CN107165573B - The interlocking-type hammer valve system of hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of drilling machinery and specifically discloses an interlocking hammer valve mechanism that can improve the working performance of a hydraulic impactor. The outer card is in the limit pad; a positioning sleeve is provided between the bottom surface of the boss in the middle of the drainage tube and the limit pad; The valve is slidingly matched with the inner hole of the upper joint of the hammer rod, the top of the hammer rod is fixedly connected with the upper joint of the hammer, and the hammer rod and the upper joint of the hammer form a hammer assembly; the lower part of the hammer rod is provided with an impact anvil, and the hammer The bottom of the rod is covered with a lower cylinder liner; the top of the outer pipe is covered with the bottom of the upper joint, and the bottom of the outer pipe is covered with the impact anvil. The hammer-valve interlock mechanism in the present invention improves the closing and sealing performance of the hammer and the live valve of the hydraulic impactor, ensures the synchronous coordination and reliability of the combination of the hammer and valve, and improves the utilization rate of water energy and the work of the hydraulic impactor. performance.

Description

Interlocking Hammer Valve Mechanism for Improving Performance of Hydraulic Impactor

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of drilling machinery, and in particular relates to a valve control mechanism of a hydraulic impactor used in the fields of geological and mineral resource drilling, oil drilling, hydrological water well drilling and engineering construction.

Background technique

The valve-type double-acting hydraulic impactor is the most researched and most widely used hydraulic impactor. It is installed on the rotary drilling tool as an auxiliary rock breaking tool and is widely used in drilling and drilling fields. It is beneficial to improve drilling efficiency, increase the rate of core recovery, prevent the jamming of drilling tools in broken rock formations, increase the service life of drill bits, and control the deviation of drilling holes. It makes use of the difference in area or the pressure difference generated by the negative pressure entrainment of the jet, so that the live valve reaches the upper limit position before the hammer rod, and then the hammer rod goes up and collides with the live valve to close, closing the water channel, so that on the impactor The cavity generates a huge water hammer pressure, and the water hammer pressure acts on the upper end surface of the hammer rod and the live valve to generate a downward thrust, pushing the hammer rod and the live valve to go down together, and the live valve stops under the action of the lower limit device, and the hammer Under the action of inertial force, the rod continues to go down for a free stroke and then hits the anvil. This process goes back and forth to perform impact work. From the above working principle, if the hydraulic impactor wants to play the best performance, two conditions must be guaranteed: one is to ensure that the hammer rod and the live valve can be closed instantly and not separated at the end of the upward stroke; the other is to ensure that the hammer rod and the live valve The valves move synchronously during the downstroke, not disengaging early resulting in an early return stroke. However, in the valve control mechanism of the existing hydraulic impactor technology, the live valve adopts an equal-diameter structure. In practical applications, due to the quality of processing, the viscosity of the flushing fluid, and the sand content, the closing of the hammer and the live valve is not tight. The valve is separated in advance, which leads to problems such as unstable impact frequency, power reduction, low water energy utilization rate, and decreased working performance of the impactor.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an interlocking hammer valve mechanism that can improve the working performance of the hydraulic impactor, to ensure the reliable coordination between the hammer rod and the live valve in the stroke and return process, and to solve the problem of the existing double-acting valve mechanism. During the working process of the hydraulic impactor, the hammer valve is separated early and the technology is not closed tightly, which can improve the working reliability of the hydraulic impactor, improve the utilization rate of water energy, and improve the working performance of the hydraulic impactor.

The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention: an interlocking hammer valve mechanism that can improve the working performance of the hydraulic impactor, the interlocking hammer valve mechanism includes an upper joint, a drainage tube, a positioning sleeve, a limit pad, and an upper guide sleeve , the live valve, the upper joint of the hammer rod, the outer pipe, the hammer rod, the lower cylinder sleeve and the impact anvil, the upper part of the drainage tube is inserted into the bottom of the upper joint, the lower part of the drainage tube is inserted into the top of the live valve, and the top of the live valve is clamped In the limit pad; a positioning sleeve is provided between the bottom surface of the boss in the middle of the drainage tube and the limit pad; the lower part of the live valve is provided with a hammer rod, and the live valve and the punch rod are covered with an upper joint of the hammer rod. There is a sliding fit in the inner hole of the upper joint of the hammer rod, the top of the hammer rod is fixedly connected with the upper joint of the hammer rod, and the hammer rod and the upper joint of the hammer rod form a hammer assembly; the lower part of the hammer rod is provided with an impact anvil, and the hammer The bottom of the rod is covered with a lower cylinder liner; the top of the outer pipe is covered with the bottom of the upper joint, and the bottom of the outer pipe is covered with the impact anvil.

The upper joint and the upper part of the drainage tube adopt a plug-in sliding sealing structure, the outer diameter of the upper end of the drainage tube is slidingly and sealingly matched with the inner hole of the upper joint, and a sealing ring is arranged in the middle of the matching surface.

The upper joint and the outer pipe are rigidly connected by threads.

The upper guide sleeve has a tower-shaped structure and is installed in the inner hole below the connecting thread at the upper end of the outer tube. The outer diameter of the upper guide sleeve is in sliding and sealing fit with the inner hole of the outer tube. The upper guide sleeve is positioned by the limit step of the inner hole of the outer tube. The circumference is provided with side drainage holes.

The live valve adopts a core valve structure, and the live valve is installed in the center of the hammer assembly; there is a water hole in the center of the live valve, the bottom is closed, the bottom surface is processed with a counterbore, and the side of the lower section is provided with a side drain hole; The holes are in sliding sealing fit with the outer diameter of the drain tube.

The upper part of the live valve is a "work" shaped structure, the small diameter part and the outer diameter of the valve are coaxial structures, and the small diameter part of the live valve "work" shaped structure is installed in the U-shaped slot of the limit pad 5, and the "U" shaped The card slot hole is matched with the small diameter and outer diameter of the live valve, and the live valve can move freely up and down in the "U" shaped card slot, relying on the lower edge of the upper end step of the "work" shaped structure of the live valve and the "U" shaped groove of the limit pad. The upper end face is limited.

The live valve has a bottom shoulder, and the outer diameter of the bottom shoulder is larger than the outer diameter of the live valve.

The spacer pad is a circular pad with a "U"-shaped slot in the center.

The upper joint of the hammer rod and the hammer rod are connected by threads, and the joint part adopts a cone-contained structure.

The outer circumference of the upper end of the upper joint of the hammer rod is processed with a longitudinal water guide and sand discharge groove; the lower end surface of the live valve and the upper end surface of the hammer rod have a free stroke distance H, and an annular cavity is formed between the hammer rod and the outer pipe. A side drainage channel is formed between the cylinder liner and the outer pipe, the middle and lower part of the hammer rod has a throttling hole, and the middle part of the impact anvil has a drain hole.

Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: The interlocking hammer valve mechanism provided by the present invention, which can improve the working performance of the hydraulic impactor, is designed with an annular interlocking receiving mechanism on the matching space between the hammer rod of the hydraulic impactor and the live valve. The force mechanism uses the fluid hydraulic pressure to form an interlocking force to ensure the reliability and sealing of the hammer valve. The interlocking force formed by the interlocking hammer valve mechanism keeps the hammer rod and the live valve reliably combined during the downward stroke of the hydraulic impactor hammer and the live valve. During the upward return process of the rod, the moment the hammer rod and the live valve are closed, the interlock mechanism can make the hammer rod and the live valve close quickly, thereby generating a huge water hammer pressure, and avoiding the hammer due to rebound when the hammer and the valve are closed. , The valve is not closed tightly, reducing the water hammer pressure phenomenon, and affecting the output performance of the hydraulic impactor. The hammer-valve interlocking mechanism in the present invention improves the closing and sealing performance of the hammer rod of the hydraulic impactor and the live valve, ensures the synchronous coordination and reliability of the hammer-valve combination, and improves the utilization rate of water energy and the safety of the hydraulic impactor. work performance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the interlocking hammer valve mechanism provided by the present invention which can improve the working performance of the hydraulic impactor.

In the figure: 1, upper joint; 2, sealing ring; 3, drainage tube; 4, positioning sleeve; 5, limit pad; 6, upper guide sleeve; 7, live valve; 8, upper joint of hammer rod; Outer tube; 10, hammer rod; 11, lower cylinder liner; 12, impact anvil; 16, lower side drainage hole; 17, bottom shoulder; 18, free travel distance H; 19, annular cavity; 20, thin Thread; 21, throttling hole; 22, side drainage channel; 23, weep hole.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the interlocking hammer valve mechanism provided by the present invention can improve the working performance of the hydraulic impactor. The interlocking hammer valve mechanism includes an upper joint 1, a sealing ring 2, a drainage tube 3, and a positioning sleeve 4 , limit pad 5, upper guide sleeve 6, live valve 7, upper joint 8 of the hammer rod, outer pipe 9, hammer rod 10, lower cylinder liner 11, impact anvil 12. The upper joint 1 and the outer pipe 9 are rigidly connected by thread, and the lower part of the connecting thread of the outer pipe 9 is processed with an inner hole concentric with the diameter of the thread and a limit step. The upper guide sleeve 6 is put into the inner hole from the upper opening of the outer pipe 9 Inside, the outer diameter of the upper guide sleeve 6 is sliding and sealed with the inner hole of the outer tube 9 that is installed in cooperation, and the upper guide sleeve 6 is positioned by the limit step of the inner hole of the outer tube 9 .

The upper joint 1 and the upper part of the drainage tube 3 adopt an insertion fit structure, and the outer diameter of the upper end of the drainage tube 3 and the inner hole of the upper joint 1 adopt a sliding sealing fit, and a sealing ring 2 is designed in the middle to prevent fluid leakage and pressure relief, and ensure that the drilling fluid passes through the drainage tube effectively 3 into the live valve 7.

The upper joint 8 of the punching hammer is connected with the punching hammer rod 10 by a fine tooth thread 20, and the joint part adopts (15°～45°) a top-cone containment structure to prevent the loosening of the punching hammer rod 10 when it hits.

There is a water hole in the center of the live valve 7, the bottom is closed, the bottom surface is processed with a counterbore, and the side of the lower section is provided with a side drain hole 16; "Shaped structure, the small diameter part and the valve outer diameter of live valve 7 belong to the coaxial structure. As shown in the sectional view A-A of Fig. 1, the limit pad (5) is a circular pad with a "U"-shaped slot in the center, and the small-diameter section of the "work"-shaped structure of the live valve 7 is installed on the "U" of the limit pad 5. In the card slot, there is a gap of 0.1mm to 1.0mm between the “U”-shaped card slot hole and the small diameter of the live valve. The live valve 7 can move freely up and down in the “U”-shaped card slot. The lower edge surface of the upper end of the "shaped structure is limited with the upper end surface of the "U" shaped draw-in groove of the spacer pad 5.

The lower end of the live valve 7 has a bottom shoulder 17, and the outer diameter of the bottom shoulder 17 is greater than the valve body diameter of the live valve 7. When looking down from the upper end of the valve body, the bottom shoulder 17 has an annular area; The maximum outer diameter of the "shaped structure part is consistent with the outer diameter of the live valve 7, and is slidingly matched with the inner hole of the upper joint 8 of the hammer; when installing the live valve 7, the upper part of the live valve 7 is first pierced through the inner hole of the upper joint 8 of the hammer , and then the upper joint 8 of the hammer is connected with the hammer rod 10 by threads to become a hammer assembly.

The upper guide sleeve 6 is designed with a spacer pad positioning step, and the lower end surface of the spacer pad 5 is installed on the positioning step of the guide sleeve 6, and the upper end surface is pressed and positioned by the positioning sleeve 4 to keep fixed.

The upper end of the guide sleeve 6 is designed with an inner hole step for installing the drainage tube 3. The end surface of the inner hole step is flush with the upper end surface of the positioning sleeve 4. After the drainage tube 3 is installed in place, the lower end surface of the shoulder of the drainage tube 3 is aligned with the upper end surface of the positioning sleeve 4. Snug fit.

The circumference of the guide sleeve 6 is provided with a side drain hole 14. When the hammer assembly composed of the upper joint 8 of the hammer and the hammer rod 10 and the live valve 7 reciprocate, the fluid in the upper cavity of the guide sleeve 6 is discharged and replenished through the side drain hole 14.

The outer circle of the upper part joint 8 of the hammer is processed with a longitudinal water guide and sand discharge groove 15, which can reduce the frictional resistance between it and the inner hole wall of the guide sleeve 6, and can effectively prevent the silt from being stuck in the flushing liquid.

The inner hole of the lower cylinder sleeve 11 and the outer circle of the lower end of the hammer rod 10 are sliding and sealingly matched, and the matching gap is 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm, and a sliding sealing is formed between the two. The lower end of the hammer rod 10 is equivalent to a piston, which can slide up and down in the lower cylinder sleeve 11 .

Between the lower cylinder liner 11 and the impact anvil 12 is a sliding sealing fit.

The hammer rod 10 reciprocates up and down, and periodically hits the impact anvil 12, and the striking force is transmitted to the drill bit of the hydraulic impactor through the anvil 12 to perform rock-breaking work.

The impact anvil 12 and the inner hole of the end of the outer tube 9 are clearance fit, the impact anvil 12 is installed in the inner hole of the outer tube 9 end, and the impact anvil 12 is positioned by the shoulder b of the inner hole of the outer tube 9 .

An annular cavity 19 is formed between the hammer rod 10 and the outer pipe 9 , and a side drainage channel 22 is formed between the lower cylinder sleeve 11 and the outer pipe 9 . The lower part of the hammer rod 10 has a throttle hole 21, and the middle part of the impact anvil 12 has a drain hole 23.

The working process of the interlocking hammer valve mechanism that can improve the working performance of the hydraulic impactor provided by the present invention:

Fig. 1 is the initial working state of the interlocking hammer valve mechanism provided by the present invention which can improve the working performance of the hydraulic impactor. The upper end surface of the hammer rod 10 has a free stroke distance H18 (3mm-30mm). The fluid passes through the inner hole channel of the drill string of the hydraulic impactor, passes through the inner hole of the upper joint 1, and enters the center hole of the live valve 7 through the center hole 13 of the drainage pipe 3. 7. The free stroke gap H between the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the hammer rod 10 enters the lower piston cavity a through the central water hole of the hammer rod 10. Due to the throttling effect of the throttle hole 21 on the hammer rod 10, the lower The pressure in the piston chamber a increases, because the hammer rod 10 communicates with the annular cavity 19 of the outer tube 9 through the outer drainage channel 22 of the lower cylinder sleeve 11, the drain hole 23 of the impact anvil 12 and the central water hole of the impact anvil 12, The liquid flow in the annular cavity 19 is connected with the low-pressure area outside the outer tube 9, and the liquid pressure generated by the liquid flow on the lower end surface of the hammer rod 10 is greater than that on the outside of the hammer rod 10. Therefore, the upper and lower ends of the live valve 7 and the pressure caused by the hammer The upper and lower ends of the hammer assembly composed of the upper joint 8 and the hammer rod 10 generate a pressure difference. Because the mass of the live valve 7 is much smaller than that of the hammer assembly, the live valve 7 goes up before the hammer assembly under the action of the pressure difference. 7 stop motion. Subsequently, the hammer assembly moves upwards under the action of the pressure difference. When the upper end surface of the hammer rod 10 collides with the lower end surface of the live valve 7, the joint surface of the live valve 7 and the upper end surface of the hammer rod 10 is in a sealed state. The free stroke H flows through the liquid flow channel at the center of the hammer rod 10, and the annular space formed by the outer diameter of the live valve 7 and the inner hole of the joint 8 on the hammer rod and the fluid pressure inside the live valve 7 suddenly rise (water hammer effect ), due to the existence of the annular area at the bottom shoulder 17 of the live valve 7, two forces in opposite directions are formed to push the live valve 7 downward and to push the hammer assembly upward, and the opposite effects in these two directions Under force, the live valve 7 and the hammer rod 10 are closely attached together, which strengthens the sealing effect of the valve and the hammer end, and ensures that the water hammer pressure does not dissipate. Because the central waterway is cut off instantly, the huge water hammer pressure makes the live valve 7 and the hammer live valve assembly go down quickly and start stroke motion.

Due to the advantages of the interlocking hammer valve mechanism of the present invention, the liquid flow forms an interlocking force on the shoulder area of the live valve 7 and the upper end surface of the annular space of the hammer upper joint 8, and the interlocking force formed by the interlocking mechanism makes the liquid The hammer assembly of the dynamic impactor and the live valve 7 keep tightly combined with the valve during the downstroke process, and they go down synchronously, so there will be no phenomenon of early separation in the middle. When the live valve 7 and the hammer assembly descended to the limit position of the limit pad 5, the U-shaped notch of the limit pad 5 caught the live valve 7, preventing the live valve 7 from continuing to descend. The hammer assembly breaks away from the lower end surface of the live valve 7 under the action of inertial force and continues to move downward. After completing the free stroke H, the bottom of the hammer rod 10 hits the anvil 12, and the impact force is transmitted to the drill bit of the hydraulic impactor through the anvil 12. Perform rock breaking work. At this time, because the upper end surface of the hammer rod 10 and the lower end surface of the live valve 7 are separated by a certain distance H, the central waterway of the hydraulic impactor is opened, and the next working cycle starts again, and the hammer rod 10 moves with a certain frequency and impact energy. Hit the anvil 12, and transmit it to the drill bit of the hydraulic impactor through the transmission device to perform work on rock breaking. During the upward return process of the hammer, at the moment when the hammer rod 10 and the live valve 7 are closed, due to the existence of interlocking force, the hammer rod 10 and the live valve 7 can be quickly closed, resulting in huge water hammer pressure, which avoids When the hammer and valve collide and close, the rebound will cause the hammer and valve to close tightly, reduce the water hammer pressure, and affect the output performance of the hydraulic impactor. The hammer-valve interlocking mechanism improves the sealing performance between the hammer rod 10 and the live valve 7 of the hydraulic impactor, improves the utilization rate of water energy, and improves the working performance of the hydraulic impactor.

The present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and can also be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art. kind of change. The content that is not described in detail in the present invention can adopt the prior art.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of interlocking-type hammer valve system that hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved, it is characterised in that: the interlocking-type hammers valve machine into shape Structure includes top connection (1), drainage tube (3), positioning sleeve (4), limit pad (5), upper guide sleeve (6), valve (7), block stamp bar upper section living Connector (8), outer tube (9), block stamp bar (10), lower cylinder sleeve (11) and impact anvil block (12), drainage tube (3) top is inserted in top connection (1) in bottom, drainage tube (3) lower part is inserted in valve living (7) top, is stuck in limit outside valve (7) living top and is padded in (5)；Drainage tube (3) positioning sleeve (4) are equipped between middle part boss bottom surface and limit pad (5)；Valve (7) lower part living is equipped with block stamp bar (10), valve living (7), it is cased with block stamp bar upper section connector (8) outside block stamp bar (10), valve (7) living and has the sliding of block stamp bar upper section connector (8) inner hole Cooperation, block stamp bar (10) top are fixedly connected with block stamp bar upper section connector (8), block stamp bar (10) and block stamp bar upper section connector (8) Form block stamp component；Block stamp bar (10) lower part is equipped with impact anvil block (12), is cased with lower cylinder sleeve (11) outside block stamp bar (10) bottom；Outside It is covered outside top connection (1) bottom at the top of pipe (9), outer tube (9) bottom, which covers, is impacting anvil block (12) outside.

2. a kind of interlocking-type hammer valve system that hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved according to claim 1, feature Be: the top connection (1) and drainage tube (3) top are slidingly sealed structure using plug-in type, drainage tube (3) upper end outer diameter with Top connection (1) inner hole is slidingly sealed cooperation, is equipped with sealing ring (2) among mating surface.

3. a kind of interlocking-type hammer valve system that hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved according to claim 2, feature Be: the top connection (1) and outer tube (9) is rigidly connected using screw thread.

4. a kind of interlocking-type hammer valve system that hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved according to claim 3, feature Be: the upper guide sleeve (6) is pyramidal structure, is mounted in the inner hole below the connection screw thread of outer tube (9) upper end, upper guiding Set (6) outer diameter and outer tube (9) inner hole are slidingly sealed cooperation, and upper guide sleeve (6) is positioned by outer pipe orifice limited step, guide sleeve (6) circumference is provided with side drainage hole (14).

5. a kind of interlocking-type hammer valve system that hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved according to claim 4, feature Be: the work valve (7) uses core valve type structure, and valve (7) living are mounted on block stamp component centre；Valve (7) center living has Limbers, bottom closing, bottom surface are machined with counterbore, and lower section side is provided with side drainage hole (16)；Valve (7) top inner hole living and drainage Pipe (3) outer diameter is slidingly sealed cooperation.

6. a kind of interlocking-type hammer valve system that hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved according to claim 5, feature Be: work valve (7) upper section is " work " shape structure, path part and valve body outer diameter category coaxial configuration, valve (7) " work " shape living Structure path section is mounted in the U-shaped card slot of limit pad 5, " u "-shaped card slot hole and valve (7) path crest clearance cooperation living, valve living (7) can be freely up and down movable in " u "-shaped card slot, it is padded by under the upper end step of valve (7) " work " shape structure living along face and limit (5) "u"-shaped groove card upper surface is limited.

7. a kind of interlocking-type hammer valve system that hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved according to claim 6, feature Be: the work valve (7) has bottom shoulder (17), and bottom shoulder (17) outer diameter is greater than valve (7) valve body outer diameter ruler living It is very little.

8. a kind of interlocking-type hammer valve system that hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved according to claim 7, feature It is: is provided with the circular pad of " u "-shaped card slot centered on the limit pad (5).

9. a kind of interlocking-type hammer valve system that hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved according to claim 8, feature Be: for the block stamp bar upper section connector (8) with block stamp bar (10) using being threadedly coupled, junction uses addendum cone containment type knot Structure.

10. a kind of interlocking-type hammer valve system that hydraulic impacter working performance can be improved according to claim 9, feature Be: described block stamp bar upper section connector (8) upper end outer circumferential is machined with longitudinal water guide sediment ejection trough (15)；Valve (7) lower end surface living There is a free travel distance H (18) with block stamp bar (10) upper surface, forms toroidal cavity between block stamp bar (10) and outer tube (9) (19), side drainage channel (22) are formed between lower cylinder sleeve (11) and outer tube (9), block stamp bar (10) middle and lower part has throttle orifice (21), there are drain hole (23) in the middle part of impact anvil block (12).