CN107098468A - The jet anaerobic biological reactor of high concentration organic sewage processing - Google Patents

The jet anaerobic biological reactor of high concentration organic sewage processing Download PDF

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CN107098468A
CN107098468A CN201710390705.2A CN201710390705A CN107098468A CN 107098468 A CN107098468 A CN 107098468A CN 201710390705 A CN201710390705 A CN 201710390705A CN 107098468 A CN107098468 A CN 107098468A
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韦朝海
吴超飞
吴海珍
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/113880 priority patent/WO2018218909A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2833Anaerobic digestion processes using fluidized bed reactors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2866Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
    • C02F3/2893Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors with biogas recycling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,包括反应器主体区和设于其两侧气体净化区和分离沉淀区;反应器主体区内通过喷射管道与射流器的出口端连接,射流器的进水端通过循环水管道与分离沉淀区连接,射流器的进气端通过生物气管道与气体净化区连接;反应器主体区的中部设有与分离沉淀区连通的混合液连接孔,分离沉淀区底部设有与反应器主体区底部连通的污泥回流孔。本射流厌氧生物反应器是通过反应器自身产生的生物气厌氧射流的形式实现反应器的流态化和污水污泥的完全均匀混合,由于生物气处于闭路循环状态,流态化效果受生物气产量影响小,可以适用于生化性较差的高浓有机废水的处理。

The invention discloses a jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for treating high-concentration organic sewage, which comprises a reactor main body area, gas purification areas and separation and precipitation areas on both sides of the reactor body; The outlet end is connected, the water inlet end of the ejector is connected to the separation and sedimentation area through the circulating water pipeline, and the inlet end of the ejector is connected to the gas purification area through the biogas pipeline; The mixed liquid connection hole, the bottom of the separation and sedimentation area is provided with a sludge return hole connected to the bottom of the reactor main body area. The jet flow anaerobic bioreactor realizes the fluidization of the reactor and the complete and uniform mixing of the sewage sludge in the form of anaerobic jet flow of biogas generated by the reactor itself. Since the biogas is in a closed loop state, the fluidization effect is affected. The production of biogas has little effect, and it can be applied to the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater with poor biochemical properties.

Description

高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器Jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for high concentration organic sewage treatment

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及污水处理技术领域,特别涉及一种高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器。The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for high-concentration organic sewage treatment.

背景技术Background technique

废水厌氧处理工艺的实质是利用厌氧微生物的代谢特性,将废水中的有机物进行还原,同时产生甲烷等生物气的一种经济、有效的处理技术。随着经济的快速发展,环境污染和能源紧张的问题日益突出时,厌氧处理工艺作为一种低能耗的有机废水生物处理方法得到了普遍的重视和广泛的推广。厌氧处理技术不再仅仅是好氧处理工艺之外的一个补充工艺,它本身正在成为一种可以替代好氧法的有价值的处理方法。厌氧生物处理技术可以作为环境保护、能源回收与生态良性循环结合起来的综合系统的核心技术来发展,具有良好的环境与经济效益。在厌氧生物处理工艺发展过程中,厌氧处理反应器的开发一直是水处理领域的研究热点,到目前为止已经出现了三代厌氧反应器。第一代厌氧反应器为厌氧消化池,主要用污泥和粪便的消化;第二代厌氧反应器主要有厌氧过滤器(AF),厌氧流化床(AFB)和上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB);第三代厌氧反应器是为了解决第二代反应器在运行中出现的短流、死角和堵塞等问题而设计,主要有厌氧颗粒污泥膨胀床(EGSB)、厌氧内循环反应器(IC)和厌氧折流板式反应器(ABR)等。但以上反应器在使用中都存在污泥分布不均匀,混合传质效果不好的问题,尤其是对于生化性不好或者含有厌氧过程抑制性物质时,甲烷产量会显著降低,极大了影响反应器的传质混合效果,COD和BOD5的去除率也相当低。The essence of the anaerobic wastewater treatment process is to use the metabolic characteristics of anaerobic microorganisms to reduce the organic matter in the wastewater and generate biogas such as methane at the same time, which is an economical and effective treatment technology. With the rapid development of the economy, when the problems of environmental pollution and energy shortage are becoming more and more prominent, the anaerobic treatment process, as a low-energy biological treatment method for organic wastewater, has been widely valued and widely promoted. Anaerobic treatment technology is no longer just a supplementary process to aerobic treatment process, it is becoming a valuable treatment method that can replace aerobic method in itself. Anaerobic biological treatment technology can be developed as the core technology of a comprehensive system that combines environmental protection, energy recovery and ecological virtuous cycle, and has good environmental and economic benefits. In the development of anaerobic biological treatment process, the development of anaerobic treatment reactor has always been a research hotspot in the field of water treatment. So far, three generations of anaerobic reactors have appeared. The first-generation anaerobic reactor is an anaerobic digester, which is mainly used for digestion of sludge and manure; the second-generation anaerobic reactor mainly includes anaerobic filter (AF), anaerobic fluidized bed (AFB) and upflow Anaerobic sludge bed (UASB); the third-generation anaerobic reactor is designed to solve the problems of short flow, dead angle and clogging in the operation of the second-generation reactor, mainly including anaerobic granular sludge expanded bed ( EGSB), anaerobic internal circulation reactor (IC) and anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), etc. However, the above reactors have the problems of uneven distribution of sludge and poor mass transfer effect during use, especially when the biochemical properties are not good or contain anaerobic process inhibitory substances, the methane production will be significantly reduced, which greatly reduces the It affects the mass transfer and mixing effect of the reactor, and the removal rate of COD and BOD 5 is also quite low.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,通过气体提升作用同时实现废水和污泥的均匀混合与溶解性气体的吹脱分离,同时,该反应器因实现流体中污泥颗粒与处理的废水的异重流而解决传统流化床污泥分离差的缺点,实现高效的三相分离。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for the treatment of high-concentration organic sewage, which can simultaneously realize the uniform mixing of waste water and sludge and the stripping and separation of dissolved gases through the gas lifting effect , At the same time, the reactor solves the shortcomings of poor sludge separation in traditional fluidized beds by realizing the gravity flow of sludge particles in the fluid and treated wastewater, and realizes efficient three-phase separation.

本发明的技术方案为:一种高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,反应器内设有反应器主体区、气体净化区和分离沉淀区,气体净化区和分离沉淀区分别设于反应器主体区的两侧;反应器主体区内通过喷射管道与射流器的出口端连接,射流器的进水端通过循环水管道与分离沉淀区连接,射流器的进气端通过生物气管道与气体净化区连接;反应器主体区的中部设有与分离沉淀区连通的混合液连接孔,分离沉淀区底部设有与反应器主体区底部连通的污泥回流孔。The technical scheme of the present invention is: a jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for high-concentration organic sewage treatment. The reactor is equipped with a reactor main body area, a gas purification area and a separation and precipitation area. The gas purification area and the separation and precipitation area are respectively set On both sides of the main area of the reactor; the main area of the reactor is connected to the outlet end of the ejector through the injection pipe, the water inlet end of the ejector is connected to the separation and sedimentation area through the circulating water pipe, and the inlet end of the ejector is passed through the biogas The pipeline is connected to the gas purification area; the middle part of the main body area of the reactor is provided with a mixed liquid connection hole connected with the separation and sedimentation area, and the bottom of the separation and sedimentation area is provided with a sludge return hole connected with the bottom of the main body area of the reactor.

所述反应器主体区为套管式结构(即反应器主体区由2个管体相嵌套构成),气体净化区和分离沉淀区均为设于反应器主体区外侧的箱体式结构中。The main area of the reactor is a sleeve-type structure (that is, the main area of the reactor is composed of two pipes nested together), and the gas purification area and the separation and precipitation area are both in a box-type structure located outside the main area of the reactor. .

所述反应器主体区中设有提升区和下降区,提升区位于反应器主体区的中部,下降区位于反应器主体区的外周,提升区上部与下降区上部相通,提升区底部与下降区底部相通,喷射管道设于提升区内,且喷射管道的底端位于提升区的底部。The main area of the reactor is provided with a lifting area and a falling area, the lifting area is located in the middle of the main area of the reactor, the falling area is located at the outer periphery of the main area of the reactor, the upper part of the lifting area is connected with the upper part of the falling area, and the bottom of the lifting area is connected with the lowering area. The bottoms are connected, the injection pipeline is arranged in the lifting area, and the bottom end of the injection pipeline is located at the bottom of the lifting area.

所述反应器主体区的主体结构包括同轴设置的外管和内管,内管设于外管中部,内管的上端和下端均开放,内管下端与外管的底面之间留有混合液下流动空间,内管上端与外管的顶面之间留有混合液上流动空间;内管内部的区域形成提升区,内管外部与外管之间的环形区域形成下降区。其中,提升区内的混合液向上流动,下降区内的混合液向下流动,混合液上流动空间和混合液下流动空间实现混合液流向的交换运动。The main structure of the main body area of the reactor includes an outer tube and an inner tube arranged coaxially, the inner tube is arranged in the middle of the outer tube, the upper end and the lower end of the inner tube are open, and there is a mixture between the lower end of the inner tube and the bottom surface of the outer tube. Under the liquid flow space, there is an upper flow space for the mixed liquid between the upper end of the inner tube and the top surface of the outer tube; the area inside the inner tube forms a lifting area, and the annular area between the outside of the inner tube and the outer tube forms a descending area. Wherein, the mixed liquid in the lifting area flows upwards, and the mixed liquid in the descending area flows downwards, and the upper flow space of the mixed liquid and the lower flow space of the mixed liquid realize the exchange movement of the flow direction of the mixed liquid.

所述外管和内管均为方管或圆管。当外管和内管均为方管时,气体净化区和分离沉淀区为设于外管两侧的矩形箱体结构,下降区也对应为矩形的环形区域;当外管和内管均为圆管时,气体净化区和分离沉淀区分别为设于外管外周的半环形箱体结构,下降区也对应为圆环形区域。Both the outer tube and the inner tube are square tubes or round tubes. When both the outer tube and the inner tube are square tubes, the gas purification zone and the separation and sedimentation zone are rectangular box structures located on both sides of the outer tube, and the descending zone also corresponds to a rectangular annular area; when the outer tube and the inner tube are both In the case of a circular tube, the gas purification zone and the separation and sedimentation zone are respectively semi-annular box structures located on the outer periphery of the outer tube, and the descending zone is also corresponding to a circular ring-shaped area.

所述气体净化区的主体结构包括由上至下依次设置的碱液多孔喷头、多孔填料、气体释放管和碱液贮存池,碱液多孔喷头喷出的碱液与气体释放管释放出的生物气反向流动,现实逆流接触,在多孔填料处进行气体净化,去除气体中的硫化氢等酸性组分,净化后的生物气由生物气管道送至射流器。The main structure of the gas purification area includes a lye porous nozzle, a porous filler, a gas release pipe and an lye storage tank arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the lye sprayed by the lye porous nozzle and the biological substance released by the gas release pipe. The gas flows in the opposite direction, and the actual countercurrent contact is performed. The gas is purified at the porous packing to remove acidic components such as hydrogen sulfide in the gas. The purified biogas is sent to the ejector through the biogas pipeline.

所述反应器主体区内还设有贮气区,贮气区位于提升区和下降区的上方,贮气区与气体净化区的上部相通;贮气区内设有穿孔气体吸收管,穿孔气体吸收管通过吸气泵与气体释放管连接。通过吸气泵将气体强制抽吸进入气体净化区底部释放,气体逆流与顶部喷淋下来的碱液接触,淋水填料显著增大了接触面积,强化了生物气中H2S等有害气体的吸收,净化后的气体在循环流量的推动下重新进入反应器主体区顶部,再通过生物气管道进入射流器而参与生物气射流循环。The main body area of the reactor is also provided with a gas storage area, the gas storage area is located above the lifting area and the lowering area, and the gas storage area communicates with the upper part of the gas purification area; the gas storage area is provided with a perforated gas absorption pipe, and the perforated gas The absorption pipe is connected with the gas release pipe through a suction pump. The gas is forcibly sucked into the bottom of the gas purification area by the suction pump and released, and the gas countercurrently contacts the alkali solution sprayed from the top, and the water-spraying filler significantly increases the contact area and strengthens the removal of harmful gases such as H 2 S in the biogas Absorption, the purified gas re-enters the top of the reactor body area driven by the circulation flow, and then enters the ejector through the biogas pipeline to participate in the biogas jet circulation.

所述碱液贮存池通过碱液循环泵与碱液多孔喷头连接,通过碱液循环泵抽取碱液贮存池中的碱液,送至碱液多孔喷头处喷淋使用,使碱液实现循环利用,从而达到节省资源的目的。The lye storage pool is connected with the lye porous nozzle through the lye circulation pump, and the lye in the lye storage pool is extracted by the lye circulation pump, and sent to the lye porous nozzle for spraying, so that the lye can be recycled , so as to achieve the purpose of saving resources.

所述分离沉淀区包括由下至上依次设置的下部污泥区、中部缓冲区、上部斜板沉淀区和出水堰槽,下部污泥区通过污泥回流孔与反应器主体区的底部连通,中部缓冲区通过混合液连接孔与反应器主体区的中部连通,中部缓冲区的外侧壁设有混合液出水口,混合液出水口通过混合液循环泵与射流器连接,出水堰槽处外接出水槽。一定比例的混合液通过混合液出水口从反应器主体区流入中部缓冲区,经过缓冲和沉淀后,污泥被截留在下部污泥区中,混合液改变方向向上运动,进一步通过上部斜板沉淀区进行泥水分离,出水通过出水堰槽进入出水槽排出,而污泥在下部沉淀区底部经过适当浓缩而重新沿器壁滑落而重新进入主体反应区,实现了污泥的自动回流。混合液回流泵从分离沉淀区抽取混合液循环可以有效降低斜板沉淀区的表面负荷,更好实现泥水分离。The separation and sedimentation zone includes a lower sludge zone, a middle buffer zone, an upper sloping plate settling zone, and an outlet weir flume, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The buffer zone is connected with the middle part of the main body area of the reactor through the connection hole of the mixed solution, and the outer wall of the central buffer zone is provided with a mixed solution outlet, which is connected to the ejector through the mixed solution circulation pump, and the water outlet weir is connected to the water outlet . A certain proportion of mixed liquid flows from the main area of the reactor into the middle buffer zone through the mixed liquid outlet. After buffering and sedimentation, the sludge is trapped in the lower sludge area, and the mixed liquid changes direction and moves upward, and further settles through the upper inclined plate. The mud-water separation zone is carried out, and the effluent enters the effluent tank through the effluent weir trough to be discharged, and the sludge is properly concentrated at the bottom of the lower sedimentation zone, then slides down along the wall of the device and re-enters the main reaction zone, realizing the automatic reflux of the sludge. The mixed liquid reflux pump draws the mixed liquid from the separation and sedimentation area to circulate, which can effectively reduce the surface load of the inclined plate sedimentation area and better realize the separation of mud and water.

所述生物气管道上设有气体流量计,可实时检测反应器主体区内及气体净化区内的压力状况。反应器主体区的顶部设有压力表和水封瓶,通过水封瓶保持压力稳定,当压力超过水封瓶的平衡压力时,多余的气体可以自动释放而减压。反应器主体区的底部设有进水管,用于导入高浓度有机污水。The biogas pipeline is provided with a gas flow meter, which can detect the pressure conditions in the main body area of the reactor and the gas purification area in real time. A pressure gauge and a water-sealed bottle are installed on the top of the main body of the reactor, and the pressure is kept stable through the water-sealed bottle. When the pressure exceeds the equilibrium pressure of the water-sealed bottle, the excess gas can be automatically released and decompressed. A water inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the main body area of the reactor for introducing high-concentration organic sewage.

上述射流厌氧生物反应器的原理为:射流厌氧生物反应器用射流法将厌氧生物反应器内产生的生物气(Biogas)随回流液一并回流至反应器底部,使反应器的流化推动力从单一液流推动转变为气流紊动和液流推动相耦合,在降低液体回流比的同时大幅度提高反应器的流态化效果与传质性能,开发出射流厌氧新型生物流化床反应器处理高浓度有机废水。用厌氧发酵产生的气体,推动反应器液体内部循环流动,解决传统流化床流态化不好的问题,克服传统流化床污泥分离差的缺点,实现高效的三相分离,使反应器内的厌氧污泥浓度大幅度提高;实行低C/N厌氧运行和低浓度厌氧过程,并在厌氧流化床里实行高效低浓度厌氧氨氧化过程,使高浓度废水经厌氧处理后,能去除90%左右的COD和氨氮,降低好氧负荷,使好氧出水完全达标排放。The principle of the above jet anaerobic bioreactor is: the jet anaerobic bioreactor uses the jet method to return the biogas (Biogas) generated in the anaerobic bioreactor to the bottom of the reactor together with the reflux liquid, so that the fluidization of the reactor The driving force has changed from a single liquid flow to a coupling of air turbulence and liquid flow, which greatly improves the fluidization effect and mass transfer performance of the reactor while reducing the liquid reflux ratio, and develops a new type of jet anaerobic biological fluidization The bed reactor treats high-concentration organic wastewater. The gas generated by anaerobic fermentation is used to promote the internal circulation of the reactor liquid, which solves the problem of poor fluidization of the traditional fluidized bed, overcomes the shortcomings of poor sludge separation of the traditional fluidized bed, and realizes efficient three-phase separation, making the reaction The concentration of anaerobic sludge in the device is greatly increased; low C/N anaerobic operation and low concentration anaerobic process are implemented, and high-efficiency and low-concentration anaerobic ammonium oxidation process is implemented in the anaerobic fluidized bed to make high-concentration wastewater pass through After anaerobic treatment, it can remove about 90% of COD and ammonia nitrogen, reduce the aerobic load, and make the aerobic effluent fully meet the discharge standards.

本发明相对于现有技术,具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

本射流厌氧生物反应器是通过反应器自身产生的生物气厌氧射流的形式实现反应器的流态化和污水污泥的完全均匀混合,由于生物气处于闭路循环状态,流态化效果受生物气产量影响小,可以适用于生化性较差的高浓有机废水的处理。The jet flow anaerobic bioreactor realizes the fluidization of the reactor and the complete and uniform mixing of the sewage sludge in the form of anaerobic jet flow of biogas generated by the reactor itself. Since the biogas is in a closed loop state, the fluidization effect is affected. The production of biogas has little effect, and it can be applied to the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater with poor biochemical properties.

本射流厌氧生物反应器利用厌氧反应过程所产生的生物气和分离区顶部出水回流混合进行射流,强化传质性能并降低了能耗,且液体流速可控为10~30m3/h,不容易发生堵塞。The jet-flow anaerobic bioreactor uses the biogas produced in the anaerobic reaction process and the effluent from the top of the separation zone to mix for jet flow, which enhances mass transfer performance and reduces energy consumption, and the liquid flow rate can be controlled at 10-30m 3 /h. Not easy to clog.

本射流厌氧生物反应器因改变流体特性实现了反应器内气液两相的完全流态化,由实验证明,针对食品废水和造纸废水,在负荷为6kg COD/(m3·d)的条件下可获得稳定运行、达到产气与去除COD的综合效果,其与上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)的对比运行效果可参见表1,表1中,(A)为食品废水,(B)为造纸废水。The jet flow anaerobic bioreactor realizes the complete fluidization of the gas-liquid two-phase in the reactor due to the change of the fluid characteristics. It is proved by experiments that for food wastewater and papermaking wastewater, the load is 6kg COD/(m 3 ·d) Under these conditions, stable operation can be achieved, and comprehensive effects of gas production and COD removal can be achieved. The comparative operation effect with the upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) can be seen in Table 1. In Table 1, (A) is food wastewater, ( B) is papermaking wastewater.

表1射流厌氧生物反应器与UASB反应器的实验统计数据对比Table 1 Comparison of experimental statistical data between jet flow anaerobic bioreactor and UASB reactor

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本射流厌氧生物反应器的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the jet flow anaerobic bioreactor.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

实施例1Example 1

本实施例一种高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,如图1所示,反应器内设有反应器主体区1、气体净化区2和分离沉淀区3,气体净化区和分离沉淀区分别设于反应器主体区的两侧;反应器主体区内通过喷射管道4与射流器5的出口端连接,射流器的进水端通过循环水管道6与分离沉淀区连接,射流器的进气端通过生物气管道7与气体净化区连接;反应器主体区的中部设有与分离沉淀区连通的混合液连接孔8,分离沉淀区底部设有与反应器主体区底部连通的污泥回流孔9。A jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for the treatment of high-concentration organic sewage in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, is provided with a reactor main body area 1, a gas purification area 2 and a separation and precipitation area 3 in the reactor, the gas purification area and The separation and precipitation areas are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body area of the reactor; the main area of the reactor is connected to the outlet end of the ejector 5 through the injection pipe 4, and the water inlet end of the ejector is connected to the separation and sedimentation area through the circulating water pipe 6, and the jet flow The inlet end of the reactor is connected to the gas purification area through the biogas pipeline 7; the middle part of the reactor main body area is provided with a mixed liquid connection hole 8 communicating with the separation and precipitation area, and the bottom of the separation and precipitation area is provided with a connecting hole 8 communicating with the bottom of the reactor main area. Sludge return hole 9.

反应器主体区中设有提升区1-1和下降区1-2,提升区位于反应器主体区的中部,下降区位于反应器主体区的外周,提升区上部与下降区上部相通,提升区底部与下降区底部相通,喷射管道设于提升区内,且喷射管道的底端位于提升区的底部。The main area of the reactor is provided with a lifting area 1-1 and a falling area 1-2. The lifting area is located in the middle of the main area of the reactor, and the falling area is located at the outer periphery of the main area of the reactor. The bottom communicates with the bottom of the descending area, the injection pipeline is arranged in the lifting area, and the bottom end of the injection pipeline is located at the bottom of the lifting area.

反应器主体区为套管式结构(即反应器主体区由2个管体相嵌套构成),气体净化区和分离沉淀区均为设于反应器主体区外侧的箱体式结构中。反应器主体区的主体结构包括同轴设置的外管和内管,内管设于外管中部,内管的上端和下端均开放,内管下端与外管的底面之间留有混合液下流动空间1-4,内管上端与外管的顶面之间留有混合液上流动空间1-3;内管内部的区域形成提升区,内管外部与外管之间的环形区域形成下降区。其中,提升区内的混合液向上流动,下降区内的混合液向下流动,混合液上流动空间和混合液下流动空间实现混合液流向的交换与循环运动。外管和内管均为方管,气体净化区和分离沉淀区为设于外管两侧的矩形箱体结构中,下降区也对应为矩形的环形区域。The main area of the reactor is a casing structure (that is, the main area of the reactor is composed of two pipes nested together), and the gas purification area and the separation and precipitation area are both located in the box structure outside the main area of the reactor. The main structure of the main area of the reactor includes an outer tube and an inner tube arranged coaxially. The inner tube is arranged in the middle of the outer tube. Flow space 1-4, there is a mixed liquid upper flow space 1-3 between the upper end of the inner pipe and the top surface of the outer pipe; the area inside the inner pipe forms a lifting area, and the annular area between the outside of the inner pipe and the outer pipe forms a descending Area. Wherein, the mixed liquid in the lifting area flows upwards, and the mixed liquid in the descending area flows downwards, and the upper flow space of the mixed liquid and the lower flow space of the mixed liquid realize the exchange and circulation of the mixed liquid flow direction. Both the outer tube and the inner tube are square tubes, the gas purification area and the separation and sedimentation area are in a rectangular box structure located on both sides of the outer tube, and the descending area is also a rectangular ring area.

气体净化区的主体结构包括由上至下依次设置的碱液多孔喷头10、多孔填料11、气体释放管12和碱液贮存池13,碱液多孔喷头喷出的碱液与气体释放管释放出的生物气反向流动,在多孔填料处进行气体净化,净化后的生物气由生物气管道送至射流器。反应器主体区内还设有贮气区1-5,贮气区位于提升区和下降区的上方,贮气区与气体净化区的上部相通;贮气区内设有穿孔气体吸收管14,穿孔气体吸收管通过吸气泵15与气体释放管连接。通过吸气泵将气体强制抽吸进入气体净化区底部释放,气体逆流与顶部喷淋下来的碱液接触,淋水填料显著增大了接触面积,强化了生物气中H2S等有害气体的吸收,净化后的气体在循环流量的推动下重新进入反应器主体区顶部,再通过生物气管道进入射流器而参与生物气射流循环。碱液贮存池通过碱液循环泵16与碱液多孔喷头连接,通过碱液循环泵抽取碱液贮存池中的碱液,送至碱液多孔喷头处喷淋使用,使碱液实现循环利用,从而达到节省资源的目的。The main structure of the gas purification area includes a lye porous nozzle 10, a porous filler 11, a gas release pipe 12 and an lye storage tank 13 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the lye sprayed by the lye porous nozzle and the gas release pipe release The biogas flows in reverse, and the gas is purified at the porous packing, and the purified biogas is sent to the ejector through the biogas pipeline. The reactor main body area is also provided with a gas storage area 1-5, the gas storage area is located above the lifting area and the descending area, and the gas storage area communicates with the upper part of the gas purification area; the gas storage area is provided with a perforated gas absorption pipe 14, The perforated gas absorption pipe is connected with the gas release pipe through a suction pump 15 . The gas is forcibly sucked into the bottom of the gas purification area by the suction pump and released, and the gas countercurrently contacts the alkali solution sprayed from the top, and the water-spraying filler significantly increases the contact area and strengthens the removal of harmful gases such as H 2 S in the biogas Absorption, the purified gas re-enters the top of the reactor body area driven by the circulation flow, and then enters the ejector through the biogas pipeline to participate in the biogas jet circulation. The lye storage pool is connected with the lye porous nozzle through the lye circulation pump 16, and the lye in the lye storage pool is extracted by the lye circulation pump, and sent to the lye porous nozzle for spraying, so that the lye can be recycled. So as to achieve the purpose of saving resources.

分离沉淀区包括由下至上依次设置的下部污泥区3-1、中部缓冲区3-2、上部斜板沉淀区3-3和出水堰槽3-4,下部污泥区通过污泥回流孔与反应器主体区的底部连通,中部缓冲区通过混合液连接孔8与反应器主体区的中部连通,中部缓冲区的外侧壁设有混合液出水口17,混合液出水口通过混合液循环泵21与射流器连接,出水堰槽处外接出水槽。一定比例的混合液通过混合液出水口从反应器主体区流入中部缓冲区,经过缓冲和沉淀后,污泥被截留在下部污泥区中,混合液改变方向向上运动,进一步通过上部斜板沉淀区进行泥水分离,出水通过出水堰槽进入出水槽排出,而污泥在下部沉淀区底部经过适当浓缩而重新沿器壁滑落而重新进入主体反应区,实现了污泥的自动回流。混合液回流泵从分离沉淀区抽取混合液循环可以有效降低斜板沉淀区的表面负荷,更好实现泥水分离。The separation and sedimentation area includes the lower sludge area 3-1, the middle buffer area 3-2, the upper inclined plate sedimentation area 3-3 and the outlet weir groove 3-4, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The lower sludge area passes through the sludge return hole It communicates with the bottom of the reactor main body area, and the middle buffer zone communicates with the middle of the reactor main body area through the mixed liquid connection hole 8. The outer wall of the central buffer area is provided with a mixed liquid outlet 17, and the mixed liquid outlet passes through the mixed liquid circulation pump. 21 is connected with the ejector, and the water outlet weir groove is externally connected to the water outlet. A certain proportion of mixed liquid flows from the main area of the reactor into the middle buffer zone through the mixed liquid outlet. After buffering and sedimentation, the sludge is trapped in the lower sludge area, and the mixed liquid changes direction and moves upward, and further settles through the upper inclined plate. The mud-water separation zone is carried out, and the effluent enters the effluent tank through the effluent weir trough to be discharged, and the sludge is properly concentrated at the bottom of the lower sedimentation zone, then slides down along the wall of the device and re-enters the main reaction zone, realizing the automatic reflux of the sludge. The mixed liquid reflux pump draws the mixed liquid from the separation and sedimentation area to circulate, which can effectively reduce the surface load of the inclined plate sedimentation area and better realize the separation of mud and water.

除此之外,生物气管道上设有气体流量计18,可实时检测反应器主体区内及气体净化区内的压力状况。反应器主体区的顶部设有压力表19和水封瓶20,通过水封瓶保持压力稳定,当压力超过水封瓶的平衡压力时,多余的气体可以自动释放而减压。反应器主体区的底部设有进水管22,用于导入高浓度有机污水。In addition, the biogas pipeline is provided with a gas flow meter 18, which can detect the pressure conditions in the main area of the reactor and the gas purification area in real time. The top of the main body of the reactor is provided with a pressure gauge 19 and a water-sealed bottle 20, through which the pressure is kept stable. When the pressure exceeds the equilibrium pressure of the water-sealed bottle, the excess gas can be automatically released and decompressed. A water inlet pipe 22 is provided at the bottom of the main body area of the reactor for introducing high-concentration organic sewage.

上述射流厌氧生物反应器的原理为:射流厌氧生物反应器用射流法将厌氧生物反应器内产生的生物气(Biogas)随回流液一并回流至反应器底部,使反应器的流化推动力从单一液流推动转变为气流紊动和液流推动相耦合,在降低液体回流比的同时大幅度提高反应器的流态化效果与传质性能,开发出射流厌氧新型生物流化床反应器处理高浓度有机废水。用厌氧发酵产生的气体,推动反应器液体内部循环流动,解决传统流化床流态化不好的问题,克服传统流化床污泥分离差的缺点,实现高效的三相分离,使反应器内的厌氧污泥浓度大幅度提高;MLSS达到10g/L以上,而且浓度可控;实行低C/N厌氧运行和低浓度厌氧过程,并在厌氧流化床里实行高效低浓度厌氧氨氧化过程,使高浓度废水经厌氧处理后,能去除90%左右的COD和部分氨氮,降低好氧负荷,使好氧出水完全达标排放。The principle of the above jet anaerobic bioreactor is: the jet anaerobic bioreactor uses the jet method to return the biogas (Biogas) generated in the anaerobic bioreactor to the bottom of the reactor together with the reflux liquid, so that the fluidization of the reactor The driving force has changed from a single liquid flow to a coupling of air turbulence and liquid flow, which greatly improves the fluidization effect and mass transfer performance of the reactor while reducing the liquid reflux ratio, and develops a new type of jet anaerobic biological fluidization The bed reactor treats high-concentration organic wastewater. The gas generated by anaerobic fermentation is used to promote the internal circulation of the reactor liquid, which solves the problem of poor fluidization of the traditional fluidized bed, overcomes the shortcomings of poor sludge separation of the traditional fluidized bed, and realizes efficient three-phase separation, making the reaction The concentration of anaerobic sludge in the device is greatly increased; MLSS reaches above 10g/L, and the concentration is controllable; low C/N anaerobic operation and low concentration anaerobic process are implemented, and high efficiency and low concentration are implemented in the anaerobic fluidized bed Concentration anaerobic ammonium oxidation process, after anaerobic treatment of high-concentration wastewater, it can remove about 90% of COD and part of ammonia nitrogen, reduce the aerobic load, and make the aerobic effluent fully meet the discharge standards.

其具体过程如图1中的箭头所示,在反应器主体区顶部有一部分未被混合液充满的空间(即贮气区1-5),反应开始后其中逐渐充满了生物气。反应器主体区从分离沉淀区抽取泥水混合液进行强制混合液循环,回流混合液高速通过射流器,在射流器喉部产生负压,在负压作用下,射流器经生物气管道和流量计将反应器主体区顶部贮存的气体抽吸进射流器,在射流器中气水混合后,经喷射管道直接输送至提升区的底部进行释放,释放的气水混合物沿提升管向上运动,由于提升区的气含率比下降区的气含率高,在产生密度差的作用下,实现了提升区和下降区中液体的循环流动,整个反应器主体区实现了均匀地流态化。一定比例的混合液通过中部的混合液连接孔从反应器主体区流入分离沉淀区,经过中部缓冲区和下部沉淀区后,污泥被截留,混合液改变方向向上运动,进一步通过上部斜板沉淀区进行泥水分离,出水通过出水堰槽进入出水槽排出,而污泥在下部沉淀区底部经过适当浓缩后,重新沿器壁滑落而重新进入主体反应区,实现了污泥的自动回流并提高污泥浓度。混合液回流泵从分离沉淀区抽取混合液循环可以有效降低斜板沉淀区的表面负荷,更好实现泥水分离。反应器顶部贮气区内的气体通过水封瓶保持压力稳定,当压力超过水封瓶平衡压力时,多余的气体可以自动释放而减压,同时可以通过压力表进行监测压力变化。在贮气区内设有穿孔气体吸收管,通过吸气泵将气体强制抽吸进入气体净化区底部释放,气体逆流与顶部喷淋下来的碱液接触,淋水填料显著增大了接触面积,强化了生物气中H2S等有害气体的吸收,净化后的气体再循环流量的推动下重新进入反应区顶部而参与生物气射流循环。The specific process is as shown by the arrow in Fig. 1, there is a part of the space (i.e. gas storage area 1-5) not filled by the mixed liquid at the top of the reactor main body area, which is gradually filled with biogas after the reaction starts. The main area of the reactor extracts the mud-water mixture from the separation and sedimentation area for forced circulation of the mixed liquid. The returned mixed liquid passes through the ejector at high speed and generates negative pressure at the throat of the ejector. Under the action of negative pressure, the ejector passes through the biogas pipeline and the flow meter The gas stored at the top of the main body area of the reactor is sucked into the ejector. After the gas and water are mixed in the ejector, it is directly transported to the bottom of the lifting area through the injection pipe for release. The released gas-water mixture moves upward along the riser, due to the lifting The gas holdup in the zone is higher than that in the down zone, and under the effect of density difference, the circulation of liquid in the up zone and down zone is realized, and the entire main body of the reactor is evenly fluidized. A certain proportion of the mixed solution flows from the main part of the reactor to the separation and sedimentation area through the mixed solution connecting hole in the middle. After passing through the middle buffer zone and the lower sedimentation zone, the sludge is trapped, and the mixed solution changes direction and moves upward, and further settles through the upper inclined plate. The mud-water separation is carried out in the mud-water area, and the effluent enters the effluent tank through the effluent weir trough to be discharged, and the sludge is properly concentrated at the bottom of the lower sedimentation area, then slides down along the wall of the device and re-enters the main reaction area, realizing the automatic return of the sludge and improving the sewage. mud concentration. The mixed liquid reflux pump draws the mixed liquid from the separation and sedimentation area to circulate, which can effectively reduce the surface load of the inclined plate sedimentation area and better realize the separation of mud and water. The gas in the gas storage area at the top of the reactor keeps the pressure stable through the water-sealed bottle. When the pressure exceeds the equilibrium pressure of the water-sealed bottle, the excess gas can be released automatically to depressurize. At the same time, the pressure change can be monitored through the pressure gauge. There is a perforated gas absorption pipe in the gas storage area. The gas is forcibly sucked into the bottom of the gas purification area by the suction pump and released. The gas counterflows and contacts the lye sprayed from the top. The water spray filler significantly increases the contact area. The absorption of harmful gases such as H 2 S in the biogas is strengthened, and the purified gas re-enters the top of the reaction zone under the impetus of the recirculation flow to participate in the biogas jet cycle.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例一种高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,与实施例1相比较,其不同之处在于,构成反应器主体区的外管和内管均为圆管,气体净化区和分离沉淀区分别为设于外管外周的半环形箱体结构,下降区也对应为圆环形区域。This embodiment is a jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for the treatment of high-concentration organic sewage. Compared with Embodiment 1, the difference is that the outer tube and inner tube constituting the main body area of the reactor are both circular tubes, and the gas purification The area and the separation and sedimentation area are respectively semi-annular box structures arranged on the outer periphery of the outer pipe, and the descending area is also corresponding to an annular area.

如上所述,便可较好地实现本发明,上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非用来限定本发明的实施范围;即凡依本发明内容所作的均等变化与修饰,都为本发明权利要求所要求保护的范围所涵盖。As mentioned above, the present invention can be better realized. The above-mentioned embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the scope of the present invention; Covered by the scope of protection required by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,其特征在于,反应器内设有反应器主体区、气体净化区和分离沉淀区,气体净化区和分离沉淀区分别设于反应器主体区的两侧;反应器主体区内通过喷射管道与射流器的出口端连接,射流器的进水端通过循环水管道与分离沉淀区连接,射流器的进气端通过生物气管道与气体净化区连接;反应器主体区的中部设有与分离沉淀区连通的混合液连接孔,分离沉淀区底部设有与反应器主体区底部连通的污泥回流孔。1. The jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for high-concentration organic sewage treatment is characterized in that, the reactor is equipped with a reactor main body area, a gas purification area and a separation and precipitation area, and the gas purification area and the separation and precipitation area are respectively located in the reactor Both sides of the main area; the main area of the reactor is connected to the outlet end of the ejector through the injection pipe, the water inlet end of the ejector is connected to the separation and sedimentation area through the circulating water pipe, and the inlet end of the ejector is connected to the gas flow through the biogas pipe. The purification area is connected; the middle part of the main body area of the reactor is provided with a mixed liquid connection hole connected with the separation and sedimentation area, and the bottom of the separation and sedimentation area is provided with a sludge return hole connected with the bottom of the main body area of the reactor. 2.根据权利要求1所述高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,其特征在于,所述反应器主体区为套管式结构,气体净化区和分离沉淀区均为设于反应器主体区外侧的箱体式结构。2. according to claim 1, the jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for the treatment of high-concentration organic sewage is characterized in that, the main body area of the reactor is a casing structure, and the gas purification area and the separation and precipitation area are all located in the reaction area. The box-type structure outside the main body area of the device. 3.根据权利要求1所述高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,其特征在于,所述反应器主体区中设有提升区和下降区,提升区位于反应器主体区的中部,下降区位于反应器主体区的外周,提升区上部与下降区上部相通,提升区底部与下降区底部相通,喷射管道设于提升区内,且喷射管道的底端位于提升区的底部。3. The jet anaerobic bioreactor for the treatment of high-concentration organic sewage according to claim 1, wherein a lifting zone and a descending zone are provided in the reactor main body area, and the lifting area is located in the middle of the reactor main body area , the descending zone is located on the outer periphery of the reactor main body zone, the upper part of the lifting zone communicates with the upper part of the descending zone, the bottom of the lifting zone communicates with the bottom of the descending zone, the injection pipeline is arranged in the lifting zone, and the bottom of the injection pipeline is located at the bottom of the lifting zone. 4.根据权利要求3所述高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,其特征在于,所述反应器主体区的主体结构包括同轴设置的外管和内管,内管设于外管中部,内管的上端和下端均开放,内管下端与外管的底面之间留有混合液下流动空间,内管上端与外管的顶面之间留有混合液上流动空间;内管内部的区域形成提升区,内管外部与外管之间的环形区域形成下降区。4. according to claim 3, the jet flow anaerobic bioreactor used for the treatment of high-concentration organic sewage is characterized in that, the main body structure of the main body area of the reactor comprises an outer tube and an inner tube coaxially arranged, and the inner tube is located at In the middle of the outer tube, the upper end and the lower end of the inner tube are open, there is a space for the mixed liquid to flow downward between the lower end of the inner tube and the bottom surface of the outer tube, and there is an upper flow space for the mixed liquid between the upper end of the inner tube and the top surface of the outer tube; The area inside the inner tube forms the lift zone and the annular area between the outside of the inner tube and the outer tube forms the drop zone. 5.根据权利要求4所述高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,其特征在于,所述外管和内管均为方管或圆管。5. The jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for treating high-concentration organic sewage according to claim 4, wherein the outer tube and the inner tube are both square tubes or round tubes. 6.根据权利要求1所述高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,其特征在于,所述气体净化区的主体结构包括由上至下依次设置的碱液多孔喷头、多孔填料、气体释放管和碱液贮存池,碱液多孔喷头喷出的碱液与气体释放管释放出的生物气反向流动,在多孔填料处进行气体净化,净化后的生物气由生物气管道送至射流器。6. The jet anaerobic bioreactor for the treatment of high-concentration organic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the main structure of the gas purification zone comprises a porous lye nozzle, a porous filler, The gas release pipe and the lye storage tank, the lye sprayed by the lye porous nozzle and the biogas released from the gas release pipe flow in reverse, and the gas is purified at the porous packing, and the purified biogas is sent to the ejector. 7.根据权利要求6所述高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,其特征在于,所述反应器主体区内还设有贮气区,贮气区位于提升区和下降区的上方,贮气区与气体净化区的上部相通;贮气区内设有穿孔气体吸收管,穿孔气体吸收管通过吸气泵与气体释放管连接。7. according to claim 6, the jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for the treatment of high-concentration organic sewage is characterized in that, a gas storage area is also provided in the main body area of the reactor, and the gas storage area is located between the lifting area and the descending area. Above, the gas storage area communicates with the upper part of the gas purification area; the gas storage area is provided with a perforated gas absorption pipe, and the perforated gas absorption pipe is connected with a gas release pipe through an air suction pump. 8.根据权利要求6所述高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,其特征在于,所述碱液贮存池通过碱液循环泵与碱液多孔喷头连接。8. The jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for treating high-concentration organic sewage according to claim 6, wherein the lye storage pool is connected to the lye porous nozzle through an lye circulation pump. 9.根据权利要求1所述高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,其特征在于,所述分离沉淀区包括由下至上依次设置的下部污泥区、中部缓冲区、上部斜板沉淀区和出水堰槽,下部污泥区通过污泥回流孔与反应器主体区的底部连通,中部缓冲区通过混合液连接孔与反应器主体区的中部连通,中部缓冲区的外侧壁设有混合液出水口,混合液出水口通过混合液循环泵与射流器连接,出水堰槽处外接出水槽。9. The jet anaerobic bioreactor for the treatment of high-concentration organic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the separation and sedimentation zone comprises a lower sludge zone, a middle buffer zone, and an upper sloping plate arranged sequentially from bottom to top The sedimentation area and the outlet weir groove, the lower sludge area communicates with the bottom of the reactor main area through the sludge return hole, the middle buffer area communicates with the middle of the reactor main area through the mixed liquid connection hole, and the outer wall of the central buffer area is provided with The mixed liquid outlet is connected with the ejector through the mixed liquid circulation pump, and the water outlet weir groove is connected with the water outlet. 10.根据权利要求1所述高浓度有机污水处理用的射流厌氧生物反应器,其特征在于,所述生物气管道上设有气体流量计,反应器主体区的顶部设有压力表和水封瓶,反应器主体区的底部设有进水管。10. The jet flow anaerobic bioreactor for the treatment of high-concentration organic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that, the biogas pipeline is provided with a gas flow meter, and the top of the reactor main body area is provided with a pressure gauge and a water seal bottle, and a water inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the reactor main body area.
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