CN107063211B - Support device for accurately adjusting laser direction indicator and measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a support device and a measurement method for accurately adjusting a laser pointing instrument. The L-shaped right-angle bracket platform is fixed on the cave wall, and two parallel bolt holes are processed on the horizontal support plate of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform. The chute and the bolt hole are equipped with a horizontal adjustment base that can be adjusted through the first bolt, and a fixed splint is installed on the horizontal adjustment base. A laser pointing instrument is installed inside the sleeve, and the laser pointing instrument cooperates with the angle fine-tuning mechanism installed at both ends of the cylindrical sleeve to adjust its angle; the threaded hole chute of the horizontal support plate is adjustable with a protective cover through the second bolt. It can realize rapid left and right movement, convenient horizontal and precise positioning, and can also adjust the angle arbitrarily in the vertical direction, which is convenient for guiding inclined shafts with slopes, and can effectively avoid the impact of blasting construction on the laser pointer.

Description

A support device and measurement method for precisely adjusting a laser pointing instrument

technical field

The invention relates to a bracket for installing a laser pointing instrument and a measuring method, in particular to a mounting bracket and a method thereof which have a safety protection function in underground cavern excavation and can precisely adjust the pointing of a laser pointing instrument.

Background technique

Laser pointing devices are widely used in underground engineering, especially in the excavation of underground mines, large-scale tunnel excavation, urban subway construction, water diversion tunnel construction, and large-scale underground plant excavation. Guide the benchmark and guide the excavation. Especially when encountering long-distance linear tunnels (flat tunnels, inclined shafts or vertical shafts) with small radius sections, the laser pointing device can significantly improve the efficiency of setting out and guiding instead of the total station. However, since the laser pointing device is fixedly installed near the top axis or waistline of the construction site during underground cavern construction, there are many intersecting procedures in underground construction, especially during blasting, where strong shock waves or flying stones often affect the laser pointing device. impact on stability and security.

If the laser pointing device cannot be effectively installed in the proper place and kept firm and stable, the laser pointing device will often be displaced due to the impact or loosening of the mounting bracket, and the laser pointing will have a guiding deviation, mislead the construction, and even cause quality accidents. The adjustment of the laser pointer is also very cumbersome, and the construction site lacks effective inspection methods. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a bracket and a measurement method that can quickly and efficiently detect and accurately adjust the pointing accuracy of the laser pointing instrument at the construction site. After many times of exploration and practice, a set of laser pointing device mounting bracket and its precise adjustment method are designed, which can not only facilitate precise positioning and adjustment, but also be firmly installed, and provide safety protection for the laser pointing device.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems of unstable installation of the laser pointing instrument, low efficiency of pointing accuracy detection, inconvenient adjustment, and often vulnerable to damage or even damage during the construction process, the present invention designs a new type of laser pointing instrument mounting bracket device and its precise adjustment measurement The method can realize rapid left and right movement, facilitate horizontal and accurate positioning, and can also adjust the angle arbitrarily in the vertical direction, which is convenient for guiding inclined shafts with slopes, and a safety protection device is designed to effectively avoid damage to the laser pointer caused by blasting construction. Influence.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the object of the present invention is achieved in this way: a support device for accurately adjusting the laser pointing instrument, which includes an L-shaped right-angle bracket platform, and the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform is fixed on the wall of the cave, The horizontal support plate of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform is processed with two bolt hole chutes arranged in parallel, and the horizontal adjustment base is adjustablely installed on the bolt hole chute through the first bolt, and the horizontal adjustment base A fixed splint is installed on the fixed splint, and a longitudinal adjustment bracket is rotatably installed on the fixed splint through reinforcement bolts. A laser pointer is installed inside the cylindrical sleeve of the longitudinal adjustment bracket. The angle fine-tuning mechanisms at both ends cooperate to adjust the angle; the threaded hole chute of the horizontal support plate is adjustable with a protective cover through the second bolt; the protective cover is set outside the laser pointing instrument, and the laser pointing The tail of the instrument is connected with the power cord of the laser pointing instrument.

The L-shaped right-angled bracket platform is welded into a right-angled L-shaped structure with steel plates, and the two ends of the L-shaped right-angled bracket platform are respectively firmly welded to the iron plate anchored on the cave wall or fixedly connected to the iron plate with expansion bolts.

The bottom plate bolt hole chute matched with the bolt hole chute is processed on the lateral adjustment base, and the arc threaded hole chute is processed on the fixed splint.

The longitudinal adjustment bracket includes a support plate, a cylindrical sleeve is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate, and two threaded holes are processed on the support plate, and the two threaded holes are respectively slidable with the bottom plate bolt holes of the horizontal adjustment base. The slot and the curved threaded hole chute cooperate to adjust the angle of the support plate.

There are two groups of the angle fine-tuning mechanism, and they are installed symmetrically on both ends of the cylindrical sleeve. The threaded sleeves are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the cylindrical sleeve and arranged along its radial direction.

The protective cover adopts an arched cover, and the two sides of the arched cover are respectively processed with a front laser penetration hole and a power line outlet; the front laser penetration hole is a rectangular hole, and is connected to the laser end of the laser pointer. Cooperate; the outlet of the power cord is used to pass through the power cord of the laser pointing instrument; the bottom of the other two sides of the arched cover is provided with fixed iron angle lugs, and the fixed iron angle lugs are matched with the bolt hole chute through bolts.

The top of the vertical support plate of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform is processed with a fixed threaded hole, and the fixed threaded hole is connected with the iron plate on the wall of the cave by bolts.

Rubber protective rings are built in both ends of the cylindrical sleeve, and the rubber protective ring fits with the outer wall of the laser pointer, and a plugging bottom cover is installed on one end of the cylindrical sleeve through thread fitting, and the plugging bottom cover There is an outlet for the power cord of the laser pointing instrument on the top.

A tube level is installed on the top of the cylindrical sleeve.

Using any one of the measurement methods for stent devices, it includes the following steps:

S1: First, use a total station with a prism-free function to roughly measure the buried position of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform using the cavern coordinate system (X, Y, H), determine the installation position of the laser pointer, and use the laser pointer according to the needs of the site. The pointing instrument can be installed on the axis or at a certain distance away from the axis or at the waistline attachment. After the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform is installed firmly and stably, accurately set out the installation axis of the laser pointing instrument on the horizontal support plate of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform and paint it or a marker pen;

Among them, X represents the shaft number of the axis, Y represents the distance from the central axis, and H represents the elevation;

S2: Adjust the horizontal adjustment base, align the central axis marked on the horizontal adjustment base with the installation axis marked on the horizontal support plate, fix the first bolts at the four corners of the horizontal adjustment base, and install the vertical adjustment of the laser pointer. The bracket and the adjustment base are fixed, and the laser pointer is roughly placed on the spot with a tube level on site;

S3: Connect the power supply to the laser pointing device, turn on the laser pointing device, the on-site installation personnel use a white PVC baffle as the first laser receiving target near the laser pointing device, and the laser target point is clearly visible. The prism distance measurement function accurately illuminates the center of the first laser receiving target, and measures the coordinates of the laser pointing device (X1, Y1, H1); remove the target, and set up a second laser receiving target at a distance of 50-100 meters from the laser pointing device, and measure it The three-dimensional coordinates of the laser point (X2, Y2, H2); if the laser pointing instrument is close to the construction face, the laser spot projected by the laser pointing instrument can be clearly seen, and the total station can be used to directly measure the center of the laser spot to measure its three-dimensional Coordinates (X2, Y2, H2); if it is a straight-line tunnel with no slope, it is required that the Y and H values are equal within the error range, and the laser pointing device is considered to be guided correctly; otherwise, the coordinate difference between the two points △Y( △Y=Y2-Y1) and △H (△H=H2-H1) to adjust the direction and amplitude. If the difference is small, you only need to adjust the four adjusting screws at the front end of the micro-moving cylindrical sleeve. By adjusting the left and right two Adjust the screw to make △Y close to 0, and adjust the upper and lower adjustment screws to make △H close to 0; if the adjustment is not qualified, you need to fine-tune the four small bolts at the rear end of the cylindrical sleeve. The method is the same, and the adjustment is accurate. Then fix it; after covering the protective cover, use the total station to measure accurately once to meet the requirements; the final measured three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, H2) on the target or face are the guiding coordinates of the laser pointer , compared with the design section parameters, through calculation, lofting and calibration can be carried out on the tunnel face, the difference between the design vault elevation and H2 is the distance from the laser point to the vault, and the design sideline length -Y2 is the distance from the laser point to the sideline, Encrypted staking in sequence;

S4: If the difference is large and the target cannot be achieved through the angle fine-tuning mechanism, the bolts of the horizontal adjustment base and the longitudinal adjustment bracket need to be loosened, and then coarse adjustment is performed first, and the bolts are tightened in a semi-fixed state, and the coordinates of the laser spots are measured with a total station Compare, if the deviation is small, fix it, and then use the method of step S3 to adjust it accurately;

S5: If it is a straight tunnel or inclined shaft with a slope, it needs to be based on the difference between the two points (△X=X2-X1, that is, the pile number difference) and the design slope as P% (with positive and negative signs), Calculate the design elevation H'=H1+△X×P% of the pile number of the excavation face, and then compare it with the measured elevation H2. The difference △H (△H=H2-H') is the angle of the laser pointer The adjustment distance in the direction of inclination, and the subsequent adjustment method is the same as that of the straight-line non-slope tunnel type;

S6: Since the laser pointing device only provides one visible laser line at the site, there are few other effective inspection conditions. In order to facilitate the inspection of the construction personnel when the surveyor and the total station are not on site, it is necessary to check the axis of the laser pointing device. Measure and place two checkpoints on the spot, fix them by welding with long expansion bolts or steel bars, and weld a hook on the surface to hang a vertical line. The position of the vertical line is exactly the direction where the laser pointer passes through. Mark with reflective paint to facilitate construction workers to find;

S7: When setting out the pit face, when the construction personnel have doubts about the laser guidance, they should hang a vertical line to check the correctness of the direction of the laser pointing instrument. If there is any deviation, the surveyor should be notified in time for review, and the surveyor should strengthen the on-site review. Generally, after 3 to 4 excavation cycles, the laser spots are measured on the spot to prevent guiding deviation due to accidents.

The present invention has following beneficial effect:

The bracket device of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, low manufacturing cost, safety and durability, and can be used repeatedly. Using the total station combined with the bracket device can realize the precise and fast adjustment of the laser pointing device, and set up the necessary checkpoints on site to effectively prevent accidental errors. The method can greatly reduce the number of on-site total station measurements and adjustments, save the construction period, greatly improve the speed and engineering quality of tunnel excavation, and has high promotion and use value.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall installation structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the front view of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform of the present invention after the lateral adjustment base is installed.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged front view of the overall installation structure of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front view of the bracket device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a top view of the bracket device of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the left side view of the bracket device of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a front view of the protective cover of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a top view of the protective cover of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a left side view of the protective cover of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the measurement method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1-10, a support device for precisely adjusting a laser pointing instrument, it includes an L-shaped right-angle bracket platform 1, and the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform 1 is fixed on a hole wall 3, and the L-shaped right-angle bracket The horizontal support plate 101 of the platform 1 is processed with two bolt hole chute 4 arranged in parallel, and the horizontal adjustment base 8 is adjustablely installed on the bolt hole chute 4 through the first bolt 6, and the horizontal adjustment base 8 A fixed splint 802 is installed on the fixed splint 802, and a longitudinal adjustment bracket 9 is rotatably installed on the fixed splint 802 through a reinforcement bolt 804. A laser pointer 11 is installed inside the cylindrical sleeve 902 of the longitudinal adjustment bracket 9, and the laser pointer The instrument 11 cooperates with the angle fine-tuning mechanism 12 installed at both ends of the cylindrical sleeve 902 to adjust its angle; the threaded hole chute 4 of the horizontal support plate 101 is adjustable with a protective cover 10 through the second bolt 7; The protective cover 10 is set on the outside of the laser pointing device 11, and the tail of the laser pointing device 11 is connected with a power line 16 of the laser pointing device.

Further, the L-shaped right-angled bracket platform 1 is welded into a right-angled L-shaped structure with steel plate materials, and the two ends of the L-shaped right-angled bracket platform 1 are respectively firmly welded to the iron plate 2 anchored on the cave wall 3 or expanded The bolt is fixedly connected with the iron plate 2.

Preferably, the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform 1 is processed and welded into a right-angle "L" shape by steel plates with a width of 120mm and a thickness of 10mm, and the lengths of the vertical support end and the horizontal support end are processed according to the actual needs of the installation site. Moreover, the length of the bolt hole chute 4 is designed according to the horizontal adjustment range of the laser level. The two chute are equivalent to the bolt holes for fixing, and four bolts are reserved in each chute, including gaskets and fastening nuts, which are convenient for horizontal adjustment. The adjustment base and the protective cover are used together.

Further, the horizontal adjustment base 8 is processed with a bottom plate bolt hole chute 801 matched with the bolt hole chute 4 , and the fixed splint 802 is processed with an arc-shaped threaded hole chute 803 .

Preferably, the bottom plate of the lateral adjustment base 8 is a steel plate of 120mm×120mm×10mm. On the horizontal adjustment base, mark and depict the central axis mark 17 perpendicular to the bolt hole chute, which basically coincides with the horizontal axis of the laser pointer installed behind, to facilitate the precise installation behind.

Further, the longitudinal adjustment bracket 9 includes a support plate 901, a cylindrical sleeve 902 is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate 901, and two threaded holes are processed on the support plate 901, and the two threaded holes are respectively connected with The sliding groove 801 of the bottom plate bolt hole on the horizontal adjustment base 8 and the sliding groove 803 of the arc-shaped threaded hole cooperate to adjust the angle of the support plate 901 .

Preferably, the outer diameter of the laser pointer used for general construction measurement is 30 mm, the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical sleeve 902 is 10 mm larger than the outer diameter of the laser pointer, and the length is also 10 mm larger than the length of the laser pointer.

Further, there are two groups of the angle fine-tuning mechanism 12, and they are installed symmetrically at both ends of the cylindrical sleeve 902, and each group of the angle fine-tuning mechanism 12 includes four adjusting screws 1201, and the adjusting screw rods 1201 are installed through screw threads. On the threaded sleeves 1202, four said threaded sleeves 1202 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the cylindrical sleeve 902, and arranged along the radial direction thereof.

Further, the protective cover 10 adopts an arched cover 1001, and the two sides of the arched cover 1001 are respectively processed with a front laser penetration hole 1003 and a power line outlet 1002; the front laser penetration hole 1003 is a rectangular hole, And cooperate with the laser end of the laser pointing instrument 11; The power line outlet 1002 is used to pass through the laser pointing instrument power line 16; The fixed iron angle lug 1004 cooperates with the bolt hole chute 4 through bolts.

Preferably, the protective cover is cut and welded by 5mm thick cast iron pipe and iron plate, the cross section of the protective cover is in the shape of a city gate, four fixed iron angle lugs 1004 are welded around the periphery, and bolt holes are opened to connect with the bracket platform chute The movable bolts inside are used together, and a 20mm through hole is opened on the front, which is convenient for the laser to penetrate and project outwards. There is an outlet for the power cord on the back, and the surface of the protective cover is painted with reflective paint to remind other personnel to pay attention to protection.

Further, the top of the vertical support plate 102 of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform 1 is processed with a fixed threaded hole 103, and the fixed threaded hole 103 is connected with the iron plate 2 on the cave wall by bolts.

Further, rubber protective rings 14 are built in both ends of the cylindrical sleeve 902, and the rubber protective ring 14 fits with the outer wall of the laser pointer 11, and a plugging bottom is installed on one end of the cylindrical sleeve 902 through thread fitting. Cover 15, the plugging bottom cover 15 is processed with a laser pointing instrument power line 16 outlet.

Further, a tube level 13 is installed on the top of the cylindrical sleeve 902 .

As shown in Figure 11, the method for measuring with a bracket device comprises the following steps:

S1: First, use the total station 19 with prism-free function to roughly measure the buried position of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform 1 using the cavern coordinate system (X, Y, H), and determine the installation position of the laser pointer 11. According to The laser pointing device 11 required on site can be installed on the axis or at a certain distance from the axis or at the waistline attachment. After the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform 1 is installed firmly and stably, the laser is accurately set out on the horizontal support plate 101 of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform 1. The installation axis of the pointing instrument shall be marked with paint or a marker pen;

Among them, X represents the shaft number of the axis, Y represents the distance from the central axis, and H represents the elevation;

S2: Adjust the horizontal adjustment base 8, align the central axis mark 17 marked on the horizontal adjustment base 8 with the installation axis 18 marked on the horizontal support plate 101, fix the first bolts 6 at the four corners of the horizontal adjustment base 8, and install The longitudinal adjustment bracket 9 and the adjustment base 8 of the laser pointing instrument 11 are fixed, and the tube level 13 is used on site to roughly place the laser pointing instrument flat;

S3: Connect the power supply to the laser pointing device, turn on the laser pointing device, the on-site installation personnel use a white PVC baffle as the first laser receiving target 20 near the laser pointing device, and the laser target point is clearly visible. At this time, use a total station 19 The prism-free ranging function accurately illuminates the center of the first laser receiving target 20, and measures the coordinates of the laser pointing device (X1, Y1, H1); remove the target, and set up a second laser receiving device at a distance of 50-100 meters from the laser pointing device. Target 21, the three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, H2) of the measured laser point; if the laser pointing device is close to the construction face, the laser spot projected by the laser pointing device can be clearly seen, and the total station can be used to directly measure the center of the laser spot. Measure its three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, H2); if it is a straight-line tunnel with no slope, it is required that the Y and H values are equal within the error range, and the laser pointing device is considered to be guided correctly; otherwise, it must be based on the coordinate difference between the two points Values △Y (△Y=Y2-Y1) and △H (△H=H2-H1) for direction and amplitude adjustment, if the difference is small, only four adjustments at the front end of the micro-movement cylindrical sleeve (902) are required Screw 1201, by adjusting the left and right two adjustment screws 1201, make △Y approach 0, adjust the upper and lower two adjustment screws 1201, make △H approach 0; Four small bolts, the method is the same, and then fixed after precise adjustment; after covering the protective cover 10, and then use the total station to measure accurately once to meet the requirements; the final measured three-dimensional coordinates on the target or the face 22 ( X2, Y2, H2) are the guiding coordinates of the laser pointing instrument, which are compared with the design section parameters. Through calculation, lofting and calibration can be carried out on the face of the tunnel. The difference between the design vault elevation and H2 is the distance from the laser point to the vault. Design sideline length-Y2 is the distance from the laser point to the sideline, and the stakeout is encrypted in turn;

S4: If the difference is large and the target cannot be reached through the angle fine-tuning mechanism 12, it is necessary to loosen the bolts of the horizontal adjustment base 8 and the longitudinal adjustment bracket 9, perform rough adjustment first, tighten the bolts to a semi-fixed state, and measure the laser with a total station After the spot coordinates are compared, if the deviation is small, it is fixed, and then the method of step S3 is used for precise adjustment;

S5: If it is a straight tunnel or inclined shaft with a slope, it needs to be based on the difference between the two points (△X=X2-X1, that is, the pile number difference) and the design slope as P% (with positive and negative signs), Calculate the design elevation H'=H1+△X×P% of the pile number of the excavation face, and then compare it with the measured elevation H2. The difference △H (△H=H2-H') is the angle of the laser pointer The adjustment distance in the direction of inclination, and the subsequent adjustment method is the same as that of the straight-line non-slope tunnel type;

S6: Since the laser pointing device only provides one visible laser line at the site, there are few other effective inspection conditions. In order to facilitate the inspection of the construction personnel when the surveyor and the total station are not on site, it is necessary to check the axis of the laser pointing device. Measure and place two checkpoints on the spot, fix them by welding with long expansion bolts or steel bars, and weld a hook on the surface to hang a vertical line. The position of the vertical line is exactly the direction where the laser pointer passes through. Mark with reflective paint to facilitate construction workers to find;

S7: When setting out the pit face, when the construction personnel have doubts about the laser guidance, they should hang a vertical line to check the correctness of the direction of the laser pointing instrument. If there is any deviation, the surveyor should be notified in time for review, and the surveyor should strengthen the on-site review. Generally, after 3 to 4 excavation cycles, the laser spots are measured on the spot to prevent guiding deviation due to accidents.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solution described in the claims, including the equivalent of technical features in the technical solutions described in the claims. The alternative is the scope of protection. That is, equivalent replacement and improvement within this range are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A bracket device for precisely adjusting a laser pointing instrument, characterized in that it includes an L-shaped right-angle bracket platform (1), and the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform (1) is fixed on the cave wall (3). The horizontal support plate (101) of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform (1) is processed with two parallel bolt hole chute (4), and the first bolt (6) is passed through the bolt hole chute (4). The adjustable horizontal adjustment base (8) is installed on the horizontal adjustment base (8) with a fixed splint (802), and the fixed splint (802) is rotatably installed with a longitudinal adjustment through a reinforcement bolt (804). Bracket (9), the cylindrical sleeve (902) of the longitudinal adjustment bracket (9) is equipped with a laser pointer (11), and the angle between the laser pointer (11) and the two ends of the cylindrical sleeve (902) is The fine-tuning mechanism (12) cooperates to adjust its angle; the bolt hole chute (4) of the horizontal support plate (101) is adjustablely installed with a protective cover (10) through the second bolt (7); the protective cover (10) Set on the outside of the laser pointing device (11), the tail of the laser pointing device (11) is connected with the laser pointing device power line (16); The longitudinal adjustment bracket (9) includes a support plate (901), a cylindrical sleeve (902) is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate (901), and two threaded holes are processed on the support plate (901). Each of the threaded holes cooperates with the corresponding threaded holes of the reinforcement bolts (804) on the horizontal adjustment base (8) and the arc-shaped threaded hole chute (803) to adjust the angle of the support plate (901); There are two groups of the angle fine-tuning mechanism (12), which are installed symmetrically on both ends of the cylindrical sleeve (902). Each set of the angle fine-tuning mechanism (12) includes four adjusting screws (1201), and the adjusting screw rods (1201) is mounted on the threaded sleeve (1202) through screw fit, and the four threaded sleeves (1202) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the cylindrical sleeve (902) and arranged along the radial direction thereof. 2. A support device for accurately adjusting a laser pointing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform (1) is welded into a right-angle L-shaped structure with steel plate materials, and the L-shaped right-angle bracket Both ends of the platform (1) are respectively firmly welded to the iron plate (2) anchored on the cave wall (3) or are fixedly connected to the iron plate (2) with expansion bolts. 3. A support device for accurately adjusting a laser pointing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal adjustment base (8) is processed with a bottom plate bolt hole chute matching with the bolt hole chute (4) (801), the fixed splint (802) is processed with an arc-shaped threaded hole chute (803). 4. A support device for precisely adjusting a laser pointing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the protective cover (10) adopts an arched cover (1001), and the two sides of the arched cover (1001) are respectively Processed with a front laser penetration hole (1003) and a power cord outlet (1002); the front laser penetration hole (1003) is a rectangular hole, and matches with the laser end of the laser pointer (11); the power cord The outlet (1002) is used to pass through the power cord (16) of the laser pointing instrument; the bottom of the other two sides of the arched cover (1001) is provided with fixed iron horns (1004), and the fixed iron horns (1004) Cooperate with the bolt hole chute (4) through the bolt. 5. A bracket device for precisely adjusting a laser pointing instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: the top of the vertical support plate (102) of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform (1) is processed with a fixed threaded hole ( 103), the fixed threaded hole (103) is fixedly connected with the iron plate (2) on the cave wall through bolts. 6. A support device for precisely adjusting a laser pointing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: rubber protection rings (14) are built in both ends of the cylindrical sleeve (902), and the rubber protection rings (14) Fitted with the outer wall of the laser pointer (11), a plugging bottom cover (15) is installed on one end of the cylindrical sleeve (902) through thread fitting, and a laser pointer is processed on the plugging bottom cover (15) Power cord (16) outlet. 7. A support device for precisely adjusting a laser pointing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: a tube level (13) is installed on the top of the cylindrical sleeve (902). 8. adopt the measuring method of any one described support device of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps: S1: First, use the total station (19) with prism-free function to roughly measure the buried position of the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform (1) using the cavern coordinate system (X, Y, H), and determine the laser pointer (11) ), the laser pointing device (11) can be installed on the axis or at a certain distance from the axis or near the waistline according to the needs of the site. After the L-shaped right-angle bracket platform (1) is installed firmly and stably, (1) Precisely lay out the installation axis of the laser pointing instrument on the horizontal support plate (101) and mark it with paint or a marker pen; Among them, X represents the shaft number of the axis, Y represents the distance from the central axis, and H represents the elevation; S2: Adjust the horizontal adjustment base (8), align the central axis mark (17) marked on the horizontal adjustment base (8) with the installation axis (18) marked on the horizontal support plate (101), and fix the horizontal adjustment base (8 ) with the first bolts (6) at the four corners to fix the vertical adjustment bracket (9) with the laser pointer (11) and the horizontal adjustment base (8). leveling; S3: Connect the power supply to the laser pointing device and turn on the laser pointing device. The on-site installation personnel use a white PVC baffle as the first laser receiving target (20) near the laser pointing device. The laser target point is clearly visible. At this time, use the total station The prism-free ranging function of the instrument (19) accurately illuminates the center of the first laser receiving target (20), and measures the coordinates (X1, Y1, H1) of the laser pointing device; remove the target, and the distance is around 50 to 100 meters from the laser pointing device Then set up the second laser receiving target (21), and measure the three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, H2) of the laser point; The station instrument directly measures the center of the laser spot, and measures its three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, H2); if it is a straight-line tunnel with no slope, it is required that the Y and H values are equal within the error range, and the laser pointing device is considered to be oriented correctly. Otherwise, adjust the direction and amplitude according to the coordinate difference △Y of the two points, △Y=Y2-Y1 and △H, △H=H2-H1. If the difference is small, only the micro-movement cylindrical sleeve (902 ) on the front end of the four adjusting screws (1201), adjust the two adjusting screws (1201) on the left and right to make △Y approach to 0, and adjust the two adjusting screws (1201) on the upper and lower sides to make △H approach to 0; If the adjustment is qualified, it is necessary to fine-tune the four small bolts at the rear end of the cylindrical sleeve (902). Yes; the final measured three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, H2) on the target or the tunnel surface (22), that is, the guiding coordinates of the laser pointing device, are compared with the design section parameters, and can be set out and calibrated on the tunnel surface through calculation. The difference between the design vault elevation and H2 is the distance from the laser point to the vault, the design sideline length - Y2 is the distance from the laser point to the sideline, and the stakeout is encrypted in turn; S4: If the difference is large and the target cannot be reached through the angle fine-tuning mechanism (12), it is necessary to loosen the bolts of the horizontal adjustment base (8) and the longitudinal adjustment bracket (9), first perform rough adjustment, and tighten the bolts to a semi-fixed state, Use the total station to measure the laser spot coordinates and compare them. If the deviation is small, fix it, and then use the method of step S3 to adjust it accurately; S5: If it is a straight tunnel or inclined shaft with a slope, it is necessary to calculate the excavation face pile according to the difference between the two points: △X=X2-X1, that is, the difference between the pile number and the design slope is P%. The design elevation H'=H1+△X×P% of the number, and then compared with the measured elevation H2, the difference △H, △H=H2-H' is the distance adjusted by the laser pointing instrument in the direction of angle inclination, and then The adjustment method is the same as that of the straight tunnel type without slope; S6: Since the laser pointing device only provides one visible laser line at the site, there are few other effective inspection conditions. In order to facilitate the inspection of the construction personnel when the surveyor and the total station are not on site, it is necessary to check the axis of the laser pointing device. Measure and place two checkpoints on the spot, fix them by welding with long expansion bolts or steel bars, and weld a hook on the surface to hang a vertical line. The position of the vertical line is exactly the direction where the laser pointer passes through. Mark with reflective paint to facilitate construction workers to find; S7: When setting out the pit face, when the construction personnel have doubts about the laser guidance, they should hang a vertical line to check the correctness of the direction of the laser pointing instrument. If there is any deviation, the surveyor should be notified in time for review, and the surveyor should strengthen the on-site review. Generally, after 3 to 4 excavation cycles, the laser spots are measured on the spot to prevent guiding deviation due to accidents.

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