CN107091279B - Internal three-fork type constant-angular-speed universal coupling - Google Patents
Internal three-fork type constant-angular-speed universal coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN107091279B CN107091279B CN201710319399.3A CN201710319399A CN107091279B CN 107091279 B CN107091279 B CN 107091279B CN 201710319399 A CN201710319399 A CN 201710319399A CN 107091279 B CN107091279 B CN 107091279B
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- fork
- groove
- transmission element
- roller groove
- outer shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
- F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
- F16D3/221—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being located in sockets in one of the coupling parts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Friction Gearing (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an inner three-fork type constant-speed universal coupling, which comprises: the outer shaft, the transmission element, the protective cover, the inner shaft and the three-fork roller groove; the outer shaft is connected with the three-fork roller groove through the transmission element, the three-fork roller groove is connected with the inner shaft, and the protective cover is connected with the shell of the outer shaft and the inner shaft for sealing lubricating grease; when a certain deflection angle exists, the roller of the transmission element rotates and slides in the roller groove of the three-fork roller groove, and meanwhile, the phenomenon of blocking is avoided under the automatic aligning action of the aligning bearing, so that torque is transmitted to the three-fork roller groove, and the equal-angle rotation is realized; the axial length of the three-fork roller groove is larger than the actual running distance of the transmission element when the maximum deflection angle is 40 degrees, so that the axial compensation function of the universal coupling is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of universal couplings, in particular to an inner three-fork type constant-angular-speed universal coupling.
Background
At present, most universal couplings have single functions, namely, certain radial displacement compensation can be met, but axial displacement compensation cannot be met, so that the defects of serious equipment abrasion, short service life, frequent replacement and the like are often caused.
The ball is used for transmitting torque and compensating displacement in most of common ball cage universal couplings, and the structure replaces the ball with the roller, and three groups of the ball are uniformly distributed, so that the ball cage universal couplings have the advantages of simpler structure, more convenience in installation, low failure rate, good economical efficiency, safety and reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of completing the connection of the shafts which are not on the same straight line, and has the advantages of convenient connection, high transmission efficiency and easy maintenance of the universal coupling.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to an inner three-fork type constant-speed universal coupling, which comprises: the outer shaft, the transmission element, the protective cover, the inner shaft and the three-fork roller groove; the outer shaft is connected with the three-fork roller groove through the transmission element, the three-fork roller groove is connected with the inner shaft, and the protective cover is connected with the shell of the outer shaft and the inner shaft and used for sealing lubricating grease; the transfer element includes: the device comprises a gland, a roller, a self-aligning bearing, a ball groove, a countersunk screw and an auxiliary element; and the transmission element and the three-fork roller groove adopt built-in structures, so that the universal coupling has a simple and compact integral structure, and the manufacturing cost is saved.
Further, the outer diameter of the spherical groove is in interference fit with the inner diameter of the self-aligning bearing, the outer diameter of the self-aligning bearing is in transition fit with the inner groove of the roller, the self-aligning bearing is axially positioned through the flange of the roller and the gland, and the self-aligning bearing is fastened through the countersunk screw; the auxiliary element comprises: the sliding block is of a square structure, an inner spherical structure is arranged in the middle of the sliding block, a rotary spherical connection is formed between the sliding block and the roller, the linear strip bearing is provided with a strip-shaped metal retaining plate, and the rigid ball is fixed on the strip-shaped metal retaining plate to form a relative rotary spherical connection; when large torque and large load transmission are carried out, the sliding block is sleeved outside the roller, the strip-shaped linear bearing is fixed on the roller groove of the three-fork roller groove, so that the contact area between the transmission element and the three-fork roller groove is increased, the transmission capacity is improved, meanwhile, under the cooperation of the strip-shaped linear bearing, the sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, the abrasion of parts is reduced, and the service life is prolonged; when transmitting less torque and load, the roller is directly contacted with the grooved pulley groove of the three-fork roller.
Further, the outer shaft comprises: a main shaft I, a shell and a connector; the outer shaft is of a split structure, and the main shaft I is connected with the shell; the shell is provided with a slotted hole for installing the connector, the shell and the connector are installed in an oil bath heating mode, and when the connector fails and the shell is not damaged, the connector is replaced periodically, so that the cost is reduced; the base of the connector is connected with the slot hole of the shell to form a molded surface, a layer of manganese-copper damping alloy layer is fixed on the base of the connector, and under the action of external stress, the movement of a manganese-copper damping alloy micro twin crystal boundary and the deflection of magnetic moment absorb external energy, so that the stress is relaxed, the effects of vibration reduction and noise reduction are achieved, the head of the connector is a solid spherical body, the connector is made of a high-strength alloy steel material, and compared with the shell, the hardness of the connector is small in a quenching and tempering manner, so that the outer shaft has higher toughness and usability; the head of the connector is connected with the spherical groove in the transmission element to fix the axial position of the transmission element, so that the phenomenon that the transmission element collides with the shell in the transmission process is avoided, and the transmission is unstable or even fails.
Further, the transmission element is in clearance fit with the wheel groove of the three-fork roller groove, single-sided rolling friction is formed between the transmission element and the three-fork roller groove and the roller under the action of the aligning bearing in the movement process, the three-fork roller groove is connected with the inner shaft through a spline, and the shaft end of the three-fork roller groove is axially positioned through a positioning ring; the aligning bearing, the transmission element and the three-fork roller groove are lubricated in a grease lubrication mode to control abrasion, and the protection cover is used for protecting the mechanism to prevent grease leakage and external impurities from affecting the operation of the mechanism; when the outer shaft is a driving end and rotates anticlockwise, a connector on a shell of the outer shaft drives the transmission element to integrally move through the spherical groove, when a certain deflection angle exists between the outer shaft and the inner shaft, the roller deflects relative to the shell of the outer shaft through spherical connection of the connector, the roller rotates and slides in a roller groove of the three-fork roller groove, meanwhile, the phenomenon of blocking is avoided under the automatic aligning effect of the aligning bearing, torque and load are transmitted to the three-fork roller groove, and finally the inner shaft is driven to synchronously rotate at equal angles through spline connection; the axial length of the three-fork roller groove is larger than the actual running distance of the transmission element when the maximum deflection angle is 40 degrees, and meanwhile, the axial compensation requirement is met, and the axial compensation function of the universal coupling is realized; when the inner shaft is a driving end, the transmission paths of torque and load are reversely transmitted to the outer shaft by the three-fork roller groove, and the effects are consistent; when the outer shaft and the inner shaft have a certain deflection angle, the center of the three-fork roller groove is always positioned on the intersection point of the axes of the outer shaft and the inner shaft, so that the center of the transmission element is always positioned on the angle bisection plane of the included angle between the axes of the outer shaft and the inner shaft, and the equiangular speed transmission under the condition of the deflection angle is realized.
Further, the wheel grooves of the three-fork roller groove are of a three-fork groove structure with three grooves uniformly distributed, the wheel grooves are processed into an arc surface structure when directly contacting with the roller of the transmission element, the contact area of the wheel grooves with the roller of the transmission element is increased, and the strip-shaped linear bearings are fixed on the side edges of the wheel grooves when the wheel grooves are directly contacted with the sliding blocks; the inner spline is machined in the center hole of the three-fork roller groove and is connected with the outer spline of the inner shaft, the three-fork roller groove is integrally machined by high-carbon steel materials, the hardness of the three-fork roller groove is increased through quenching treatment, and usability is guaranteed.
Furthermore, the universal coupling adopts a grease lubrication mode and is sealed by the protective cover, the protective cover is made of high-elasticity corrosion-resistant rubber, and two ends of the protective cover are respectively fixed on the outer shaft and the inner shaft by elastic jackets.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the internal three-fork type constant-angular-speed universal coupling adopts the transmission element and the built-in structure of the three-fork roller groove to realize the angular displacement compensation and the axial displacement compensation of the universal coupling; the constant angular speed transmission is realized by a three-groove contact mode, and the device has the advantages of simple and compact structure, convenient installation, buffering and vibration absorption and low noise; the grease lubrication mode is adopted, the design is safe and reliable, the friction coefficient of equipment is small, the transmission efficiency is high, the replacement is efficient and quick, the economy is excellent, the modularized structural design is adopted, and the maintenance is more convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1: the invention relates to a cross section of an inner three-fork type constant-speed universal coupling;
fig. 2: the invention relates to a front view of an inner three-fork type constant-angular-speed universal coupling;
fig. 3: the invention relates to a cross section of an inner three-fork type equiangular speed universal coupling transmission element;
fig. 4: the invention relates to a three-fork roller groove perspective view of an inner three-fork type constant-speed universal coupling;
fig. 5: the invention relates to an external shaft front view of an inner three-fork type constant-speed universal coupling;
fig. 6: the invention relates to an external shaft section view of an inner three-fork type constant-speed universal coupling;
in the figure: the device comprises a 1-outer shaft, a 2-transmission element, a 3-protective cover, a 4-inner shaft, a 5-three fork roller groove, a 11-shell, a 12-connector, a 21-gland, a 22-roller, a 23-aligning bearing, a 24-ball groove and a 25-countersunk head screw.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, the present invention is an inner three-fork type constant angular velocity universal joint, comprising: an outer shaft 1, a transmission element 2, a protective cover 3, an inner shaft 4 and a three-fork roller groove 5; the connector 12 in the outer shaft 1 and the spherical groove 24 in the transmission element 2 form a spherical pair, the transmission element 2 is provided with three groups of wheel grooves uniformly distributed in the three-fork roller groove 5 and the connector 12 in the outer shaft 1, the outer shaft 1 is connected with the three-fork roller groove 5 through the transmission element 2, the three-fork roller groove 5 is connected with the inner shaft 4, and the protective cover 3 is connected with the shell 11 of the outer shaft 1 and the inner shaft 4 and is used for sealing lubricating grease; the transfer element 2 comprises: the gland 21, the roller 22, the aligning bearing 23, the spherical groove 24, the countersunk head screw 25 and the auxiliary element; the transmission element 2 and the three-fork roller groove 5 adopt built-in structures, so that the whole structure of the universal coupling is simple and compact, and the manufacturing cost is saved; the outer diameter of the spherical groove 24 is in interference fit with the inner diameter of the self-aligning bearing 23, the outer diameter of the self-aligning bearing 23 is in transition fit with the inner groove of the roller 22, the self-aligning bearing 23 is axially positioned through the flange of the roller 22 and the gland 21, and the self-aligning bearing is fastened through the countersunk screw 25; the auxiliary element comprises: the sliding block is of a square structure, an inner spherical structure is arranged in the middle of the sliding block, a rotary spherical connection is formed between the sliding block and the roller 22, the strip-shaped linear bearing is provided with a strip-shaped metal retaining plate, and the rigid ball is fixed on the strip-shaped metal retaining plate to form a relative rotary spherical connection; when large torque and large load transmission is carried out, the sliding block is sleeved outside the roller 22, the strip-shaped linear bearing is fixed on the roller groove of the three-fork roller groove 5, so that the contact area between the transmission element 2 and the three-fork roller groove 5 is increased, the transmission capacity is improved, meanwhile, under the cooperation of the strip-shaped linear bearing, the sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, the abrasion of parts is reduced, and the service life is prolonged; the roller 22 directly contacts the three-fork roller groove 5 when transmitting small torque and load; the outer shaft 1 comprises: a main shaft I, a shell 11 and a connector 12; the outer shaft 1 is of a split structure, and the main shaft I is connected with the shell 11; the shell 11 is provided with a slotted hole for installing the connector 12, the shell 11 and the connector 12 are installed in an oil bath heating mode, and when the connector 12 fails and the shell 11 is not damaged, the connector 12 is replaced periodically, so that the cost is reduced; the base of the connector 12 is in molded surface connection with the slot hole of the shell 11, a layer of manganese-copper damping alloy layer is fixed on the base of the connector 12, and under the action of external stress, the movement of a micro twin crystal boundary of the manganese-copper damping alloy and the deflection of magnetic moment absorb external energy, so that the stress is relaxed, the effects of vibration reduction and noise reduction are achieved, the head of the connector 12 is a solid spherical body, the connector 12 is made of a high-strength alloy steel material, and compared with the shell 11, the hardness of the connector is small in a quenching and tempering manner, so that the outer shaft 1 has higher toughness and usability; the head of the connector 12 is connected with the spherical groove 24 in the transmission element 2, so that the axial position of the transmission element 2 is fixed, and the phenomenon that the transmission element 2 collides with the shell 11 in the transmission process is avoided, so that the transmission is unstable or even fails.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, an inner three-fork type constant-angular-velocity universal coupling works in the following manner: when the outer shaft 1 is a driving end and rotates anticlockwise, the connector 12 on the shell 11 of the outer shaft 1 drives the transmission element 2 to integrally move through the spherical groove 24, when a certain deflection angle exists between the outer shaft 1 and the inner shaft 4, the roller 22 deflects relative to the shell of the outer shaft 1 through spherical connection of the connector 12, the roller 22 rotates and slides in the roller groove of the three-fork roller groove 5, meanwhile, the phenomenon of blocking is avoided under the automatic aligning action of the aligning bearing 23, so that torque and load are transmitted to the three-fork roller groove 5, and finally the inner shaft 4 is driven to synchronously rotate at equal angles through spline connection; the axial length of the three-fork roller groove 5 is larger than the actual running distance of the transmission element 2 when the maximum deflection angle is 40 degrees, and meanwhile, the axial compensation requirement is met, and the axial compensation function of the universal coupling is realized; when the inner shaft 4 is a driving end, the transmission paths of torque and load are reversely transmitted to the outer shaft 1 by the three-fork roller groove 5, and the effects are consistent; when the outer shaft 1 and the inner shaft 4 have a certain deflection angle, the center of the three-fork roller groove 5 is always positioned on the intersection point of the axes of the outer shaft 1 and the inner shaft 4, so that the center of the transmission element 2 is always positioned on an angle bisection plane of the included angle between the axes of the outer shaft 1 and the inner shaft 4, and the equiangular speed transmission under the condition of having a deflection angle is realized; and the transmission element 2 and the three-fork roller groove 5 adopt built-in structures, so that the whole structure of the universal coupling is simple and compact, and the manufacturing cost is saved.
The scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that would be easily recognized by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. An internal trifurcated constant velocity universal joint comprising: the device comprises an outer shaft (1), a transmission element (2), a protective cover (3), an inner shaft (4) and a three-fork roller groove (5); the outer shaft (1) is connected with the three-fork roller groove (5) through the transmission element (2), the three-fork roller groove (5) is connected with the inner shaft (4), and the protective cover (3) is connected with the shell (11) of the outer shaft (1) and the inner shaft (4) for sealing lubricating grease; the transfer element (2) comprises: the device comprises a gland (21), a roller (22), a self-aligning bearing (23), a spherical groove (24), a countersunk head screw (25) and an auxiliary element; the transmission element (2) and the three-fork roller groove (5) adopt built-in structures, so that the whole structure of the universal coupling is simple and compact, and the manufacturing cost is saved; the outer diameter of the spherical groove (24) is in interference fit with the inner diameter of the self-aligning bearing (23), the outer diameter of the self-aligning bearing (23) is in transition fit with the inner groove of the roller (22), the self-aligning bearing (23) is axially positioned through the flange of the roller (22) and the gland (21), and the self-aligning bearing is fastened through the countersunk screw (25); the auxiliary element comprises: the sliding block is of a square structure, an inner spherical structure is arranged in the middle of the sliding block, a rotary spherical connection is formed between the sliding block and the roller (22), the strip-shaped linear bearing is provided with a strip-shaped metal retaining plate, and the rigid ball is fixed on the strip-shaped metal retaining plate to form a relative rotary spherical connection; when large torque and large load transmission are carried out, the sliding block is sleeved outside the roller (22), the strip-shaped linear bearing is fixed on the roller groove of the three-fork roller groove (5), so that the contact area between the transmission element (2) and the three-fork roller groove (5) is increased, the transmission capacity is improved, meanwhile, under the cooperation of the strip-shaped linear bearing, the sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, the abrasion of parts is reduced, and the service life is prolonged; when transmitting small torque and load, the roller (22) is directly contacted with the three-fork roller groove (5); the wheel grooves of the three-fork roller grooves (5) are of a three-fork groove structure with three grooves uniformly distributed, the wheel grooves are processed into an arc surface structure when directly contacting with the roller (22) of the transmission element (2), the contact area of the wheel grooves with the roller (22) of the transmission element (2) is increased, and strip-shaped linear bearings are fixed on the side edges of the wheel grooves when the wheel grooves are directly contacted with the sliding blocks; the center hole processing internal spline of three fork roller groove (5) with the external spline connection of interior axle (4), three fork roller groove (5) wholly adopt high carbon steel material to process and make, increase its hardness through quenching treatment, guarantee usability.
2. An inner trifurcated constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer shaft (1) comprises: a main shaft I, a shell (11) and a connector (12); the outer shaft (1) is of a split structure, and the main shaft I is connected with the shell (11); the shell (11) is provided with a slotted hole for installing the connector (12), the shell (11) and the connector (12) are installed in an oil bath heating mode, when the connector (12) fails, the connector (12) is replaced periodically when the shell (11) is not damaged, and the cost is reduced; the base of the connector (12) is in molded surface connection with the slotted hole of the shell (11), a layer of manganese-copper damping alloy layer is fixed on the base of the connector (12), and under the action of external stress, the movement of a manganese-copper damping alloy micro twin crystal boundary and the deflection of magnetic moment absorb external energy, so that the stress is relaxed, the effects of vibration reduction and noise reduction are achieved, the head of the connector (12) is a solid spherical body, the connector (12) is made of a high-strength alloy steel material, and the hardness of the connector is small relative to the shell (11) in a quenching and tempering manner, so that the outer shaft (1) has higher toughness and usability; the head of the connector (12) is connected with a spherical groove (24) in the transmission element (2) to fix the axial position of the transmission element (2), so that the phenomenon that the transmission element (2) collides with the shell (11) in the transmission process is avoided, and the transmission is unstable or even fails.
3. An inner three-fork type constant-angular-velocity universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission element (2) is in clearance fit with the wheel groove of the three-fork roller groove (5), and forms single-sided rolling friction with the roller (22) under the action of the aligning bearing (23) during movement, the three-fork roller groove (5) is connected with the inner shaft (4) through a spline, and the shaft end of the transmission element is axially positioned through a positioning ring; the self-aligning bearing (23), the transmission element (2) and the three-fork roller groove (5) are lubricated in a grease lubrication mode to control abrasion, and the protection cover (3) is used for protecting the mechanism from being influenced by grease leakage and external impurities; when the outer shaft (1) is a driving end and rotates anticlockwise, a connector (12) on a shell (11) of the outer shaft (1) drives the transmission element (2) to integrally move through the spherical groove (24), when a certain deflection angle exists between the outer shaft (1) and the inner shaft (4), the roller (22) deflects relative to the shell of the outer shaft (1) through spherical connection of the connector (12), the roller (22) rotates and slides in a wheel groove of the three-fork roller groove (5), meanwhile, the phenomenon of blocking is avoided under the automatic aligning action of the aligning bearing (23), torque and load are transmitted to the three-fork roller groove (5), and finally the inner shaft (4) is driven to synchronously rotate at equal angles through spline connection; the axial length of the three-fork roller groove (5) is larger than the actual running distance of the transmission element (2) when the maximum deflection angle is 40 degrees, and meanwhile, the axial compensation requirement is met, and the axial compensation function of the universal coupling is realized; when the inner shaft (4) is a driving end, the transmission paths of torque and load are reversely transmitted to the outer shaft (1) through the three-fork roller groove (5), and the effects are consistent; when a certain deflection angle exists between the outer shaft (1) and the inner shaft (4), the center of the three-fork roller groove (5) is always positioned on the intersection point of the axes of the outer shaft (1) and the inner shaft (4), so that the center of the transmission element (2) is always positioned on the angle plane of the included angle between the axes of the outer shaft (1) and the inner shaft (4), and the equiangular speed transmission under the condition of the deflection angle is realized.
4. An inner three-fork type constant-speed universal coupling according to claim 1, wherein the universal coupling adopts a grease lubrication mode and is sealed by the protective cover (3), the protective cover (3) is made of high-elasticity corrosion-resistant rubber, and two ends of the protective cover are respectively fixed on the outer shaft (1) and the inner shaft (4) through elastic jackets.
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CN201710319399.3A CN107091279B (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | Internal three-fork type constant-angular-speed universal coupling |
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CN201710319399.3A CN107091279B (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | Internal three-fork type constant-angular-speed universal coupling |
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CN107091279A CN107091279A (en) | 2017-08-25 |
CN107091279B true CN107091279B (en) | 2023-08-29 |
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CN112343932B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-06-03 | 浙江浙研冷挤压有限公司 | Elastic coupling based on irregular inner ring |
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CN2799967Y (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-07-26 | 长安汽车(集团)有限责任公司 | Universal transmission mechanism |
JP2008240811A (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-09 | Ntn Corp | Tripod constant velocity universal joint |
CN102537101A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-07-04 | 现代威亚株式会社 | High joint angle tripod type constant velocity joint |
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