CN107135894B - Method for planting trees by utilizing deep gaps of mountain stony desert - Google Patents
Method for planting trees by utilizing deep gaps of mountain stony desert Download PDFInfo
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- CN107135894B CN107135894B CN201610687393.7A CN201610687393A CN107135894B CN 107135894 B CN107135894 B CN 107135894B CN 201610687393 A CN201610687393 A CN 201610687393A CN 107135894 B CN107135894 B CN 107135894B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A method for planting trees and forests by utilizing deep gaps of a mountain stony desert comprises two steps of searching for deep gaps and planting saplings, and the specific steps comprise that a metal probe, a funnel, a sonar stratigraphic profiler and a geological hole detector are used for detecting the deep gaps on the stony desert on the mountain stony desert, and marking is done; and (3) taking out broken stones in the holes to form planting pits when the holes on the upper parts of deep gaps of the stony desert are large, filling the non-woven fabric bags with the culture substrates to form non-woven fabric substrate bags, sealing bottom holes of the planting pits, and planting the seedlings. The upper part of deep gaps of the stony desert is narrow, the pores are too small and are not suitable for planting trees, a micro explosive bag is vertically arranged in the deep gaps of the stony desert in advance, a detonator is used for detonating, rocks at the gaps of the stony desert are crushed, broken stones are dug out to form planting pits, a non-woven fabric bag is used for filling a culture medium to form a non-woven fabric medium bag, bottom holes of the planting pits are sealed, and tree seedlings are planted. The technology of the invention changes the ecological restoration of the mountain stony desert from the mode of planting trees, shrubs and grasses in the construction terrace with huge chemical waste or blasting and digging water storage pits on rocks to cultivate trees by hilling, and achieves the purpose of greatly reducing the cost of afforestation of the mountain stony desert.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of greening engineering, in particular to a method for planting trees by utilizing deep gaps of mountain stony desert.
Background
At present, the ecological restoration of the rock desert in the mountainous region, in which rocks are connected with rocks and soil is hardly seen, is generally realized by building rock terraces with different sizes, filling soil in the terraces, and planting trees, shrubs and grasses, so that the aims of ecological restoration of the rock desert or creation and income of economic forest cultivation are fulfilled. The method is characterized in that blast holes with the depth of 2m to 3m are drilled, explosive is filled in the blast holes to detonate, water storage rock pits with the caliber of about 1m and the depth of more than 1m are dug out, and then soil is filled in the rock pits to plant trees.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for afforestation by utilizing soil and water hidden in deep gaps of mountain stony desert. The method for afforestation by utilizing soil and water in deep gaps of the mountain stony desert is developed by elicitation and deduction after investigation on the forest partially growing on the bald mountain stony desert in more than two hundred thousand square meters of Hangzhou Ling hidden-flying-to-the-peak scenic spots.
The Hangzhou Ling hidden flying to the mountain scenic spot is originally a limestone mountain land, the ground surface of a part of stony desertification area is observed by walking, but naked rocks with huge individual shapes are connected with rocks with huge individual shapes, so that a soil layer for tree growth on the ground surface is almost not available, and the trace of manually digging holes, filling soil and planting trees is not available, but a tree growing from a naked rock gap is found, the root of a plurality of trunks and the rock gap are tightly embraced together, and sparse trees on the stony desertification are luxuriant and luxuriant, like a parasol, and the whole mountain stony desertification area is shielded. Overlook from a distance, depressed onion; people can hardly imagine that a mountain desert without surface soil exists under the crown of a large patch of depressed onion. Further investigation shows that many invisible deep gaps, soil and water in the gaps are hidden under the limestone mountain desert with abundant rainfall in the south of the Yangtze river, and sufficient nutrients and water are provided for trees growing on the desert.
The mountain stony deserts refer to places where rocky desertification is formed due to the fact that water and soil are easy to run off and plants are poor in growth because holes and gaps exist in the karst regions (such as karst landforms) and the rocky earth surfaces are easy to leak water. Therefore, under such difficult conditions, plants are difficult to survive and grow.
The invention opens the precedent of the engineering field because no theory of utilizing deep gaps of mountain stony desert to plant trees and no engineering case of utilizing deep gaps of mountain stony desert to plant trees are proposed before.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and solve the technical task of overcoming the defects of the prior art, and changes the ecological recovery of the mountain stony desert from the mode of planting trees, shrubs and grasses in the terrace with huge chemical waste or blasting and digging water storage pits on rocks to hilly and plant trees into the mode of planting trees by utilizing deep gaps of the mountain stony desert to achieve the aim of greatly reducing the cost for planting trees in the mountain stony desert.
The invention relates to a method for planting trees by utilizing deep gaps of mountain stony desert, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. search for deep gaps
The deep gaps of the mountain stony desert can be searched by any one or more of the following four ways:
the method comprises the steps of finding out visible gaps distributed at low positions of rocks on a mountain desert, detecting the depth of the gaps by using a metal probe with the length of 1.5 m, changing the depth of the gaps to a gap with the depth of more than 1.3 m by using a metal probe with the length of 2m, and using a metal probe with the depth of more than 1.8 m and 3m to detect the depth of the gaps, and marking the detected gaps at the deep layer of the desert where trees can be planted.
Preferably, the metal probe is a metal strip with the diameter of the upper end between 8mm and 12mm, the diameter of the lower end between 2mm and 3mm, the length of the metal probe is 1.5 meters, 2 meters and 3 meters, and the metal probe is gradually reduced from the upper end to the lower end.
And secondly, manufacturing more than 1 funnel with the capacity of 10kg to 50kg, placing the funnel at the stony desert gap, filling water into the funnel, detecting the size and the depth of the stony desert gap from the water leakage speed, and marking the detected deep-layer gap of the stony desert.
Placing a probe of a detector for detecting the depth into the stony desert gap, detecting the size and the depth of the stony desert deep gap, and marking the detected stony desert deep gap;
and fourthly, placing a detector for detecting the depth on the desert gap, and marking the detected deep gap of the desert by the size and the depth of the gap below the detector.
Preferably, the detector is a sonar detector or an electromagnetic wave detector. More preferably, the detector is a sonar stratigraphic profiler.
Preferably, the detection depth of the detector is more than 15 meters.
Preferably, the detection depth of the detector is more than 20 meters.
The four methods for detecting deep gaps of the stony desert can be selected according to local conditions.
Planting sapling
The sapling can be planted in any one or two of the following ways:
mode one, the deep gap upper portion hole of stony desert is great, takes out the rubble in the hole or fills the lower part gap with the rubble along gravity, forms and plants the hole, loads the culture medium with the sack and constitutes the matrix package, plugs up the bottom hole of planting the hole, avoids in the culture medium leaks into the gap to influence the sapling and grow, fills up the culture medium in planting the hole, the surface of culture medium is put the matrix package, prevent that the torrential rain from washing away the culture medium, plant the sapling with conventional mode, wait the sapling grow up the back, the root system can pierce through the matrix package, extend to the gap depths.
And secondly, the upper part of deep gaps of the stony desert is narrow, the gaps are too small to be suitable for planting trees, the gaps of the stony desert are expanded to form planting pits, a cloth bag is used for filling a culture medium to form a medium bag, the bottom holes of the planting pits are blocked, the culture medium is prevented from leaking into the gaps, the planting pits are filled with the culture medium, the medium bag is arranged on the surface of the culture medium to prevent rainstorm from washing away the culture medium, the seedlings are planted in a conventional mode, and after the seedlings grow up, root systems can penetrate through the medium bag and extend to the deep parts of the gaps.
Preferably, the cloth bag is a non-woven cloth bag.
Preferably, the substrate bag is a non-woven fabric substrate bag.
Preferably, the manner of expanding the stony gaps is selected from explosive blasting and mechanical excavation.
Preferably, the manner of expanding the stony gap is to vertically place a micro explosive charge with the diameter of between 2 and 3cm and the length of between 25 and 50cm in the stony gap, and detonate the rock mass at the stony gap by a detonator.
Preferably, the gaps of the stony desert are expanded by using a pneumatic drill.
The mode of searching deep gaps and the mode of planting the saplings can be matched and combined at will.
Advantageous effects
The invention creates a new method for water and soil conservation and tree planting by utilizing deep gaps of the mountain stony desert, compared with the traditional method for planting trees by filling soil in terraced fields for trimming the mountain stony desert or planting trees by hilling and hilling water storage pits by blasting rocks, and has the advantages that the method utilizes the soil and water hidden in the deep gaps of the mountain stony desert to plant trees and forest trees, can avoid the high cost for building the terraced fields and hilling the water storage pits by blasting, and greatly reduces the cost for planting trees and forests on the mountain stony desert. Because the root system of the tree can grow downwards and extend in the dark and moist underground stone cracks, the root system of the tree can continuously grow to the deep part of the stone desert cracks along the cracks, meanwhile, the root system of the tree also extends to the rock cracks around along the rock wall, the root system is inserted into the rock cracks, the root system can absorb moisture and nutrients permeated into the rock cracks, the root system of the tree can absorb soil, humus and moisture in the cracks of the stone desert, the water and soil loss in the cracks of the stone desert is prevented, and the root system in the cracks of the stone desert provides moisture and nutrients for trunks, branches and tree crowns (leaves). The mountain stony desert can be shielded by the crown along with the continuous growth of the tree, the crown can block rainwater and can collect the rainwater to the trunk through the branches, the trunk leads the rainwater to the roots, and the roots lead the rainwater and humus to the stony desert gaps, so that the virtuous cycle of the mountain stony desert ecology is realized. The invention has the other beneficial effect that the development prospect of the natural resource of the 'underground space' which is not known by people and can be used for afforestation is shown to people.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a metal probe according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for detecting deep gaps of desert by using metal probes.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for detecting deep gaps of desert by pouring water into the gaps of desert.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention showing how to detect deep cracks in stony desert by using a "sonar stratigraphic profile instrument".
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention for detecting deep cracks in stony desert by using a geological "hole detector".
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the micro-explosive package placement position of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cultivation pit formed by digging out crushed stones after blasting of the explosive according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a non-woven fabric cultivation substrate pack, cultivation substrate placement and seedling planting according to the present invention.
In the drawings: 1. the method comprises the following steps of 1, metal probes, 2, a stony desert, 3, -layer gaps of the stony desert, 4, deep-layer gaps of the stony desert, 5, soil in the gaps, 6, a funnel, 7, a sonar stratigraphic profiler, 8, a geological 'hole detector', 9, a micro explosive package, 10, a planting pit, 11, a non-woven fabric matrix package, 12, a cultivation matrix, 13 and a sapling.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: the invention relates to a method for planting trees by utilizing deep gaps of mountain stony desert, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the deep gaps of the mountain stony desert can be detected and searched in four ways:
firstly, finding out visible gaps distributed at rock low-lying positions on a mountain desert, firstly detecting the depth of the gaps by using a metal probe 1 with the length of 1.5 m, and marking the detected deep gaps 4 of the desert where trees can be planted, wherein the depth of the gaps is larger than 1.3 m, and the depth of the gaps is larger than 1.8 m and needs to be detected by using a metal probe with the length of 3 m.
The metal probe 1 is a metal strip which has an upper end diameter of 8mm to 12mm, a lower end diameter of 2mm to 3mm, a length of 1.5 m, 2m and 3m and is gradually reduced from the upper end to the lower end.
Secondly, making a plurality of funnels 6 with the capacity of 10kg to 50kg, placing the funnels 6 at the gaps of the stony desert, filling water into the funnels, detecting the size and the depth of the gaps of the stony desert from the leakage speed of the water, and marking the detected deep gaps 4 of the stony desert.
Thirdly, placing the probe of the modified sonar stratigraphic profiler 7 with the detection depth of 20m into the stony desert gap, starting to detect the size and the depth of the stony desert deep gap, and marking the detected stony desert deep gap 4.
Fourthly, a geological 'hole detector' 8 with the detection depth of 20m is placed above the stony desert gap, the size and the depth of the gap below the start-up detector are marked on the detected stony desert deep gap 4.
The four methods for detecting deep gaps of the stony desert can be selected and used according to the local conditions.
The sapling planting can be carried out in two ways:
the upper part of a deep gap of a stony desert is large in hole, broken stones in the hole are taken out or filled into the lower part gap along the gravity to form a planting pit 10, a non-woven fabric bag is used for filling a culture medium to form a non-woven fabric medium bag, a bottom hole of the planting pit is blocked, the culture medium is prevented from leaking into the gap so as not to influence the growth of saplings, the planting pit is filled with the culture medium 12, the non-woven fabric medium bag is arranged on the surface of the culture medium, the culture medium is prevented from being washed away by rainstorm, and the saplings 13 are planted in a conventional mode.
Secondly, a miniature explosive package 9 with the diameter of 2cm to 3cm and the length of 25cm to 50cm is vertically placed in the deep gaps of the stony desert, the miniature explosive package is detonated by a detonator, rocks at the gaps of the stony desert are crushed by the blasting, crushed stones are dug out to form planting pits 10, non-woven fabric substrate packages 11 are used for sealing bottom holes of the planting pits to prevent the planting substrates 12 from leaking into the gaps, the planting pits are filled with the planting substrates 12, the non-woven fabric substrate packages 11 are placed on the surfaces of the planting substrates to prevent rainstorm from washing away the planting substrates, and tree seedlings 13 are planted in a conventional mode.
By adopting the method (a method of forming planting pits by utilizing and expanding the gaps of the stony desert to form the holes, filling the planting pits with the non-woven fabric substrate bags and blocking the gaps of the holes, and then planting and greening), the soil, water and fertilizer can be effectively preserved, the water and soil loss and leakage are reduced, the survival and the growth of plants are facilitated, and the water saving rate is over 50 percent.
Claims (7)
1. A method for planting trees by utilizing deep gaps of mountain stony desert is characterized in that: the mountain stony deserts refer to rocky desertification places formed by water and soil loss and poor plant growth of rocky ground surfaces in karst regions due to easy water leakage caused by underground holes and gaps; the afforestation method comprises two steps of searching deep gaps and planting saplings, wherein:
the method for searching the deep gap is selected from any one or more of the following four ways:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, finding out visible gaps distributed at low positions of rocks on a mountain stony desert, detecting the depth of the gaps by using a metal probe with the length of 1.5 m, changing the depth of the gaps to a gap with the depth of more than 1.3 m by using a metal probe with the length of 2m, using a metal probe with the depth of more than 1.8 m and using a metal probe with the length of 3m to detect the depth of the gaps, and marking the detected gaps at the deep layer of the stony desert where trees can be planted;
making more than 1 funnel with the capacity of 10kg to 50kg, placing the funnel at the stony desert gap, filling water into the funnel, detecting the size and the depth of the stony desert gap from the water leakage speed, and marking the detected deep-layer stony desert gap capable of being used for tree planting;
placing a probe of a detector for detecting the depth into the stony desert gap, detecting the size and the depth of the stony desert deep gap, and marking the detected stony desert deep gap capable of being used for tree planting;
fourthly, placing a detector for detecting the depth on the desert rock gap, marking the size and the depth of the gap below the detector on the detected desert rock deep gap capable of being used for planting trees;
the sapling planting selection adopts the following modes:
for the deep gaps of the stony desert, the upper part of the deep gaps is larger, broken stones in the gaps are taken out or filled into the lower part of the gaps along the gravity to form planting pits, a cloth bag is filled with a culture medium to form a medium bag, the bottom holes of the planting pits are blocked, the planting pits are filled with the culture medium, the medium bag is arranged on the surface of the culture medium, and the seedlings are planted in a conventional mode;
any one of the ways of searching for deep gaps is combined with the way of planting the saplings.
2. The method for afforestation by using deep gaps in mountain desert as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the metal probe is a metal strip with the diameter of the upper end between 8mm and 12mm and the diameter of the lower end between 2mm and 3mm, the metal strip gradually reduces from the upper end to the lower end, and the length of the metal probe is selected from 1.5 meters, 2 meters and 3 meters.
3. The method for planting trees in deep gaps of mountain desert as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cloth bag is a non-woven cloth bag; the substrate bag is a non-woven fabric substrate bag.
4. The method for planting trees in deep gaps of mountain desert as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the detector is a sonar detector or an electromagnetic wave detector.
5. The method for planting trees in deep gaps of mountain desert as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the detector is a sonar stratigraphic profiler or a cavity detector.
6. The method for planting trees in deep gaps of mountain desert as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the detection depth of the detector is more than 15 meters.
7. The method for planting trees in deep gaps of mountain desert as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the detection depth of the detector is more than 20 meters.
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| CN108260507A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-07-10 | 福建省春天生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of salt fog decanting zone basement rock matter littoral zone vegetation repair method |
| CN109744057A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-14 | 渭南顺天农用酵素科技有限公司 | A kind of afforestation technology suitable for Rocky Desertification Region |
| CN110243243A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-17 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | Rock matter mine method for quickly planting based on explosive funnel |
| CN110230311A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-09-13 | 华北水利水电大学 | A kind of shake stone fish-scale pit and its method of construction for Rocky Desertification Region improvement |
| CN110959449B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-08-17 | 深圳市高山水生态园林股份有限公司 | Planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rocky zone of south China |
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| CN104871785A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2015-09-02 | 钟静海 | Method for planting brazilwood and alpinia oxyphylla in stony desertification soil |
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