CN107141056A - The blue cultural method of state's orchid cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof and state - Google Patents
The blue cultural method of state's orchid cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof and state Download PDFInfo
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- CN107141056A CN107141056A CN201710273739.3A CN201710273739A CN107141056A CN 107141056 A CN107141056 A CN 107141056A CN 201710273739 A CN201710273739 A CN 201710273739A CN 107141056 A CN107141056 A CN 107141056A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The invention discloses the blue cultural method of blue cultivation matrix of state and preparation method thereof and state, state's orchid cultivation matrix, the cultivation matrix includes peanut shell, purple sandshale, poplar bark, coconut palm chaff, turfy soil, fertilizer and microbial inoculum；The microbial inoculum includes Penicillium notatum, micrococcus luteus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and bacillus licheniformis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, and in particular to the blue cultivation side of state's orchid cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof and state
Method.
Background technology
Orchid can be divided into cattleya according to original producton location and state is blue, and the initial species of cattleya is mainly depended in tropical rain forest and usually
Grown between trunk or palisades.State orchid refers mainly to be grown on the Terrestrial orchid among soil in orchid family Cymbidium.
China is focused primarily upon on the research of orchid in terms of morphology, taxology, group culturation rapid propagating technology, environment
Research in terms of factor and orchid growth mechanism relation is fewer.But orchid requires special to growing environment, therefore environmental factor
It is particularly significantly to the cultivation of orchid.
《Zhangzhou Normal College's journal》Disclosed in Literature " progress of Environmental Factors orchid growth mechanism "
The envirment factor of influence orchid growth has temperature, relative humidity, cultivation matrix, illumination etc..Temperature, relative humidity and illumination etc.
There is important influence to state blue flower_bud formation, organic matter accumulation and pollination rate etc..And the blue cultivation matrix of state is then decisive
Have impact on sprouting new root proliferation rate, flowering rate, transplanting survival rate etc..
All include fertilizer substantially in the blue cultivation matrix of state, orchid fertilizer is mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer
Consumption and the important such as the ratio growth cycle blue to state, resistance against diseases, photosynthetic rate, nutriment storage.
In state's orchid cultivation, the prevention of disease is critically important link, and orchid droop is that a kind of orchid is easy to get disease, blue
The pathogenic germ of flower droop is Fusarium oxysporum.Fusarium oxysporum is a kind of universal soil-borne disease fungal pathogenses.Now
On the market sprayed using bactericide to the main method that orchid diseases are prevented, but bactericide is made up of chemical composition in itself,
It is harmful with toxic, therefore be harmful for cultivation personnel.Therefore, sterilizing need not be sprayed using one kind
Agent can prevent Fusarium oxysporum from being very significant to the blue infringement of state.It is also known that between strain exist suppress or
Promotion relation, therefore microbial inoculum can be added in cultivation matrix to realize the growth of suppression Fusarium oxysporum to achieve the goal.
According to《Chinese agronomy circular》" Penicillium notatum, defence line bacterial strain and limewash are to the inhibitory action of Fusarium oxysporum for disclosed document
Research ", it can be appreciated that Penicillium notatum can produce inhibitory action, spore of the Penicillium notatum to Fusarium oxysporum to Fusarium oxysporum
Germination suppression rate is 71.97%, but Penicillium notatum is still not high enough to the inhibiting rate of Fusarium oxysporum.But the antibacterial energy of bacterial strain
Power not only has relation in itself with bacterial strain, also has very big associate with residing growing environment.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to overcome that the defect of prior art is planted there is provided blue cultivation matrix of state and preparation method thereof and state orchid
Culture method, solves the problems of the prior art.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows：
State orchid cultivation matrix, the cultivation matrix include peanut shell, purple sandshale, poplar bark, coconut palm chaff, turfy soil, fertilizer and
Microbial inoculum；
The microbial inoculum includes Penicillium notatum, micrococcus luteus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and bacillus licheniformis.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, the cultivation matrix includes the component of following parts by weight：40 ~ 60 parts of peanut shell, purple
15 ~ 35 parts of sand shale, 1 ~ 5 part of poplar bark, 3 ~ 10 parts of coconut palm chaff, 1 ~ 10 part of turfy soil, 0.1% ~ 0.8 part of microbial inoculum, fertilizer
0.1% ~ 0.8 part；
It is bright that the microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 100 ~ 5,000,000, micrococcus luteus 100 ~ 5,000,000, goldbeater's skin
The cfu/ml of the cfu/ml of beading bacterium 100 ~ 5,000,000, bacillus licheniformis 100 ~ 5,000,000.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, the cultivation matrix includes the component of following parts by weight：57 parts of peanut shell, Purple Sand
30 parts of shale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, 5 parts of turfy soil, 0.5 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of microbial inoculum；
It is bright that the microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 100 ~ 5,000,000, micrococcus luteus 100 ~ 5,000,000, goldbeater's skin
The cfu/ml of the cfu/ml of beading bacterium 100 ~ 5,000,000, bacillus licheniformis 100 ~ 5,000,000, corresponding weight ratio is 1:1:1:1.
The preparation method of state's orchid cultivation matrix, comprises the following steps：
（1）Spice：Peanut shell, purple sandshale, poplar bark, coconut palm chaff, microbial inoculum, fertilizer, turfy soil are pressed into claim 1
Mix to add water after proportioning is weighed described in ~ 3 and be adjusted to cultivation matrix, wherein water content is 40% ~ 50%；
（2）Pack：Cultivation matrix is packed, and produces the blue cultivation matrix of state.
State's orchid cultural method, including procedure below：
（1）Seed selection：
Select root system complete, healthy and strong, the blade more completely blue strain of health；
（2）Plant, is transplanted with the blue cultivation matrix of the state described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3：
Be filled to relatively large cultivation matrix basin it is high 1/5~1/4 as drainage blanket；
Left-handed thumb and forefinger are pinched on the bulb of a seedling oldest in the blue strain to be planted at 2cm, are put into flowerpot,
Blue basin edge is pushed down in the centre of the palm of left hand, and the root that the right hand adjusts blue strain with small wooden is uniformly put；Thick cultivation matrix is filled out to the 1/2 of basin
Place；
The middle part for patting basin is slapped with the right hand, left hand adjusts the field planting height of orchid seedling, less than blue basin 2cm, thick cultivation matrix in filling out
To at 3/4, blue basin or slap tub wall are shaken, makes plant material and blue root close contact；
Thin cultivation matrix is filled out less than basin mouthful 1cm~2cm；
（3）Drop down after clear water with clear water pouring root to basin underflow within second day after cultivation, move it into shading shed；
（4）15d~20d is transplanted, daily management is transferred to, plant does not change basin during 2 years.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, the plant time is spring or autumn, using 3-5 seedlings as a single clump of plant.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, the blue basin uses the special orchid flowerpot of 18-25 centimetres of bore, and blue basin bottom part bottom outlet is used
Gauze/diameter 4cm~6cm foam block covers or put hydrophobic, air-permeability cover.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, the daily management includes：
Illumination management：Orchid shade tolerant, it is to avoid the strong light of direct projection, holding intensity of illumination is 7000~15000LUX；
Temperature treatment：It is 15 DEG C~25 DEG C to keep environment temperature；
Water quality management：The water for being 6.2-6.8 with cleaning, slightly sour, pH value is watered.
Heretofore described fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, K compound fertilizer.
In the present invention, microbial inoculum is make use of in cultivation matrix to improve the blue antagonistic ability of state, state is substantially reduced blue
Illness rate.The presence of Penicillium notatum inhibits Fusarium oxysporum, by building a good metabolism environment for Penicillium notatum, improves
Rejection ability of the Penicillium notatum to Fusarium oxysporum.And bacillus licheniformis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides possess antagonism and caused a disease in itself
The ability of bacterium, it reduces orchid southern blight and the rate of falling ill of cymbidium anthracnose with the mating reaction of micrococcus luteus respectively.
Embodiment
It is an object of the invention to the defect for overcoming prior art, there is provided blue cultivation matrix of state and preparation method thereof and state are blue
Cultural method, is described in further detail with reference to embodiment to the present invention.
State's orchid cultural method, including procedure below：
（1）Seed selection：Select root system complete, healthy and strong, the blade more completely blue strain of health；
（2）Plant：Transplanted with the blue cultivation matrix of state：Be filled to relatively large cultivation matrix basin it is high 1/5~1/4 as draining
Layer；Left-handed thumb and forefinger are pinched on the bulb of a seedling oldest in the blue strain to be planted at 2cm, are put into flowerpot,
Blue basin edge is pushed down in the centre of the palm of left hand, and the root that the right hand adjusts blue strain with small wooden is uniformly put；Thick cultivation matrix is filled out to the 1/2 of basin
Place；Slapped with the right hand and pat the middle part of basin, the field planting height of left hand regulation orchid seedling, less than blue basin 2cm, in filling out, thick cultivation matrix is extremely
At 3/4, blue basin or slap tub wall are shaken, makes plant material and blue root close contact；Thin cultivation matrix is filled out less than basin mouthful 1cm；During plant
Between be spring or autumn, using 4 seedlings be one single clump transplant；The blue basin uses the special orchid flowerpot of 25 centimetres of bore, blue basin
Bottom bottom outlet covers or put hydrophobic, air-permeability cover with gauze/diameter 5cm foam block.
（3）Drop down after clear water with clear water pouring root to basin underflow within second day after cultivation, move it into shading shed；
（4）20d is transplanted, plant does not change basin during 2 years；Plant avoids the strong light of direct projection during 2 years, holding intensity of illumination is
10000LUX；It is 20 DEG C to keep environment temperature；Watered with cleaning, slightly sour, pH value for 6.5 water.
Embodiment 1
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 57 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of purple sandshale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil 5
Part, 0.5 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of microbial inoculum；
The microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 2,000,000, the cfu/ml of micrococcus luteus 2,000,000, Leuconostoc mesenteroides 200
Ten thousand cfu/ml, the cfu/ml of bacillus licheniformis 2,000,000.
Embodiment 2
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 40 parts of peanut shell, 15 parts of purple sandshale, 1 part of poplar bark, 3 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil 1
Part, 0.1 part of microbial inoculum, 0.1 part of fertilizer；
The microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 2,000,000, the cfu/ml of micrococcus luteus 2,000,000, Leuconostoc mesenteroides 200
Ten thousand cfu/ml, the cfu/ml of bacillus licheniformis 2,000,000.
Embodiment 3
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 60 parts of peanut shell, 35 parts of purple sandshale, 5 parts of poplar bark, 10 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil
10 parts, 0.8 part of microbial inoculum, 0.8 part of fertilizer；
The microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 2,000,000, the cfu/ml of micrococcus luteus 2,000,000, Leuconostoc mesenteroides 200
Ten thousand cfu/ml, the cfu/ml of bacillus licheniformis 2,000,000.
Embodiment 4
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 57 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of purple sandshale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil 5
Part, 0.5 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of microbial inoculum；
The microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 1,000,000, the cfu/ml of micrococcus luteus 1,000,000, Leuconostoc mesenteroides 100
Ten thousand cfu/ml, the cfu/ml of bacillus licheniformis 1,000,000.
Embodiment 5
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 57 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of purple sandshale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil 5
Part, 0.5 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of microbial inoculum；
The microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 5,000,000, the cfu/ml of micrococcus luteus 5,000,000, Leuconostoc mesenteroides 500
Ten thousand cfu/ml, the cfu/ml of bacillus licheniformis 5,000,000.
Embodiment 6
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 57 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of purple sandshale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil 5
Part, 0.5 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of microbial inoculum；
The microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 2,000,000, the cfu/ml of Leuconostoc mesenteroides 2,000,000, bacillus licheniformis
2000000 cfu/ml.
Embodiment 7
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 57 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of purple sandshale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil 5
Part, 0.5 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of microbial inoculum；
The microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 2,000,000, the cfu/ml of micrococcus luteus 2,000,000, bacillus licheniformis 200
Ten thousand cfu/ml.
Embodiment 8
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 57 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of purple sandshale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil 5
Part, 0.5 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of microbial inoculum；
The microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 2,000,000, the cfu/ml of micrococcus luteus 2,000,000, Leuconostoc mesenteroides 200
Ten thousand cfu/ml.
Embodiment 9
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 57 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of purple sandshale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil 5
Part, 0.5 part of fertilizer.
The microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 2,000,000.
Embodiment 10
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 57 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of purple sandshale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil 5
Part, 0.5 part of fertilizer.
Embodiment 11
The blue cultivation matrix of the state includes 57 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of purple sandshale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, turfy soil 5
Part, 0.5 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of fenaminosulf.Fenaminosulf is as preventing the medicament of disease insect pest in the present embodiment.
It is emphasized that fertilizer described in 1 ~ embodiment of embodiment 11 is all nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer.
Experimental example
Cultivar：Snow is blue（Cymbidium is avenged in the blue common kind of state, as representative）,
Method of testing：The blue cultural method of state is stated with the present invention, cultivation matrix chooses embodiment 1 ~ implementation 11 respectively cultivation 200 respectively
Strain, obtains cultivation result as follows：
As a result 1：
In summary：Penicillium notatum is in the environment of possessing micrococcus luteus, bacillus licheniformis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and it is to point
The inhibition of fusarium oxysporum is best so that orchid will not obtain droop；And in planting process, it was found that micrococcus luteus and
Coordinating for bacillus licheniformis can carry out killing suppression to the pathogenic bacteria Deuteromycotina fungi of southern blight, so as to reduce orchid
Southern blight illness rate.Meanwhile, micrococcus luteus and Leuconostoc mesenteroides are fallen ill with the use of can reduce cymbidium anthracnose
Rate.Microorganism can improve hair seedling rate in mentioned microorganism bacterium solution, when reasonable mixture ratio, send out seedling rate highest.
As a result 2:
In summary, by carrying out statistical analysis contrast before plant and to plant plant height, radical, root length, leaf length, leaf width after plant
It was found that, the blue cultural method of the state that provides of the present invention makes that plant growing way is good, indices compare high.The method of the present invention is favourable
In the growth of orchid, growth is very fast.
According to above-described embodiment, the present invention just can be realized well.What deserves to be explained is, before said structure design
Put, to solve same technical problem, some made in the present invention are used without substantial change or polishing
Technical scheme essence still as the present invention, therefore it should also be as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. state's orchid cultivation matrix, it is characterised in that the cultivation matrix includes following components：Peanut shell, purple sandshale, poplar
Bark, coconut palm chaff, turfy soil, fertilizer and microbial inoculum；
The microbial inoculum includes Penicillium notatum, micrococcus luteus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and bacillus licheniformis.
2. the blue cultivation matrix of state according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cultivation matrix includes following parts by weight
Component：It is 40 ~ 60 parts of peanut shell, 15 ~ 35 parts of purple sandshale, 1 ~ 5 part of poplar bark, 3 ~ 10 parts of coconut palm chaff, 1 ~ 10 part of turfy soil, micro-
Biological 0.1% ~ 0.8 part of bacterium solution, 0.1% ~ 0.8 part of fertilizer；
It is bright that the microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 100 ~ 5,000,000, micrococcus luteus 100 ~ 5,000,000, goldbeater's skin
The cfu/ml of the cfu/ml of beading bacterium 100 ~ 5,000,000, bacillus licheniformis 100 ~ 5,000,000.
3. the blue cultivation matrix of state according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cultivation matrix includes following parts by weight
Component：57 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of purple sandshale, 2 parts of poplar bark, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, 5 parts of turfy soil, 0.5 part of fertilizer, microorganism
0.5 part of bacterium solution；
It is bright that the microbial inoculum includes the cfu/ml of the cfu/ml of Penicillium notatum 100 ~ 5,000,000, micrococcus luteus 100 ~ 5,000,000, goldbeater's skin
The cfu/ml of the cfu/ml of beading bacterium 100 ~ 5,000,000, bacillus licheniformis 100 ~ 5,000,000, its corresponding weight ratio is 1:1:1:1.
4. the preparation method of state's orchid cultivation matrix, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Spice：Peanut shell, purple sandshale, poplar bark, coconut palm chaff, microbial inoculum, fertilizer, turfy soil are pressed into claim 1
Mix to add water after proportioning is weighed described in ~ 3 and be adjusted to cultivation matrix, wherein water content is 40% ~ 50%；
（2）Pack：Cultivation matrix is packed, and produces the blue cultivation matrix of state.
5. state's orchid cultural method, it is characterised in that including procedure below：
（1）Seed selection：
Select root system complete, healthy and strong, the blade more completely blue strain of health；
（2）Plant, is transplanted with the blue cultivation matrix of the state described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3：
Be filled to relatively large cultivation matrix basin it is high 1/5~1/4 as drainage blanket；
Left-handed thumb and forefinger are pinched on the bulb of a seedling oldest in the blue strain to be planted at 2cm, are put into flowerpot,
Blue basin edge is pushed down in the centre of the palm of left hand, and the root that the right hand adjusts blue strain with small wooden is uniformly put；Thick cultivation matrix is filled out to the 1/2 of basin
Place；
The middle part for patting basin is slapped with the right hand, left hand adjusts the field planting height of orchid seedling, less than blue basin 2cm, thick cultivation matrix in filling out
To at 3/4, blue basin or slap tub wall are shaken, makes plant material and blue root close contact；
Thin cultivation matrix is filled out less than basin mouthful 1cm~2cm；
（3）Drop down after clear water with clear water pouring root to basin underflow within second day after cultivation, move it into shading shed；
（4）15d~20d is transplanted, daily management is transferred to, plant does not change basin during 2 years.
6. the blue simplified cultivation method of state according to claim 5, it is characterised in that transplant the time for spring or autumn,
Using 3-5 seedlings as a single clump of plant.
7. the blue simplified cultivation method of state according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the blue basin uses 18-25 lis of bore
The special orchid flowerpot of rice, blue basin bottom part bottom outlet covers or put hydrophobic, air-permeability cover with gauze/diameter 4cm~6cm foam block.
8. the blue simplified cultivation method of state according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the daily management includes：
Illumination management：Orchid shade tolerant, it is to avoid the strong light of direct projection, holding intensity of illumination is 7000~15000LUX；
Temperature treatment：It is 15 DEG C~25 DEG C to keep environment temperature；
Water quality management：The water for being 6.2-6.8 with cleaning, slightly sour, pH value is watered.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111699944A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-25 | 浙江来点花草生态环境有限公司 | Chinese orchid self-irrigation pot cultivation medium |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111699944A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-25 | 浙江来点花草生态环境有限公司 | Chinese orchid self-irrigation pot cultivation medium |
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