CN107144739B - Helical line slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics Auto-Test System and method - Google Patents
Helical line slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics Auto-Test System and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107144739B CN107144739B CN201710382227.0A CN201710382227A CN107144739B CN 107144739 B CN107144739 B CN 107144739B CN 201710382227 A CN201710382227 A CN 201710382227A CN 107144739 B CN107144739 B CN 107144739B
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of helical line slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics Auto-Test System and method, including support base, vertically move platform, liquid container, liquid container is the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, it is vertical helical line slow-wave structure above the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, helical line slow-wave structure is fixed on by slow-wave structure stationary fixture and is vertically moved on platform, pass through computer-controlled stepper motor, stepper motor drive vertically moves platform, vertically moving platform drives helical line slow-wave structure to move up and down to change position of the helical line slow-wave structure in the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, slow-wave structure is established to the length of helical line slow-wave structure and the relation equation of dispersion between coaxial matching connection and big reflecting surface, obtain the dispersion characteristics parameter of slow-wave structure;This system constructs big reflecting surface using the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, and reflection parameters is facilitated to extract;Simultaneously by the way of slow-wave structure to coaxial matching connection, the simplification to system equivalent circuit is facilitated, and then put forward test method of the present invention, realize the theory support of dispersion parameters extraction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the application field of microwave measurement, especially a kind of helical line slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics are tested automatically
System and method.
Background technique
Helix TWT as a kind of important microwave electronic device, have broadband, high-gain, Larger Dynamic range and
Low noise and other advantages, in Modern Electronic Countermeasure, radar, communication, the fields such as small-signal reception are widely used.Dispersion characteristics are
A very crucial cold parameter of helix TWT slow wave structure, largely affects the performance of entire travelling-wave tubes.
Dispersion characteristics determine the operating voltage of travelling-wave tubes, bandwidth.Either to the measurements of travelling-wave tube slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics
It is still all occupied an important position in the production line quality testing stage in the development and design stage of slow-wave structure.
Important feature of the slow-wave structure as travelling-wave tubes, effect are that electron beam and electromagnetic signal is allowed to interact, and are carried out
Exchange energy, so that electromagnetic signal be made to be amplified.In recent years, the slow-wave structure of various different structure forms is mentioned by researcher
Out.Therewith, the method much solved about dispersion is also proposed by researcher for analyzing corresponding slow-wave structure.
Currently, about the Study on dispersion characteristics of slow-wave structure method there are many kinds of, mainly include theoretical analysis, calculate
Machine software emulation and experiment three kinds of methods of test.Theoretical analysis such as effective dielectric constant method, pattern matching method etc., these methods
It uses mostly a large amount of equivalent, therefore is not suitable for Practical Project.Analogue simulation depends on the correct foundation of physical model, knot
Fruit can not reflect the characteristic of practical pipe sometimes.Method based on experiment, if traveling wave method and the resonance method are classical methods, often
For test and verify theory analysis to various slow-wave structures.Traveling wave method is generally along slow-wave structure central axis
Line moves coupling probe, and the phase difference of the phase and reference position that obtain the signal of different location calculates dispersion parameters.It is this
Method is difficult for fast wave system, and needs to keep test point and reference point all to be on central axis.Resonance
The principle of method is that slow-wave structure is allowed to be in resonant state, then according to condition of resonance, establishes equation solution phase constant and frequency
Relationship obtain dispersion parameters.The key of the resonance method is the mirror image short circuit face of slow-wave structure to be found, this is often highly difficult.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of helical line slow-wave structure dispersions
Characteristic Auto-Test System and method.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of helical line slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics Auto-Test System, including hanging down above support base, support base
Translation moving platform and liquid container, the liquid container are the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, the big dielectric constant of low-loss
The upper surface of liquid is the big reflecting surface of liquid, is vertical helical line slow-wave structure, spiral shell above the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss
Spin line slow-wave structure is fixed on by slow-wave structure stationary fixture and is vertically moved on platform, described to vertically move described in platform drive
Helical line slow-wave structure moves up and down in the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, and the platform that vertically moves is driven by stepper motor
Dynamic, stepper motor is controlled by stepping motor servo system, and motor servo system is connect with computer, and helical line slow-wave structure passes through
Slow-wave structure connects connected vector Network Analyzer to coaxial matching, and vector network analyzer connects computer.
It is preferred that the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss refers to loss tangent less than 10-4, opposite dielectric
Constant is greater than 400 liquid.
It is preferred that vector network analyzer is connected to computer, stepping motor servo system by the port WLAN
Computer is connected to by USB interface.
For achieving the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of slow-wave structure colors using above-mentioned Auto-Test System
Dissipate characteristic test method: by computer-controlled stepper motor, stepper motor drive vertically moves platform, vertically moves platform band
Dynamic helical line slow-wave structure moves up and down to change position of the helical line slow-wave structure in the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss,
Establish length L and dispersion parameters β that slow-wave structure connects the helical line slow-wave structure between big reflecting surface to coaxial matchingHPass
It is equation, obtains the dispersion characteristics parameter beta of slow-wave structureH。
It is preferred that the method is further are as follows: by computer-controlled stepper motor, stepper motor drives vertical
Mobile platform moves up and down helical line slow-wave structure in the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, thus helical line slow-wave structure
Length L change, the L is the big reflecting surface of liquid apart from slow-wave structure to the length of coaxial matching connection;Using more
State method, four change length L, the dispersion parameters β of slow-wave structure is obtained using formula (7)H;
Wherein, ΓinIt is the input reflection coefficient at the port D of two-port network A, by (7), solution obtains S11, S12·
S21·ΓP, ΓL·ΓP, ΥHValue, wherein γH=αH+jβH。
System constructs big reflecting surface using the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, and reflection parameters is facilitated to extract.Simultaneously using slow
Wave structure facilitates the simplification to system equivalent circuit, test method of the present invention realizes to the mode of coaxial matching connection
The theory support that dispersion parameters are extracted.
The working principle of this test method is as follows:
The principle of helical line slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics Auto-Test System is as shown in Fig. 2.Wherein ΓLIt is from slow wave knot
Structure is to the reflection coefficient looked at coaxial conversion, ΓPIt is the reflection coefficient of the big reflecting surface of liquid, L is the big reflecting surface of liquid to slowly
Length of the wave structure to coaxial matching connection.Vector network analyzer 11 is connected to slow-wave structure to coaxially by coaxial cable
Matching connection.
The equivalent network of attached drawing 2 is as shown in Fig. 3.Slow-wave structure is equivalent to two-port network A to coaxial matching connection,
Its scattering parameter is defined as:
When the port D of two-port network A connects matched load, S22Be look from slow-wave structure to coaxial conversion place it is anti-
Penetrate coefficient ΓL.It is slow-wave structure between 2 middle line OO to HH of attached drawing, can be equivalent to a two-port network B, scattering ginseng
Number is SH.If the propagation coefficient of slow-wave structure is γH=αH+jβH, β in the parameterHAs dispersion parameters, and αHFor cold decaying ginseng
Number.
When slow-wave structure port match is fine between OO and HH, the scattering parameter of two-port network B are as follows:
The big reflecting surface on the left side line HH is equivalent to an one port network C, reflection coefficient ΓP, ΓPWith dual-port net
Reflection coefficient after network B cascade are as follows:
At this point, attached drawing 3 can be further simplified the series network for being equivalent to attached drawing 4.I.e. two-port network A is connected to one
Reflection coefficient is ΓP' load.Reflection coefficient according to microwave network theory, at the D of port are as follows:
Move slow-wave structure in the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss using process control stepper motor, then liquid is anti-greatly
The length L for penetrating face to slow-wave structure to coaxial matching connection will be changed correspondingly, i.e. reflection coefficient ΓP' phase angle will change.
4 mobile slow-wave structures, obtain different L length values, are calculated as L respectively1, L2, L3, L4, then ΓP' also become ΓP1', ΓP2',
ΓP3', ΓP4′.Wherein:
It is available (6) according to (4):
It is available (7) that (5) are brought into (6):
Wherein, ΓinIt is the input reflection coefficient at the port D of two-port network A.By (7), can solve to obtain S11,
S12·S21·ΓP, ΓL·ΓP, ΥHValue, wherein γH=αH+jβH。
The invention has the benefit that one, system constructs big reflecting surface using the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, it is convenient anti-
Penetrate parameter extraction.Two, the letter to system equivalent circuit is facilitated by the way of slow-wave structure to coaxial matching connection simultaneously
Change, and then put forward test method of the present invention, realizes the theory support of dispersion parameters extraction.Three, this system test method is same
When be extracted the cold attenuation parameter of slow-wave structure, in addition, when using other means obtain the big reflecting surface of liquid reflection parameters ΓP
Afterwards, can expand to obtain the reflection coefficient Γ to look from slow-wave structure to coaxial conversion placeL。
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the structural schematic diagram of present system.
Attached drawing 2 is the test structure principle chart of present system.
Attached drawing 3 is the equivalent network of present system.
Attached drawing 4 is the further equivalent series network of present system.
Wherein, 1 it is computer, 2 be support base, 3 be stepping motor servo system, 4 be stepper motor, 5 is vertically to move
Moving platform, 6 be slow-wave structure stationary fixture, 7 be helical line slow-wave structure, 8 be slow-wave structure to coaxial matching connection, 9 be liquid
The big reflecting surface of body, 10 be the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, 11 be appropriate Network Analyzer, 12 be liquid container.
In Fig. 2, the length L between line OO and HH is slow-wave structure to spiral between coaxial matching connection 8 and big reflecting surface 9
The length of line slow-wave structure, ΓLIt is the reflection coefficient that helical line slow-wave structure is looked to slow-wave structure to coaxial matching junction,
ΓPFor the reflection coefficient of the big reflecting surface on the left side line HH.
In Fig. 3, A, which is slow-wave structure, is equivalent to two-port network to coaxial matching connection 8, and B is between line OO to HH
The equivalent two-port network of slow-wave structure, C are the equivalent one port networks of the big reflecting surface on the left side line HH, and D and E are dual-port nets
Two ports of network A, ΓLIt is slow-wave structure to the reflection coefficient looked at coaxial conversion, ΓPFor the big reflecting surface on the left side line HH
Reflection coefficient, ΓinIt is the input reflection coefficient at the port D of two-port network A.
In Fig. 4, A, which is slow-wave structure, is equivalent to two-port network to coaxial matching connection 8, and G is two-port network B and C
Series connection after equivalent one port network, 11 be vector network analyzer, and D is the port of two-port network A, ΓP' it is equivalent single-ended
The reflection coefficient of mouth network G, ΓinIt is the input reflection coefficient at the port D of two-port network A.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.
A kind of helical line slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics Auto-Test System, including support base 2, support base 2 top
Platform 5 and liquid container 12 are vertically moved, is the big dielectric constant liquid 10 of low-loss inside the liquid container 12, low-loss is big
The upper surface of dielectric constant liquid 10 is the big reflecting surface 9 of liquid, is vertical spiral above the big dielectric constant liquid 10 of low-loss
Line slow-wave structure 7, helical line slow-wave structure 7 are fixed on by slow-wave structure stationary fixture 6 and are vertically moved on platform 5, described to hang down
Translation moving platform 5 drives the helical line slow-wave structure 7 to move up and down in the big dielectric constant liquid 10 of low-loss, described vertical
Mobile platform 5 is driven by stepper motor 4, and stepper motor 4 is controlled by stepping motor servo system 3, motor servo system 3 and calculating
Machine 1 connects, and helical line slow-wave structure 7 connects 8 connected vector Network Analyzers 11, vector to coaxial matching by slow-wave structure
Network Analyzer 11 connects computer 1.
The big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss refers to loss tangent less than 10-4, relative dielectric constant is greater than 400
Liquid.
Specifically, vector network analyzer 11 is connected to computer 1 by the port WLAN, stepping motor servo system 3 is logical
It crosses USB interface and is connected to computer 1.
It uses the slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics test method of above-mentioned Auto-Test System: stepping is controlled by computer 1
Motor 4, the drive of stepper motor 4 vertically move platform 5 and make helical line slow-wave structure 7 in the big dielectric constant liquid 10 of low-loss
It moves up and down, so that the length L of helical line slow-wave structure 7 changes, the L is the big reflecting surface of liquid 9 apart from slow-wave structure
To the length of helical line slow-wave structure between coaxial matching connection 8;Using polymorphic method, four change length L utilize formula
(7) dispersion parameters of slow-wave structure are obtained;
Wherein, ΓinIt is the input reflection coefficient at the port D of two-port network A, by (7), solution obtains S11, S12·
S21·ΓP, ΓL·ΓP, ΥHValue, wherein γH=αH+jβH。
System constructs big reflecting surface using the big dielectric constant liquid of low-loss, and reflection parameters is facilitated to extract.Simultaneously using slow
Wave structure facilitates the simplification to system equivalent circuit, test method of the present invention realizes to the mode of coaxial matching connection
The theory support that dispersion parameters are extracted.
The working principle of this test method is as follows:
The principle of helical line slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics Auto-Test System is as shown in Fig. 2.Wherein ΓLIt is from slow wave knot
Structure is to the reflection coefficient looked at coaxial conversion, ΓPIt is the reflection coefficient of the big reflecting surface of liquid, L is the big reflecting surface of liquid to slowly
Length of the wave structure to coaxial matching connection 8.Vector network analyzer 11 is connected to slow-wave structure to together by coaxial cable
The matching connection 8 of axis.
The equivalent network of attached drawing 2 is as shown in Fig. 3.Slow-wave structure is equivalent to two-port network to coaxial matching connection 8
A, scattering parameter is defined as:
When the port D of two-port network A connects matched load, S22Be look from slow-wave structure to coaxial conversion place it is anti-
Penetrate coefficient ΓL.It is slow-wave structure between 2 middle line OO to HH of attached drawing, can be equivalent to a two-port network B, scattering ginseng
Number is SH.If the propagation coefficient of slow-wave structure is γH=αH+jβH, β in the parameterHAs dispersion parameters, and αHFor cold decaying ginseng
Number.
When slow-wave structure port match is fine between OO and HH, the scattering parameter of two-port network B are as follows:
The big reflecting surface on the left side line HH is equivalent to an one port network C, reflection coefficient ΓP, ΓPWith dual-port net
Reflection coefficient after network B cascade are as follows:
At this point, attached drawing 3 can be further simplified the series network for being equivalent to attached drawing 4.I.e. two-port network A is connected to one
Reflection coefficient is ΓP' load.Reflection coefficient according to microwave network theory, at the D of port are as follows:
Move slow-wave structure 7 in the big dielectric constant liquid 10 of low-loss using process control stepper motor 4, then liquid
The length L of big reflecting surface 9 to slow-wave structure to coaxial matching connection 8 will be changed correspondingly, i.e. reflection coefficient ΓP' phase angle will send out
It is raw to change.4 mobile slow-wave structures 7, obtain different L length values, are calculated as L respectively1, L2, L3, L4, then ΓP' also become
ΓP1', ΓP2', ΓP3', ΓP4′.Wherein:
It is available (6) according to (4):
It is available (7) that (5) are brought into (6):
Wherein, ΓinIt is the input reflection coefficient at the port D of two-port network A.By (7), can solve to obtain S11,
S12·S21·ΓP, ΓL·ΓP, ΥHValue, wherein γH=αH+jβH。
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, all those of ordinary skill in the art are completed without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention
All equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of helical line slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics Auto-Test System, it is characterised in that: including support base (2), support
Platform (5) and liquid container (12) are vertically moved above pedestal (2), is the big dielectric of low-loss inside the liquid container (12)
The upper surface of constant liquid (10), the big dielectric constant liquid (10) of low-loss is the big reflecting surface of liquid (9), and the big dielectric of low-loss is normal
It is vertical helical line slow-wave structure (7) above number liquid (10), helical line slow-wave structure (7) passes through slow-wave structure stationary fixture
(6) it is fixed on and vertically moves on platform (5), described vertically move platform (5) drive the helical line slow-wave structure (7) in low damage
It consumes in big dielectric constant liquid (10) and moves up and down, the platform (5) that vertically moves is driven by stepper motor (4), stepper motor
(4) it is controlled by stepping motor servo system (3), stepping motor servo system (3) is connect with computer (1), helix slow-wave knot
Structure (7) connects (8) connected vector Network Analyzer (11) to coaxial matching by slow-wave structure, vector network analyzer (11)
It connects computer (1).
2. slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics Auto-Test System according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the low-loss is big
Dielectric constant liquid refers to loss tangent less than 10-4, relative dielectric constant be greater than 400 liquid.
3. slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics Auto-Test System according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: vector network analysis
Instrument (11) is connected to computer (1) by the port WLAN, and stepping motor servo system (3) is connected to computer by USB interface
(1)。
4. a kind of slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics test side using Auto-Test System described in 3 any one of claims 1 to 3
Method, it is characterised in that: stepper motor (4) are controlled by computer (1), stepper motor (4) drive vertically moves platform (5), hangs down
Translation moving platform (5) drives helical line slow-wave structure (7) up and down motion big in low-loss to change helical line slow-wave structure (7)
Slow-wave structure is established to helix between coaxial matching connection (8) and big reflecting surface (9) in position in dielectric constant liquid (10)
The length L and dispersion parameters β of slow-wave structureHRelation equation, obtain the dispersion characteristics parameter beta of slow-wave structureH。
5. the slow-wave structure dispersion characteristics test method of Auto-Test System according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: logical
Computer (1) control stepper motor (4) is crossed, (4 drives vertically move platform (5) and make helical line slow-wave structure (7) stepper motor
It is moved up and down in the big dielectric constant liquid (10) of low-loss, so that the length L of helical line slow-wave structure (7) changes, institute
Stating L is length of the big reflecting surface of liquid (9) apart from slow-wave structure to coaxial matching connection (8);Utilize polymorphic method, four changes
Length L obtains the dispersion parameters β of slow-wave structure using formula (7)H;
Wherein, ΓinIt is the input reflection coefficient at the port D of two-port network A, by (7), solution obtains S11, S12·S21·
ΓP, ΓL·ΓP, ΥHValue, wherein γH=αH+jβH。
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