CN107168735A - A kind of method of automatic deployment windows systems - Google Patents
A kind of method of automatic deployment windows systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN107168735A CN107168735A CN201710291669.4A CN201710291669A CN107168735A CN 107168735 A CN107168735 A CN 107168735A CN 201710291669 A CN201710291669 A CN 201710291669A CN 107168735 A CN107168735 A CN 107168735A
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- windows
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- windows systems
- isolinux
- automatic deployment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/60—Software deployment
Abstract
A kind of method of automatic deployment windows systems, comprises the following steps:Windows deployment examples are carried out templated;Generate windows deployment masterplate disk mirroring files;Customize isolinux;It is encapsulated as the iso files of automatic deployment windows systems.The method of the present invention, the deployment scheme for the different OS types that unitized on a large scale for enterprise provides base layer support, makes being greatly improved for OS production efficiencys, reduces enterprise's IT maintenance costs;Enterprises are made to become very comfortable when flow, automation plateform system are integrated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to IT infrastructure O&M technical field, more particularly to a kind of method of deployment operation system.
Background technology
In IT infrastructure O&M field, operating system(Operating System, OS)Production is one most basic
Demand, operation maintenance personnel is disposed the OS of all types of and version by business demand and is delivered for use, and conventional embodiment has:
1st, install by hand, machine quantity is less and business demand is relative solidify in the case of, this mode can meet need substantially
Ask.
2nd, a kind of Kickstart schemes, the deployment scheme released by redhat manufacturers is equally used as base based on isolinux
Plinth is guided, and enables a set of anaconda system as redhat series OS standard mount scheme, it can be advance by user
The information for needing user to input in deployment installation process is defined, then configures real by automatic read from file of anaconda
Existing unattended duty deployment.Such a mode can be used for deployment linux class systems, and windows deployment is not supported.
3rd, PXE network designs mode, this mode needs network interface card hardware supported, on the basis of kickstart, can be achieved
Network automatically dispose, general principle be machine from PXE startup after, network interface card by dhcp obtain ip, and then be connected to deployment clothes
Business device obtains isolinux Boot Dernels, and then is disposed from distal end acquisition OS mirror images, and such a mode can be very good solution
The certainly demand of the extensive automatically dispose of enterprise, but it is mainly used in the deployment of linux class systems.Which is not supported
The deployment of windows systems.
4th, WAIK deployment way, i.e. Windows Automated Installation Kit(The automatic erectors of Windows
Tool bag)Abbreviation, by official of Microsoft provide be used for IT professionals carry out windows systems centralized and automatic dispose solve
Scheme.System is guided using WINPE as standard, in addition with SIM(System image manager), Sysprep instruments, ImageX
Deng a whole set of Microsoft's instrument, this scheme only supports the deployment of windows systems.
Viewed from above, current industry OS deployment schemes are using linux and windows as division, from the point of view of bottom
ISOLINUX installs boot environment as the standard of linux class systems;WINPE is installed as the standard of windows systems and guided
Environment, it is separate.
And with the development of internet, IT infrastructure resource is increasingly huge, looked forward in telecommunications enterprise and Large-Scale Interconnected net
In industry, often possess thousands of or even hundreds thousand of server hardware devices, IT operation maintenance personnels must dispose all types of on demand
With the operating system of version, the production capacity of OS deployment has influence on the efficiency of server resource delivery and the quality of whole O&M, and then
Influence is produced on business support.For linux class OS products, enterprise uses Redhat's in extensive automatically dispose
Kickstart schemes are realized, greatly improve production efficiency;And for windows platforms, because its closure enterprise is implementing big
Selectivity is few in scale automatically dispose, the WAIK external members that official of Microsoft can only be used to provide, and environmental structure is with implementing complicated
Degree is high, it is important to can not with linux Platform integrations, enterprise can not use unified solution come large scale deployment linux,
The two kinds of OS of windows.
To make the unified plan scheme in enterprise implement, it is necessary to design a kind of new scheme, but allow windows schemes to go
Compatible linux is impossible, and path is only left to remove compatible windows with linux scheme.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the deficiency of prior art presence, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of automatic deployment windows systems
The method of system, the automatic deployment of windows systems is realized based on ISOLINUX, it is to avoid enterprise repeats in large scale deployment implementation
The problems such as work, complicated action type.
To achieve the above object, the method for the automatic deployment windows systems that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps:
Windows deployment examples are carried out templated;
Generate windows deployment masterplate disk mirroring files;
Customize isolinux;
It is encapsulated as the iso files of automatic deployment windows systems.
Further, it is described templated to the progress of windows deployment examples, further comprise the steps:To installed in
System on virtual machine carries out initial configuration, generates template instances;Create the answer file of windows deployment;Vague generalization is pacified
Example is filled, windows deployment masterplate is formed.
Further, the answer file of the establishment windows deployment, is to use SIM in WAIK to create windows deployment
Answer file.
Further, the vague generalization Installation Example, is to use the templated Installation Example of sysprep instruments.
Further, the generation windows deployment masterplate disk mirroring file, further comprises the steps:Start
Linux system, and hang over the disk for being mounted with windows systems;Windows systems installation subregion is mirrored into.
Further, it is described to be mirrored into windows systems installation subregion, it is to use sysprep instruments, is to use
Ntfsclone instruments, whole windows systems installation subregion is mirrored into.
Further, the customization isolinux, further comprises the steps:On linux machines, from standard
Solution extrudes initrd.img files in isolinux versions;Windows masterplate mirror images are directly returned to machine disk by making
Installation script;During the installation script is put into the bibliographic structure pressed out from initrd solutions, and/sbin/ is write into path
In loader;The initrd changed is encapsulated, the isolinux customized is formed.
Further, the iso files for being encapsulated as automatic deployment windows systems, are that windows is disposed into masterplate
Disk mirroring file, the isolinux customized are packaged as standard iso image files.
The method of the automatic deployment windows systems of the present invention, compared with present main flow deployment way, topmost advantage
It is that unitized on a large scale for the enterprise deployment scheme of different OS types provides base layer support.Specifically, draw relative to WINPE
Installation windows schemes are led, are had the advantage that:
Dispose efficiency high:Because inside realizes that core is that the disk sector mirror image of windows masterplates is done by ntfsclone modes
Replicate, thus it is very fast in installation rate, three times faster than ghost are surveyed, more than 5 times faster than windows mounting means, this is
OS production efficiencys are greatly improved.
It is easy to IT to safeguard:Use after ISOLINUX guidance modes, kickstart that can be with linux in enterprises
Scheme is integrated, and IT personnel need not go to build and safeguard two sets of platforms for two sets of OS types, only need a set of platform to unify
Two kinds of main flow OS of windows, linux deployment production, is that enterprise IT maintenances are reduced into similar to the integration of flow production line
This.
It is easy to integrate:After ISOLINUX modes, IT personnel can carry out free customization to deployment process and be incorporated into whole
In the lifecycle management flow of individual infrastructure resources, enterprises become when flow, automation plateform system are integrated
Very comfortable, this closes source scheme using Microsoft to reach.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
Obtain it is clear that or being understood by implementing the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes a part for specification, and with the present invention's
Embodiment together, for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the automatic deployment windows systems according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is SIM user interface schematic diagrames;
Fig. 3 is mirror image installation script schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the deployment design sketch according to the present invention.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it will be appreciated that preferred reality described herein
Apply example to be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The method of the automatic deployment windows systems of the present invention, its realization principle is:First, one is disposed on demand
Windows system examples and vague generalization system generation example masterplate;It is image file by stamp fabrication, builds the first of isolinux
Beginningization memory mirror;The installation script of a set of self-starting is realized wherein, by above windows masterplates mirror image and customization
Isolinux is encapsulated as iso;Be made as after dvd can automatically dispose, or use network environment, realize that long-range pxe is automatic
Deployment, wherein, the technical scheme being related to mainly has:
1、Sysprep(System preparation tool)
The system preparation tool that Sysprep provides for Microsoft, need to carry out windows deployment examples image copying it
Before, generally require to this example carry out it is templated, that is, remove the unique information of its deployment examples so that this masterplate can be replicated
Onto other machines, the present invention uses this instrument to do early-stage preparations for the generation of OS masterplates.
2nd, WSIM creates answer file
That is Windows system images manager, the present invention is created using this instrument during windows system installation and deployment
The answer file of the every user input needed, similar to kickstart answer file, so that nobody of installation process does
In advance.
3、Ntfsclone
Nftsclone is a hard disk mirror-image instrument under linux platforms, and it can realize the clone of efficient sector level,
Can safety backup, the recovery operation for ntfs file system, this exactly we needs excellent instrument, in our system
Realized during mirror image stamp fabrication with it, mirror image masterplate is recovered using it to machine again when using masterplate installation and deployment.
4th, Initrd.img is built
For isolinux, based on a standard edition, change, i.e. customization initialization memory disk mirror image, need here according to demand
By ntfsclone instruments, start installation script etc. and be packed into account, ultimately produce initrd.img image files.This is structure
Build the basis of isolinux file system.
5th, ISO is encapsulated
Finally, the image file of windows masterplates, isolinux image file are integrated together, and encapsulated using instrument
For a complete iso file, user is dvd using this iso imprinting or uses network mode, you can realize windows systems
Automatically dispose, deployment process be similar to linux textual interfaces installation.
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the automatic deployment windows systems according to the present invention, below with reference to Fig. 1, to this hair
The method of bright automatic deployment windows systems is described in detail.
The present embodiment will make a unattended duty deployment windows server using isolinux as guidance mode
2008 r2 dvd install mediums are case, and each several part implementation process is understood in detail.
First, in step 101, the r2 of windows server 2008 deployment masterplate is made.
In this step, system is first installed on a virtual machine, and carries out initial configuration on demand, this OS is just
It is used as masterplate example;Then the answer file of windows automatic deployments needs is generated using an external member SIM in WAIK;
Fig. 2 is SIM user interface schematic diagrames, as shown in Fig. 2 can easily be created that installation is answered using the visual interface of SIM user
Case file, saves as autounattend.xml, can after mounting be started by configuring Command sections of Synchronous from
The bat scripts of definition, finally by answer file copy to Installation Example system C packing catalogues;Then sysprep instruments are used
Vague generalization Installation Example, i.e., it is templated.Performed in cmd following:
cd C:\Windows\System32\sysprep
sysprep.exe /shutdown /oobe /generalize /unattend:
c:\autounattend.xml。
System, which will be automatically performed after oobe processes, to shut down, and the system on this machine hard disk is a windows since then
Deployment masterplate.
In step 102, masterplate disk mirroring file is generated.In the step, on the basis of previous step, using with
The cd disks of livecd functions are mounted with the disk of windows systems to start in a Linux system, and the good previous step of carry.
Using ntfsclone instruments, whole windows systems installation subregion is mirrored into, specific instructions are as follows:
dd if=/dev/sda of=/win-img/win2k8.mbr bs=512 count=1
Mbr is mirrored to file win2k8.mbr above
ntfsclone --save-image --output /win-img/win2k8.part1 /dev/sda1
First subregion of disk is mirrored to file win2k8.part1 above
ntfsclone --save-image --output /win-img/win2k8.part2 /dev/sda2
Second subregion of disk is mirrored to file win2k8.part2 above
So far, the windows deployment masterplate mirror images required for us have completely prepared for.
In step 103, isolinux is customized.In this step, a standard isolinux version is prepared first, one
Xz-dc initrd.img are used on platform linux machines | cpio-id orders press out initrd.img file solutions, by
Automatic after machine is guided from isolinux installation task is performed in us, need exist for writing an installation script, realization
Function is that windows masterplate mirror images are directly returned into machine disk.Fig. 3 is mirror image installation script schematic diagram, as shown in figure 3,
During this script is put into the bibliographic structure pressed out from initrd solutions, and path write/sbin/loader in.Finally we
Encapsulate the initrd changed.
find . | cpio -c -o | xz -9 --format=lzma > initrd.img
So far, the customization of isolinux mirror images is completed.
In step 104, final iso is encapsulated as.In this step, mkisofs instruments are used under linux, by step
The windows of 101-103 generations installs masterplate mirror image, the isolinux of customization and is packaged as standard iso image files:
mkisofs -o /data/myw2k8r2.iso/data/myw2k8r2/
So far we deliver one and are guided by isolinux, the r2 systems of automatic deployment windows server 2008
Iso files.
Fig. 4 is the deployment design sketch according to the present invention, as shown in figure 4, being dvd by the iso files imprinting of generation, in machine
Upper test, from unattended duty, automatic deployment windows after dvd startups.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that:It the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and without
In the limitation present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art
For, it can still be modified to the technical scheme that foregoing embodiments are recorded, or which part technical characteristic is entered
Row equivalent substitution.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of automatic deployment windows systems, comprises the following steps:
Windows deployment examples are carried out templated;
Generate windows deployment masterplate disk mirroring files;
Customize isolinux;
It is encapsulated as the iso files of automatic deployment windows systems.
2. the method for automatic deployment windows systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to windows portions
Affix one's name to example progress templated, further comprise the steps:Initial configuration, generation are carried out to the system installed on a virtual machine
Template instances;Create the answer file of windows deployment;Vague generalization Installation Example, forms windows deployment masterplate.
3. the method for automatic deployment windows systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the establishment windows
The answer file of deployment, is to use SIM in WAIK to create the answer file that windows is disposed.
4. the method for automatic deployment windows systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the vague generalization is installed
Example, is to use the templated Installation Example of sysprep instruments.
5. the method for automatic deployment windows systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the generation windows
Masterplate disk mirroring file is disposed, is further comprised the steps:Start Linux system, and hang over and be mounted with windows systems
Disk;Windows systems installation subregion is mirrored into.
6. the method for automatic deployment windows systems according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described by windows systems
System is installed subregion and is mirrored into, and is to use sysprep instruments, is to use ntfsclone instruments, whole windows systems are pacified
Dress subregion is mirrored into.
7. the method for automatic deployment windows systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the customization
Isolinux, further comprises the steps:On linux machines, solve and extrude from standard isolinux versions
Initrd.img files;Make the installation script that windows masterplate mirror images are directly returned to machine disk;By the installation foot
Originally in being put into the bibliographic structure pressed out from initrd solutions, and path write/sbin/loader in;What encapsulation was changed
Initrd, forms the isolinux customized.
8. the method for automatic deployment windows systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to be encapsulated as automatically
The iso files of windows systems are disposed, are that windows is disposed into masterplate disk mirroring file, the isolinux customized packings
For standard iso image files.
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CN107766056A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-06 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | One kind is used for Windows mirror images customization method and system |
CN109918096A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-21 | 浪潮商用机器有限公司 | A kind of installation method of server operating system, system and associated component |
CN111596964A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-28 | 深圳忆联信息系统有限公司 | Method and device for realizing batch deployment of Windows systems based on wireless network |
CN112817612A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-18 | 深圳忆联信息系统有限公司 | Automatic deployment method and device for multiple operating systems, computer equipment and storage medium |
CN113568628A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-29 | 成都安恒信息技术有限公司 | ISO automatic production method based on debian system |
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