CN107044703A - 高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组 - Google Patents
高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107044703A CN107044703A CN201710379750.8A CN201710379750A CN107044703A CN 107044703 A CN107044703 A CN 107044703A CN 201710379750 A CN201710379750 A CN 201710379750A CN 107044703 A CN107044703 A CN 107044703A
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- air
- cooling
- precondenser
- pipeline
- water
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- Pending
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound 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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound 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[Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound 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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0035—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using evaporation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/08—Splashing boards or grids, e.g. for converting liquid sprays into liquid films; Elements or beds for increasing the area of the contact surface
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F2025/005—Liquid collection; Liquid treatment; Liquid recirculation; Addition of make-up liquid
Abstract
本发明涉及一种高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组，包括用于流入室外高温干燥空气的进风口，进风口设置于机组的一端；于进风口的一侧、在机组内按序设置用于过滤杂质的初效过滤器、用于循环制冷剂蒸汽的热泵制冷系统、用于对空气实现二级冷却的两级蒸发冷却系统、用于过滤空气内未蒸发水滴的挡水板、用于送风的送风机及用于将处理空气流出的送风口，送风口设置于机组的另一端。本发明在热泵制冷系统中预冷凝器利用低温的二次空气来实现对间接蒸发冷却器剩余冷量的回收利用，通过预冷凝器承担了一部分冷凝热，从而减轻了U型风冷冷凝器的负担，使热泵制冷系统的能效比大大提高。
Description
高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及空气处理设备领域，尤其涉及高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组。
背景技术
[0002] 蒸发冷却空气处理机组，是利用干空气能为动力，利用空气的干球温度和湿球温 度差为驱动势进行制冷的空气处理设备。在我国的空气干燥地区的舒适性空调、工业通风 降温设备方面，已经得到了广泛的应用。在工业生产领域，对那些发热量较大的车间、站房 进行冷却降温，收到很好的节能效果。
[0003] 但是上述空气处理设备的缺点也非常明显，其具体缺点如下：
[0004] 1、蒸发冷却空气处理机组是依靠外界高温干燥空气来实现制冷，若室外的气象参 数变化无常，则空气处理机组的冷量输出稳定性随着室外气象参数的变化而变化；
[0005] 2、蒸发冷却空气处理机组是干燥高温空气和水之间进行热质交换实现制冷，制冷 参数调节手段有限，调节效果比较差，使得蒸发冷却空气处理机组的应用范围受到限制。
[0006] 3、间接蒸发冷却的二次排风温度仍然低于室外环境的干球温度，若排出会造成浪 费。
发明内容
[0007] 本申请人针对上述现有问题，进行了研究改进，提供一种高效复合蒸发冷却空气 处理机组，其能实现将蒸发冷却技术和热泵技术耦合，不仅可以克服室外空气湿度变化对 制冷效果的衰减补充，还能实现制冷温度的精确控制。
[0008] 本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
[0009] 一种高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组，包括用于流入室外高温干燥空气的进风 口，所述进风口设置于机组的一端;于所述进风口的一侧、在所述机组内按序设置用于过滤 杂质的初效过滤器、用于循环制冷剂蒸汽的热泵制冷系统、用于对空气实现二级冷却的两 级蒸发冷却系统、用于过滤空气内未蒸发水滴的挡水板、用于送风的送风机及用于将处理 空气流出的送风口，所述送风口设置于机组的另一端。
[0010] 所述压缩机设置于机组内部，所述压缩机的出口端通过管路连接预冷凝器的进 口，所述预冷凝器的出口通过管路连接U型风冷冷凝器的进口，所述U型风冷冷凝器的出口 通过管路与蒸发器的进口端连接，所述蒸发器的出口端通过管路与所述压缩机的进口端连 通，所述压缩机、预冷凝器、U型风冷冷凝器、蒸发器连接形成循环回路；
[0011] 所述两级蒸发冷却系统的具体结构如下：
[0012] 包括间接蒸发冷却器及直接蒸发冷却器，所述间接蒸发冷却器的内部由金属坚壁 分隔形成若干用于一次空气流通的干通道及用于二次空气流通的湿通道;于所述间接蒸发 冷却器的的顶部还设置用于向湿通道内提供循环水的间接蒸发冷却淋水器，所述间接蒸发 冷却淋水器通过管路按序与间接蒸发冷却循环泵、第一循环水箱连通形成循环回路;在所 述直接蒸发冷却器上设置直接蒸发冷却布水装置，所述直接蒸发冷却布水装置通过管路按 序与直接蒸发冷却循环栗、第二循环水箱连接形成循环回路，于所述直接蒸友冷却器的R 部还设置冷却填料。
[0013] 其进一步技术方案在于： _
[0014] 在所述热栗制冷系统中、于所述U型风冷冷凝器的顶部还设置用于使环境空气冷 却的外转子轴流风机；
[0015] 所述预冷凝器设置于间接蒸发冷却器的顶部，于所述预冷凝器的顶部还设置用于 将二次空气排出的二次风机；
[0016] 于所述U型风冷冷凝器与蒸发器连接的管路上还设置节流阀；
[0017] 各干通道与湿通道互为相邻布置；
[0018] 所述热栗制冷系统的蒸发器设置于间接蒸发冷却器的后部；
[0019] 于所述间接蒸发冷却器上分别设置二次进风口及二次出风口，所述二次进风口位 于机组两侧;于所述二次进风口还分别设置百叶窗及尼龙滤网；
[0020] 所述预冷凝器采用铜管套不锈钢翅片结构，所述U型风冷冷凝器采用铜管套铝翅 片结构；
[0021] 于所述机组内、在所述蒸发器的出口处还设置用于收集凝结水的集水盘，所述集 水盘通过管路与第二循环水箱连通；
[0022] 于所述直接蒸发冷却器内还设置冷却填料，所述填料由多组呈倾斜布置的波纹型 板片叠装，各波纹型板片采用铝合金、不锈钢、木浆纸或无机烧结材料中的任意一种材料制 成。
[0023] 本发明的有益效果如下：
[0024] 本发明结构简单、使用方便，在热泵制冷系统中预冷凝器利用低温的二次空气来 实现对间接蒸发冷却器剩余冷量的回收利用，通过预冷凝器承担了一部分冷凝热，从而减 轻了 U型风冷冷凝器的负担，使热泵制冷系统的能效比大大提高。热泵制冷系统的蒸发器设 置于间接蒸发冷却器的后部，其可以克服由于室外空气干湿度变化对制冷效果的衰减补 充，同时又能实现制冷温度的精确控制。在本发明中利用两级蒸发冷却系统与热泵制冷系 统相耦合，大大提高了两级蒸发冷却系统对空气进行冷却的精度和效果，在室外空气干燥 地区、中湿度地区有广阔的应用价值，适用于全空气中央空调、半集中式中央空调的新风处 理、大发热量的生产车间、站房、通讯机房空调通风场合。
附图说明
[0025] 图1为本发明的主视图。
[0026] 图2为图1的侧视图。
[0027] 图3为图1的俯视图。
[0028] 其中：1、进风口； 2、初效过滤器;3、间接蒸发冷却器;4、预冷凝器;5、二次风机;6、 蒸发器;7、直接蒸发冷却器;8、直接蒸发冷却布水装置;9、挡水板;10、送风机；11、送风口； 12、直接蒸发冷却循环泵；13、间接蒸发冷却循环栗;14、压缩机；15、节流阀；16、间接蒸发冷 却淋水器;17、外转子轴流风机;18、U型风冷冷凝器。
具体实施方式
[0029] 下面说明本发明的具体实施方式。
[0030] 如图1、图2及图3所示，高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组包括用于流入室外高温干 燥空气的进风口 1，进风口 1设置于机组的一端；于进风口1的一侧、在机组内按序设置用于 过滤杂质的初效过滤器2、用于循环制冷剂蒸汽的热栗制冷系统、用于对空气实现二级冷却 的两级蒸发冷却系统、用于过滤空气内未蒸发水滴的挡水板9、用于送风的送风机10及用于 将处理空气流出的送风口 11，送风口 11设置于机组的另一端。
[0031] 如图1所示，上述热泵制冷系统包括用于将制冷剂蒸汽转换成高压高温制冷剂蒸 汽的压缩机14，压缩机14设置于机组内部，压缩机14的出口端通过管路连接预冷凝器4的进 口，预冷凝器4的出口通过管路连接u型风冷冷凝器18的进口，U型风冷冷凝器18的出口通过 管路与蒸发器6的进口端连接，蒸发器6的出口端通过管路与压缩机14的进口端连通，压缩 机14、预冷凝器4、U型风冷冷凝器18、蒸发器6连接形成循环回路。在热栗制冷系统中、于U型 风冷冷凝器18的顶部还设置用于使环境空气冷却的外转子轴流风机17。上述预冷凝器4设 置于间接蒸发冷却器3的顶部，于预冷凝器4的顶部还设置用于将二次空气排出的二次风机 5。在间接蒸发冷却器3上分别设置二次进风口及二次出风口，二次进风口设置于机组两侧， 上述预冷凝器4设置于间接蒸发冷却器3的二次出风口处，在二次进风口上分别设置固定式 百叶窗及尼龙滤网。在上述11型风冷冷凝器18与蒸发器6连接的管路上还设置节流阀15。
[0032] 上述两级蒸发冷却系统的具体结构如下：
[0033] 包括间接蒸发冷却器3及直接蒸发冷却器7,间接蒸发冷却器3的内部由金属坚壁 分隔形成若干用于一次空气'流通的干通道及用于二次空气流通的湿通道，各干通道与湿通 道互为相邻布置。于间接蒸发冷却器3的的顶部还设置用于向湿通道内提供循环水的间接 蒸发冷却淋水器I6,间接蒸发冷却淋水器16通过管路按序与间接蒸发冷却循环泵13、第一 fi环水箱连通形成循环回路。在直接蒸发冷却器7上设置直接蒸发冷却布水装置8，直接蒸 发冷却布水装置8通过管路按序与直接蒸发冷却循环栗12、第二循环水箱连接形成循环回 路，于直接蒸发冷却器7的内部还设置冷却填料，冷却填料由多组呈倾斜布置的波纹型板片 叠装，各波纹型板片采用招合金、不锈钢、木楽纸或无机烧结材料中的任意一种材料制成。
[0034] 于所述机组内、在所述蒸发器6的出口处还设置用于收集凝结水的集水盘，集水盘 通过管路与第二循环水箱连通。
[0035] 本发明的具体工作过程如下：
[0036] 室外高温干燥空气从进风口 1进入机组，室外高温赶早空气干球温度34°C，湿球温 度18。(：，然后进入初效过滤器2过滤掉可导入性杂质形成洁净空气，洁净空气经过初效过滤 器2后分别进入间接蒸发冷却器3的各干通道与湿通道内（洁净空气进入干通道内的空气称 为一次空气，洁净空气进入湿通道内的空气称为二次空气）。在上述洁净空气进入各干通道 与湿通道之前，由间接蒸发冷却循环栗13提升第一循环水箱内的水，然后通过管路流入间 接蒸发冷却淋水器16并向间接蒸发冷却器3的湿通道内喷淋循环水。由于湿通道内具有循 环水，因此二次空气进入湿通道内与循环水接触并产生热质交换（该过程中二次空气的温 度高于循环水的温度），在热质交换过程中循环水温度降低、二次空气温度降低、间接蒸发 冷却器3内金属坚壁的表面温度也降低。由于上述金属坚壁的表面温度降低，因此在干通道 内一次空气与低温的金属坚壁接触产生对流换热(在该过程中一次空气的温度高于金属坚 壁的温度），从而实现了一次空气的半球温度下降。
[0037] 在上述一次空气、二次空气进行1对'流换热的同时在热泵制冷系统中，压缩机14将 制冷剂蒸汽变为高压高温的制冷剂蒸'汽，然后制冷剂蒸汽进入预冷凝器4,同时上述被换热 后的二次空气也进入预冷凝器4,在预冷凝器4中利用二次空气的彳氐温来实现冷量的回收 从而实现制冷剂蒸汽的初步冷却。经过初步冷却的制冷剂蒸汽温度被降低后进入U型风冷 冷凝器18,同时上述被回收冷量后的二次空气经过二次风机5排出至大气。由于上述U型风 冷冷凝器18的顶部设置外转子轴流风机丨7,利用上述外转子轴流风机17使环境空气冷却U 型风冷冷凝器18,使制冷剂蒸汽被冷凝成高压常温的制冷剂液体，高压常温的制冷剂液体 通过节流阀15被节流成低压低温的制冷剂液体，低温低压的制冷剂液体通过管路进入蒸发 器6内，同时上述经过换热的一次空气也进入的蒸发器6内，一次空气与低温低压的制冷剂 液体进行热交换后形成低温低压的制冷剂蒸汽及低温的空气，上述低温低压的制冷剂蒸汽 再次进入压缩机14被压缩成高温高压的制冷剂蒸汽，从而实现制冷剂的循环工作。
[0038] 同时上述低温的空气从蒸发器6被冷却后进入直接蒸发冷却器7,在该过程中由第 二循环水箱向直接蒸发冷却循环泵12内提供循环水，由直接蒸发冷却循环泵12通过管路、 直接蒸发冷却布水装置8向直接蒸发冷却器7内供入循环水，在直接蒸发冷却器7内低温空 气及循环水在冷却填料上进行热质交换，使低温空气再一次被冷却加湿，从而形成达到送 风状态的空气，最后通过送风机10与送风口 11被送入所需系统，经多级冷却后达到送风状 态的空气干球温度15 °C，湿球温度14°C。
[0039] 以上描述是对本发明的解释，不是对发明的限定，本发明所限定的范围参见权利 要求，在不违背本发明的基本结构的情况下，本发明可以作任何形式的修改。
Claims (10)
1. 高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组，其特征在于:包括用于流入室外高温干燥空气的 进风口（1)，所述进风口（1)设置于机组的一端;于所述进风口的一侧、在所述机组内按序设 置用于过滤杂质的初效过滤器(2)、用于循环制冷剂蒸汽的热泵制冷系统、用于对空气实现 二级冷却的两级蒸发冷却系统、用于过滤空气内未蒸发水滴的挡水板(9)、用于送风的送风 机(10)及用于将处理空气流出的送风口（11)，所述送风口（11)设置于机组的另一端。 所述热泵制冷系统的具体结构如下： 包括用于将制冷剂蒸汽转换成高压高温制冷剂蒸汽的压缩机(14)，所述压缩机(14)设 置于机组内部，所述压缩机(14)的出口端通过管路连接预冷凝器⑷的进口，所述预冷凝器 (4)的出口通过管路连接U型风冷冷凝器(18)的进口，所述U型风冷冷凝器（1S)的出口通过 管路与蒸发器⑹的进口端连接，所述蒸发器(6)的出口端通过管路与所述压缩机(14)的进 口端连通，所述压缩机(14)、预冷凝器(4)、U型风冷冷凝器(18)、蒸发器连接形成循环回 路； 所述两级蒸发冷却系统的具体结构如下： 包括间接蒸发冷却器(3)及直接蒸发冷却器(7)，所述间接蒸发冷却器(3)的内部由金 属坚壁分隔形成若干用于一次空气流通的干通道及用于二次空气流通的湿通道;于所述间 接蒸发冷却器（3)的的顶部还设置用于向湿通道内提供循环水的间接蒸发冷却淋水器 (16) ，所述间接蒸发冷却淋水器（16)通过管路按序与间接蒸发冷却循环栗（13)、第一循环 水箱连通形成循环回路;在所述直接蒸发冷却器(7)上设置直接蒸发冷却布水装置(8)，所 述直接蒸发冷却布水装置(8)通过管路按序与直接蒸发冷却循环泵（12)、弟一循环水箱连 接形成循环回路，于所述直接蒸发冷却器(7)的内部还设置冷却填料。
2. 如权利要求1所述的高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组，其特征在于:在所述热栗制冷 系统中、于所述U型风冷冷凝器（18)的顶部还设置用于使环境空气冷却的外转子轴流风机 (17) 。
3. 如权利要求1所述的高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组，其特征在于：所述预冷凝器 (4)设置于间接蒸发冷却器(3)的顶部，于所述预冷凝器(4)的顶部还设置用于将一次空气 排出的二次风机(5)。
4. 如权利要求1所述的高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组，其特征在于：于所述U型风冷 冷凝器(18)与蒸发器⑹连接的管路上还设置节流阀（15)。
5.如权利要求1所述的高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组，其特征在于:各干通道与湿通 道互为相邻布置。
6.如权利要求1所述的高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组，其特征在于:所述热泵制冷系 统的蒸发器⑹设置于间接蒸发冷却器*^3)的后部。 7如权利要求1所述的高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组，其特征在于:于所述间接蒸^ 冷却器⑶上分别设置二次进风口及二次出风口，所述二次进风口位于机组两侧;于所述二 次进风口还分别设置百叶窗及尼龙滤网。 8如权利要求1所細纖复合織冷赃气处賴^组，其特赃于:臟预冷凝器 (4)采用铜管套不锈钢翅片结构，所述U型风冷冷凝器(18)采用铜管套铝翅片结构。
9.如权利要和所述的高效复*蒸发冷却空气*理机纟i，其丨•彳_于:于力?机^?」 在臟雛器⑹M⑽还设置用于麟雜細集水盘，臟集減舰官路与弟一 循环水箱连通。 立嗜
10.如权利要求1所述的高效复合蒸发冷却空气处理机组，其特征在于:于所述直按热 还组呈倾斜f難波纹型板片叠装，各波纹型 、木衆/氏或无机烧材料中的任意一种材料制成。
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