CN107132130A - A kind of 3 points, four-point bending test machine adjusts fixture with centering - Google Patents
A kind of 3 points, four-point bending test machine adjusts fixture with centering Download PDFInfo
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- CN107132130A CN107132130A CN201710447162.3A CN201710447162A CN107132130A CN 107132130 A CN107132130 A CN 107132130A CN 201710447162 A CN201710447162 A CN 201710447162A CN 107132130 A CN107132130 A CN 107132130A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0023—Bending
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0405—Features allowing alignment between specimen and chucks
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种三点、四点弯曲试验机用对中调整夹具，包括底板，在底板上固定有基座，其特征在于，在基座顶部的正中间设有对中凹槽，在基座的顶部设有沿左右方向设置的滑轨，在滑轨上滑动连接有左支撑臂和右支撑臂，在左支撑臂和右支撑臂的底部均设有第一紧固螺栓，在基座上设有沿前后方向设置的导向柱，所述导向柱的前端和后端均伸出基座外侧；在滑轨上装配有左右对中机构，在导向柱上装配有前后对中机构；本发明通过左右对中机构和前后对中机构的配合使用，对放置在左支撑臂和右支撑臂上的待检测条形试样实现了前后方向和左右方向额定高精度的对中调整，是一种结构紧凑、对中精度高的三点、四点弯曲试验机用对中调整夹具。
The invention discloses a centering adjustment jig for a three-point and four-point bending test machine, which includes a bottom plate on which a base is fixed, and is characterized in that a centering groove is arranged in the middle of the top of the base, and The top of the base is provided with a slide rail arranged along the left and right directions, on which the left support arm and the right support arm are slidably connected, and the bottoms of the left support arm and the right support arm are all provided with first fastening bolts, and on the base The base is provided with a guide column arranged along the front and rear directions, and the front and rear ends of the guide column extend out of the base; the slide rail is equipped with a left and right centering mechanism, and the guide column is equipped with a front and rear centering mechanism; Through the cooperative use of the left-right centering mechanism and the front-rear centering mechanism, the present invention realizes the centering adjustment with high precision in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction for the bar-shaped sample to be tested placed on the left support arm and the right support arm, which is A centering adjustment jig for three-point and four-point bending testing machines with compact structure and high centering precision.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于弯曲试验装置技术领域，特别是涉及一种三点、四点弯曲试验机用对中调整夹具。The invention belongs to the technical field of bending test devices, in particular to a centering adjustment jig for a three-point or four-point bending test machine.
背景技术Background technique
三点弯曲试验是检验金属、陶瓷、玻璃及各类电器的液晶显示屏幕等材料弯曲力学性能及断裂韧性的实验方法，样品一般有具体的规格要求，样品的三个接触点形成相等的两个力矩时即发生三点弯曲，标本将于中点处发生断裂。四点弯曲和三点弯曲类似，同样是测量材料弯曲性能的一种试验方法。将条状试样平放于弯曲试验夹具中，形成简支梁形式，支撑试样的两个下支撑点间的距离视试样长度可调，试样上方有两个对称的加载点。The three-point bending test is an experimental method for testing the bending mechanical properties and fracture toughness of materials such as metals, ceramics, glass, and liquid crystal display screens of various electrical appliances. The samples generally have specific specifications, and the three contact points of the sample form two equal parts. Three-point bending occurs when the moment is applied, and the specimen will fracture at the midpoint. Four-point bending is similar to three-point bending, and it is also a test method for measuring the bending properties of materials. Place the strip sample flat in the bending test fixture to form a simply supported beam. The distance between the two lower support points supporting the sample is adjustable depending on the length of the sample. There are two symmetrical loading points above the sample.
目前材料性能检测中的三点、四点弯曲试验夹具一般只起到支撑的作用，待测试样只是简单放置在夹具上面用材料试验机测试其弯曲性能，往往不能保证试样在夹具的中间位置，更不能保证试样放置位置和试验机压头之间的垂直度要求及试样和夹具的平行度要求，所以测试数据的精确度和真实性有待怀疑，特别在航空航天，精密仪器，电子产品等高技术领域的材料性能检测方面，传统的弯曲性能测试装置已经远不能满足测试精度要求，然而现在还没有针对三点、四点弯曲试验用的对中调整夹具，所以，一种三点、四点弯曲试验用对中调整夹具机构的研发势在必行。At present, the three-point and four-point bending test fixtures in material performance testing generally only play the role of support. The sample to be tested is simply placed on the fixture and tested for its bending performance with a material testing machine. It is often impossible to ensure that the sample is in the middle of the fixture. position, not to mention the verticality requirements between the sample placement position and the indenter of the testing machine and the parallelism requirements between the sample and the fixture, so the accuracy and authenticity of the test data are doubtful, especially in aerospace, precision instruments, In terms of material performance testing in high-tech fields such as electronic products, the traditional bending performance testing device is far from meeting the test accuracy requirements. However, there is no centering adjustment fixture for three-point and four-point bending tests. Therefore, a three-point It is imperative to develop the centering adjustment fixture mechanism for one-point and four-point bending tests.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种三点、四点弯曲试验机用对中调整夹具，实现了待测试样的对中调整，提高了待测试样的支撑点对中性的精度要求。The object of the present invention is to provide a centering adjustment jig for a three-point and four-point bending testing machine, which realizes the centering adjustment of the sample to be tested and improves the precision requirement for the centering of the support point of the sample to be tested.
本发明为达到上述目的所采取的技术方案是：The technical scheme that the present invention takes for achieving the above object is:
一种三点、四点弯曲试验机用对中调整夹具，包括底板，在底板上固定有基座，在基座顶部的正中间设有对中凹槽，在基座的顶部设有沿左右方向设置的滑轨，在滑轨上滑动连接有左支撑臂和右支撑臂，在左支撑臂和右支撑臂的底部均设有第一紧固螺栓，在基座上设有沿前后方向设置的导向柱，所述导向柱的前端和后端均伸出基座外侧；在滑轨上装配有左右对中机构，在导向柱上装配有前后对中机构。A centering adjustment jig for a three-point or four-point bending test machine, including a bottom plate, a base is fixed on the bottom plate, a centering groove is arranged in the middle of the top of the base, and left and right edges are arranged on the top of the base. The slide rails set in the direction, the left support arm and the right support arm are slidably connected on the slide rail, the first fastening bolts are arranged at the bottom of the left support arm and the right support arm, and the front and rear direction is set on the base. The guide column, the front end and the rear end of the guide column are all protruding from the outside of the base; the left and right centering mechanism is installed on the slide rail, and the front and rear centering mechanism is installed on the guide column.
优选的，所述左右对中机构包括底部均与滑轨滑动连接的左定位臂和右定位臂，在左定位臂和右定位臂的底部均设有第二紧固螺栓，在左定位臂的顶端一体设有左定位爪，在右定位臂的顶端一体设有右定位爪，所述左定位臂位于左支撑臂的左侧，右定位臂位于右支撑臂的右侧，且左支撑臂和右支撑臂关于对中凹槽对称，左定位臂和右定位臂关于对中凹槽对称；沿左右依次贯穿左定位臂、左支撑臂、右支撑臂和右定位臂设有左右调节螺杆，所述左右调节螺杆与左支撑臂、右支撑臂均滑动连接，左右调节螺杆与左定位臂、右支撑臂均螺纹连接，且左定位臂与右定位臂的螺纹相反。Preferably, the left and right centering mechanism includes a left positioning arm and a right positioning arm whose bottoms are slidably connected to the slide rails, and second fastening bolts are arranged at the bottoms of the left positioning arm and the right positioning arm, and the left positioning arm The top is integrally provided with a left positioning claw, and the top of the right positioning arm is integrally provided with a right positioning claw, the left positioning arm is positioned at the left side of the left support arm, the right positioning arm is positioned at the right side of the right support arm, and the left support arm and The right support arm is symmetrical about the centering groove, and the left positioning arm and the right positioning arm are symmetrical about the centering groove; The left and right adjustment screw rods are all slidably connected with the left support arm and the right support arm, the left and right adjustment screw rods are threaded with the left positioning arm and the right support arm, and the threads of the left positioning arm and the right positioning arm are opposite.
优选的，所述前后对中机构包括底部均与导向柱滑动连接的前定位臂和后定位臂，在前定位臂和后定位臂的底部均设有第二紧固螺栓，在前定位臂的顶端一体设有前定位爪，在后定位臂的顶端一体设有后定位爪，前定位臂和后定位臂分别位于基座前方和后方，沿前后依次贯穿前定位臂和后定位臂设有前后调节螺杆，所述前后调节螺杆与前定位臂、后定位臂均螺纹连接，且前定位臂和后定位臂的螺纹相反。Preferably, the front and rear centering mechanism includes a front positioning arm and a rear positioning arm whose bottoms are slidably connected to the guide column, and second fastening bolts are arranged at the bottoms of the front positioning arm and the rear positioning arm, and the front positioning arm The front positioning claw is integrally provided on the top, and the rear positioning claw is integrally provided on the top of the rear positioning arm. An adjusting screw rod, the front and rear adjusting screw rods are threadedly connected with the front positioning arm and the rear positioning arm, and the threads of the front positioning arm and the rear positioning arm are opposite.
优选的，在左支撑臂和右支撑臂的顶部均设有沿前后方向设置的支撑辊槽，在支撑辊槽内放置有支承辊，所述支承辊采用绝缘材质，在支承辊上放置待测试样，所述支撑辊槽宽度为支承辊直径的1.1～1.3倍，支撑辊槽深度大于支承辊半径且小于支撑辊直径。Preferably, the tops of the left support arm and the right support arm are provided with support roller grooves arranged along the front and rear directions, and support rollers are placed in the support roller grooves, and the support rollers are made of insulating material. For the sample, the width of the support roll groove is 1.1 to 1.3 times the diameter of the support roll, and the depth of the support roll groove is greater than the radius of the support roll and smaller than the diameter of the support roll.
优选的，所述前定位爪和后定位爪均包括并排的两个分定位爪。Preferably, both the front positioning claw and the rear positioning claw include two sub-positioning claws arranged side by side.
本发明所具有的有益效果为：本发明通过左右对中机构和前后对中机构的配合使用，对放置在左支撑臂和右支撑臂上的待检测条形试样实现了前后方向和左右方向额定高精度的对中调整，是一种结构紧凑、对中精度高的三点、四点弯曲试验机用对中调整夹具。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention realizes front-rear direction and left-right direction for the bar-shaped sample to be detected placed on the left support arm and the right support arm through the cooperative use of the left-right centering mechanism and the front-rear centering mechanism. Rated high-precision centering adjustment, it is a centering adjustment fixture for three-point and four-point bending testing machines with compact structure and high centering precision.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明去掉前后对中机构时的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation when the present invention removes front and rear centering mechanism;
图2为本发明去掉左右对中机构时的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram when the left and right centering mechanisms are removed in the present invention;
图3为图2中前定位臂的左视图。Fig. 3 is a left view of the front positioning arm in Fig. 2 .
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1和图2所示，一种三点、四点弯曲试验机用对中调整夹具，包括底板16，在底板16上固定有基座1，在基座1顶部的正中间设有对中凹槽17，在基座1的顶部设有沿左右方向设置的滑轨2，在滑轨2上滑动连接有左支撑臂6和右支撑臂11，在左支撑臂6和右支撑臂11的底部均设有第一紧固螺栓3，14，在基座1上设有沿前后方向设置的导向柱18，所述导向柱18的前端和后端均伸出基座1外侧；在滑轨2上装配有左右对中机构，在导向柱18上装配有前后对中机构。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a centering adjustment fixture for a three-point and four-point bending testing machine includes a base plate 16 on which a base 1 is fixed, and a centering adjustment fixture is provided in the middle of the top of the base 1. In the groove 17, the top of the base 1 is provided with a slide rail 2 arranged in the left-right direction, on which the left support arm 6 and the right support arm 11 are slidably connected, and the left support arm 6 and the right support arm 11 The bottom of each is provided with the first fastening bolts 3,14, and the base 1 is provided with a guide column 18 arranged along the front and back directions, and the front end and the rear end of the guide column 18 all protrude from the base 1 outside; The left and right centering mechanisms are installed on the rail 2, and the front and rear centering mechanisms are installed on the guide column 18.
如图1所示，所述左右对中机构包括底部均与滑轨2滑动连接的左定位臂4和右定位臂13，在左定位臂4和右定位臂13的底部均设有第二紧固螺栓3,14用以固定左定位臂4和右定位臂13，在左定位臂4的顶端一体设有左定位爪7，在右定位臂13的顶端一体设有右定位爪10，所述左定位臂4位于左支撑臂6的左侧，右定位臂13位于右支撑臂11的右侧，且左支撑臂6和右支撑臂11关于对中凹槽17对称，左定位臂4和右定位臂13关于对中凹槽17对称；沿左右依次贯穿左定位臂4、左支撑臂6、右支撑臂11和右定位臂13设有左右调节螺杆15，所述左右调节螺杆15与左支撑臂6、右支撑臂11均滑动连接，左右调节螺杆15与左定位臂4、右支撑臂13均螺纹连接，且左定位臂4与右定位臂13的螺纹相反即左右调节螺杆15上左半部分和右半部分的螺纹也相反，从而当旋转左右调节螺杆15时，左定位臂4与右定位臂13同步向中间靠拢或同步向左右两端分开。As shown in Figure 1, the left and right centering mechanism includes a left positioning arm 4 and a right positioning arm 13 whose bottoms are all slidably connected with the slide rail 2, and the bottoms of the left positioning arm 4 and the right positioning arm 13 are provided with a second tightening arm. The fixed bolts 3 and 14 are used to fix the left positioning arm 4 and the right positioning arm 13. The top of the left positioning arm 4 is integrally provided with the left positioning claw 7, and the top of the right positioning arm 13 is integrally provided with the right positioning claw 10. Left positioning arm 4 is positioned at the left side of left support arm 6, and right positioning arm 13 is positioned at the right side of right support arm 11, and left support arm 6 and right support arm 11 are symmetrical about centering groove 17, and left positioning arm 4 and right The positioning arm 13 is symmetrical about the centering groove 17; the left positioning arm 4, the left supporting arm 6, the right supporting arm 11 and the right positioning arm 13 are successively provided with the left and right adjusting screw rods 15 along the left and right sides, and the left and right adjusting screw rods 15 are connected with the left supporting Arm 6, right support arm 11 are all slidingly connected, left and right adjustment screw rod 15 is all threaded with left positioning arm 4, right support arm 13, and the screw thread of left positioning arm 4 and right positioning arm 13 is opposite, that is, the left half of left and right adjustment screw rod 15 The threads of the part and the right half are also opposite, so that when the left and right adjusting screw rods 15 are rotated, the left positioning arm 4 and the right positioning arm 13 move closer to the middle synchronously or separate to the left and right ends synchronously.
如图2所示，为本发明去掉左右对中机构时，在图1中沿A-A向的结构示意图，所述前后对中机构包括底部均与导向柱18滑动连接的前定位臂19和后定位臂23，在前定位臂19和后定位臂23的底部均设有第二紧固螺栓（图中未示出）；在前定位臂19的顶端一体设有前定位爪21，在后定位臂23的顶端一体设有后定位爪22，前定位臂19和后定位臂23分别位于基座1前方和后方，沿前后依次贯穿前定位臂19和后定位臂23设有前后调节螺杆20，所述前后调节螺杆20与前定位臂19、后定位臂23均螺纹连接，且前定位臂19和后定位臂23的螺纹相反，即前后调节螺杆20上前半部分和后半部分的螺纹也相反，从而当旋转前后调节螺杆20时，前定位臂19、后定位臂23同步向中间靠拢或同步向前后两端分开。As shown in Figure 2, when the left and right centering mechanisms are removed for the present invention, the structure schematic diagram along A-A in Figure 1, the front and rear centering mechanisms include a front positioning arm 19 and a rear positioning arm 19 whose bottom is all slidably connected with the guide column 18. Arm 23, the bottom of front positioning arm 19 and rear positioning arm 23 are all provided with the second fastening bolt (not shown in the figure); The top of 23 is integrally provided with rear positioning claw 22, and front positioning arm 19 and rear positioning arm 23 are respectively positioned at the front and rear of base 1. The front and rear adjusting screw rods 20 are all threadedly connected with the front positioning arm 19 and the rear positioning arm 23, and the threads of the front positioning arm 19 and the rear positioning arm 23 are opposite, that is, the threads of the front and rear half parts of the front and rear adjustment screw rods 20 are also opposite. Thus when the front and rear adjusting screw rods 20 are rotated, the front positioning arm 19 and the rear positioning arm 23 move closer to the middle synchronously or separate from the front and rear ends synchronously.
如图3所示，由于条形试样在放置时沿着左右方向较长，进一步所述前定位爪21和后定位爪22均包括并排的两个分定位爪26以增加对待测条形试样定位时的平稳性，同时还设有用于装配前后调节螺杆20的螺纹孔25和用于装配导向柱18的贯穿孔24。As shown in Figure 3, since the strip sample is placed along the left-right direction longer, further described front positioning claws 21 and rear positioning claws 22 all include two sub-positioning claws 26 side by side to increase the size of the strip sample to be tested. The stability when the sample is positioned, is also provided with a threaded hole 25 for assembling the front and rear adjusting screw 20 and a through hole 24 for assembling the guide column 18.
进一步，在左支撑臂6和右支撑臂11的顶部均设有沿前后方向设置的支撑辊槽，在支撑辊槽内放置有支承辊8，所述支承辊8采用绝缘材质，在支承辊8上放置待测条形试样9，所述支撑辊槽宽度为支承辊8直径的1.1～1.3倍，支撑辊槽深度大于支承辊8半径且小于支撑辊8直径。Further, the tops of the left support arm 6 and the right support arm 11 are provided with support roller grooves arranged along the front and rear directions, and support rollers 8 are placed in the support roller grooves, and the support rollers 8 are made of insulating material. Place the strip sample 9 to be tested on top, the width of the support roller groove is 1.1 to 1.3 times the diameter of the support roller 8, and the depth of the support roller groove is greater than the radius of the support roller 8 and smaller than the diameter of the support roller 8.
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features, but these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
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| CN109175112A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-11 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of aperture synchronizes the thin plate bending experimental rig of symmetrical adjustment and punch-pin quick change |
| CN109459305A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-12 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of concrete for hydraulic structure Fatigue Cracking Test device |
| CN109765122A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-05-17 | 崔云兰 | A kind of auto parts and components bending resistance cubing and its application method |
| CN109765121A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-05-17 | 崔云兰 | A kind of anti-bending test mechanism and method of automobile pipe parts |
| CN112730098A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-04-30 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Clamp for three-point bending test of small sample |
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