CN107114807A - Portable new fresh date peeling stoner - Google Patents

Portable new fresh date peeling stoner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107114807A
CN107114807A CN201710418830.XA CN201710418830A CN107114807A CN 107114807 A CN107114807 A CN 107114807A CN 201710418830 A CN201710418830 A CN 201710418830A CN 107114807 A CN107114807 A CN 107114807A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
peeling
hole
shell
stoning
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201710418830.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107114807B (en
Inventor
杨春
张江宁
张玲
丁卫英
韩基明
杜亚军
郝爱军
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Research Institute of Agro Products Processing of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Research Institute of Agro Products Processing of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN201710418830.XA priority Critical patent/CN107114807B/en
Publication of CN107114807A publication Critical patent/CN107114807A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23NMACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N4/00Machines for stoning fruit or removing seed-containing sections from fruit, characterised by their stoning or removing device
    • A23N4/02Machines for stoning fruit or removing seed-containing sections from fruit, characterised by their stoning or removing device for stoning fruit
    • A23N4/08Machines for stoning fruit or removing seed-containing sections from fruit, characterised by their stoning or removing device for stoning fruit for dates, olives or the like oblong fruits
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23NMACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N7/00Peeling vegetables or fruit
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/90Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is a kind of portable new fresh date peeling stoner, including base, support beam, stoning bar, upper fixture, lower fixture, peeling cylinder and linking arm, support beam is articulated with base, upper and lower fixture is mounted opposite in support beam and base, stoning bar is installed in support beam and is inserted into fixture, remove the peel arrangement bristle in cylinder, cylinder is removed the peel to install on the connecting arm by bearing, the other end of linking arm is articulated with base, motor is installed, motor output end is connected with peeling cylinder by gear engagement in linking arm.Apparatus of the present invention are novel in design, simple in construction, compact portable, easy to operate, with low cost, while having had the function of peeling stoning concurrently.Peeling function is covered with the peeling cylinder of bristle using inwall, and by removing the peel the continuous rotation of cylinder, the bristle in it is also constantly brushed to fructus corni, so as to reach the function of peeling, peeling is clean, ultrahigh in efficiency.Kernel function is gone to carry out impact stoning to jujube core using stoning bar, stoning precision is accurate, ultrahigh in efficiency.

Description

Portable new fresh date peeling stoner
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of portable new fresh date peeling stoner the present invention relates to food processing technology field.
Background technology
Jujube is China's cultivated area is wide, huge number, containing abundant vitamin and anti-oxidant aldehydes matter, with supporting The multiple efficacies such as blood tonifying Qi, anti-aging.New fresh date water content and sugar content are high and clear and melodious tasty, firmly get people and like, but Be fructus corni and jujube verification people eating mouth feel or can have a certain impact, so if can to fresh dates carry out peeling stoning at If reason, eating mouth feel can not only be improved, and convenience can also be provided for the post-production of jujube.
In the prior art, the processing method for the peeling of fresh dates has infusion method, machine barking method etc., and infusion method is will be red Jujube is immersed in warm water or chemical immersion liquid, and peeling is picked up after jujube is got fat, so not only inefficiency, and having an effect on red The post-production quality of jujube;And the machine that machine barking method is used is present that volume is big, complicated, cost is high, remove the peel not Net the problems such as.For the stoning processing of fresh dates, typically all by the way of impact stoning, but such device equally exists structure Complicated, cost is high, the low problem of efficiency.In addition, in the prior art, also rarely have and be provided simultaneously with peeling and remove kernel function and easy to carry Device.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and provide a kind of portable new scarlet Jujube removes the peel stoner.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of portable new fresh date peeling stoner, including base, support beam, stoning bar, upper fixture, lower fixture, peeling cylinder And linking arm;
Described base includes offering activity in the first through hole above and below top plate, shell on shell, the top plate of shell and inserted Equipped with the drawer that can be promoted and pull out;
Described support beam includes vertical beam, and the bottom of vertical beam and the sheath top plate of base are articulated and connected and hinged place is provided with torsion bullet Spring;It is fixed with crossbeam, crossbeam and the position of first through hole on the shell of base is offered on crossbeam at the top of vertical beam just Under the second through hole, be fixed with the connecting tube docked with the second through hole on the lower surface of crossbeam, the internal diameter of connecting tube is more than or waited In the diameter of the second through hole, the outer tube wall of connecting tube is provided with connection screw thread;
Described stoning bar includes the body of rod, and the lower slide of the body of rod is inserted into the second through hole of crossbeam and connecting tube, the body of rod Top, which is provided with to press, to be located at the part pressed between button and crossbeam and is arranged with compression spring on button, the body of rod;
Described upper fixture includes upper sleeve pipe, and the inner tubal wall of upper sleeve pipe is provided with connection screw thread, and upper casing pipe sleeve is outside connecting tube And the two is threadedly coupled;The bottom of upper sleeve pipe is fixed with the downward upper card cap of cap mouthful, and the crown of upper card cap offers and supplies the body of rod First passed through is by hole;
Described lower fixture includes setting of casing, and cased top is fixed with the upward lower card cap of cap mouthful, and the cap bottom of lower card cap Supply jujube core to pass through second is offered by hole;The cased bottom mouth of pipe be fixed on the top plate of shell and with first through hole pair Connect;
Described peeling cylinder includes inner barrel and outer cylinder body, and inner barrel is actively plugged in outer cylinder body, and is tenon therebetween The fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches is connected;It is covered with the bristle for pointing to inner cylinder body axis direction on the inwall of inner barrel and the position at inner cylinder body axis is left Neck for holding jujube grain;The bottom of outer cylinder body is fixed with a loop driving cog along its outer wall;Peeling cylinder is placed in upper and lower card Between tool, wherein, upper card cap is located at the upper tube port position of inner barrel, and lower card cap is located at the lower tube port position of inner barrel;
Described linking arm includes collar, and one end of collar is fixed with oblique arm, and the other end of oblique arm and the top plate of shell are hinged company Connect and hinged place is provided with torque spring;Collar suit is fixed on outer cylinder body and is provided with bearing therebetween, is installed in oblique arm There is motor, the output end of motor is provided with the travelling gear being connected with the endless drive tooth engagement on outer cylinder body, and motor switch is set In on shell or oblique arm.
As preferred technical scheme, the bottom end face of the described body of rod offers the semi-circular recesses of indent, semicircle The trough rim of groove intersects with the outer wall of the body of rod, and intersection is sharp sword design.
During the work of apparatus of the present invention, fresh dates holding is in the neck at peeling cylinder inner barrel bristle axis, upper and lower fixture Fresh dates are fixed, start motor switch, motor is rotated, drive peeling cylinder to rotate, because fresh dates are fixed not by upper and lower fixture It is dynamic, so bristle constantly can carry out brushing processing to fresh dates fructus corni, until the fructus corni of fresh dates is cleaned down;It is then shut off electricity Machine, stoning bar is pressed with hand moment, and the jujube core of fresh dates is ejected under the impact of stoning bar, dropped down onto in the drawer of base, so that It is finally completed peeling stoning operation.
Apparatus of the present invention are novel in design, simple in construction, compact portable, easy to operate, with low cost, while having had fresh dates concurrently Remove the peel the dual-use function of stoning.Peeling function is covered with the peeling cylinder of bristle using inwall, by removing the peel the continuous rotation of cylinder, in it Bristle also constantly fresh dates fructus corni is brushed, so as to reach the function of peeling, and peeling is clean, ultrahigh in efficiency.Go Kernel function carries out impact stoning to jujube core using stoning bar, and stoning precision is accurate, ultrahigh in efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation Fig. 1 of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is structural representation Fig. 2 of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of upper fixture in apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of lower fixture in apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the overlooking the structure diagram of peeling cylinder and linking arm in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is A-A sectional views in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is stoning club shaft bottom longitudinal sectional view in apparatus of the present invention.
In figure:1- shells, 2- first through hole, 3- drawers, 4- vertical beams, 5- torque springs, 6- crossbeams, the through holes of 7- second, 8- Connecting tube, the 9- bodies of rod, 10- press button, 11- compression springs, the upper sleeve pipes of 12-, the upper card caps of 13-, 14- first and trapped by hole, 15- Pipe, under 16- card cap, 17- second by hole, 18- inner barrels, 19- outer cylinder bodies, 20- bristles, 21- necks, 22- endless drives tooth, 23- collars, 24- oblique arms, 25- bearings, 26- motors, 27- travelling gears, 28- semi-circular recesses.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art are better understood from the present invention, below in conjunction with refer to the attached drawing and in conjunction with the embodiments to this Further clear, complete explanation is made in invention.It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, embodiment in the application and Feature in embodiment can be mutually combined.
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a kind of portable new fresh date peeling stoner, including base, support beam, stoning bar, on Fixture, lower fixture, peeling cylinder and linking arm;
Described base includes shell 1, and shell 1 is made up of top plate, bottom plate and three side plates, offered on the top plate of shell 1 First through hole 2 above and below top plate, the drawer 3 that can be promoted and pull out is fitted with from the side port end activity of shell 1;
Described support beam includes vertical beam 4, and the bottom of vertical beam 4 and the top plate of shell 1 are articulated and connected and hinged place is provided with torque spring 5;The top of vertical beam 4 is fixed with crossbeam 6, i.e. crossbeam 6 and is vertically arranged with vertical beam 4, just to first through hole 2 on shell 1 on crossbeam 6 Position is offered is fixed with the connection docked with the second through hole 7 through crossbeam on the second through hole 7 about 6, the lower surface of crossbeam 6 Pipe 8, the internal diameter of connecting tube 8 is more than or equal to the diameter of the second through hole 7, and the outer tube wall of connecting tube 8 is provided with connection screw thread;Turning round In the presence of the elastic force of power spring 5, support beam keeps in situ, and original position refers to the respect thereto of vertical beam 4 and remains vertical direction, crossbeam 6 Remain that horizontal direction, i.e. vertical beam 4 are remained to remain parallel to shell perpendicular to the direction of the top plate of shell 1, crossbeam 6 The direction of 1 top plate, as shown in Figure 1;When the external world applies external force to support beam, support beam can only surround pin joint towards the outer of base Side is to upset, as shown in Fig. 2 removing after external force, support beam sets back again, as shown in Figure 1;
Described stoning bar includes the body of rod 9, and the lower slide of the body of rod 9 is inserted into the second through hole 7 of crossbeam 6 and connecting tube 8, bar The upper position of body 9 is in the top of crossbeam 6;The top of the body of rod 9 is provided with to press to be located on button 10, the body of rod 9 and pressed between button 10 and crossbeam 6 Part is arranged with compression spring 11, and the top overhead of compression spring 11 is pressing button bottom, and the bottom overhead of compression spring 11 is in horizontal stroke The top surface of beam 6;The bottom end face of the body of rod 9 offers the semi-circular recesses 28 of indent, and the trough rims of semi-circular recesses 28 is outer with the body of rod 9 Wall intersects, and intersection is sharp sword design, as shown in Figure 7;Wherein, the sharp sword of the bottom of the body of rod 9 can be designed so that the body of rod 9 to jujube When core carries out impact stoning, the bottom of the body of rod 9 is easy to poke fresh dates, and smoothly enters inside fresh dates;The bottom face of the body of rod 9 The design of semi-circular recesses 28 can easily entangle at the top of jujube core, i.e., the top of jujube core can easily drop into semicircle In groove 28, so as to smoothly be ejected, stoning operation is completed;
Described upper fixture includes upper sleeve pipe 12, and the inner tubal wall of upper sleeve pipe 12 is provided with connection screw thread, the upper company of being sleeved on of sleeve pipe 12 Adapter 8 is outer and the two is threadedly coupled;The bottom of upper sleeve pipe 12 is fixed with the downward upper card cap 13 of cap mouthful, and the crown of upper card cap 13 Offer for the body of rod 9 pass through first by hole 14, as shown in Figure 3;Sleeve pipe 12 is with being connected in sleeve pipe 12 on by rotating, change The relative position of pipe 8, may finally realize the regulation of the height of card cap 13;
Described lower fixture includes setting of casing 15, and the top of setting of casing 15 is fixed with the upward lower card cap 16 of cap mouthful, and lower card cap 16 cap bottom offer for jujube core pass through second by hole 17, as shown in Figure 4;The bottom mouth of pipe of setting of casing 15 is fixed on shell Docked on 1 top plate and with first through hole 2;
Described peeling cylinder includes inner barrel 18 and outer cylinder body 19, and inner barrel 18 is actively plugged in outer cylinder body 19, and the two Between be mortise-tenon joint, specific mortise-tenon joint mode is:On the outer wall of inner barrel 18 along its it is axially arranged have convex stupefied, outer cylinder body 19 Inwall on open up fluted along its axial direction, after inner barrel is inserted into outer cylinder body, on inner barrel it is convex it is stupefied with regard to holding in outer barrel In the groove of body, wherein, on inner barrel 18 it is convex it is stupefied be tenon, the groove on outer cylinder body 19 is the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches;Inner barrel 18 it is whole The bristle 20 for pointing to the axis direction of inner barrel 18 has been covered with circumferential inner wall and the position at the axis of inner barrel 18 is left For the neck 21 of holding jujube grain, the material of bristle can select rigid plastics or tie wire;In specific design, inner barrel 18 can be designed to different size according to the length of the bristle 20 in it, and suitable different size of fresh dates are carried out with this;Outer cylinder body 19 bottom is fixed with a loop driving cog 22 along its outer wall, as shown in Figure 5,6;
Described linking arm includes collar 23, and one end of collar 23 is fixed with oblique arm 24, the other end of oblique arm 24 and the top of shell 1 Plate is articulated and connected and hinged place is provided with torque spring 5;Collar 23 is sleeved on outer cylinder body 19 and is provided with bearing 25 therebetween, Outer cylinder body 19 can freely be rotated relative to card certificate 23, as shown in figure 5, motor 26 is installed in oblique arm 24, the output end of motor 26 It is provided with and engages the travelling gear 27 being connected with the endless drive tooth 22 on outer cylinder body 19, motor switch is located at shell 1 or oblique arm On 24, motor switch can make motor 26 carry out forward or reverse;
Cylinder and the integrally mounted mechanism of linking arm are removed the peel, in the presence of the elastic force of torque spring 5, peeling cylinder and linking arm keep former Position, original position refers to peeling cylinder and is placed between upper and lower fixture, wherein, upper card cap 13 is located at the upper tube port position of inner barrel 18, lower card cap 16 Positioned at the lower tube port position of inner barrel 18, as shown in Figure 1;When the external world applies external force to linking arm, peeling cylinder and linking arm can only Lateral direction around pin joint towards base is overturn, as shown in Fig. 2 removing after external force, peeling cylinder and linking arm set back again, As shown in Figure 1;
Support beam and the linking arm respect thereto in the presence of respective torque spring 5 are overturn round about;
Stoning bar, connecting tube 8, upper fixture, peeling cylinder, lower fixture are all located on same axis.
In use, first applying external force to support beam, support beam is set to be overturn around the lateral direction of pin joint towards base, then give Linking arm applies external force, peeling cylinder and linking arm is overturn around the lateral direction of pin joint towards base, it would be desirable to peeling stoning Fresh dates holding in the neck 21 in the middle of peeling cylinder bristle, first peeling cylinder and linking arm are set back, it is then support beam is extensive Restore position.Now, the fresh dates bottom holding in peeling cylinder is in the lower card cap 16 of lower fixture, by the upper sleeve pipe for rotating upper fixture 12, sleeve pipe 12 and the relative position of connecting tube 8, to adjust the height of upper card cap 13, make its tightly holding in fresh dates in change Top, so as to realize the fixation of fresh dates.Start motor switch, motor 26 drives peeling cylinder to rotate, and the bristle in peeling cylinder is continuous The fresh dates fructus corni in it is brushed, be finally completed fresh dates peeling processing.After the completion of peeling, stoning processing, hand are carried out Hold stoning bar and press button, firmly press stoning bar, the bottom terminal ends of the body of rod 9 from the first of upper card cap 13 passed through by hole 14 after from The top insertion of fresh dates, and block at the top of jujube core, jujube core is impacted downwards, jujube core is under the impact of stoning bar, from fresh dates bottom Pass, after passing sequentially through the second of lower card cap 16 by the first through hole 2 on hole 17, setting of casing 15, shell 1, drop down onto in shell Drawer in, be finally completed fresh dates stoning processing, after the completion of stoning, unclamp stoning bar, stoning bar in the elastic force of compression spring 11 In the presence of reset.
The general principle and principal character of the present invention has been shown and described above.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, merely illustrating the principles of the invention described in above-described embodiment and specification, Without departing from the spirit and scope, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, and these changes and improvements all fall Enter in scope of the claimed invention.The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and its equivalents.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of portable new fresh date peeling stoner, it is characterised in that:Including base, support beam, stoning bar, upper fixture, Lower fixture, peeling cylinder and linking arm;
Described base includes shell(1), shell(1)Top plate on offer first through hole above and below top plate(2), shell (1)Interior activity is fitted with the drawer that can be promoted and pull out(3);
Described support beam includes vertical beam(4), vertical beam(4)Bottom and shell(1)Top plate is articulated and connected and hinged place is provided with torsion Power spring(5);Vertical beam(4)Top be fixed with crossbeam(6), crossbeam(6)On just to shell(1)Upper first through hole(2)Position Offer through crossbeam(6)The second through hole up and down(7), crossbeam(6)Lower surface on be fixed with and the second through hole(7)Docking Connecting tube(8), connecting tube(8)Internal diameter be more than or equal to the second through hole(7)Diameter, connecting tube(8)Outer tube wall be provided with Connection screw thread;
Described stoning bar includes the body of rod(9), the body of rod(9)Lower slide be inserted into crossbeam(6)The second through hole(7)And connection Pipe(8)It is interior, the body of rod(9)Top provided with pressing button(10), the body of rod(9)Above it is located at and presses button(10)And crossbeam(6)Between part set Provided with compression spring(11);
Described upper fixture includes upper sleeve pipe(12), upper sleeve pipe(12)Inner tubal wall be provided with connection screw thread, upper sleeve pipe(12)Set Mounted in connecting tube(8)Outer and the two threaded connection;Upper sleeve pipe(12)Bottom be fixed with the downward upper card cap of cap mouthful(13), and on Card cap(13)Crown offer and supply the body of rod(9)First passed through is by hole(14);
Described lower fixture includes setting of casing(15), setting of casing(15)Top be fixed with the upward lower card cap of cap mouthful(16), and Lower card cap(16)Cap bottom offer for jujube core pass through second by hole(17);Setting of casing(15)The bottom mouth of pipe be fixed on it is outer Shell(1)Top plate on and and first through hole(2)Docking;
Described peeling cylinder includes inner barrel(18)And outer cylinder body(19), inner barrel(18)It is actively plugged in outer cylinder body(19)It is interior, And it is mortise-tenon joint therebetween;Inner barrel(18)Inwall on be covered with sensing inner barrel(18)The bristle of axis direction(20) And positioned at inner barrel(18)Leave the neck for holding jujube grain in position at axis(21);Outer cylinder body(19)Bottom along outside it Wall is fixed with a loop driving cog(22);Peeling cylinder is placed between upper and lower fixture, wherein, upper card cap(13)Positioned at inner barrel (18)Upper tube port position, lower card cap(16)Positioned at inner barrel(18)Lower tube port position;
Described linking arm includes collar(23), collar(23)One end be fixed with oblique arm(24), oblique arm(24)The other end with Shell(1)Top plate be articulated and connected and hinged place be provided with torque spring(5);Collar(23)Suit is fixed on outer cylinder body(19)It is upper and Bearing is installed therebetween(25), oblique arm(24)Motor is inside installed(26), motor(26)Output end be provided with and outer barrel Body(19)On endless drive tooth(22)Engage the travelling gear of connection(27), motor switch is located at shell(1)Or oblique arm(24) On.
2. portable new fresh date peeling stoner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The described body of rod(9)'s Bottom end face offers the semi-circular recesses of indent(28), semi-circular recesses(28)Trough rim and the body of rod(9)Outer wall intersect, and Intersection is sharp sword design.
CN201710418830.XA 2017-06-06 2017-06-06 Portable fresh red date peeling and pit removing machine Active CN107114807B (en)

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CN107114807B CN107114807B (en) 2023-08-08

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN108634334A (en) * 2018-05-10 2018-10-12 衢州职业技术学院 A kind of side bamboo shoots scourer
CN108720036A (en) * 2018-05-10 2018-11-02 衢州职业技术学院 One kind recycling all-in-one machine for square bamboo shoots decladding and shell
CN108814242A (en) * 2018-07-05 2018-11-16 王蓓 Stoner
CN109805421A (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-28 王艳武 A kind of Portable red-date kernel remover
CN112021582A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-12-04 谭文妃 Convenient device that denucleates of red date
CN112535299A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-23 无棣县华龙食品有限公司 Processing of mashed date is with full-automatic red date device of shelling and denucleating
CN113607518A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-05 宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所(宁夏设施农业工程技术研究中心) Fresh edible jujube pretreatment device for detection
CN113662205A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-19 江游 Red date machine of denucleating

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CN112021582A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-12-04 谭文妃 Convenient device that denucleates of red date
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