CN107121593A - The measuring method of rf electric field frequency based on Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect - Google Patents
The measuring method of rf electric field frequency based on Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN107121593A CN107121593A CN201710261673.6A CN201710261673A CN107121593A CN 107121593 A CN107121593 A CN 107121593A CN 201710261673 A CN201710261673 A CN 201710261673A CN 107121593 A CN107121593 A CN 107121593A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method of the rf electric field frequency based on Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect.The measurement error that exists present invention aim to address existing rf electric field frequency measurement method is big, being difficult to the technical problem that accurately measures, there is provided a kind of measuring method of the rf electric field frequency based on Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect.The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：Radio frequency sideband can be produced under rf electric field to be measured effect using the electromagnetic induced transparency spectrum of Rydberg atom, by measuring the frequency interval between sideband spectrum and EIT principal spectrums, so as to measure the frequency of rf electric field to be measured.The present invention is directly based upon atomic energy level parameter and measured, and measurement process can be traceable to physics constant, it is possible to use atomic parameter carries out self calibration, and electric field to be measured is not interfered with, independent of extraneous measurement standard；The present invention implements very simple with very high measurement accuracy and self aligning characteristic, whole method, it is easy to popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method of the rf electric field frequency based on Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect.
Background technology
The accurate measurement of rf electric field frequency is significant in the field such as communication and military science and technology.It is existing to penetrate
The measuring method of frequency electric field frequency is the oscillation source using standard frequency or the natural frequency using radiofrequency field resonator
It is compared with the frequency of measured signal；But the natural frequency of the oscillation source resonant cavity of standard frequency is required for measuring
There is certain error in calibration, calibration process, this causes the uncertainty increase of measurement, it is difficult to realize the essence of rf electric field frequency
Really measurement, and calibration can bring extra-pay.
The content of the invention
The measurement error that exists present invention aim to address existing rf electric field frequency measurement method is big, be difficult to
There is provided a kind of measurement side of the rf electric field frequency based on Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect for the technical problem accurately measured
Method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of measuring method of the rf electric field frequency based on Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect, comprises the following steps：
(a) the glass caesium bubble of alkali metal atom steam is will be equipped with as atomic sample pond, the both sides point in atomic sample pond
Not She You high reflectivity mirror and dichroic mirror, the outside of dichroic mirror be provided with photodetector；
(b) first laser light source sends detection light, and the Frequency Locking for detecting light is swashed in alkali metal atom ground state to first
On the resonant transition line for sending out state, detection light incides atomic sample pond through high reflectivity mirror from the one end in atomic sample pond
In, the detection light through atomic sample pond is incided through dichroic mirror to be detected on photodetector；
(c) second laser light source sends coupling light, and coupling light incides original through dichroic mirror from the other end in atomic sample pond
In subsample pond, reversely conllinear in atomic sample pond with detection light to propagate, the first of coupling optical coupling alkali metal atom excites
State and Rydberg energy levels nS1/2State or nD5/2,3/2State；
(d) second laser light source in the first excited state of alkali metal atom to Rydberg energy levels nS1/2State or nD5/2,3/2State
Resonant transition line near scanning coupling light frequency, photodetector is detected the electromagnetic induced transparency of no background of doppler
Spectrum；
(e) device for measuring rf electric field frequency is positioned in rf electric field to be measured, in the effect of rf electric field to be measured
Under, the electromagnetic induced transparency spectrum described in (d) step produces radio frequency sideband, and the position that sideband spectral line occurs meets following public
Formula：
In formula,For the planck constant of reduction；ων,NTo excite light frequency needed for producing N grades of radio frequency sidebands；WνRepresent
The position that EIT main peaks occur；ωRFFor the frequency of rf electric field to be measured；N is sideband series, and N is even number；
Measure sideband spectral lineWith EIT main peaks WνFrequency interval between position, then divided by its corresponding sideband series
N, that is, measure the frequency of rf electric field to be measured.
Further, the alkali metal atom is Cs atom；Detect ground state 6S of the Frequency Locking in Cs atom of light1/2, F
=4 arrive first excited state 6P3/2, on the resonant transition line of F '=5；In the first excited state 6P of Cs atom3/2, Reed is arrived in F '=5
Fort energy level nS1/2State or nD5/2,3/2The frequency of scanning coupling light near the resonant transition line of state.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The invention provides a kind of side based on atomic energy level parameter measurement RF field frequency
Method, using Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect, by measuring the lower sideband spectral line and EIT produced of rf electric field effect to be measured
Frequency interval between (electromagnetic induced transparency) main peak, so as to obtain the frequency of rf electric field；The present invention is based on directly on atom
The measurement that level parameters are carried out, measurement process can be traceable to physics constant, it is possible to use atomic parameter carries out self calibration,
Electric field to be measured is not interfered with, independent of extraneous measurement standard；The present invention is with very high measurement accuracy and self calibration
Characteristic, overcomes that the measurement error that existing rf electric field frequency measurement method is present is big, is difficult to the technology that accurately measures
Problem, whole method implements very simple, it is easy to popularization and application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is to realize the two-photon resonance of the present invention based on Rydberg atom three-lever system electromagnetic induced transparency
Excite schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the Rydberg energy levels schematic diagram that the present invention is modulated based on rf electric field；
In figure：λ c are the wavelength of coupling light, and λ p are the wavelength of detection light, ωRFFor the frequency of rf electric field to be measured.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of measuring method of rf electric field frequency based on Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect in the present embodiment, bag
Include following steps：
(a) the glass caesium that will be equipped with alkali metal atom steam is steeped as Cs atom sample cell 1, in Cs atom sample cell 1
Both sides are respectively equipped with high reflectivity mirror 4 and dichroic mirror 5, photodetector 6 are provided with the outside of dichroic mirror 5, in high reflection
The light path entrance port of rate speculum 4 is provided with first laser light source 2, and second laser light source is provided with the light path entrance port of dichroic mirror 5
3, the front of the high reflectivity mirror 4 and dichroic mirror 5 is with the horizontal 45 degree of angles (as shown in Figure 1)；
(b) first laser light source 2 sends detection light, will detect ground state 6S of the Frequency Locking in Cs atom of light1/2, F=4
To first excited state 6P3/2, on the resonant transition line of F '=5, detection light is through high reflectivity mirror 4 from Cs atom sample cell 1
One end is incided in Cs atom sample cell 1, and the detection light through Cs atom sample cell 1 through dichroic mirror 5 incides photodetector 6
It is upper to be detected；
(c) second laser light source 3 sends coupling light, and the other end of the coupling light through dichroic mirror 5 from Cs atom sample cell 1 is incident
It is reversely conllinear in Cs atom sample cell 1 with detection light to propagate into Cs atom sample cell 1, the of coupling optical coupling Cs atom
One excitation state 6P3/2, F '=5 and Rydberg energy levels nS1/2State or nD5/2,3/2State；
(d) first excited state 6P of the second laser light source 3 in Cs atom3/2, Rydberg energy levels nS is arrived in F '=51/2State or
nD5/2,3/2The frequency of scanning coupling light, makes photodetector 6 detect the electricity of no background of doppler near the resonant transition line of state
The transparent spectrum of magnetic induction；
(e) device for measuring rf electric field frequency is positioned in rf electric field to be measured, in the effect of rf electric field to be measured
Under, the electromagnetic induced transparency spectrum described in (d) step produces radio frequency sideband, and the position that sideband spectral line occurs meets following public
Formula：
In formula,For the planck constant of reduction；ων,NTo excite light frequency needed for producing N grades of radio frequency sidebands；WνRepresent
The position that EIT main peaks occur；ωRFFor the frequency of rf electric field to be measured；N is sideband series, due to the limitation of transition speed,
Can only occur the sideband of even level in the spectral line of observation, i.e. N is even number；
By measuring sideband spectral lineWith EIT main peaks WνFrequency interval between position, then divided by its corresponding sideband
Series N, that is, measure the frequency of rf electric field to be measured；Sideband spectral lineWith EIT main peaks WνFrequency interval between position is by alkali
The Hyperfine level structure of metallic atom first excited state energy level is calibrated.
Cs atom sample cell 1 in the present embodiment is the cylindrical glass caesium bubble filled with Cs atom steam, the Cs atom
It can also be replaced with otheralkali metal such as rubidium atoms.
First laser light source 2 and second laser light source 3 in the present embodiment are laser.
The method of the invention has larger frequency measurement scope, and the frequency range of detectable rf electric field is
1MHz-1GHz。
Claims (2)
1. a kind of measuring method of the rf electric field frequency based on Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
(a) the glass caesium that will be equipped with alkali metal atom steam is steeped as atomic sample pond (1), the both sides in atomic sample pond (1)
High reflectivity mirror (4) and dichroic mirror (5) are respectively equipped with, photodetector (6) is provided with the outside of dichroic mirror (5)；
(b) first laser light source (2) sends detection light, and the Frequency Locking for detecting light is excited in alkali metal atom ground state to first
On the resonant transition line of state, detection light incides atomic sample through high reflectivity mirror (4) from the one end of atomic sample pond (1)
In pond (1), the detection light through atomic sample pond (1) is incided through dichroic mirror (5) to be detected on photodetector (6)；
(c) second laser light source (3) sends coupling light, and the other end of the coupling light through dichroic mirror (5) from atomic sample pond (1) is incident
It is reversely conllinear in atomic sample pond (1) with detection light to propagate in atomic sample pond (1), couple optical coupling alkali metal atom
First excited state and Rydberg energy levels nS1/2State or nD5/2,3/2State；
(d) second laser light source (3) in the first excited state of alkali metal atom to Rydberg energy levels nS1/2State or nD5/2,3/2State
Near resonant transition line scanning coupling light frequency, make photodetector (6) detect no background of doppler electromagnetic induction it is saturating
Compose Mingguang City；
(e) device for measuring rf electric field frequency is positioned in rf electric field to be measured, in the presence of rf electric field to be measured,
(d) the electromagnetic induced transparency spectrum described in step produces radio frequency sideband, and the position that sideband spectral line occurs meets equation below：
In formula,For the planck constant of reduction；ων,NTo excite light frequency needed for producing N grades of radio frequency sidebands；WνRepresent EIT
The position that main peak occurs；ωRFFor the frequency of rf electric field to be measured；N is sideband series, and N is even number；
Measure sideband spectral lineWith EIT main peaks WνFrequency interval between position, then divided by its corresponding sideband series N, i.e.,
Measure the frequency of rf electric field to be measured.
2. a kind of measurement side of rf electric field frequency based on Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that：The alkali metal atom is Cs atom；Detect ground state 6S of the Frequency Locking in Cs atom of light1/2, F=4
To first excited state 6P3/2, on the resonant transition line of F '=5；In the first excited state 6P of Cs atom3/2, Rydberg energy is arrived in F '=5
Level nS1/2State or nD5/2,3/2The frequency of scanning coupling light near the resonant transition line of state.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107579408A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-12 | 山西大学 | Single-photon source generation device based on fiber waveguide |
| CN108809341A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-13 | 山西大学 | A kind of quantum antenna frequency modulation wave receiving device and method based on Rydberg atom |
| CN109163815A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-08 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of millimeter wave detection method and device |
| CN110401492A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-11-01 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of radio amplitude-modulated signal method of reseptance and amplitude modulation Quantum receiver based on quantum effect |
| CN110752883A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-02-04 | 西安电子科技大学 | Design method of ultralow-noise radio frequency receiver based on Reedberg atomic transition |
| WO2020140148A1 (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-09 | Quantum Valley Ideas Laboratories | Imaging of electromagnetic fields |
| CN112285444A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-29 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Terahertz electric field measuring method, system and device |
| CN112824930A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-05-21 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | Microwave laser bidirectional coherent conversion device based on rydberg atoms |
| CN113376449A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-10 | 合肥衡元量子技术有限公司 | Low-frequency microwave electric field sensor based on rydberg atoms and detection method |
| CN115561518A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-01-03 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Electromagnetic wave frequency measuring method and device based on rydberg atoms |
| CN117665417A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-03-08 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Low-frequency electric field measuring device and measuring method based on Redberg atoms |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107579408A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-12 | 山西大学 | Single-photon source generation device based on fiber waveguide |
| CN108809341A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-13 | 山西大学 | A kind of quantum antenna frequency modulation wave receiving device and method based on Rydberg atom |
| CN110401492A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-11-01 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of radio amplitude-modulated signal method of reseptance and amplitude modulation Quantum receiver based on quantum effect |
| CN109163815A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-08 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of millimeter wave detection method and device |
| CN109163815B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-08-18 | 华南师范大学 | Millimeter wave detection method and device |
| WO2020140148A1 (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-09 | Quantum Valley Ideas Laboratories | Imaging of electromagnetic fields |
| CN110752883A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-02-04 | 西安电子科技大学 | Design method of ultralow-noise radio frequency receiver based on Reedberg atomic transition |
| CN110752883B (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-08-03 | 西安电子科技大学 | Design method of ultralow-noise radio frequency receiver based on Reedberg atomic transition |
| CN112824930A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-05-21 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | Microwave laser bidirectional coherent conversion device based on rydberg atoms |
| CN112824930B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2023-07-11 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | Microwave laser bidirectional coherent conversion device based on Redberg atoms |
| CN112285444A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-29 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Terahertz electric field measuring method, system and device |
| CN113376449A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-10 | 合肥衡元量子技术有限公司 | Low-frequency microwave electric field sensor based on rydberg atoms and detection method |
| CN113376449B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-02-11 | 合肥衡元量子技术有限公司 | Low-frequency microwave electric field sensor based on rydberg atoms and detection method |
| CN115561518A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-01-03 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Electromagnetic wave frequency measuring method and device based on rydberg atoms |
| CN115561518B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-09-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Electromagnetic wave frequency measurement method and device based on Redberg atoms |
| CN117665417A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-03-08 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Low-frequency electric field measuring device and measuring method based on Redberg atoms |
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