes a flipping and retrieving head, a flipping motor that drives the flipping and retrieving The reclaiming head lifting cylinder for lifting the material head, the reclaiming head translation slide rail and the reclaiming head translation cylinder that guide the translational lifting and retrieving head to move between the fixed bracket and the collecting platform, wherein the flipping reclaiming head and There are vacuum adsorption holes in the lifting and retrieving heads for translation.
利用取料机构可将串焊好的光伏电池片从送料机构上取出并放置在收集平台上进行堆叠,其具体的过程如下:首先翻转取料头在翻转电机的带动下翻转,使其具有真空吸附孔的一面朝下,然后送料机构的活动托杆在凸轮带动下顶升使串焊好的光伏电池片与翻转取料头贴近,翻转取料头通过真空吸附作用将光伏电池片吸起并翻转使其对准平移升降取料头下方,平移升降取料头在取料头升降气缸的带动下下降直至其紧贴光伏电池片,然后平移升降取料头将光伏电池片吸起并在取料头升降气缸的带动下升起,然后取料头平移气缸带动平移升降取料头平移至收集平台上方,最后平移升降取料头下降并取消真空吸附使光伏电池片转移至收集平台上。The string-welded photovoltaic cells can be taken out from the feeding mechanism and placed on the collecting platform for stacking by using the retrieving mechanism. One side of the adsorption hole is facing down, and then the movable support rod of the feeding mechanism is driven by the cam to lift up to make the photovoltaic cell pieces welded in series close to the flipping pick-up head, and the flipping pick-up head will suck up the photovoltaic cells through vacuum adsorption. And turn it over to align it with the lower part of the lifting head. The lifting head is driven down by the lifting cylinder of the head until it is close to the photovoltaic cells. Then the lifting head will suck up the photovoltaic cells and place them on the The lifting cylinder of the reclaiming head rises, and then the reclaiming head translation cylinder drives the lifting and retrieving head to move to the top of the collection platform, and finally the lifting and retrieving head descends and cancels the vacuum adsorption to transfer the photovoltaic cells to the collecting platform.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的立体结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
图2为本发明的俯视图。Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention.
图3为本发明的主视图。Fig. 3 is a front view of the present invention.
图4为本发明的侧视图。Figure 4 is a side view of the present invention.
图5为本发明的转盘式供料机构的俯视图。Fig. 5 is a top view of the rotary disk feeding mechanism of the present invention.
图6为图1中区域A的局部放大图。FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of area A in FIG. 1 .
图7为本发明的机械手机构的主视图。Fig. 7 is a front view of the manipulator mechanism of the present invention.
图8为本发明的中转平台的立体结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the transfer platform of the present invention.
图9为本发明的中转平台的Y向侧视图。Fig. 9 is a Y-direction side view of the transfer platform of the present invention.
图10为本发明的中转平台的X向侧视图。Fig. 10 is an X-direction side view of the transfer platform of the present invention.
图11为本发明的放卷机构的立体结构示意图。Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the unwinding mechanism of the present invention.
图12为本发明的助焊机构的立体结构示意图。Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fluxing mechanism of the present invention.
图13为本发明的助焊机构的另一立体结构示意图。Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of another three-dimensional structure of the fluxing mechanism of the present invention.
图14为本发明的助焊机构的立体分解图。Fig. 14 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the fluxing mechanism of the present invention.
图15为本发明的助焊机构的俯视图。Fig. 15 is a top view of the fluxing mechanism of the present invention.
图16为本发明的导轮组的立体结构示意图。Fig. 16 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the guide wheel set of the present invention.
图17为本发明的导轮组的立体分解图。Fig. 17 is an exploded perspective view of the guide wheel set of the present invention.
图18为本发明的调节导轮的剖视图。Fig. 18 is a sectional view of the adjusting guide wheel of the present invention.
图19为本发明的焊接平台的立体结构示意图。Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the welding platform of the present invention.
图20为本发明的焊接平台的另一立体结构示意图。Fig. 20 is another perspective view of the welding platform of the present invention.
图21为图1中区域B的局部放大图。FIG. 21 is a partially enlarged view of area B in FIG. 1 .
图22为图3中区域C的局部放大图。FIG. 22 is a partially enlarged view of area C in FIG. 3 .
图23为本发明的送料机构的立体结构示意图。Fig. 23 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.
图24为本发明的送料机构的俯视图。Fig. 24 is a top view of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.
图25为本发明的送料机构的侧视图。Fig. 25 is a side view of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.
其中,1-转盘式供料机构,101-四工位转盘,102-托盘,2-机械手机构,201-机械手横移导轨,202-升降机械手,2021-机械手主体,2022-机械手升降气缸,2023-真空吸盘,203-传动螺杆,204-机械手横移电机,3-中转平台,301-中转平台主体,302-滑动平台,303-中转平台支架,3031-X向定位挡板,3032-Y向定位挡板,304-X轴修正气缸,305-Y轴修正气缸,4-放卷机构,401-放卷机构支架,402-放卷电机,403-放卷轴,404-限位板,5-拉带机构,501-夹头,502-夹紧气缸,503-夹头支座,504-拉带机构横向螺杆,505-夹头支座横移电机,506-连杆,6-助焊机构,601-助焊机构支架,6011-滑座,6012-螺纹套,6013-调节导轨,6014-调节螺杆,6015-调节手轮,602-导轮组,6021-导轮支架,60211-轴承安装孔,60212-轴承,6022-可调式导轮6022,60221-第一轮体,60222-第二轮体,60223-滑柱,60224-导轮安装部,60225-锁紧螺丝,6023-导轮,603-助焊剂盒,6031-助焊剂接盘,604-输入端压焊带组,605-输出端压焊带组,606-助焊剂接盒,7-焊带切断机构,8-焊接机构,801-升降焊接头,802-焊接平台,8021-固定区域,8022-移料块,8023-真空释放孔,9-送料机构,901-活动托杆,9011-固定托架,902-横向导轨,903-横向滑座,904-横移同步带,905-横移驱动电机,906-升降滑座,907-升降导轨,908-凸轮,909-凸轮驱动电机,10-取料机构,1001-翻转取料头,1002-翻转电机,1003-平移升降取料头,1004-取料头升降气缸,1005-取料头平移滑轨,1006-取料头平移气缸,1007-收集平台。Among them, 1-turntable feeding mechanism, 101-four-station turntable, 102-tray, 2-manipulator mechanism, 201-manipulator traverse guide rail, 202-lifting manipulator, 2021-manipulator main body, 2022-manipulator lifting cylinder, 2023 -vacuum suction cup, 203-transmission screw, 204-transverse motor of manipulator, 3-transfer platform, 301-transfer platform main body, 302-sliding platform, 303-transfer platform bracket, 3031-positioning baffle in X direction, 3032-Y direction Positioning baffle, 304-X-axis correction cylinder, 305-Y-axis correction cylinder, 4-unwinding mechanism, 401-unwinding mechanism bracket, 402-unwinding motor, 403-unwinding shaft, 404-limiting plate, 5- Pull belt mechanism, 501-clamp, 502-clamping cylinder, 503-clamp support, 504-transverse screw of draw belt mechanism, 505-transverse motor of clamp support, 506-connecting rod, 6-welding aid mechanism , 601-welding mechanism bracket, 6011-slider, 6012-thread sleeve, 6013-adjusting guide rail, 6014-adjusting screw, 6015-adjusting handwheel, 602-guiding wheel group, 6021-guiding wheel bracket, 60211-bearing installation Hole, 60212-bearing, 6022-adjustable guide wheel 6022, 60221-first wheel body, 60222-second wheel body, 60223-slider, 60224-guide wheel installation part, 60225-lock screw, 6023-guide wheel , 603-flux box, 6031-flux receiving tray, 604-input terminal bonding tape group, 605-output terminal bonding tape group, 606-flux connecting box, 7-soldering tape cutting mechanism, 8-welding mechanism, 801-lifting welding head, 802-welding platform, 8021-fixed area, 8022-moving block, 8023-vacuum release hole, 9-feeding mechanism, 901-movable support rod, 9011-fixed bracket, 902-transverse guide rail, 903-transverse sliding seat, 904-transverse synchronous belt, 905-transverse drive motor, 906-elevating slide seat, 907-elevating guide rail, 908-cam, 909-cam driving motor, 10-feeding mechanism, 1001-turnover Retrieving head, 1002-overturning motor, 1003-translation lifting and retrieving head, 1004-lifting cylinder of reclaiming head, 1005-translation slide rail of reclaiming head, 1006-translation cylinder of reclaiming head, 1007-collecting platform.
具体实施方式detailed description
现结合附图和具体实施例对本发明所要求保护的技术方案作进一步详细说明。The technical solutions claimed in the present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
参见图1至图4所示,本实施例中的五栅光伏电池片串焊设备,包括转盘式供料机构1、用于移料的机械手机构2、用于对光伏电池板进行预热和定位的中转平台3、用于对焊带进行放卷的放卷机构4、用于拖拽焊带的拉带机构5、用于对焊带涂覆助焊剂的助焊机构6、用于切断焊带的焊带切断机构7、用于焊接光伏电池板的焊接机构8、用于对焊接后的光伏电池板进行送料的送料机构9、用于取出光伏电池板的取料机构10以及收集平台1007。Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the five-grid photovoltaic cell string welding equipment in this embodiment includes a turntable feeding mechanism 1, a manipulator mechanism 2 for transferring materials, and is used for preheating and Positioned transfer platform 3, unwinding mechanism for unwinding the welding ribbon 4, pull belt mechanism for dragging the welding ribbon 5, fluxing mechanism for coating flux on the welding ribbon 6, for cutting Ribbon cutting mechanism 7 for welding ribbon, welding mechanism 8 for welding photovoltaic panels, feeding mechanism 9 for feeding welded photovoltaic panels, retrieving mechanism 10 for taking out photovoltaic panels, and collection platform 1007.
参见图5和图6所示,转盘式供料机构1包括四工位转盘101和四个用于承放光伏电池片的托盘102,其中该四工位转盘101具有至少一个与机械手衔接的取料工位。5 and 6, the turntable feeding mechanism 1 includes a four-station turntable 101 and four trays 102 for accommodating photovoltaic cells, wherein the four-station turntable 101 has at least one pick-up that engages with the manipulator. material station.
参见图7所示,转盘式供料机构1、中转平台3和焊接机构8沿同一直线等间距布置,所述的机械手机构2包括机械手支架,沿转盘式供料机构1、中转平台3以及焊接机构8排列方向延伸的机械手横移导轨201,滑动连接于机械手横移导轨201上的两个升降机械手202,带动升降机械手202横移的传动螺杆203和带动传动螺杆203旋转的机械手横移电机204;其中所述的升降机械手202包括机械手主体2021、带动机械手主体2021升降的机械手升降气缸2022以及设置于机械手主体2021下表面的真空吸盘2023,两升降机械手202之间的间距等于转盘式供料机构1、中转平台3和焊接机构8之间的间距。Referring to Fig. 7, the turntable feeding mechanism 1, the transfer platform 3 and the welding mechanism 8 are arranged at equal intervals along the same line, and the manipulator mechanism 2 includes a manipulator support, along which the turntable feeding mechanism 1, the transfer platform 3 and the welding The manipulator traversing guide rail 201 extending in the arrangement direction of the mechanism 8, the two lifting manipulators 202 slidably connected to the manipulator traversing guide rail 201, the transmission screw 203 that drives the lifting manipulator 202 to traverse and the manipulator traversing motor 204 that drives the transmission screw 203 to rotate Wherein said lifting manipulator 202 comprises manipulator main body 2021, the manipulator lifting cylinder 2022 that drives manipulator main body 2021 lifting and is arranged on the vacuum sucker 2023 of manipulator main body 2021 lower surface, the distance between two lifting manipulators 202 is equal to the turntable type feeding mechanism 1. The distance between the transfer platform 3 and the welding mechanism 8 .
参见图8至图10所示,中转平台3包括中转平台主体301、滑动平台302、中转平台支架303、固定安装于中转平台支架303两相邻侧边上的X向定位挡板3031和Y向定位挡板3032、带动中转平台主体301沿Y轴向移动的Y轴修正气缸305以及带动中转平台主体301沿X轴向移动的X轴修正气缸304;其中所述的中转平台主体301上表面开有真空吸附孔并内藏有一级加热模块用于预热光伏电池片,所述滑动平台302与中转平台支架303之间构成X向或Y向的滑动连接,并且通过相应的X轴修正气缸304或Y轴修正气缸305带动滑动平台302滑动,所述的中转平台主体301与滑动平台302之间构成X向或Y向的滑动连接,并且通过相应的X轴修正气缸304或Y轴修正气缸305带动中转平台主体301滑动。Referring to Figures 8 to 10, the transfer platform 3 includes a transfer platform main body 301, a sliding platform 302, a transfer platform support 303, X-direction positioning baffles 3031 fixed on two adjacent sides of the transfer platform support 303 and a Y-direction positioning baffle 3031. The positioning baffle 3032, the Y-axis correction cylinder 305 that drives the transfer platform main body 301 to move along the Y-axis, and the X-axis correction cylinder 304 that drives the transfer platform main body 301 to move along the X-axis; wherein the upper surface of the transfer platform main body 301 is opened There are vacuum suction holes and a built-in primary heating module for preheating photovoltaic cells. The sliding platform 302 and the transfer platform bracket 303 form a sliding connection in the X or Y direction, and the cylinder 304 is corrected by the corresponding X axis. Or the Y-axis correction cylinder 305 drives the sliding platform 302 to slide, and the transfer platform main body 301 and the sliding platform 302 form a sliding connection in the X or Y direction, and the corresponding X-axis correction cylinder 304 or Y-axis correction cylinder 305 Drive the transfer platform main body 301 to slide.
参见图11所示,放卷机构4包括放卷机构支架401、五个转动连接于支架一面的放卷轴403以及五个分别一一带动五个放卷轴403旋转的放卷电机402,其中各放卷轴403两侧均设有限位板404,并且位于外侧的限位板404与放卷轴403进行可拆卸连接,具体地在本实施例中限位板404通过螺栓连接在放卷轴403的外侧端部。Referring to Figure 11, the unwinding mechanism 4 includes an unwinding mechanism bracket 401, five unwinding shafts 403 that are rotatably connected to one side of the bracket, and five unwinding motors 402 that drive the five unwinding shafts 403 to rotate one by one, wherein each unwinding Limiting plates 404 are provided on both sides of the reel 403, and the limiting plates 404 on the outside are detachably connected to the unwinding shaft 403. Specifically, in this embodiment, the limiting plates 404 are connected to the outer end of the unwinding shaft 403 by bolts. .
参见图12至图15所示,助焊机构6包括助焊机构支架601、五组分别引导五条焊带的导轮组602、助焊剂盒603五组输入端压焊带组604和五组输出端压焊带组605;所述助焊机构支架601包括五个分别用于承托五组导轮组602的滑座6011、沿垂直于焊带牵引方向延伸的调节导轨6013以及五根调节螺杆6014,五组所述导轮组602平行排列并滑动连接于所述调节导轨6013上,该五根所述调节螺杆6014与所述调节导轨6013同向延伸并分别与该五个滑座6011一一对应螺纹连接以分别带动该五个滑座6011沿调节导轨6013滑动。在本实施例中五根调节螺杆6014与调节导轨6013同向延伸并分别与该五个滑座6011一一对应螺纹连接使调节螺杆6014与对应的滑座6011构成滚珠丝杆副以分别带动该五个滑座6011沿调节导轨6013滑动。为了让调节螺杆6014与非相应的滑座6011错开,本实施例采用以两种下方式:其一是在非相应的滑座6011上开有孔径大于调节螺杆6014的通孔让调节螺杆6014直接穿过非相应的滑座6011并最终与相应的滑座6011螺纹连接;其二是在滑座6011下方成形有螺纹套6012,让调节螺杆6014与螺纹套6012螺纹连接,使调节螺杆6014与非相应的滑座6011上下错层。通过上述方式使五组调节螺杆6014分别与五个滑套一一对应独立调节,避免在调节过程中相互干预。为了便于人手调节,调节螺杆6014还在其端部链接有调节手轮6015.助焊剂盒603安置于导轮组602下游;每组所述的导轮组602均包括有导轮支架6021、转动链接于导轮支架6021上的若干导轮6023和可调式导轮6022,所述可调式导轮6022设于导轮组602末端,各可调式导轮6022以及导轮6023均在其圆周面上留有导槽,其中可调式导轮6022包括有第一轮体60221、第二轮体60222和转轴,所述第一轮体60221与第二轮体60222之间的间隙形成所述导槽,并且该第一轮体60221和第二轮体60222之间沿转轴轴向相对移动以调节导槽宽度;五组输入端压焊带组604和输出端压焊带组605分别固定连接于五组所述滑座6011上,其中输入端压焊带组604设于导轮组602下游,输出端压焊带组605设于助焊剂盒603下游;各输入端压焊带组604和输出端压焊带组605均包括有压紧气缸和压;所述的焊带切断机构7设置于输出端压焊带组605下游,包括有切刀支架、升降式切刀以及带动切刀下切的下切气缸。在本实施例中还在助焊剂盒603下垫放助焊剂接盘6031以及在输出端压焊带组605下方安装助焊剂接盒606以收集滴落的助焊剂,防止助焊剂污染生产场地以及腐蚀设备。导轮组602两侧均有导轮支架6021,两侧导轮支架6021均开有轴承安装孔60211并通过轴承60212与导轮6023和可调式导轮6022的转轴两端转动连接。与单侧安装的导轮支架6021相比,本实施例的导轮支架6021分别从两侧与与导轮6023和可调式导轮6022转动连接,极大降低导轮6023以及可调式导轮6022的摆动,增加稳定性。Referring to Fig. 12 to Fig. 15, the fluxing mechanism 6 includes a fluxing mechanism bracket 601, five sets of guide wheel sets 602 for respectively guiding five welding strips, a flux box 603, five sets of input end pressure welding strip sets 604 and five sets of output End pressure welding strip group 605; the welding aid mechanism support 601 includes five slide seats 6011 respectively used to support five sets of guide wheel sets 602, an adjustment guide rail 6013 extending perpendicular to the pulling direction of the welding strip, and five adjustment screws 6014, the five sets of guide wheel sets 602 are arranged in parallel and slidably connected to the adjustment guide rail 6013, the five adjustment screw rods 6014 extend in the same direction as the adjustment guide rail 6013 and are respectively connected to the five sliding seats 6011 A corresponding screw connection drives the five sliding seats 6011 to slide along the adjusting guide rail 6013 respectively. In this embodiment, the five adjusting screws 6014 extend in the same direction as the adjusting guide rail 6013 and are threadedly connected with the five sliding seats 6011 respectively so that the adjusting screws 6014 and the corresponding sliding seats 6011 form a ball screw pair to drive the five sliding seats 6011 respectively. Five sliding seats 6011 slide along the adjustment guide rail 6013. In order to allow the adjusting screw 6014 to stagger with the non-corresponding sliding seat 6011, the present embodiment adopts the following two methods: one is to have a through hole with an aperture larger than the adjusting screw 6014 on the non-corresponding sliding seat 6011 so that the adjusting screw 6014 can directly Pass through the non-corresponding sliding seat 6011 and finally be threaded with the corresponding sliding seat 6011; the second is to form a threaded sleeve 6012 under the sliding seat 6011, so that the adjusting screw 6014 is threaded with the threaded sleeve 6012, so that the adjusting screw 6014 is connected with the non-corresponding sliding seat 6011. Corresponding sliding seat 6011 is staggered up and down. Through the above-mentioned method, the five sets of adjusting screw rods 6014 are independently adjusted in one-to-one correspondence with the five sliding sleeves, so as to avoid interfering with each other during the adjustment process. In order to facilitate manual adjustment, the adjustment screw 6014 is also connected with an adjustment handwheel 6015 at its end. The flux box 603 is placed downstream of the guide wheel set 602; each set of guide wheel sets 602 includes a guide wheel bracket 6021, a rotating Several guide wheels 6023 and adjustable guide wheels 6022 linked on the guide wheel bracket 6021, the adjustable guide wheels 6022 are arranged at the end of the guide wheel group 602, and each adjustable guide wheel 6022 and the guide wheels 6023 are all on its circumferential surface A guide groove is left, wherein the adjustable guide wheel 6022 includes a first wheel body 60221, a second wheel body 60222 and a rotating shaft, the gap between the first wheel body 60221 and the second wheel body 60222 forms the guide groove, And the first wheel body 60221 and the second wheel body 60222 move relatively axially along the rotating shaft to adjust the width of the guide groove; the five sets of input-end pressure-welding belt sets 604 and output-end pressure-welding belt sets 605 are respectively fixedly connected to the five sets of On the sliding seat 6011, the input-end welding band group 604 is arranged downstream of the guide wheel group 602, and the output-end welding band group 605 is located downstream of the flux box 603; each input-end pressing band group 604 and output-end pressing The welding ribbon group 605 all includes a compression cylinder and a press; the welding ribbon cutting mechanism 7 is arranged on the downstream of the output end pressure welding ribbon group 605, and includes a cutter bracket, a lifting cutter and a cutting cylinder that drives the cutter to cut down. . In this embodiment, the flux receiving plate 6031 is also placed under the flux box 603 and the flux connecting box 606 is installed below the output terminal bonding belt group 605 to collect the dripping flux, preventing the flux from polluting the production site and corroding equipment. There are guide wheel brackets 6021 on both sides of the guide wheel group 602, and both sides of the guide wheel brackets 6021 are provided with bearing mounting holes 60211 and are rotatably connected with the two ends of the rotating shaft of the guide wheel 6023 and the adjustable guide wheel 6022 through the bearing 60212. Compared with the guide wheel bracket 6021 installed on one side, the guide wheel bracket 6021 of this embodiment is connected to the guide wheel 6023 and the adjustable guide wheel 6022 in rotation from both sides, greatly reducing the guide wheel 6023 and the adjustable guide wheel 6022. swing for added stability.
参见图16至图18所示,其中第一轮体60221与转轴固定连接,同时第一轮体60221的内侧面还成形有滑柱60223和导轮安装部60224,所述第二轮体60222套接于所述滑柱60223上并沿该滑柱60223滑动调节,同时在第二轮体60222上开有沿着其径向延伸的螺纹孔,并通过螺纹连接于该螺纹孔内的锁紧螺丝60225顶压导轮安装部60224以锁紧第二轮体60222。利用上述结构,可根据生产需要调节五组导轮组602之间的间距,从而调节各焊带的间距,具体地通过旋转调节螺杆6014,带动与其对应螺纹连接的滑座6011沿着垂直于焊带牵引方向(即各焊带的排列方向)移动,实现滑座6011在该方向上的滑动调节,使各焊带之间的间距能适应多种规格的光伏阳能电池片的生产要求。同时利用可调式导轮6022调节调节第一轮体60221与第二轮体60222之间的导槽宽度,使导槽适配各种宽度的焊带,使其对焊带更精准地限位。此外还可利用第二轮体60222在第一轮体60221的滑柱60223上滑动以调节导槽的宽度,当第二轮体60222在滑柱60223上滑动到位后,再拧紧螺纹孔内的锁紧螺丝60225使锁紧螺丝60225顶压第一轮体60221的安装部,从而锁紧第二轮体60222的位置将导槽的宽度固定。Referring to Fig. 16 to Fig. 18, the first wheel body 60221 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the inner surface of the first wheel body 60221 is also formed with a sliding column 60223 and a guide wheel installation part 60224, and the second wheel body 60222 sets Connected to the spool 60223 and slid along the spool 60223 for adjustment, meanwhile, the second wheel body 60222 is provided with a threaded hole extending along its radial direction, and is threaded into the locking screw in the threaded hole 60225 presses against the guide wheel installation part 60224 to lock the second wheel body 60222. Utilizing the above-mentioned structure, the spacing between the five sets of guide wheel sets 602 can be adjusted according to production needs, thereby adjusting the spacing of each welding strip. Specifically, by rotating the adjusting screw 6014, the sliding seat 6011 that is The movement of the belt pulling direction (that is, the arrangement direction of each welding ribbon) realizes the sliding adjustment of the sliding seat 6011 in this direction, so that the distance between each welding ribbon can meet the production requirements of various specifications of photovoltaic solar cells. At the same time, the adjustable guide wheel 6022 is used to adjust the width of the guide groove between the first wheel body 60221 and the second wheel body 60222, so that the guide groove can be adapted to welding ribbons of various widths, so that the welding ribbon can be more accurately limited. In addition, the second wheel body 60222 can also be used to slide on the sliding column 60223 of the first wheel body 60221 to adjust the width of the guide groove. Tighten the screw 60225 so that the locking screw 60225 presses against the installation part of the first wheel body 60221, thereby locking the position of the second wheel body 60222 to fix the width of the guide groove.
参见图19和图20所示,焊接机构8包括升降焊接头801以及焊接平台802,其中所述的焊接平台802划分有固定区域8021和活动区域,其中所述活动区域内设有移料块8022;所述固定区域8021以及移料块8022的上表面均设有真空吸附孔,并且在固定区域8021内还开有真空释放孔8023,该固定区域8021内还内藏有用于预热光伏电池片的二级加热模块;所述的焊接平台802主体的固定区域8021以及移料块8022上表面均留有五道焊带槽。Referring to Fig. 19 and Fig. 20, the welding mechanism 8 includes a lifting welding head 801 and a welding platform 802, wherein the welding platform 802 is divided into a fixed area 8021 and an active area, wherein a moving block 8022 is arranged in the active area The fixed area 8021 and the upper surface of the material transfer block 8022 are provided with vacuum adsorption holes, and a vacuum release hole 8023 is also opened in the fixed area 8021, and there is also a built-in device for preheating photovoltaic cells in the fixed area 8021. The secondary heating module; the fixed area 8021 of the main body of the welding platform 802 and the upper surface of the material transfer block 8022 are left with five ribbon grooves.
参见图21和图22所示,拉带机构5包括用于夹紧焊带头的夹头501、驱动夹头501松紧的夹紧气缸502、用于安装和承托夹头501以及夹紧气缸502的夹头支座503、带动夹头支座503沿焊带长度方向滑动的拉带机构横向螺杆504以及驱动拉带机构横向螺杆504旋转的夹头支座横移电机505;所述的夹头501与夹头支座503支座铰接并通过连杆506与所述夹紧气缸502连接,所述的拉带机构横向螺杆504沿焊带长度方向延伸并与夹头支座503螺纹连接。Referring to Fig. 21 and Fig. 22, the pull belt mechanism 5 includes a clamp 501 for clamping the welding head, a clamping cylinder 502 for driving the clamp 501 to tighten, a clamping cylinder 502 for installing and supporting the clamp 501, and a clamping cylinder 502. Chuck support 503, drive the chuck support 503 to slide along the lengthwise direction of the ribbon, the drawstring mechanism transverse screw 504, and the chuck support traverse motor 505 that drives the drawstring mechanism transverse screw 504 to rotate; 501 is hinged with the chuck support 503 and is connected to the clamping cylinder 502 through a connecting rod 506. The transverse screw 504 of the pull belt mechanism extends along the length direction of the welding strip and is threadedly connected with the chuck support 503.
参见图23至图25所示,送料机构9包括有与所述移料块8022连接的活动托杆901、设于活动托杆901两侧的固定托架9011、横向导轨902、连接横向导轨902与活动托杆901的横向滑座903、带动横向滑座903沿横向导轨902横移的横移同步带904、带动横移同步带904运行的横移驱动电机905、承托横向导轨902的升降滑座906、与升降滑座906滑动连接的升降导轨907、带动升降滑座906升降的凸轮908以及带动凸轮908旋转的凸轮驱动电机909;其中所述的横向滑座903承托传动并与横向导轨902滑动连接,所述的横移同步带904套于横向导轨902两侧面,同时在所述横向滑座903两侧设有与所述同步带连接的同步带连接件,所述凸轮908的转轴横向延伸承托所述升降滑座906。Referring to Fig. 23 to Fig. 25, the feeding mechanism 9 includes a movable bracket 901 connected to the moving block 8022, a fixed bracket 9011 arranged on both sides of the movable bracket 901, a transverse guide rail 902, and a connecting transverse guide rail 902 The horizontal sliding seat 903 with the movable support rod 901, the horizontal sliding synchronous belt 904 that drives the horizontal sliding seat 903 to move laterally along the horizontal guide rail 902, the horizontal moving drive motor 905 that drives the horizontal sliding synchronous belt 904 to run, and the lifting of the supporting horizontal guide rail 902 Sliding seat 906, the lifting guide rail 907 slidingly connected with the lifting sliding seat 906, the cam 908 that drives the lifting sliding seat 906 to rise and fall, and the cam driving motor 909 that drives the cam 908 to rotate; The guide rail 902 is slidably connected, and the traverse synchronous belt 904 is set on both sides of the transverse guide rail 902, and at the same time, there are synchronous belt connectors connected with the synchronous belt on both sides of the transverse slide seat 903, and the cam 908 The rotating shaft extends laterally to support the lifting slide 906 .
又参见图1至图4所示,收集平台1007设置于送料机构9的固定托架9011一侧,所述的取料机构10包括翻转取料头1001、带动翻转取料头1001翻转的翻转电机1002、平移升降取料头1003、带动平移升降取料头1003进行升降的取料头升降气缸1004、引导平移升降取料头1003沿固定托架9011以及收集平台1007之间移动的取料头平移滑轨1005和取料头平移气缸1006,其中所述的翻转取料头1001以及平移升降取料头1003均留有真空吸附孔。1 to 4, the collection platform 1007 is arranged on one side of the fixed bracket 9011 of the feeding mechanism 9, and the retrieving mechanism 10 includes a turning and retrieving head 1001, and a turning motor that drives the turning and retrieving head 1001 to turn over. 1002, translational lifting and retrieving head 1003, driving the translational lifting and retrieving head 1003 to lift the reclaiming head lifting cylinder 1004, guiding the translation and lifting the reclaiming head 1003 to move along the fixed bracket 9011 and the reclaiming platform 1007 The slide rail 1005 and the reclaiming head translation cylinder 1006, wherein the flipping reclaiming head 1001 and the translation lifting reclaiming head 1003 all have vacuum suction holes.
本实施例中,五栅光伏电池片串焊设备的工作过程如下:In this embodiment, the working process of the five-grid photovoltaic cell string welding equipment is as follows:
S1.通过人手将光伏电池片叠放在转盘式供料机构1的四个托盘102上,由于四工位转盘101仅有一个与机械手衔接的取料工位,即其余三个工位处于闲置状态,可利这三个工位的闲置时间将光伏电池片叠放在相应的托盘102上,当取料工位上的光伏电池片耗尽后通过旋转转盘切换工位,使满载光伏电池片的托盘102切入取料工位,原取料工位上的托盘102则切出到闲置工位放置光伏电池片,通过上述方式保障取料工位上的原料供应不间断。S1. Manually stack the photovoltaic cells on the four trays 102 of the turntable feeding mechanism 1. Since the four-station turntable 101 has only one pick-up station connected with the manipulator, the remaining three stations are idle. state, the idle time of these three stations can be used to stack the photovoltaic cells on the corresponding tray 102, and when the photovoltaic cells on the pick-up station are exhausted, the stations can be switched by rotating the turntable to make the photovoltaic cells fully loaded The tray 102 cut into the reclaiming station, the tray 102 on the original reclaiming station is then cut out to the idle station to place photovoltaic cells, and the uninterrupted supply of raw materials on the reclaiming station is guaranteed by the above method.
除了上述方式外,转盘式供料机构1还可以进行循环供料,具体地在四个托盘102上分别放入不同的光伏电池片,在工作时该四工位转盘101不断步进旋转使四个托盘102连续循环切换到取料工位,使该四种光伏电池片按顺序串焊在一起,实现拼片焊接。In addition to the above-mentioned methods, the turntable feeding mechanism 1 can also perform circular feeding, specifically put different photovoltaic cells on the four trays 102, and the four-station turntable 101 continuously rotates in steps to make the four trays 102 work. The three trays 102 are switched to the pick-up station in a continuous cycle, so that the four types of photovoltaic cell pieces are serially welded together in order to realize patchwork welding.
S2.机械手机构2中的升降机械手202沿转盘式供料机构1的方向滑动并使其中一个升降机械手202对准四工位转盘101的取料工位,另一升降机械手202则对准中转平台3,然后升降机械手202在机械手升降气缸2022的带动下下降直至两个升降机械手202利用其真空吸盘2023分别将取料工位以及中转平台3上的光伏电池片吸起,然后两升降机械手202共同在传动螺杆203以及机械手横移电机204的带动下反向横移,直至两机械手分别对准焊接机构8和中转平台3,最后升降机械手202下降放下光伏电池片。S2. The lifting manipulator 202 in the manipulator mechanism 2 slides along the direction of the turntable feeding mechanism 1 and aligns one of the lifting manipulators 202 with the reclaiming station of the four-station turntable 101, and the other lifting manipulator 202 is aimed at the transfer platform 3. Then the lifting manipulator 202 descends under the drive of the manipulator lifting cylinder 2022 until the two lifting manipulators 202 use their vacuum suction cups 2023 to respectively suck up the pick-up station and the photovoltaic cells on the transfer platform 3, and then the two lifting manipulators 202 jointly Driven by the transmission screw 203 and the manipulator traversing motor 204, it traverses in reverse until the two manipulators are respectively aligned with the welding mechanism 8 and the transfer platform 3, and finally the lifting manipulator 202 descends and puts down the photovoltaic cells.
S3.当光伏电池片放置在中转平台3上后,中转平台主体301和滑动平台302分别在X轴修正气缸304和Y轴修正气缸305的带动下沿X轴和Y轴方向滑动,直至中转平台主体301上的光伏电池片与X向定位挡板3031和Y向定位挡板3032抵触,从而完成对光伏电池片的定位,使光伏电池片准确处于预定位置上;此外利用一级加热模块对光伏电池片进行预热,可防止焊接时温度瞬时上升幅度过大造成光伏电池片过度形变。S3. After the photovoltaic cells are placed on the transfer platform 3, the transfer platform main body 301 and the sliding platform 302 are driven by the X-axis correction cylinder 304 and the Y-axis correction cylinder 305 to slide along the X-axis and Y-axis directions until the transfer platform The photovoltaic cell on the main body 301 is in conflict with the X-direction positioning baffle 3031 and the Y-direction positioning baffle 3032, thereby completing the positioning of the photovoltaic cell, so that the photovoltaic cell is accurately positioned at the predetermined position; The cells are preheated to prevent the excessive deformation of the photovoltaic cells caused by the excessive instantaneous temperature rise during welding.
S4.焊带从放卷机构4中放出后,先通过助焊机构6使助焊剂涂覆在焊带表面,然后利用拉带机构5可对焊带进行拉出,将焊带铺放在焊接平台802以及光伏电池片上,拉出时,支座横移电机带动拉带机构横向螺杆504旋转让夹头支座503移动至最前端并通过夹紧气缸502带动夹头501夹紧焊带的带头,随后横移电机带动拉带机构横向螺杆504反向旋转,让焊带随夹头支座503后移铺放至焊接平台802以及光伏电池片上。S4. After the welding ribbon is released from the unwinding mechanism 4, the flux is coated on the surface of the welding ribbon through the welding aid mechanism 6, and then the welding ribbon can be pulled out by the pulling mechanism 5, and the welding ribbon is laid on the welding surface. On the platform 802 and the photovoltaic cells, when pulling out, the support traverse motor drives the horizontal screw 504 of the pull belt mechanism to rotate so that the clamp support 503 moves to the front end and drives the clamp 501 to clamp the ribbon head through the clamping cylinder 502 , and then the traversing motor drives the horizontal screw 504 of the tape-drawing mechanism to reversely rotate, so that the soldering tape moves backward with the chuck support 503 and lays it on the welding platform 802 and the photovoltaic cells.
S5.每当拉带机构5将焊带拉出到其行程尽头后,每根焊带均有一段铺放在其中一块光伏电池片上表面,另一段焊带铺放在焊接平台802表面并被另一块光伏电池板压在其下方;随后助焊机构6中的输入端压焊带组604和输出端压焊带组605压紧焊带,同时焊带切断机构7的切刀在下切气缸的带动下下切将焊带切断,在其切断过程中输入端压焊带组604和输出端压焊带组605起到对了焊带固定以及消取应力的作用,防止焊带在切断时位置偏离和形变。S5. Whenever the ribbon pulling mechanism 5 pulls out the ribbon to the end of its stroke, a section of each ribbon is laid on the upper surface of one of the photovoltaic cells, and the other ribbon is laid on the surface of the welding platform 802 and is placed on the surface of the welding platform 802 by another A photovoltaic panel is pressed below it; then the input end pressure welding strip group 604 and the output end pressure welding strip group 605 in the welding aid mechanism 6 press the welding strip, and the cutter of the welding strip cutting mechanism 7 is driven by the lower cutting cylinder The lower cutting cuts off the welding ribbon. During the cutting process, the input-end pressure-welding belt group 604 and the output-end pressure-welding belt group 605 play a role in fixing the welding belt and removing stress, preventing the welding belt from deviating from the position and deformation.
S6.光伏电池片在焊接平台802中被固定区域8021和移料块8022上的真空吸附孔吸附固定位置,并利用内藏在固定区域8021内的二级加热模块对光伏电池片进行预热;焊接机构8中的升降焊接头801在丝杆的带动下下降并进行曝光,使焊带受高温熔融从而粘合相邻的光伏电池片。S6. The photovoltaic cells are fixed in the welding platform 802 by the vacuum adsorption holes on the fixed area 8021 and the material transfer block 8022, and the photovoltaic cells are preheated by the secondary heating module built in the fixed area 8021; The lifting welding head 801 in the welding mechanism 8 descends and exposes under the drive of the screw rod, so that the welding ribbon is melted by high temperature to bond adjacent photovoltaic cells.
S7.光伏电池片每完成一次焊接后,移料块8022都会带动焊接平台802上的光伏电池片进行顶升横移,使光伏电池片向前移动一个工位。在本实施例中移料块8022受送料机构9的活动托杆901带动进行顶升横移的动作。由于固定区域8021内开有真空释放孔8023,当固定区域8021内的真空吸附孔停止真空吸附时,空气可从真空释放孔8023进入真空吸附孔的腔室内,使腔室内的压力快速与外界平衡,从而消除固定区域8021内真空吸附孔对光伏电池片的吸附作用,确保光伏电池片能顺利地被移料块8022以顶升横移的方式向前输送,提高生产加工的效率,也较少光伏电池片在输送过程中因固定区域8021内真空吸附孔的吸附作用消除不彻底而造成的损伤。S7. After each welding of the photovoltaic cells is completed, the material transfer block 8022 will drive the photovoltaic cells on the welding platform 802 to lift and move horizontally, so that the photovoltaic cells move forward by one station. In this embodiment, the moving block 8022 is driven by the movable support rod 901 of the feeding mechanism 9 to carry out the action of jacking up and moving laterally. Because there is a vacuum release hole 8023 in the fixed area 8021, when the vacuum adsorption hole in the fixed area 8021 stops vacuum adsorption, the air can enter the chamber of the vacuum adsorption hole from the vacuum release hole 8023, so that the pressure in the chamber can quickly balance with the outside world , so as to eliminate the adsorption effect of the vacuum adsorption holes in the fixed area 8021 on the photovoltaic cells, ensure that the photovoltaic cells can be smoothly transported forward by the moving block 8022 in the way of jacking and lateral movement, and improve the efficiency of production and processing, and less The damage caused by incomplete elimination of the adsorption of the vacuum adsorption holes in the fixing area 8021 during the transportation of the photovoltaic cells.
S8.送料机构9通过顶升横移的方式对光伏电池片进行输送,其具体的过程如下:凸轮驱动电机909驱动凸轮908旋转,利用凸轮908对升降滑座906进行周期性顶升从而使传动杆以及移料块8022升起托举光伏电池片,同时横移驱动电机905带动同步带运转驱动横向滑座903沿横向导轨902滑动,传动杆以及移料块8022随横向滑座903横移,并带动光伏电池片向前移动,通过上述方式输送光伏电池片向前输送。S8. The feeding mechanism 9 transports the photovoltaic cells by lifting and moving horizontally. The specific process is as follows: the cam drive motor 909 drives the cam 908 to rotate, and the cam 908 is used to periodically lift the lifting slide 906 so that the transmission The rod and the material shifting block 8022 are lifted to lift the photovoltaic cells, and at the same time, the lateral movement drive motor 905 drives the synchronous belt to run and drives the horizontal sliding seat 903 to slide along the horizontal guide rail 902, and the transmission rod and the material moving block 8022 move laterally with the horizontal sliding seat 903. And drive the photovoltaic cells to move forward, and transport the photovoltaic cells forward through the above method.
S9.利用取料机构10可将串焊好的光伏电池片从送料机构9上取出并放置在收集平台1007上进行堆叠,其具体的过程如下:首先翻转取料头1001在翻转电机1002的带动下翻转,使其具有真空吸附孔的一面朝下,然后送料机构9的活动托杆901在凸轮908带动下顶升使串焊好的光伏电池片与翻转取料头1001贴近,翻转取料头1001通过真空吸附作用将光伏电池片吸起并翻转使其对准平移升降取料头1003下方,平移升降取料头1003在取料头升降气缸1004的带动下下降直至其紧贴光伏电池片,然后平移升降取料头1003将光伏电池片吸起并在取料头升降气缸1004的带动下升起,然后取料头平移气缸1006带动平移升降取料头1003平移至收集平台1007上方,最后平移升降取料头1003下降并取消真空吸附使光伏电池片转移至收集平台1007上。S9. Utilize the retrieving mechanism 10 to take out the photovoltaic cell sheets welded in series from the feeding mechanism 9 and place them on the collecting platform 1007 for stacking. The specific process is as follows: first, the retrieving head 1001 is turned over and driven by the turning motor 1002 Flip down so that the side with the vacuum adsorption hole faces down, and then the movable support bar 901 of the feeding mechanism 9 is driven by the cam 908 to lift up so that the photovoltaic cells that have been welded in series are close to the flipping pick-up head 1001, and the flipping pick-up The head 1001 sucks up the photovoltaic cells through vacuum adsorption and flips them over to align them with the lower part of the lifting head 1003. The lifting head 1003 is driven down by the lifting cylinder 1004 until it clings to the photovoltaic cells. , and then lift the pick-up head 1003 to suck up the photovoltaic cells and lift it up under the drive of the lift cylinder 1004 of the pick-up head, and then move the pick-up head 1003 to the top of the collection platform 1007 driven by the lift cylinder 1006 of the pick-up head, and finally The lifting and retrieving head 1003 is moved down and the vacuum adsorption is cancelled, so that the photovoltaic cells are transferred to the collecting platform 1007 .
以上所述之实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下,都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案作出更多可能的变动和润饰,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。故凡未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明之思路所作的等同等效变化,均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围内。The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Any person familiar with the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can use the technical content disclosed above to make more possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes . Therefore, all equivalent and equivalent changes made according to the ideas of the present invention that do not deviate from the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
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