CN107102272B - 利用电池上电路远程感测剩余电池容量 - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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Abstract
公开了利用电池上电路远程感测剩余电池容量。本发明提供了一种远程感测电量的方法,其包括利用功率源将RC电路的电容器充电或放电至预先确定的阈值电压。一旦电容器达到预先确定的阈值电压,就从通信模块提供响应信号给包括阅读器系统的手持式计算装置。利用处理器来确定手持式计算装置接收响应信号所用的时间量。处理器利用该时间量来确定电量信息。
Description
本申请是申请号为201380065792.4,申请日为2013年12月18日,题为“利用电池上电路远程感测剩余电池容量”的中国发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明整体涉及利用电池上电路远程感测剩余电池容量的系统和方法。
背景技术
一种被放置在电池上的示例性类型的常见电池测试器被称为热致变色型测试器。在热致变色电池测试器中,可存在通过消费者手动地压下一个或两个按钮开关来连接的电路。一旦开关被压下,消费者就已将电池连接到热致变色测试器。热致变色测试器可包括电阻器–平坦的银层,所述银层具有可变宽度使得电阻也沿其长度改变。当电流穿过银电阻器时,耗散的功率产生热,所述热改变位于银电阻器之上的热致变色油墨显示物的颜色。热致变色油墨显示物被布置为量规以指示电池的相对容量。然而,通常有必要手动地保持电池并且/或者从装置上取下电池以便利用热致变色电池测试器来测试电池。期望具有其它电池测试器系统。
发明内容
在一个实施例中,提供了一种远程感测剩余电池容量的方法。该方法包括利用功率源将RC电路的电容器充电或放电至预先确定的阈值电压。一旦电容器达到预先确定的阈值电压,就从通信模块提供响应信号给包括阅读器系统的手持式计算装置。利用处理器确定电容器充电或放电至预先确定的阈值电压所用的时间量。处理器利用所述时间量确定剩余电池容量信息。
在另一个实施例中,一种可操作地连接到电池的远程充电指示器系统包括通信模块,所述通信模块包括接收来自阅读器系统的询问信号的天线。电压感测模块包括具有电阻器和电容器的RC电路。当电容器利用电池充电至预先确定的阈值电压时,电压感测模块提供输出给通信模块。电压感测模块包括开关,所述开关在通信模块接收询问信号时闭合。
在另一个实施例中,提供了一种远程感测电池的剩余电池容量的方法。该方法包括将可操作地连接到电池的RC电路的电容器充电或放电至预先确定的阈值电压。一旦电容器达到预先确定的阈值电压,就利用电池上的通信模块提供响应信号给包括阅读器系统的手持式计算装置。利用电容器充电或放电至预先确定的阈值电压所用的时间量来确定电池电压,所述时间量是利用处理器来确定的。利用电池电压来确定剩余电池容量信息。利用手持式计算装置的显示装置来显示剩余电池容量信息。
附图说明
当结合此处所附的图片阅读时,可最好地理解以下本发明具体实施例的详细描述。
图1示出了远程感测系统的一个实施例,其包括电池和用于远程感测剩余电池容量的手持式计算装置;
图2为图1的远程感测系统的示意图;
图3为用于电压感测模块中的RC电路的简图;
图4示出了图3的RC电路的电容器C的充电时间和电池电压之间的关系;
图5示出了远程感测剩余电池容量的方法的一个实施例的流程图;
图6为用于电压感测模块中的两个RC电路的另一个实施例的示图;
图7示出了具有不同时间常数的RC电路的三个不同电容器C的充电时间和电池电压之间的关系;
图8示出了远程感测剩余电池容量的方法的另一个实施例的流程图;
图9示出了显示剩余电池容量信息的示例性手持式计算装置;并且
图10为图1的电池的图解细部图。
图中所示的实施例本质上是说明性的,并不旨在限制由权利要求书所限定的本发明。此外,根据具体实施方式,附图和本发明的各个特征将更加完全明显并且将被更全面地理解。
具体实施方式
下文阐述了对多个不同实施例的广泛说明。本说明应被视为仅是示例性说明,并且未述及每一个可能的实施例,因为描述每一个可能的实施例即便是可能的话,也是不切实际的,并且应当理解,本文所述的任何特征、特性、组件、组成、成分、产品、步骤或方法均可被删掉、整个或部分地与本文所述的任何其它特征、特性、组件、组成、成分、产品、步骤或方法相组合或用后者取代。可使用当前技术或在本专利的提交日期之后开发的技术来实施众多可供选择的实施例,所述在本专利的提交日期之后开发的技术将仍然属于本权利要求的范围。
也应当理解,除非术语在本说明书中用句子“如本文所用,术语‘______’据此被定义为是指…”或类似句子明确定义,否则并不旨在将该术语的含义明确或隐含地限制超出其平常的或普通的含义,并且此类术语不应当被解释为被限制在基于本专利的任一部分中所作出的任何语句(除了权利要求书的语言之外)的范围之内。没有术语旨在为本质性的,除非如此指明。当在本专利中以符合单一含义的方式来提及本专利所附权利要求书中叙述的任一术语时,只是为了清晰起见以便不对读者引起混乱,并不旨在隐含地或者换句话讲将这种权利要求术语限制为该单一的含义。最后,除非权利要求要素是通过描述词语“装置”和功能而没有描述任何结构来定义的,否则并不旨在基于35U.S.C.§112第6款的运用来解释任一权利要求要素的范围。
本文所述的实施例总体涉及利用电池上电路远程感测剩余电池容量的系统和方法。这些系统和方法利用电池上电路,所述电路提供指示剩余电池容量的信号给远离电池的手持式计算装置。如本文所用,术语“指示剩余电池容量”可指任何信号或测量值,诸如能够用来估计电池容量的电池电压。手持式计算装置可接收信号并使用所述信号将剩余电池容量信息提供给用户,例如,利用显示器来提供。剩余电池容量信息可为实际电压测量值和/或充电量(例如,基于电压测量或计算)。
参见图1,远程感测系统10包括手持式计算装置12,所述计算装置包括能够与远程充电指示器系统14进行远程通信的阅读器系统15,所述远程充电指示器系统由功率源诸如电池16承载并可操作地连接到所述功率源。手持式计算装置12可使用阅读器系统15通过发射询问信号17诸如射频(RF)脉冲来激励远程充电指示器系统14。如下所述,手持式计算装置12远程地确定将电阻器-电容器(RC)电路的电容器充电(或放电)至预先确定的电压所用的时间段。RC电路为远程充电指示器系统14的一部分并位于电池16上。所述时间段可被手持式计算装置12用来确定指示剩余电池容量的电量信息,所述电量信息可显示在显示装置18上并被用户观察到。
阅读器系统15可为任何合适的手持式计算装置12诸如蜂窝电话或其它计算装置的一部分。显示装置18可为用于便携式、手持式电子装置的任何合适的显示装置,例如,LCD显示装置、LED显示装置、OLED显示装置、以及其它类型的显示装置(它们可为此前所开发的显示装置)。另外,显示装置18还可为任何其它多种指示器,包括但不限于一系列灯和/或其它类型的光照装置,而不是单一整合的显示屏。显示装置18可包括电子纸材部件诸如电泳显示器,其可为通过利用电场重新布置充电的颜料颗粒而形成可见图像的信息显示器。显示装置18可用于以电子方式向用户显示图形、文本、和其它元素。在一些实施例中,显示装置18可为触摸屏用户界面,其是使用用户指尖和/或触笔或其它触摸装置来使用的以从所述屏上选择元素、写出数字、并输入文本(其中有字符识别程序在该装置上运行)。在一些实施例中,该装置也可包括其它类型的输出装置,例如,声音装置、振动装置等。
图2示意性地示出了包括手持式计算装置12和远程充电指示器系统14的远程感测系统10。手持式计算装置12可包括处理器20、存储器22、包括作为阅读器系统15的一部分的天线26的通信模块24、用户界面28和显示装置18。在一些实施例中,手持式计算装置12可包括用于与其它计算机和网络进行通信的附加通信模块。处理器20可运行软件,诸如存储在存储器22中的阅读器应用程序,所述应用程序允许用户控制通信模块24的操作(例如,发送用户引发的RF询问信号)和手持式计算装置的其它特征部的操作。也可包括逻辑,其允许处理器确定剩余电池容量信息并利用显示装置18来显示所述信息。
远程充电指示器系统14可位于电池16上,并包括通信模块30,所述通信模块包括天线32(例如,RFID标签)和可操作地连接到电池16的电压感测模块34。通信模块30可包括任何合适的通信电路,诸如RFID和近场通信(NFC)电路,并可利用任何合适的频带,诸如高频(HF)13.56MHz、超高频(UHF)(860–956MHz)或微波频率(2.4–5.8GHz)。可使用其它通信,诸如红外(IR)和超声。通信模块30可由电池16供电(有源),可仅部分地由电池16供电(半有源或电池辅助无源)或可不由电池16供电(无源)。
电压感测模块34可被配置成提供与电池电压成比例的输出信号,而不是输出电池电压自身。参见图3,包括电阻器R和电容器C的电阻器-电容器(RC)电路40可用作电压感测模块34的一部分以提供与电池电压成比例的输出信号(电容器电压)。开关42(例如,晶体管)可用来控制电容器C的充电。图3示出了示例性RC电路40,其中电容器C的充电电压由下式给出:
其中:
Vc为电容器电压;
Vs为电池电压;
R为电阻器的电阻;并且
C为电容器的电容。
电容器电压达到预先确定的阈值电压Vthr所用的时间由下式给出:
因此,知道了时间t、阈值电压Vthr、电阻R和电容C,就可计算出电池电压Vs。该计算的电池电压可关联于剩余的电池容量(即,电池电量)。参见图4,电容器C的充电时间与电池电压Vs之间的关系为指数性的。阈值电容器电压Vthr可被选择成在电容器充电电压曲线的准线性区域R中(例如,在电池电压Vs的小于约2/5或40%内),这可有利于剩余电池容量信息的确定。在一些实施例中,处理器20可触及存储在存储器22中的表,所述表能够用来将所述时间转化为电池电压Vs以用于确定剩余电池容量信息。
现在参见图5,示出了远程感测剩余电池容量的方法50。在步骤52处,用户在他们的手持式计算装置12诸如蜂窝电话或平板电脑上选择电池扫描应用程序。在步骤54处,用户将手持式计算装置12放置成靠近电池16(例如,在约1英尺或更少内,诸如在约6英寸或更少内,诸如在约1英寸或更少内,诸如触碰到电池16)。手持式计算装置12旨在被放置成与电池16和远程充电指示器系统12相距的距离可至少部分地取决于所用的通信电路。在步骤56处,利用用户界面28(图2)引发电池扫描操作。另选地,可自动地引发电池扫描操作(例如,利用周期性扫描设定)。在步骤58处,阅读器系统15的通信模块24可响应于用户输入或自动地感测电池存在而询问远程充电指示器系统14的通信模块30。在步骤60处,RC电路40的开关42(图3)被关闭,因而电池对电容器C进行充电。在步骤62处,比较器64(图3)将电容器C的增加着的电压与预先确定的阈值电压进行比较。当电容器电压达到预先确定的阈值电压时,比较器64在步骤66处发送信号65给远程充电指示器系统14的通信模块30。在步骤68处,远程充电指示器系统14的通信模块30可发送响应信号(例如,RF响应信号)给手持式计算装置12的通信模块24。在步骤70处,处理器20确定通信模块30在步骤58处被询问的时间和响应信号在步骤68处被接收的时间之间的时间段。所述时间段在步骤72处用来确定剩余电池容量和剩余电池容量信息。在一些实施例中,剩余电池容量信息可在步骤74处显示在显示装置18上。剩余电池容量信息可向用户指示电池容量剩余量。在一些实施例中,剩余电池容量信息可包括电池电压和/或装置在不同模式下的剩余运行时间。
虽然以上实施例利用从询问至接收到响应信号的时间来确定电池电压并提供剩余电池容量信息,但其它构型也是可能的。又如,可使用具有不同时间常数的多个RC电路的充电时间差值。参见图6,包括电阻器R1和电容器C1作为第一RC电路部分103的一部分以及电阻器R2和电容器C2作为第二RC电路部分105的一部分的电阻器-电容器(RC)电路100可用作电压感测模块34的一部分以提供与电池电压成比例的输出信号(电容器电压)。开关102(例如,晶体管)可用来控制电容器C1和C2的充电。图6示出了示例性RC电路100,其中具有不同时间常数的所述两个电容器C1和C2与用以充电至相同阈值电压的相同电池电压的充电时间的差值由下式给出:
因此,知道了时间t1、t2、电阻R1、R2、阈值电压Vthr和电容C1、C2,就可计算出电池电压Vs。该计算的电池电压可关联于剩余电池容量。参见图7,示出了三个电容器的电容器电压曲线,所述三个电容器各自为具有不同时间常数τ的RC电路的一部分。电容器C1和C2(和C3)的充电时间与电池电压Vs之间的关系为指数性的。测量两个响应信号之间的时间差可消除对利用询问时间的必要性。
参见图8,示出了另一种远程感测剩余电池容量的方法110。在步骤112处,用户在他们的手持式计算装置12诸如蜂窝电话或平板电脑上选择电池扫描应用程序。在步骤114处,用户将手持式计算装置12放置成靠近电池16。在步骤116处,利用用户界面28(图2)或通过周期性扫描自动地引发电池扫描操作。另选地,可自动地引发电池扫描操作。在步骤118处,阅读器系统15的通信模块24可响应于用户输入而询问远程充电指示器系统14的通信模块30。在步骤120处,RC电路100的开关102(图6)被关闭,因而电池对电容器C1和C2进行充电。在步骤122处,比较器124和125(图6)将电容器C1和C2的增加着的电压与相同的预先确定的阈值电压进行比较。当电容器电压达到预先确定的阈值电压时,在步骤126处,比较器124和125发送第一信号(与电容器C1相关联)和第二信号(与电容器C2相关联)给逻辑模块127,所述比较器可提供脉冲,所述脉冲具有对应于第一信号与第二信号之间的时间段的持续时间。在步骤128处,远程充电指示器系统14的通信模块30可发送脉冲给手持式计算装置12的通信模块24。在步骤130处,处理器20确定脉冲的时间段或介于第一响应信号和第二响应信号之间的时间段。所述时间段在步骤134处用来确定剩余电池容量信息。在一些实施例中,剩余电池容量信息可在步骤136处显示在显示装置18上。剩余电池容量信息可向用户指示电池容量剩余量。在一些实施例中,剩余电池容量信息可包括电池电压。
参见图9,示出了手持式计算装置12,其示出了显示装置18。剩余电池容量信息140可按图形标记142的形式显示给用户。图形标记142可为电池水平指示器的图像,所述图像包括用来指示电池容量剩余量的充电水平条144a,144b和144c。例如,对于1.5V AA尺寸的碱性电池,高于第一预先确定的电压(例如,约1.45V)的计算的电压可导致处理器20显示出所有三个充电水平条144a,144b和144c的满电池容量。对于介于第一预先确定的电压和第二预先确定的较低电压之间的计算的电压(例如,介于约1.35V和约1.45V之间),处理器20可显示仅两个充电水平条144b和144c,从而指示充电水平低于某个百分比。在其中处理器计算出电池电压介于第二预先确定的电压和第三预先确定的较低电压之间(例如,介于约1.25V和约1.35V之间)的实例中,仅一个充电水平条144c可被显示出来。又如,对于1.5V AA尺寸的镍-金属氢化物电池,高于第一预先确定的电压(例如,约1.35V)的计算的电压可导致处理器20显示出所有三个充电水平条144a,144b和144c的满电池容量。对于介于第一预先确定的电压和第二预先确定的较低电压之间的计算的电压(例如,介于约1.25V和约1.35V之间),处理器20可显示仅两个充电水平条144b和144c,从而指示充电水平低于某个百分比。在其中处理器计算出电池电压介于第二预先确定的电压和第三预先确定的较低电压之间(例如,介于约1.2V和约1.25V之间)的实例中,仅一个充电水平条144c可被显示出来。如果处理器20计算出电池电压小于第三预先确定的电压,则这些充电水平条可均不被显示出来。可利用任何合适的显示布置方式,包括多于或少于三个充电水平条。根椐所计算的充电水平,图形标记142也可改变颜色。被显示的剩余电池容量信息140可包括数字电压值146。
现在参见图10,示出了电池16,并且其包括标签层150和电池外壳152,标签层150是围绕所述外壳152施加的。包括通信模块30、天线32和电压感测模块30的远程充电指示器系统14位于标签层150与电池外壳152之间。在一些实施例中,通信模块30(例如,RFID标签)、天线32和电压感测模块34(RC电路)均可为集成电路(IC)的一部分。在一些实施例中,标签层150自身可包括硅IC。由铁氧体材料形成的薄型(例如,小于约200微米)磁转向器156可放置在天线32与电池外壳152之间以抑制与天线32的干涉作用。可使用任何合适的电池,诸如碱性电池、镍-金属氢化物电池、锂电池等。电池可为可再充电的或不可再充电的。
在一些实施例中,通信模块30可包括存储唯一标识信息的存储器。当通信模块30发送响应信号时,可将标识信息提供给手持式计算装置12。手持式计算装置12可使用标识信息在多个同时被测试的电池之间作出区分。例如,在一个实施例中,可测试一系列电池,并且可显示出最低电压电池的剩余电池容量信息(即,最弱联接)。作为另一个实施例,一种利用电池的装置可包括电压感测模块,所述电压感测模块能够用来确定该装置中所有电池的总剩余电池容量。电压感测模块可位于例如电池仓中并连接到装置的电力输入端。剩余电池容量信息可不仅包括剩余电池容量,而且也可包括使用信息,诸如剩余图片、播放时间、交谈时间等。
上述远程感测系统在电池上提供电子电路以用于远程感测电池电压和确定剩余电池容量信息。这些远程感测系统利用分布式模-数转换,其中用于计算电池电压和确定剩余电池容量信息的处理器位于手持式计算装置中,而不是位于电池上,从而在电池上保留最少部件。虽然上文主要描述了电池测试,但这些测试系统可应用于其中需要进行电压测量的任何类型的远程感测系统,并且不限于电池监测。这些远程感测系统可应用于任何一次性或可再充电的任何尺寸的电池(例如,AAAA电池、AAA电池、AA电池、C电池、D电池、9V电池)并应用于针对特定应用的特殊尺寸的电池(例如,硬币电池、纽扣电池、棱柱电池)。这些远程感测系统可应用于棱柱形或圆形可再充电锂离子电池,如果其中某个装置不包括燃料表或该装置具有可替换电池,针对所述可替换电池可远程地确定替换电池的状态。这些远程感测系统可应用于任何便携式装置或电池供电的装置,从而监测装置中的总电池电压而不是各个电池的电压。以上远程充电指示器系统也可通过对电容器放电来工作。例如,电容器可始终被放置成与电池并联并与电池电压均衡。在询问通信模块时,可将电容器与电池断开并通过电阻器放电降至预先确定的阈值电压。所述时间差是电池电压的函数并能够用来计算电池电压和剩余电池容量。
本文所公开的量纲和值不应被理解为严格限于所引用的精确值。相反,除非另外指明,每个这样的量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如,所公开的量纲“40mm”旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确排除或换句话讲有所限制,本文所引用的每篇文献包括任何交叉引用或相关的专利或专利申请,据此全文均以引用方式并入本文。任何文献的引用不是对其作为本文所公开的或受权利要求书保护的任何发明的现有技术,或者其单独地或者与任何其它参考文献的任何组合,或者参考、提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。此外,当本文献中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义冲突时,应以本文献中赋予该术语的含义或定义为准。
尽管已举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施例,但对于本领域的技术人员来讲显而易见的是,可作出各种其它改变和变型。因此,所附权利要求书旨在涵盖本发明范围内的所有此类改变和变型。
Claims (9)
1.一种远程感测剩余电池容量的方法,所述方法包括:
在远程充电指示器系统的通信模块处从手持式计算装置的阅读器系统接收询问;
响应于接收到询问,闭合开关,其中闭合开关使得电池对RC电路的(i)第一电容器和(ii)第二电容器进行充电;
提供具有与在第一信号和第二信号之间的时间段对应的持续时间的脉冲,该第一信号是在第一电容器达到预定阈值时被发送的,该第二信号是在第二电容器达到所述预定阈值时被发送的;
向手持式计算装置发送所述脉冲,其中所述脉冲的所述持续时间被用于确定所述电池的剩余电池容量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述通信模块包括RFID标签。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中所述通信模块由所述电池承载。
4.一种可操作地连接到电池的远程充电指示器系统,所述远程充电指示器系统包括:
通信模块,包括从阅读器系统接收询问信号的天线;及
电压感测模块,包括开关、第一RC电路部分和第二RC电路部分,该开关在所述通信模块接收到询问信号时闭合,该第一RC电路部分包括第一电阻器和第一电容器并且具有第一时间常数,该第二RC电路部分包括第二电阻器和第二电容器并且具有第二时间常数,
其中第一时间常数与第二时间常数不同,
其中所述电压感测模块将脉冲提供给所述通信模块,其中所述脉冲具有与在第一电容器被利用所述电池充电到预定阈值电压和第二电容器被利用所述电池充电到所述预定阈值电压之间的时间段对应的持续时间,并且
其中所述脉冲的所述持续时间被用于确定所述电池的剩余电池容量。
5.根据权利要求4所述的远程充电指示器系统,其中所述通信模块还包括RFID标签。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的远程充电指示器系统,其中所述通信模块由所述电池承载。
7.一种远程感测剩余电池容量的方法,所述方法包括:
在远程充电指示器系统的通信模块处从手持式计算装置的阅读器系统接收询问;
响应于接收到询问,闭合开关,其中闭合开关使得电池对RC电路的(i)第一电容器和(ii)第二电容器进行充电;
一旦第一电容器达到预定阈值电压,就将第一响应信号从所述通信模块提供给包括阅读器系统的手持式计算装置;
一旦第二电容器达到所述预定阈值电压,就将第二响应信号从所述通信模块提供给包括阅读器系统的手持式计算装置;
其中在第一响应信号与第二响应信号之间的时间段被用于确定所述电池的剩余电池容量。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述通信模块包括RFID标签。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的方法,其中所述通信模块由所述电池承载。
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US10698032B2 (en) | 2020-06-30 |
EP4270028A2 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
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