Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the process of separating the mesenchymal stem cells by a common method, the invention provides a method for separating and culturing the canine umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, and lays a foundation for in vitro culture, establishment and application of the canine umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for primary culture of canine umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells comprises the following steps:
1) collecting umbilical cords of newborn dogs:
stripping placenta with a sterile instrument when a puppy emerges from a mother body, shearing an umbilical cord, and immediately putting the umbilical cord into PBS (phosphate buffer solution) containing 10% double-antibody solution;
2) isolating mesenchymal stem cell-rich glial tissue from umbilical cord:
cutting off the umbilical cord capsule to expose the middle tubular structure, removing artery and vein, and collecting the remaining hollow milky white tube without blood as the required tubular tissue;
3) washing and cutting tissue pieces:
soaking the separated tubular tissue in PBS buffer solution containing 10%, 5% and 1% double antibody solution for 5 min, transferring into container, and cutting to 1mm with tissue scissors3Size;
4) collagenase digestion:
adding 1% collagenase type I in an amount of about 10 times the volume of the tissue mass into a container containing the tissue mass, and digesting the mixture in an incubator at 37 ℃ for more than 12 hours;
5) amplification culture:
diluting the digested liquid with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell culture solution, sieving with 200 mesh sieve, centrifuging at 1200rpm for 5 min, discarding supernatant, adding umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell culture solution, blowing uniformly, transferring into culture dish, and adding 5% CO2The culture was carried out in an incubator at 37 ℃.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: 6) and respectively carrying out liquid exchange of the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell culture solution after 24h and 72h of culture, and carrying out passage according to the growth condition of the mesenchymal stem cells.
The umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell culture solution in the step 5 consists of a human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell complete culture medium with the volume ratio of 88%, fetal bovine serum with the volume ratio of 10%, a double-antibody solution with the volume ratio of 1% and a glutamine solution with the volume ratio of 1%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the mesenchymal stem cells are derived from umbilical cords of newborn dogs, have wide sources and easily obtained materials, so that mass production and clinical application of the cells at the later stage become possible;
(2) the method is simple to operate and good in repeatability, and less hybrid cells and pollution-free pure mesenchymal stem cells can be obtained;
(3) the collagenase digestion method used in the invention is mild, has little damage to cells, can obtain a large amount of mesenchymal stem cells with strong proliferation capacity, and can be used for the subsequent establishment of the cell lines, the characteristics of the stem cells, the treatment of diseases and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1: (collagenase method)
1) Collecting umbilical cords of newborn dogs:
stripping placenta with a sterile instrument when a puppy emerges from a mother body, shearing an umbilical cord, and immediately putting the umbilical cord into PBS (phosphate buffer solution) containing 10% double-antibody solution;
2) isolating mesenchymal stem cell-rich glial tissue from umbilical cord:
cutting off the umbilical cord capsule to expose the middle tubular structure, removing artery and vein, and collecting the remaining hollow milky white tube without blood as the required tubular tissue;
3) washing and cutting tissue pieces:
(3-1) soaking the separated tubular tissue in a PBS (phosphate buffer solution) containing 10% double antibody for 5 minutes, and taking out the tubular tissue by using forceps;
(3-2) soaking the tubular tissue taken out in the step (3-1) in a PBS (phosphate buffer solution) containing 5% double antibody for 5 minutes, and taking out the tubular tissue by using forceps;
(3-3) soaking the tubular tissue taken out in the step (3-2) in a PBS (phosphate buffer solution) containing 1% double antibody for 5 minutes, and taking out the tubular tissue by using forceps;
(3-4) transferring the tubular tissue taken out in the step (3-2) into a sterile 100mL small beaker, and shearing the tubular tissue to 1mm by using tissue scissors3Size;
4) collagenase digestion:
adding 1% collagenase type I in an amount of about 10 times the volume of the mixture, and placing the mixture in an incubator at 37 ℃ for digesting for more than 12 hours until no tissue mass is visible to naked eyes;
5) amplification culture:
diluting with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell culture solution, sieving with 200 mesh sieve, centrifuging at 1200rpm for 5 min, discarding supernatant, adding umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell culture solution, blowing uniformly, transferring into culture dish, and adding 5% CO2The culture was carried out in an incubator at 37 ℃.
The reagents used in this example include:
the preparation formula of the PBS buffer solution is as follows:
the complete culture medium of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells is purchased from Cyagen company, and the commercial numbers are as follows: HUXUC-03011-440, which is prepared into umbilical mesenchymal stem cell culture solution according to the use instruction, has the following formula:
the double antibody solution and the serum are purchased from Hyclone company
Collagenase type i was purchased from SIGMA.
Example 2: (Trypsin method)
This example is one of the comparative examples, and the culture method is different from that of example 1 in that:
and 4) adding 0.25% trypsin with the volume about 5 times that of the mixture, digesting the mixture in a water bath kettle at 37 ℃ for 30min, and shaking the mixture from time to enable the digestive juice to fully react with the tissue blocks.
The trypsin was purchased from Hyclone.
Example 3: (tissue block method)
This example was used as one of the comparative examples, and the culture method was different from that of example 1 in steps 4) and 5):
4-1) uniformly spreading the cut umbilical cord tissue blocks on the bottom of a T25 culture flask with the cut umbilical cord tissue blocks downward, and then placing the culture flask with the bottom surface upward in 5% CO2Culturing in 37 deg.C incubator for 30 min;
4-2) taking out the culture bottle, adding 1ml of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell culture solution (just submerging the bottom of the bottle to avoid suspending tissue blocks), placing the culture bottle with the bottom face downward in 5% CO2Culturing in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 2 h;
4-3) taking out the culture bottle, adding 2ml of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell culture solution, completely immersing the tissue block, placing the tissue block on 5% CO with the bottom surface facing downwards2And cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃.
Example 4: plotting cell growth curves
(1) Taking well-grown third-generation canine mesenchymal stem cells from examples 1-3, digesting with 0.25% trypsin to prepare cell suspension;
(2) will be provided withCells were diluted to 3X 104Perml/mL into 24-well plates, 0.5mL per well, placed in a 5% CO2Culturing in an incubator at 37 ℃;
(3) randomly extracting 3-hole cells at the same time every day, digesting the cells with trypsin to prepare suspension, counting the cells, and counting the cells in each hole for three times to obtain an average value;
(4) eight days were counted continuously, and based on the counting results, the cell density was plotted as ordinate (counts/mL) and the time as abscissa, to obtain a growth curve as shown in FIG. 1.
Example 5: and (3) immunofluorescence identification:
(1) respectively selecting well-grown third-generation mesenchymal stem cells from examples 1-3, inoculating the well-grown third-generation mesenchymal stem cells on a culture plate coated by gelatin, allowing the cells to adhere to the wall for 12 hours, removing a culture medium, and washing the cells for 2 times by using PBS containing 5% FBS;
(2) adding 4% paraformaldehyde, fixing at room temperature for 30min, removing the fixing solution, and washing with PBS containing 5% FBS for 5 min for 3 times;
(3) adding a permeabilizing agent (0.2% Triton. times.100), incubating on ice for 20 minutes, discarding and washing 3 times with 5% FBS-containing PBS for 5 minutes each;
(4) adding blocking solution (PBS containing 10% FBS), blocking at 37 deg.C for 1 hr, removing blocking solution, and washing with PBS containing 5% FBS for 5 min for 3 times;
(5) adding primary antibodies of three surface marker proteins of CD44, CD34 and CD90 respectively, incubating overnight at 4 ℃ in the dark, discarding the liquid, and washing 3 times with PBS containing 5% FBS for 5 minutes each time;
(6) adding corresponding FITC labeled secondary antibodies respectively, incubating for 30 minutes at 4 ℃ in a dark place, discarding the liquid, and washing for 5 minutes each time for 3 times with PBS containing 5% FBS;
(7) adding 1 mu g/mL DAPI, counterstaining for 5 minutes in a dark place, discarding the liquid, and washing 3 times with PBS containing 5% FBS for 5 minutes each time;
(8) an anti-fluorescence quencher was added, and the staining result was observed under an inverted fluorescence microscope and photographed to obtain an identification result chart as shown in FIG. 2.
Example 6: selecting cells with good growth state for adipogenesis and osteogenesis induced differentiation
The reagents required for this example include:
the formula of the dog umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis induced differentiation culture medium comprises the following components:
the formula of the medium for inducing differentiation of canine mesenchymal stem cells by adipogenesis comprises the following steps:
the step of inducing adipogenic differentiation:
(1) taking the canine umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells prepared according to the method in the embodiment 1, and digesting the canine umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells by using trypsin to prepare cell suspension when the canine umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are cultured until 80% of the canine umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are fused;
(2) the cell density was adjusted to 2X 104/cm2Adding the mixture into a six-hole plate, and adding 2ml of cell suspension into each hole;
(3) placing at 37 ℃ and 5% CO2Culturing the cells under the condition, and changing the liquid every 3 days;
(4) when the cells reach 100% confluence, removing the culture medium in the holes, washing the cells for 2 times by PBS, and adding 2ml of solution A into each hole;
(5) after three days of culture, the stock culture was discarded, washed 2 times with PBS, and 2ml of solution B was added to each well
(6) After 24 hours of incubation, the stock culture was discarded, washed 2 times with PBS, and 2ml of solution A was added to each well
(7) Repeating the steps (5) and (6) for 3-5 times, and finally culturing the cells in the solution B for 7 days, and changing the solution every 3 days;
(8) oil red O staining analysis: discarding culture solution in the hole, washing with PBS for 2 times, and adding 2ml of 4% formaldehyde solution to fix the cell for 30 minutes; the liquid was then discarded, washed 2 times with PBS, stained with 1ml of oil red O working solution for 30 minutes, washed 2 times with PBS, observed under a microscope and photographed.
(II) inducing osteogenic differentiation:
(1) when the UC-MSC of the dog is cultured to 80 percent fusion, the UC-MSC is digested by trypsin to prepare cell suspension;
(2) adjusting the cell density to 3 × 104/cm2, adding into six-well plate, adding 2ml cell suspension per well;
(3) placing at 37 ℃ and 5% CO2Culturing for 24h under the condition, discarding the original culture solution, washing with PBS for 2 times, and adding 2ml osteogenic differentiation culture solution;
(4) changing the solution every 3 days until alizarin red staining analysis is carried out after 2-3 weeks;
(5) alizarin red staining analysis: removing the original culture solution, washing with PBS for 2 times, and adding 2ml of 4% formaldehyde solution into each hole for fixing for 30 minutes; then, the liquid was discarded and washed with PBS 2 times, 1ml of alizarin red working solution was added to react for five minutes, and then washed with PBS 2 times, observed under an optical microscope and photographed to obtain a differentiation result graph as shown in FIG. 3.