CN107042025B - Dirt and sand removing machine - Google Patents
Dirt and sand removing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107042025B CN107042025B CN201611259595.8A CN201611259595A CN107042025B CN 107042025 B CN107042025 B CN 107042025B CN 201611259595 A CN201611259595 A CN 201611259595A CN 107042025 B CN107042025 B CN 107042025B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
- B01D21/267—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force by using a cyclone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/24—Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
- B01D21/245—Discharge mechanisms for the sediments
- B01D21/2466—Mammoth pumps, e.g. air lift pumps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dirt and sand removing machine, which comprises a rotational flow grit chamber and a grid tank; the bottom of the cyclone sand basin is provided with a central sand hopper, an expanded sand tank, a slag separation orifice plate, an aeration sand washing device, a sand filter tank and a filtered water tank; the sand filter tank is arranged above the filtered water tank, a filter screen is arranged in the sand filter tank, and the sand filter tank is communicated with the filtered water tank; a water lifting device is arranged in the filtered water tank, and comprises a water lifting pipe, and a water lifting air pipe is attached to the outer wall of the water lifting pipe; a cylindrical water tank is arranged at the top of the water lifting pipe; the center device of the grit chamber is provided with a washing sand extracting device which comprises a center sand extracting pipe, a sand leaking groove and a large cylinder with an opening at the upper end; the large cylinder is connected with the cylinder water tank; a sand extracting air pipe is attached to the outer wall of the central sand extracting pipe; the sand leakage groove is arranged at the bottom of the large cylinder and is communicated with the large cylinder; the top of the cyclone grit chamber is also provided with a sand-water separator. The invention provides a dirt and sand removing machine which is more reasonable in structure, better in dirt and slag removing effect and lower in energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dirt and sand removing machine, in particular to mechanical equipment which has daily treatment capacity of not less than 5000-10000, is arranged on a water outlet pipeline of a coarse grating rear lift pump, removes sand, finely filters and removes dirt by one step in a small gap, and discharges sand and slag by channels. The device is mainly used for sand removal, sewage blocking and sewage removal equipment in water supply and drainage pump stations, urban domestic sewage treatment plants, water supply plants and industrial wastewater pretreatment stages. The method is particularly suitable for pretreatment occasions with more sand behind coarse grids, is more suitable for pretreatment occasions at the front stage of a membrane treatment process, and is also suitable for occasions with no increase of civil engineering for expansion capacity of sewage treatment plants.
Background
At present, the known pretreatment procedure and equipment for water lifting by a coarse grid rear pump: the water discharged by a lift pump enters a concrete buffering water distribution tank at a water outlet at the upper end of the pump, then enters a concrete fine grid tank, is subjected to dirt blocking and cleaning by a grid, and then enters a rotational flow grit chamber through a longer concrete channel for sand removal by a rotational flow sand settling and removing system, sand removal equipment (comprising an air blower, a rotational flow sand settling mixer, a gas and sand pipeline) or horizontal flow sand settling tank sand lifting equipment (a sand suction pump, a travelling sand suction machine and a sand discharge pipeline) is completed, and sand-water separation is completed by an electric sand-water separator; gates are arranged at the front and the rear of the grating tank and the grit chamber and are used for equipment maintenance; the fine grilles with small grilles are generally arranged behind the fine grilles, and a cleaning water pipeline and a pressure water pump are required to complete the cleaning of the grilles.
Although some small combined mechanical equipment without concrete ditches appears in recent years, the daily treatment capacity of the small equipment is generally below 3000 degrees due to the consideration of the external dimension and the transportation cost, and although the small equipment is assembled combined equipment with larger treatment capacity, the small equipment has the problems of large external dimension, high manufacturing cost and high transportation cost. And all the water inflow firstly enters the fine grid and then is connected with the grit chamber.
The existing equipment and process for cleaning and removing sand by pumping water out of the coarse grating has the following defects:
the sewage blocking and cleaning are finished by a grid, the sand removal is finished by rotational flow grit chamber equipment (comprising an air blower, a rotational flow grit stirrer, a gas and sand pipeline) or horizontal flow grit chamber sand lifting equipment (a sand suction pump, a traveling type sand suction machine and a sand discharge pipeline), and the sand-water separation is finished by sand-water separation equipment;
a steady flow channel is arranged between the grating tank and the grit chamber, and a gate is arranged at the front and the back of the grid tank and the grit chamber for equipment maintenance;
the outlet of the lift pump is provided with a buffer steady flow channel;
the grid gaps are all over 3 mm, and slag with the size of 1mm or below cannot be intercepted;
the grating is in front and after sand removal, and the sand abrades the grating filtering part, the sliding sealing surface and the underwater transmission component;
the single-machine daily treatment capacity of the integrated mechanical equipment for realizing the separation of slag and sand and facilitating the transportation is below 3000;
the content of the organic substances in the produced sand is high, and the sand contains slag;
the water content of the discharged slag is high;
the front and back liquid level difference of the large-flow fine filtering grid is large, the flow velocity of the passing grid is large, the force of extruding a grid seam by slag is large, and the cleaning difficulty is large;
when the grid is seriously blocked, the hydraulic load of the grid component is large, and the manufacturing cost of the grid is high;
the whole pretreatment process occupies a large area in occasions with large treatment capacity, and a pool body needs to be built;
the cost of the control object is high.
The equipment is more, the energy consumption is large, and the maintenance and operation cost is high;
when a large-flow small-gap grid is configured, a pressure cleaning water pump, a water pipe and accessories need to be configured;
the cyclone grit chamber has larger height and size, and the circumference is in and out, so the volume utilization rate of the chamber body is low;
in order to ensure that the steady flow enters and exits the grit chamber at low speed, a large and long inlet and outlet pipeline needs to be configured;
because the depth of the grit chamber is large and the energy consumption of air flow sand extraction is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dirt and sand removing machine which is more reasonable in structure, better in dirt and slag removing effect and lower in energy consumption.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a dirt and sand removing machine comprises a rotational flow grit chamber and a grid chamber integrally arranged at the tail end of the rotational flow grit chamber; a water inlet pipe is tangentially arranged in the middle of the water inlet end of the rotational flow grit chamber, a flow guide baffle is arranged at the upper part of the rotational flow grit chamber, and an overflow port connected with the water inlet of the grid chamber is arranged at the tail end of the rotational flow grit chamber above the flow guide baffle; a central sand hopper is arranged at the bottom of the rotational flow grit chamber, and an expanded sand groove communicated with the central sand hopper is sleeved on the outer ring of the central sand hopper; a slag separation pore plate is arranged at the upper end of the central sand hopper, and an aeration sand washing device is arranged below the slag separation pore plate; the bottom of the rotational flow grit chamber is also provided with a sand filter tank and a filtered water tank which are arranged around the outer ring of the expanded sand tank, and the expanded sand tank and the sand filter tank are arranged below the central sand hopper landslide; the sand filter tank is arranged above the filtered water tank, an upper layer of filter screen and a lower layer of filter screen are arranged in the sand filter tank, and the sand filter tank is communicated with the filtered water tank through the lower layer of filter screen; a water lifting device is arranged in the filtered water tank and comprises a water lifting pipe, the upper end of the water lifting pipe extends out of the rotational flow grit chamber, the lower end of the water lifting pipe is inserted into the filtered water tank, and a water lifting air pipe is attached to the outer wall of the water lifting pipe; the top of the water lifting pipe is provided with a cylindrical water tank with an opening at the upper end; the center device of the grit chamber is provided with a washing sand extracting device which comprises a center sand extracting pipe, a sand leaking groove and a large cylinder with an opening at the upper end; the water inlet of the large cylinder is connected with the water outlet of the cylinder water tank; the upper end of the central sand lifting pipe extends out of the rotational flow grit chamber and is inserted into the large cylinder through the sand leakage groove, the lower end of the central sand lifting pipe is inserted into the bottom of the central sand hopper, and a sand lifting air pipe is attached to the outer wall of the central sand lifting pipe; the sand leakage groove is arranged at the bottom of the large cylinder and communicated with the large cylinder; the top of the cyclone grit chamber is also provided with a sand-water separator connected with a discharge pipeline at the bottom of the sand leaking groove; the outlet of the sand-water separator is connected with the filtered water tank, and the sand discharge port is connected with the sand receiving hopper.
Furthermore, a baffle plate for dividing the grid pool into a grid water inlet groove and a grid water outlet groove is arranged in the grid pool, a grid cylinder is arranged in the grid water outlet groove, and the grid cylinder is provided with an air flushing device matched with the grid cylinder; the baffle is provided with a round hole matched with the water inlet end of the grid cylinder, and the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the grid cylinder are provided with dense hairbrushes for sealing; a slag receiving groove matched with the grid cylinder is axially arranged in the grid cylinder, and the upper end of the slag receiving groove is higher than the inner horizontal plane of the grid cylinder; a central shaft coaxial with the grid cylinder is arranged in the slag receiving groove, and a group of helical blades are arranged on the central shaft; the top of the grating pool is provided with a driving device for driving the central shaft and the grating cylinder to rotate; the discharge end of the slag receiving groove extends out of the grid pool from the water outlet end of the grid cylinder; a water level adjusting device is also arranged in the grating pool.
Furthermore, a grid water outlet pool is arranged at the bottom of the grid groove, a grid cylinder is arranged above the grid water outlet pool, and a partition plate is arranged between the grid water outlet pool and the grid cylinder; two sides of the grid cylinder are respectively provided with a grid overflow groove of which the bottom is communicated with the grid water outlet pool, and one side of the grid overflow groove close to the grid cylinder is provided with a lifting weir plate of which the bottom is matched with the isolation plate; the partition plate, the lifting weir plate, the inner wall of the grating tank and the baffle plate are matched to form a water storage tank matched with the grating cylinder; a floating body for monitoring the water level in the grille water inlet groove is arranged in the grille water inlet groove, the water level adjusting device is of a balance type lever structure, one end of the water level adjusting device is hung on the floating body, and the other end of the water level adjusting device is hung on the lifting weir plate.
In order to make the moisture content of sand lower, connect the slag notch bottom to set up the drainage orifice plate, grid pond outer wall is located and connects the terminal below of slag notch to be provided with the water receiving tank, connects the ascending slag pipe of slope of slag notch end-to-end connection, and the union coupling of slagging tap is provided with and connects the sediment fill.
Furthermore, the sand-water separator is shaped like a hydraulic inclined sieve, the upper part of the sand-water separator is provided with a water distribution tank, and a discharge pipeline at the bottom of the annular gap sand leaking tank is connected with the water distribution tank; the sand-water separator is internally provided with an inclined sieve, a water receiving cavity is arranged below the inclined sieve, the inclined sieve is provided with a sand net with the aperture smaller than 0.2mm, the water receiving cavity is a water receiving basin with the periphery closed, a buoyancy opening type drain valve is arranged at the upper end of a lower water outlet pipe of the water receiving basin, the upper part of the inclined sieve is provided with a cover, the water receiving basin is provided with an air inlet pipe, and a lower resistance diaphragm type check valve of a drain pipe of the water receiving basin is connected with a low-resistance water tank.
Furthermore, a flow guide cover is arranged at the bottom of the central sand lifting pipe, and a drainage pipe connected with a water inlet pipe of the rotational flow grit chamber is arranged at the top of the large cylinder; the bottom of the water receiving tank is connected with a water inlet pipe; the water outlet of the grating water outlet pool is communicated with the upper part of the upper filtering screen of the sand filtering tank.
Further, the device also comprises a blower, an airflow pipeline assembly and a PLC control box; an air pipe pipeline is arranged above the upper-layer filtering screen mesh in the sand-water separator inclined screen cavity and the sand filtering tank; the blower is connected with the water lifting device, the water washing sand lifting device, the aeration sand washing device, the inclined sieve cavity of the sand-water separator, the upper part of the upper filtering screen of the sand filtering tank and the pipeline of the air washing device through the airflow pipe assembly; the air flow pipeline assembly consists of a plurality of air pipes, an electromagnetic valve, a regulating valve and a check valve, wherein the check valve is of a micro-resistance diaphragm type structure, and the electromagnetic valve is outdoor. The control box is connected with the blower, the electromagnetic valve and the driving device of the grid cylinder, and is an outdoor field control box with a PLC module.
In order to ensure that the filtering effect of the grid cylinder is better, the filtering part of the grid cylinder is a round-hole plate filtering cylinder with the diameter of a filtering hole not smaller than phi 1mm, or is filtering cloth, a grid plate or a filtering screen with smaller gaps.
Furthermore, the sand leakage groove is an annular gap sand leakage groove, and the aeration sand washing device is conical; the water outlet pipe of the water lifting device tangentially enters the large cylinder of the water washing sand lifting device.
Furthermore, the height of the rotational flow grit chamber is 20% lower than that of the standard chamber, a water inlet pipe at the water inlet end of the rotational flow grit chamber is connected with a water outlet pipe of the lifting pump, and the water depth of the water storage tank can at least exceed 80% of the filtering area of the grid cylinder; the grating tank is horizontally arranged at the tail end of the rotational flow grit chamber in an overhead manner.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cyclone grit chamber is directly arranged on a water outlet pipeline of the lifting pump, so that investment is saved, and occupied area is reduced. Water overflows from the upper end of the grit chamber, and the volume of the grit chamber is fully utilized; the total height of the grit chamber is reduced by more than 20% on the premise of ensuring the treatment effect and capacity, the cost and the transportation cost of the grit chamber are reduced, and the installation space is saved; the cyclone grit chamber is arranged in front of the grating tank, so that the abrasion of sand to grating filter parts, movable sealing surfaces and supporting transmission members can be effectively avoided by the modes of removing sand and then cleaning, the operation and maintenance cost of the grating is saved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the service life of the grating is prolonged. The sand-producing organic matter with extremely low content can be used for building materials. The water content of the discharged slag is low, and the garbage transportation cost is reduced. The slag and sand are discharged by shunting, so that the subsequent separation treatment cost is reduced. The grid cylinder is deeply immersed in water, the filtering area is large, the flow rate is low, the force for embedding slag into the grid hole is small, and the slag is easy to unload and clean. The large-flow low-pressure air cleaning does not need to wash a water pipe of a pressure water source water pump, so that the investment is saved, and the operation energy consumption is low; the water level adjusting device with the balance type lever structure ensures that the inside and outside of the grating are immersed in water uniformly, and the grating has small hydraulic load and low manufacturing cost. The PLC control box ensures the long-term automatic operation of the equipment; the total water inlet kinetic energy is converted into potential energy, the horizontal overhead installation of the grating pool ensures that the final water outlet level is higher than the center of the water inlet pipe, and the hydraulic loss of the whole machine is small.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a cyclone sand basin, 2, a cylindrical water tank, 3, a large cylinder, 4, a sand-water separator, 5, a water level adjusting device, 6, a driving device, 7, a grid cylinder, 8, a grid basin, 9, a flow guide baffle, 10, an overflow port, 11, a central sand hopper, 12, a sand filter tank, 13, a filtered water tank, 14, a slag separation orifice plate, 15, an aeration sand washing device, 16, an expanded sand tank, 17, a blower, 18, a filter screen, 19, a water lifting pipe, 20, a water lifting pipe, 21, a central sand lifting pipe, 22, a sand leakage groove, 23, a sand lifting pipe, 24, a grid water inlet groove, 25, a grid water outlet groove, 26, a baffle, 27, a slag receiving groove, 28, a central shaft, 29, a spiral blade, 30, a grid water outlet basin, 31, a partition board, 32, a grid overflow groove, 33, a lifting weir board, 34, a floating body, 35, a water storage groove, 36, a water receiving pipe, 37 and a water receiving groove.
Detailed Description
Embodiment, a kind of decontamination and degritting machine as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising a rotational flow grit chamber 1, a grid chamber 8 arranged at the end of the grit chamber of the rotational flow grit chamber 1; the grating tank 8 is horizontally arranged at the tail end of the rotational flow grit chamber 1 in an overhead mode. A water inlet pipe is tangentially arranged in the middle of the water inlet end of the rotational flow grit chamber 1, a flow guide baffle plate 9 is arranged at the upper part of the water inlet end, and an overflow port 10 connected with a water inlet of the grid tank 8 is arranged at the tail end of the rotational flow grit chamber 1 above the flow guide baffle plate 9; the bottom of the rotational flow grit chamber 1 is provided with a central sand hopper 11, and an expanded sand groove 16 communicated with the central sand hopper 11 is sleeved on the outer ring of the central sand hopper 11; the upper and lower openings and the small holes of the expanded sand tank 16 are communicated with the central sand hopper 11. A slag separation pore plate 14 is arranged at the upper end of the central sand hopper 11, and an aeration sand washing device 15 is arranged below the slag separation pore plate 14; the bottom of the rotational flow grit chamber 1 is also provided with a sand filter tank 12 and a filtered water tank 13 which are arranged around the outer ring of the expanded sand tank 16, and the expanded sand tank 16 and the sand filter tank 12 are arranged below the landslide of the central sand hopper 11; the sand filtering tank 12 is arranged above the filtered water tank 13, an upper layer filtering screen 18 and a lower layer filtering screen 18 are arranged in the sand filtering tank 12, and the filtered water tank 13 is communicated with each other through the lower layer filtering screen 18; a water lifting device is arranged in the filtered water tank 13 and comprises a water lifting pipe 19, the upper end of the water lifting pipe 19 extends out of the rotational flow grit chamber 1, the lower end of the water lifting pipe is inserted into the filtered water tank 13, and a water lifting air pipe 20 is attached to the outer wall of the water lifting pipe; the top of the water lifting pipe 19 is provided with a cylindrical water tank 2 with an opening at the upper end; the sand basin center device is provided with a water washing sand extracting device, and the water washing sand extracting device comprises a center sand extracting pipe 21, a sand leaking groove 22 and a large cylinder 3 with an opening at the upper end; the water inlet of the large cylinder 3 is connected with the water outlet of the cylinder water tank 2; the upper end of the central sand extracting pipe 21 extends out of the rotational flow grit chamber 1 and is inserted into the large cylinder 3 through the sand leakage groove 22, the lower end of the central sand extracting pipe is inserted into the bottom of the central sand hopper 11, and a sand extracting air pipe 23 is attached to the outer wall of the central sand extracting pipe; the sand leakage groove 22 is arranged at the bottom of the large cylinder 3 and communicated with the large cylinder; the top of the rotational flow grit chamber 1 is also provided with a sand-water separator 4 connected with a discharge pipeline at the bottom of the sand leakage groove 22; the outlet of the sand-water separator 4 is connected with the filtered water tank 13, and the sand outlet is connected with the sand receiving hopper. The sand leakage groove 22 is an annular gap sand leakage groove 22, and the aeration sand washing device 15 is conical; the water outlet pipe of the water lifting device tangentially enters the large cylinder 3 of the water washing sand lifting device.
The grid tank 8 is a horizontal rectangular tank body which is arranged in an overhead manner, and an opening at one end of the grid tank is communicated with the upper section of the rotational flow grit chamber 1 in a welding manner. A baffle 26 for dividing the grating pool 8 into a grating water inlet groove 24 and a grating water outlet groove 25 is arranged in the grating pool 8, a grating cylinder 7 is arranged in the grating water outlet groove 25, and the grating cylinder 7 is provided with an air flushing device matched with the grating cylinder 7; the baffle 26 is provided with a round hole matched with the water inlet end of the grid cylinder 7, and the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the grid cylinder 7 are provided with dense hairbrushes for sealing; a slag receiving groove 27 matched with the grid cylinder 7 is axially arranged in the grid cylinder 7, and the upper end of the slag receiving groove 27 is higher than the inner horizontal plane of the grid cylinder 7; a central shaft 28 coaxial with the grid cylinder 7 is arranged in the slag receiving groove 27, and a group of helical blades 29 are arranged on the central shaft 28; the top of the grating pool 8 is provided with a driving device 6 for driving the central shaft 28 and the grating cylinder 7 to rotate; the discharge end of the slag receiving groove 27 extends out of the grid tank 8 from the water outlet end of the grid barrel 7; a water level adjusting device 5 is also arranged in the grating pool 8. The filtering part of the grid cylinder 7 is a round-hole plate filter cylinder with the diameter of the filtering hole not less than phi 1mm, or filter cloth, grid plate or filter screen with smaller gap. The inner water inlet of one end of the grid cylinder 7 is externally supported on a suspended chain wheel, the center of the grid cylinder is connected with a central shaft 28, the inner circle of the other end of the grid cylinder 7 is supported on a group of three rollers, and both ends of the rotating grid cylinder 7 are sealed by dense hairbrushes to prevent slag in the grid cylinder 7 (water inlet end) from leaking out of the grid cylinder 7 (water outlet end); 80% of the filter area of the filter cylinder passes through water flow at the same time, the filter area is large, the flow rate is low, the extrusion pore force of slag is small, the filter cylinder is easy to clean and unload slag, the filter cylinder rotates around a horizontal central shaft 28, and the upper part of the filter cylinder, which is higher than the water surface, unloads slag by means of the self weight of the slag and low-pressure air outside the filter cylinder and falls into a central slag receiving groove 27.
The bottom of the grating groove is provided with a grating water outlet pool 30, the grating cylinder 7 is arranged above the grating water outlet pool 30, and a separation plate 31 is arranged between the grating water outlet pool and the grating cylinder; two sides of the grid cylinder 7 are respectively provided with a grid overflow groove 32 the bottom of which is communicated with the grid water outlet pool 30, and one side of the grid overflow groove 32 close to the grid cylinder 7 is provided with a lifting weir plate 33 the bottom of which is matched with the partition plate 31; the partition plate 31, the lifting weir plate 33, the inner wall of the grating tank 8 and the baffle 26 are matched to form a water storage tank 35 matched with the grating cylinder 7; a floating body 34 used for monitoring the water level in the grille water inlet groove 24 is arranged in the grille water inlet groove, the water level adjusting device 5 is of a balance type lever structure, one end of the water level adjusting device is hung on the floating body 34, and the other end of the water level adjusting device is hung on the lifting weir plate 33. The height of the cyclone grit chamber 1 is 20% lower than that of the standard chamber, a water inlet pipe at the water inlet end of the cyclone grit chamber 1 is connected with a water outlet pipe of a lifting pump, and the maximum water storage capacity and the water depth of the water storage tank 35 can at least overflow 80% of the filtering area of the grid cylinder. The grid overflow grooves 32 are welded on two sides of the grid cylinder 7, and the water storage grooves 35 can ensure that the grid cylinder 7 is soaked deeply. The lifting weir plates 33 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the grid cylinder 7 and are respectively in a group, the lifting weir plates are composed of stainless steel strip plate welding reinforcing ribs, guide bars and the like, the upper end of the center is hinged with a pull rod of the water level adjusting device 5, and the two ends are arranged in the guide grooves in a clearance fit mode. The lifting weir plate 33 is connected with a water level control device to ensure that the inside and the outside of the grid cylinder 7 have the maximum immersion depth. The filtering area of the grating is the largest, and the hydraulic load of the grating cylinder 7 is reduced, so that the load of the rotary bearings at two ends of the grating cylinder 7 is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
One end of a central shaft 28 is arranged on an end plate of the slag receiving groove 27 through a centripetal thrust bearing, and the inner edge of a spiral blade 29 is welded on the central shaft 28 and the outer edge is supported on a bushing. But the bearing is large play self-lubricating ceramic antifriction bearing of aligning or MC nylon bearing, and the former energy consumption is lower, and bearing department installation is dustproof and rubber seal, prevents that water from getting into and connects the cinder notch 27, even there is the small accessible water receiving tank 37 discharge of revealing. The driving device 6 is driven by a water-immersed double-row chain, the acting force of chain teeth can be reduced by the double-row chain, and the water lubrication of the water-immersed chain drive reduces the friction heating. The driving device 6 drives the grid 7 and the central shaft 28 synchronously.
The bottom of the slag receiving groove 27 is provided with a water filtering pore plate, the outer wall of the grating pool 8 is positioned below the tail end of the slag receiving groove 27 and is provided with a water receiving groove 37, the tail end of the slag receiving groove 27 is connected with an inclined slag discharging pipe 36, and the slag discharging pipe 36 is connected with a slag receiving hopper.
The sand-water separator 4 is shaped like a hydraulic inclined screen, the upper part of the sand-water separator is provided with a water distribution tank, and a discharge pipeline at the bottom of the annular gap sand leakage tank 22 is connected with the water distribution tank; the sand-water separator 4 is internally provided with a slant screen, a water receiving cavity is arranged below the slant screen, the slant screen is provided with a sand net with the aperture smaller than 0.2mm, the water receiving cavity is a water receiving basin with the periphery closed, a buoyancy opening type drain valve is arranged at the upper end of a water outlet pipe below the water receiving basin, the upper part of the slant screen is provided with a cover, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the water receiving basin, and a low-resistance diaphragm type check valve below a drain pipe of the water receiving basin is connected with a filtered water tank 13.
The bottom of the central sand lifting pipe 21 is provided with a flow guide cover, and the top of the large cylinder 3 is provided with a drainage pipe connected with a water inlet pipe of the rotational flow grit chamber 1; the bottom of the water receiving tank 37 is connected with a water inlet pipe; the water outlet of the grille water outlet pool 30 is communicated with the upper part of the upper filtering screen 18 of the sand filtering tank 12. The residue receiving groove 27, the helical blade 29, the central shaft 28, the MC nylon bush, the water filtering pore plate, the water receiving groove 37, the residue discharging pipe 34 and the like form a squeezer.
The dirt and sand removing machine also comprises a blower 17, an airflow pipeline assembly and a PLC control box; an air pipe pipeline is arranged above the upper-layer filtering screen 18 in the sand-water separator 4 inclined screen cavity and the sand filtering tank 12; the blower 17 is connected with a water lifting device, a water washing sand lifting device, an aeration sand washing device 15, a sand-water separator 4 inclined screen cavity, an upper layer filter screen 18 of the sand filter tank 12 and an air washing device through an airflow management assembly; the air flow pipeline assembly consists of a plurality of air pipes, an electromagnetic valve, a regulating valve and a check valve, wherein the check valve is of a micro-resistance diaphragm type structure, and the electromagnetic valve is outdoor. The control box is connected with the blower 17, the electromagnetic valve and the driving device 6 of the grid cylinder 7, and the control box is an outdoor field control box with a PLC module.
The sand filter tank 12 filters cleaner filtered water from the grid outlet and stores the cleaner filtered water in a filtered water tank 13 below, an air pipe is connected to the upper cavity of the filter layer, large-flow low-pressure air is periodically introduced, a steam-water mixture floats upwards to attract clean water below the filter layer to move upwards and take away suspended matters adhered to the surface of sand grains, and back washing of the sand filter layer is realized.
The filtered water tank 13 is a cavity for storing filtered water. The water lifting device arranged in the tank periodically lifts filtered water to the top of the cyclone grit chamber 1 to enter the sand washing and extracting tank for washing sand.
The slag separation pore plate 14 is formed by a circular stainless steel plate, reinforcing ribs and round holes with the diameter of 5 mm distributed on the periphery of the steel plate, a hole is reserved in the center, a sand extraction pipe 21 group can conveniently penetrate through the hole plate, sand is allowed to pass through the pore plate, and slag is prevented from falling to a sand collection hopper.
The aeration sand washing device 15 is arranged below the slag separation pore plate 14, is of a structure that a conical cover is connected with a small cylindrical box at the upper part, the center of the aeration sand washing device is welded with a running sand lifting pipe 21, an air inlet pipe is welded at the upper end of the aeration sand washing device, a plurality of small round holes are distributed at the periphery of the lower bottom of the cylindrical box, a large flow of air is uniformly distributed at regular intervals, then the air is ejected downwards at high speed along the inner wall of the conical cover, and after sand in a sand washing hopper is washed, airflow goes upwards along the outer area of the conical cover to backwash the upper slag separation pore plate 14 along the outer area of the conical cover to prevent slag blockage. And (3) aerating and washing the slag above the pore plate, removing organic matters on the slag, and driving the slag deposited on the pore plate to move upwards to be discharged out of the rotational flow grit chamber 1 along with water flow.
The expansion sand groove 16 ensures that the total volume of the sand storage hopper is not reduced under the condition that the height of the central sand hopper 11 is reduced, when the central sand hopper 11 is filled with the sand, the redundant sand slides into the surrounding expansion sand grooves 16 through the upper and lower communication ports, and when the sand is lifted, when the sand of the central sand hopper 11 is nearly lifted, the sand of the expansion sand groove 16 slides to the central sand hopper 11 along the slope of the bottom. The sand extraction and aeration sand washing airflow prevents the central sand hopper 11 and the expanded sand tank 16 from hardening and blocking, so that the sand keeps fluidity.
Air-blower 17 is positive displacement air-blower 17, and power 2.2KW, flow, pressure satisfy the grid back flush requirement completely, and low because of the grid speed of overflowing, numerous round holes are difficult for blockking up, through the experiment: even if a large amount of garbage such as hair and the like is attached to the circular hole plate, the influence on the grid overflowing amount is small due to the bridging effect, the grid filtering water head is only 60mm unless the adhering soil and other residues are adhered, and even if the grid completely blocks 2/3 filtering holes, the actual start-up time and the stop time of the grid are distributed according to the ratio of 1:4, so that the normal work is completely met, namely 12 minutes of grid working time per hour is divided into more than 6 working cycles, namely 2 minutes of start-up and 8 minutes of stop per cycle. And the sand and water extraction is synchronously completed according to the previous experience and theoretical calculation, the operation is carried out for 6 minutes per hour, two working cycles are subdivided, namely the machine is stopped for 27 minutes after 3 minutes of operation each time. The total time of aeration sand washing, back washing of the sand-water separator 4 and back washing of the sand filter is not more than 30 minutes per hour of the work time of the blower 17. Therefore, the selected blower 17 completely meets the air supply requirement required by the use of the whole machine.
The sand receiving hopper is a standard environment-friendly engineering plastic garbage hopper with rollers.
The slag receiving hopper is a standard environment-friendly engineering plastic garbage hopper with rollers.
The box body of the control box is made of stainless steel, and the blower 17, the electromagnetic valve and the grid cylinder 7 are controlled to drive the motor to automatically run according to a program which is designed in advance or set by field debugging.
The working principle is as follows:
the outlet sewage of the lifting pump enters the rotational flow grit chamber 1 at a high flow rate in a tangential manner, the water flow rotates around the circular chamber wall at an initial rotation speed of about 20 circles per minute, the rotation speed is gradually reduced in the spiral ascending process, and finally the sewage overflows to the large inclined bottom water tank at a low speed from the upper half circle of circular arc section of the circular chamber and converges into the 8 inlets of the grating chamber. Most of the kinetic energy of the inlet water is converted into potential energy.
The sand with higher density slides to the central sand hopper 11 along the wall and slope of the tank in the swirling process, and the slag separation hole plate 14 on the sand hopper blocks the rest slag.
The aeration sand washing device 15 periodically washes sand grains firstly, then the ascending air flow reversely washes the slag separation hole plate 14 to prevent blockage, and the air flow continuously upwards washes and turns over slag matters with larger specific gravity above the sand hopper cover plate, so that the slag matters upwards move along with the water inlet and are discharged out of the rotational flow grit chamber 1 in a rotational flow manner.
The height of the sand hopper is reduced compared with that of a standard pool, but an outer ring annular (the middle small holes of the upper opening and the lower opening are communicated) expanded sand groove 16 is added, and the volume of the total sand hopper is not reduced. When the central sand hopper 11 is filled with sand, the redundant sand slides into the peripheral expanded sand groove 16 through the upper and lower communication ports, and when sand is lifted, the sand in the central sand hopper 11 is nearly lifted, and the sand in the expanded sand groove 16 slides to the central sand hopper 11 along the slope at the bottom under the disturbance of airflow. The sand extraction and aeration sand washing air flow is periodically flushed to prevent the central sand hopper 11 and the expanded sand tank 16 from hardening and blocking, so that the sand keeps fluidity.
The outer ring of the expanded sand tank 16 is provided with a sand filter tank 12 and a filtered water tank 13, and sand washing clean water is produced. The sand screen 12 is provided with an air flow cleaning device to prevent blockage. The lifted clean water tangentially enters a large cylinder 3 of the water washing and sand extracting device, meanwhile, the lifted sand water overflows downwards from the central pipe edge above the cylinder, the sand passes through the rotational flow clean water, soluble organic matters are taken away by the rotational flow water and are discharged from a water outlet pipe of the sand washing cylinder and guided to the position near the water inlet end of the sand basin, and the clean sand continuously descends and flows into a water distribution tank of the sand water separator 4 together with the cylinder bottom clean water through a zigzag annular gap channel of the sand leakage tank 22.
After washing, the sand water uniformly distributed with the width of 400mm above the water distribution tank of the sand-water separator 4 overflows and slides downwards through the arc-shaped sand net, the sand-water separation is realized, the sand enters the sand hopper, and the filtered water flows back to the clear water tank through the diaphragm check valve. The instantaneous large-flow low-pressure air regularly blows back the sand screen to dredge the meshes and blow away the deposited fine sand. The balance lever type automatic water level adjusting device 5 ensures that the flow area of the grating is close to 80 percent of the total filtering area, reduces the flow velocity of the grating to the maximum extent, and simultaneously is provided with an overflow weir to ensure that the difference between the water level inside and outside the grating cylinder 7 is minimum, and reduces the water pressure load of the grating cylinder 7. The grid cylinder 7 adopts a circular hole screen plate with the diameter of 1mm, and low-pressure air washing, brushes and gravity slag discharging are adopted because the filtering area is large and the flow velocity of the grid passing is low, so that the grid passing is not easy to block. The screw conveying squeezer with synchronously rotating grid cylinders 7 conveys and squeezes the slag horizontally and obliquely upwards, and the moisture content of the discharged slag is low. The filtered water of the squeezer plus the diaphragm check valve flows back to the water inlet pipe. The PLC field control box controls the air blower 17, the electromagnetic valve and the driving motor by programs, and automatically runs to realize all working cycles of desanding, aeration sand washing, pore plate backwashing, sand lifting, water lifting, sand washing, sand screen backwashing, sand filtering layer backwashing, grating periodic running flushing, sand-water separation, sand discharging, grating slag squeezing, slag discharging and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the characteristics that:
1) the traditional process sequence is reversed, and the sand removal is arranged in front of the grating, so that the grating is prevented from being worn by the sand;
2. the kinetic energy of the outlet of the lifting pump realizes rotational flow sand settling, and the kinetic energy is converted into potential energy and flows into the grating at the same time of reducing speed;
3. the deep water immersion type grating has large filtering area, low flow velocity of the grating and small head loss before and after the grating;
4. the movable overflow weir and the hydraulic automatic water level adjusting device ensure that the outside of the grid cylinder 7 is immersed deeply, and the hydraulic load of the grid cylinder 7 is low;
5. the filter cartridge is cleaned by using gravity, a brush and low-pressure air to discharge slag, so that the energy consumption is low, and a pressure water source and a pipeline are not required to be configured;
6. washing sand by self-produced clear water, and separating sand with extremely low organic matter content;
7. the PLC is automatically controlled on site to realize self-production of low-pressure air, sand setting, aeration slag washing, sand washing, water lifting, sand-water separation, filtering, slag blocking, slag removal and slag-water squeezing separation. Washing and regenerating the sand-water separation filter screen and the clear water sand filter layer;
8. the sand removal is clean, the fine filtration and slag removal efficiency is high, and the moisture content of the discharged slag is low. The integrated equipment occupies small area.
9. One machine can finish fine filtering, slag removing, sand discharging, slag and sand separating and discharging of 1-5 ten thousand square sewage in one step every day.
The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is clear that the specific implementation of the invention is not restricted in the above manner. Any insubstantial improvements over the methods and technical solutions of the present invention; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be modified in various ways.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a sand removing machine that decontaminates which characterized in that: comprises a rotational flow grit chamber and a grid tank arranged at the tail end of the grit chamber; a water inlet pipe is tangentially arranged in the middle of the water inlet end of the rotational flow grit chamber, a flow guide baffle is arranged at the upper part of the rotational flow grit chamber, and an overflow port connected with the water inlet of the grid chamber is arranged at the tail end of the rotational flow grit chamber above the flow guide baffle; a central sand hopper is arranged at the bottom of the rotational flow grit chamber, and an expansion sand groove communicated with the central sand hopper is sleeved on the outer ring of the central sand hopper; a slag separation pore plate is arranged at the upper end of the central sand hopper, and an aeration sand washing device is arranged below the slag separation pore plate; the bottom of the rotational flow grit chamber is also provided with a sand filter tank and a filtered water tank which are arranged around the outer ring of the expanded sand tank, and the expanded sand tank and the sand filter tank are arranged below the central sand hopper landslide; the sand filter tank is arranged above the filtered water tank, an upper layer of filter screen and a lower layer of filter screen are arranged in the sand filter tank, and the sand filter tank is communicated with the filtered water tank through the lower layer of filter screen; a water lifting device is arranged in the filtered water tank and comprises a water lifting pipe, the upper end of the water lifting pipe extends out of the rotational flow grit chamber, the lower end of the water lifting pipe is inserted into the filtered water tank, and a water lifting air pipe is attached to the outer wall of the water lifting pipe; the top of the water lifting pipe is provided with a cylindrical water tank with an opening at the upper end; the center device of the grit chamber is provided with a washing sand extracting device which comprises a center sand extracting pipe, a sand leaking groove and a large cylinder with an opening at the upper end; the water inlet of the large cylinder is connected with the water outlet of the cylinder water tank; the upper end of the central sand lifting pipe extends out of the rotational flow sand basin and is inserted into the large cylinder through the sand leakage groove, the lower end of the central sand lifting pipe is inserted into the bottom of the central sand hopper, and a sand lifting air pipe is attached to the outer wall of the central sand hopper; the sand leakage groove is arranged at the bottom of the large cylinder and is communicated with the large cylinder; the top of the cyclone grit chamber is also provided with a sand-water separator connected with a discharge pipeline at the bottom of the sand leakage groove; the water outlet of the sand-water separator is connected with the filtered water tank, and the sand outlet is connected with the sand receiving hopper.
2. The dirt and sand removing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a baffle plate for dividing the grid pool into a grid water inlet groove and a grid water outlet groove is arranged in the grid pool, a grid cylinder is arranged in the grid water outlet groove, and the grid cylinder is provided with an air flushing device matched with the grid cylinder; the baffle is provided with a round hole matched with the water inlet end of the grid cylinder, and the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the grid cylinder are provided with dense hairbrushes for sealing; a slag receiving groove matched with the grid cylinder is axially arranged in the grid cylinder, and the upper end of the slag receiving groove is higher than the inner horizontal plane of the grid cylinder; a central shaft coaxial with the grid cylinder is arranged in the slag receiving groove, and a group of helical blades are arranged on the central shaft; the top of the grating pool is provided with a driving device for driving the central shaft and the grating cylinder to rotate; the discharge end of the slag receiving groove extends out of the grid tank from the water outlet end of the grid barrel; a water level adjusting device is also arranged in the grating tank.
3. The trash and sand remover of claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the grating groove is provided with a grating water outlet pool, the grating cylinder is arranged above the grating water outlet pool, and a separation plate is arranged between the grating water outlet pool and the grating cylinder; two sides of the grid cylinder are respectively provided with a grid overflow groove of which the bottom is communicated with the grid water outlet pool, and one side of the grid overflow groove close to the grid cylinder is provided with a lifting weir plate of which the bottom is matched with the isolation plate; the partition plate, the lifting weir plate, the inner wall of the grating tank and the baffle plate are matched to form a water storage tank matched with the grating cylinder; a floating body for monitoring the water level in the grid water inlet tank is arranged in the grid water inlet tank, the water level adjusting device is of a balance type lever structure, the floating body is suspended at one end of the water level adjusting device, and a lifting weir plate is suspended at the other end of the water level adjusting device.
4. A dirt and sand removing machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: connect the slag tank bottom to set up the drainage orifice plate, grid pond outer wall is located connects the terminal below of slag tank to be provided with the water receiving tank, connects the ascending pipe of slagging tap of slope of slag tank end-to-end connection, and the union coupling of slagging tap is provided with and connects the sediment fill.
5. The dirt and sand removing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the sand-water separator is shaped like a hydraulic inclined screen, the upper part of the sand-water separator is provided with a water distribution tank, and a discharge pipeline at the bottom of the annular gap sand leakage tank is connected with the water distribution tank; the sand-water separator is internally provided with a slant screen, a water receiving cavity is arranged below the slant screen, the slant screen is provided with a sand net with the aperture smaller than 0.2mm, the water receiving cavity is a water receiving basin with the periphery closed, a buoyancy opening type drain valve is arranged at the upper end of a lower water outlet pipe of the water receiving basin, the upper part of the slant screen is provided with a cover, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the water receiving basin, and a low-resistance diaphragm type check valve is connected with a filtered water tank under a drain pipe of the water receiving basin.
6. The dirt and sand removing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the bottom of the central sand lifting pipe is provided with a flow guide cover, and the top of the large cylinder is provided with a drainage pipe connected with a water inlet pipe of the rotational flow grit chamber; the bottom of the water receiving tank is connected with a water inlet pipe; the water outlet of the grating water outlet pool is communicated with the upper part of the upper filtering screen of the sand filtering tank.
7. The dirt-and-sand removing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the device also comprises a blower, an airflow pipeline assembly and a PLC control box; an air pipe pipeline is arranged above the upper-layer filtering screen mesh in the sand-water separator inclined screen cavity and the sand filtering tank; the blower is connected with the water lifting device, the water washing sand lifting device, the aeration sand washing device, the sand-water separator inclined sieve cavity, the upper part of the upper filtering screen of the sand filtering tank and the pipeline of the air washing device through the airflow management assembly; the air flow pipeline assembly consists of a plurality of air pipes, an electromagnetic valve, a regulating valve and a check valve, wherein the check valve is of a micro-resistance diaphragm type structure, and the electromagnetic valve is outdoor; the control box is connected with a blower, an electromagnetic valve and a driving device of the grid cylinder, and is an outdoor field control box with a PLC module.
8. A dirt and sand removing machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the filtering part of the grid cylinder is a round-hole plate filter cylinder with the diameter of a filtering hole not smaller than phi 1mm, or filter cloth, a grid plate and a filter screen with smaller gaps.
9. The dirt-and-sand removing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: the sand leakage groove is an annular gap sand leakage groove, and the aeration sand washing device is conical; the water outlet pipe of the water lifting device tangentially enters the large cylinder of the water washing sand lifting device.
10. The dirt and sand removing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the rotational flow grit chamber is 20% lower than that of the standard chamber, a water inlet pipe at the water inlet end of the rotational flow grit chamber is connected with a water outlet pipe of the lifting pump, and the water depth of the water storage tank can at least overflow 80% of the filtering area of the grid cylinder; the grid pool is horizontally arranged at the tail end of the rotational flow grit chamber in an overhead manner.
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| CN201611259595.8A CN107042025B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Dirt and sand removing machine |
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| CN201611259595.8A CN107042025B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Dirt and sand removing machine |
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| CN107042025B true CN107042025B (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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| CN110801674A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-18 | 江苏牡丹离心机制造有限公司 | A filter device of a sedimentation concentration type spiral discharge filter centrifuge |
| CN111187709B (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2022-04-12 | 北京舞鹤环境工程设计有限公司 | Desanding and homogenizing device and process suitable for anaerobic fermentation slurry |
| CN113144698B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2023-03-31 | 中建环能科技股份有限公司 | Efficient pretreatment system and process for removing sand slag together |
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