CN107023533B - A kind of hydraulic control system for resilient bearing multidimensional rigidity test - Google Patents
A kind of hydraulic control system for resilient bearing multidimensional rigidity test Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
- F15B11/17—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors using two or more pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
- F15B13/08—Assemblies of units, each for the control of a single servomotor only
- F15B13/0803—Modular units
- F15B13/0846—Electrical details
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于弹性轴承多维刚度测试的液压控制系统。所述液压控制系统包括油泵、七个工作液压缸、十一个电磁换向阀和液压油箱；七个工作液压缸分别为两个扭转液压缸、两个弯曲液压缸、两个锁止液压缸和压缩液压缸；十一个电磁换向阀为一个两位三通电磁换向阀、五个两位两通电磁换向阀和五个两位四通电磁换向阀。通过控制十一个电磁换向阀的开关实现控制油路的通断，实现控制七个工作液压缸的压力，从而实现检测弹性轴承在X轴向压缩，Y轴向、Z轴向弯曲，绕X轴扭转以及同时耦合作用下三个维度方向的刚度特性；得到弹性轴承在X轴向的刚度，Y轴向、Z轴向的弯曲刚度、X轴向的扭转刚度和同时承受压缩、扭转、弯曲同时耦合作用下的刚度特性。
The invention relates to a hydraulic control system for multidimensional stiffness testing of elastic bearings. The hydraulic control system includes an oil pump, seven working hydraulic cylinders, eleven electromagnetic reversing valves and a hydraulic oil tank; the seven working hydraulic cylinders are respectively two torsion hydraulic cylinders, two bending hydraulic cylinders, and two locking hydraulic cylinders and compression hydraulic cylinders; the eleven electromagnetic directional valves are a two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve, five two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves and five two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valves. By controlling the switches of eleven electromagnetic reversing valves, the on-off control of the oil circuit is realized, and the pressure of the seven working hydraulic cylinders is controlled, so as to detect the compression of the elastic bearing in the X-axis, the bending of the Y-axis and the Z-axis, and the winding The stiffness characteristics of the X-axis torsion and the three-dimensional directions under simultaneous coupling; obtain the stiffness of the elastic bearing in the X-axis, the bending stiffness of the Y-axis and the Z-axis, the torsional stiffness of the X-axis and the simultaneous compression, torsion, Stiffness properties under simultaneous coupling in bending.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于分析及测量控制技术领域。具体涉及专用于对直升机弹性轴承进行多维方向力与力矩的液压加载控制。The invention belongs to the technical field of analysis and measurement control. Specifically, the utility model relates to the hydraulic loading control specially used for carrying out multi-dimensional directional force and moment to the elastic bearing of the helicopter.
背景技术Background technique
弹性轴承是第三代旋翼系统的三大技术之一，是旋翼系统的重要组成部件，虽然体积质量不大，但是价格非常昂贵，根据不同型号，一个弹性轴承平均价格为24万元左右，其刚度特性及质量对直升机的飞行性能及安全性至关重要，并直接影响直升机的质量与销路，因此弹性轴承刚度特性是弹性轴承最重要的特性，有必要对此进行准确的检测。Elastic bearing is one of the three major technologies of the third-generation rotor system. It is an important component of the rotor system. Although the volume and mass are not large, the price is very expensive. According to different models, the average price of an elastic bearing is about 240,000 yuan. Stiffness characteristics and quality are crucial to the flight performance and safety of helicopters, and directly affect the quality and marketability of helicopters. Therefore, the stiffness characteristics of elastic bearings are the most important characteristics of elastic bearings, and it is necessary to accurately detect them.
由于加载点多，设计技术复杂，目前国内还没有设计出对直升机弹性轴承多维力与力矩一次性同时进行加载的设备，而是在不同加载设备上分别进行加载测量，这造成检测效率低，检测人员的工作强度大，检测过程安全性差，检测结果精度低等缺点。Due to the large number of loading points and the complicated design technology, there is currently no equipment designed to simultaneously load the multi-dimensional force and moment of the elastic bearing of the helicopter at one time in China. Instead, the loading measurement is performed on different loading equipment, which results in low detection efficiency. The work intensity of personnel is high, the safety of the detection process is poor, and the accuracy of the detection results is low.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了提高检测效率、降低检测人员的工作强度、提高检测过程的安全性，本发明提供一次性装夹即能完成多点加载检测的一种用于弹性轴承多维刚度测试的液压控制系统。In order to improve the detection efficiency, reduce the work intensity of the detection personnel, and improve the safety of the detection process, the present invention provides a hydraulic control system for multi-dimensional stiffness testing of elastic bearings that can complete multi-point loading detection with one-time clamping.
一种用于弹性轴承多维刚度测试的液压控制系统包括油泵10、七个工作液压缸、十一个电磁换向阀和液压油箱；A hydraulic control system for multidimensional stiffness testing of elastic bearings includes an oil pump 10, seven working hydraulic cylinders, eleven electromagnetic reversing valves and a hydraulic oil tank;
所述七个工作液压缸分别为两个扭转液压缸、两个弯曲液压缸、两个锁止液压缸和压缩液压缸4；The seven working hydraulic cylinders are respectively two torsion hydraulic cylinders, two bending hydraulic cylinders, two locking hydraulic cylinders and compression hydraulic cylinder 4;
所述十一个电磁换向阀为一个两位三通电磁换向阀、五个两位两通电磁换向阀和五个两位四通电磁换向阀，所述两位三通电磁换向阀为第一电磁换向阀11，五个两位两通电磁换向阀为第二电磁换向阀12、第四电磁换向阀14、第六电磁换向阀16、第八电磁换向阀18和第九电磁换向阀19；五个两位四通电磁换向阀为第三电磁换向阀13、第五电磁换向阀15、第七电磁换向阀17、第十电磁换向阀20和第十一电磁换向阀21；The eleven electromagnetic directional valves are one two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve, five two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves and five two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valves. The directional valve is the first electromagnetic directional valve 11, and the five two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves are the second electromagnetic directional valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic directional valve 14, the sixth electromagnetic directional valve 16, and the eighth electromagnetic directional valve. Directional valve 18 and the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19; five two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valves are the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve Reversing valve 20 and eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21;
通过控制所述十一个电磁换向阀的开关实现控制油路的通断，实现控制七个工作液压缸的压力，从而实现检测弹性轴承在X轴向压缩，Y轴向、Z轴向弯曲，绕X轴扭转以及同时耦合作用下三个维度方向的刚度特性；进而得到弹性轴承在X轴向的刚度，Y轴向、Z轴向的弯曲刚度、X轴向的扭转刚度和同时承受压缩、扭转、弯曲同时耦合作用下的刚度特性。By controlling the switches of the eleven electromagnetic reversing valves, the on-off control of the oil circuit is realized, and the pressure of the seven working hydraulic cylinders is controlled, so as to detect the compression of the elastic bearing in the X-axis, and the bending in the Y-axis and Z-axis , torsion around the X-axis and the stiffness characteristics of the three-dimensional directions under simultaneous coupling; then the stiffness of the elastic bearing in the X-axis, the bending stiffness in the Y-axis and Z-axis, the torsional stiffness in the X-axis and the simultaneous compression , torsion, bending stiffness characteristics under simultaneous coupling.
进一步限定的技术方案如下：Further defined technical solutions are as follows:
所述两个扭转液压缸为第一扭转液压缸1和第二扭转液压缸7，所述两个弯曲液压缸为第一弯曲液压缸2和第二弯曲液压缸5，所述两个锁止液压缸为第一锁止液压缸3和第二锁止液压缸6；The two torsion hydraulic cylinders are the first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1 and the second torsion hydraulic cylinder 7, the two bending hydraulic cylinders are the first bending hydraulic cylinder 2 and the second bending hydraulic cylinder 5, and the two locking The hydraulic cylinders are the first locking hydraulic cylinder 3 and the second locking hydraulic cylinder 6;
所述两个扭转液压缸的有杆腔并联、无杆腔并联；两个锁止液压缸的有杆腔和无杆腔之间通过四个液控单向阀组成的液控单向阀桥路并联；The rod chambers and rodless chambers of the two torsion hydraulic cylinders are connected in parallel; the rod chambers and rodless chambers of the two locking hydraulic cylinders are connected through a hydraulically controlled one-way valve bridge composed of four hydraulically controlled one-way valves road in parallel;
所述油泵10的出口连通着单向阀9，单向阀9的出口连通着第一电磁换向阀11的第一进口P1，第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1分别连通着第二电磁换向阀12的进口P1、第四电磁换向阀14的进口P1、第六电磁换向阀16的进口P1、第八电磁换向阀18的进口P1和第九电磁换向阀19的进口P1；The outlet of the oil pump 10 is connected to the check valve 9, the outlet of the check valve 9 is connected to the first inlet P1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, and the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11 is connected to the first inlet P1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11 respectively. The inlet P1 of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, the inlet P1 of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, the inlet P1 of the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, the inlet P1 of the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18 and the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19 import P1;
第二电磁换向阀12的出口A1连通着第三电磁换向阀13的第二进口P2，第三电磁换向阀13的第二出口A2连通着压缩液压缸4的无杆腔，压缩液压缸4的有杆腔连通到第三电磁换向阀13的入口B2；The outlet A1 of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12 is connected to the second inlet P2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, and the second outlet A2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13 is connected to the rodless chamber of the compression hydraulic cylinder 4, and the compression hydraulic pressure The rod cavity of the cylinder 4 is connected to the inlet B2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13;
第四电磁换向阀14的出口A1连通着第五电磁换向阀15的第二进口P2，第五电磁换向阀15的第二出口A2连通着第二弯曲液压缸5的无杆腔，第二弯曲液压缸5的有杆腔连通到第五电磁换向阀15的入口B2；The outlet A1 of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14 is connected to the second inlet P2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, and the second outlet A2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15 is connected to the rodless cavity of the second bending hydraulic cylinder 5, The rod cavity of the second bending hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the inlet B2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15;
第六电磁换向阀16的出口A1连通着第七电磁换向阀17的第二进口P2，第七电磁换向阀17的第二出口A2连通着第一弯曲液压缸2的无杆腔，第一弯曲液压缸2的有杆腔连通到第七电磁换向阀17的入口B2；The outlet A1 of the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16 is connected to the second inlet P2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, and the second outlet A2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17 is connected to the rodless chamber of the first bending hydraulic cylinder 2, The rod cavity of the first bending hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to the inlet B2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17;
第三电磁换向阀13的第二回油口T2、第五电磁换向阀15的第二回油口T2和第七电磁换向阀17的第二回油口T2并联连通着液压油箱；The second oil return port T2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the second oil return port T2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, and the second oil return port T2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17 are connected in parallel to the hydraulic oil tank;
第八电磁换向阀18的出口A1连通着第十电磁换向阀20的第二进口P2，第十电磁换向阀20的第二出口A2通过液控单向阀桥路分别连通着第一锁止液压缸3的无杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6无杆腔，第一锁止液压缸3的有杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6有杆腔通过液控单向阀桥路连通到第十电磁阀20的入口B2通过；The outlet A1 of the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18 is connected to the second inlet P2 of the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20, and the second outlet A2 of the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 is respectively connected to the first The rodless chamber of the locking hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rodless chamber of the second locking hydraulic cylinder 6, the rod chamber of the first locking hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rod chamber of the second locking hydraulic cylinder 6 pass through the hydraulic control check valve bridge The road is connected to the inlet B2 of the tenth electromagnetic valve 20;
第九电磁换向阀19的出口A1连通着第十一电磁换向阀21的第二进口P2，第十一电磁换向阀21的第二出口A2分别连通着第一扭转液压缸1的无杆腔和第二扭转液压缸7的无杆腔，第一扭转液压缸1的有杆腔和第二扭转液压缸7的有杆腔连通到第十一电磁阀21的入口B2；The outlet A1 of the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19 is connected to the second inlet P2 of the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21, and the second outlet A2 of the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21 is connected to the first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1 respectively. The rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the second torsion hydraulic cylinder 7, the rod chamber of the first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1 and the rod chamber of the second torsion hydraulic cylinder 7 are connected to the inlet B2 of the eleventh solenoid valve 21;
第十电磁换向阀20的第二回油口T2和第十一电磁换向阀21的第二回油口T2并联连通着液压油箱。The second oil return port T2 of the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the second oil return port T2 of the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21 are connected in parallel to the hydraulic oil tank.
所述液控单向阀桥路包括四个单向阀，其中两个单向阀的出口并联，两个进口分别连通着第一锁止液压缸3的无杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6无杆腔；另两个单向阀的出口并联，另两个进口分别连通着第一锁止液压缸3的有杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6有杆腔。The hydraulically controlled one-way valve bridge circuit includes four one-way valves, the outlets of the two one-way valves are connected in parallel, and the two inlets are respectively connected to the rodless cavity of the first locking hydraulic cylinder 3 and the second locking hydraulic cylinder 6 rodless chambers; the outlets of the other two check valves are connected in parallel, and the other two inlets are respectively connected to the rod chamber of the first locking hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rod chamber of the second locking hydraulic cylinder 6 .
所述油泵10的进口串联着滤清器，出口串联着单向阀9，单向阀9的出口设有溢流阀8。The inlet of the oil pump 10 is connected with a filter in series, and the outlet is connected with a one-way valve 9 in series, and the outlet of the one-way valve 9 is provided with a relief valve 8 .
第三电磁换向阀13的第二回油口T2、第五电磁换向阀15的第二回油口T2和第七电磁换向阀17的第二回油口T2的并联处设有滤清器。The second oil return port T2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the second oil return port T2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, and the second oil return port T2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17 are provided with a filter cleaner.
第十电磁换向阀20的第二回油口T2和第十一电磁换向阀21的第二回油口T2并联处设有滤清器。A filter is provided at the parallel connection between the second oil return port T2 of the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the second oil return port T2 of the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21 .
本发明的有益技术效果体现在以下方面：Beneficial technical effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects:
1.本发明可以实现一次性装夹的同时，通过不同的电磁阀控制不同的液压缸，实现对弹性轴承三维力及力矩的分别或同时加载，整个弹性轴承多维刚度特性的测试可以在一台检测台上实现；通过不同的电磁换向阀控制不同的液压缸，即可以同时对直升机弹性轴承施加X轴向压力、绕X轴的扭矩、Z及Y轴向弯矩的三维力或力矩，从而提高了弹性轴承检测的效率、降低了检测人员的工作强度，提高了检测过程的安全性。1. The present invention can achieve one-time clamping and control different hydraulic cylinders through different solenoid valves to realize the separate or simultaneous loading of the three-dimensional force and moment of the elastic bearing, and the multi-dimensional stiffness characteristics of the entire elastic bearing can be tested in one Realized on the test bench; different hydraulic cylinders are controlled by different electromagnetic reversing valves, that is, the three-dimensional force or moment of X-axis pressure, torque around the X-axis, and Z- and Y-axis bending moments can be applied to the elastic bearing of the helicopter at the same time. Therefore, the detection efficiency of the elastic bearing is improved, the work intensity of the detection personnel is reduced, and the safety of the detection process is improved.
2.本发明的液压控制系统设计合理，通过优化设计，使用最精简的液压元器件实现了系统功能的同时，降低了产品的成本。2. The design of the hydraulic control system of the present invention is reasonable. By optimizing the design, the most streamlined hydraulic components are used to realize the system function and reduce the cost of the product.
3. 系统中配置了溢流阀，以防止油压过高损坏液压部件系统，同时配置了单向阀，避免液压油倒流，上述配置提高了系统的工作可靠性。3. The system is equipped with a relief valve to prevent damage to the hydraulic component system due to excessive oil pressure. At the same time, it is equipped with a check valve to prevent hydraulic oil from flowing backward. The above configuration improves the reliability of the system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
图2为本发明用于弹性轴承X轴向的刚度检测加载原理图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for stiffness detection and loading in the X-axis of the elastic bearing.
图3为本发明用于弹性轴承X轴向的刚度检测卸载原理图。Fig. 3 is a principle diagram of the present invention for the stiffness detection and unloading of the elastic bearing in the X-axis.
图4为本发明用于弹性轴承Y轴向的弯曲刚度检测加载原理图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for testing the bending stiffness of the elastic bearing in the Y-axis.
图5为本发明用于弹性轴承Y轴向的弯曲刚度检测卸载原理图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for detecting and unloading the bending stiffness of the elastic bearing in the Y-axis.
图6为本发明用于弹性轴承Z轴向的弯曲刚度检测加载原理图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for detecting and loading the bending stiffness of the elastic bearing in the Z-axis.
图7为本发明用于弹性轴承Z轴向的弯曲刚度检测卸载原理图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for detecting and unloading the bending stiffness of the elastic bearing in the Z-axis.
图8为本发明用于弹性轴承X轴向的扭转刚度检测加载原理图。Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for testing the torsional stiffness of the elastic bearing in the X-axis.
图9为本发明用于弹性轴承X轴向的扭转刚度检测卸载原理图。FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for detecting and unloading the torsional stiffness of the elastic bearing in the X-axis.
图10为本发明用于弹性轴承压缩、扭转、弯曲等同时作用下检测加载原理图。Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for detecting loading under the simultaneous action of elastic bearing compression, torsion, and bending.
图11为本发明用于弹性轴承压缩、扭转、弯曲等同时作用下检测卸载原理图。Fig. 11 is a principle diagram of the present invention for detection and unloading under the simultaneous action of elastic bearing compression, torsion, bending, etc.
上图中序号：第一扭转液压缸1、第一弯曲液压缸2、第一锁止液压缸3、压缩液压缸4、第二弯曲液压缸5、第二锁止液压缸6、第二扭转液压缸7、溢流阀8、单向阀9、马达油泵10、第一电磁换向阀11、第二电磁换向阀12、第三电磁换向阀13、第四电磁换向阀14、第五电磁换向阀15、第六电磁换向阀16、第七电磁换向阀17、第八电磁换向阀18、第九电磁换向阀19、第十电磁换向阀20、第十一电磁换向阀21。Serial number in the above picture: first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1, first bending hydraulic cylinder 2, first locking hydraulic cylinder 3, compression hydraulic cylinder 4, second bending hydraulic cylinder 5, second locking hydraulic cylinder 6, second twisting Hydraulic cylinder 7, overflow valve 8, one-way valve 9, motor oil pump 10, first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, The fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18, the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19, the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20, the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve An electromagnetic reversing valve 21.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图，通过实施例对本发明作进一步地描述。The present invention will be further described through the embodiments below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例Example
参见图1和图10，一种用于弹性轴承多维刚度测试的液压控制系统包括油泵10、七个工作液压缸、十一个电磁换向阀和液压油箱。Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 10, a hydraulic control system for elastic bearing multi-dimensional stiffness test includes an oil pump 10, seven working hydraulic cylinders, eleven electromagnetic reversing valves and a hydraulic oil tank.
七个工作液压缸分别为两个扭转液压缸、两个弯曲液压缸、两个锁止液压缸和压缩液压缸4。两个扭转液压缸为第一扭转液压缸1和第二扭转液压缸7，所述两个弯曲液压缸为第一弯曲液压缸2和第二弯曲液压缸5，所述两个锁止液压缸为第一锁止液压缸3和第二锁止液压缸6。两个扭转液压缸的有杆腔并联、无杆腔并联；两个锁止液压缸的有杆腔和无杆腔之间通过四个液控单向阀组成的液控单向阀桥路并联。The seven working hydraulic cylinders are respectively two torsion hydraulic cylinders, two bending hydraulic cylinders, two locking hydraulic cylinders and compression hydraulic cylinders 4 . The two torsion hydraulic cylinders are the first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1 and the second torsion hydraulic cylinder 7, the two bending hydraulic cylinders are the first bending hydraulic cylinder 2 and the second bending hydraulic cylinder 5, and the two locking hydraulic cylinders These are the first lock-up hydraulic cylinder 3 and the second lock-up hydraulic cylinder 6 . The rod chambers and rodless chambers of two torsion hydraulic cylinders are connected in parallel; the rod chambers and rodless chambers of two locking hydraulic cylinders are connected in parallel through a hydraulic control check valve bridge composed of four hydraulic control check valves .
液控单向阀桥路包括四个液控单向阀，其中两个液控单向阀的出口并联，两个进口分别连通着第一锁止液压缸3的无杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6无杆腔；另两个单向阀的出口并联，另两个进口分别连通着第一锁止液压缸3的有杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6有杆腔。The hydraulic control check valve bridge circuit includes four hydraulic control check valves, the outlets of the two hydraulic control check valves are connected in parallel, and the two inlets are respectively connected to the rodless chamber of the first locking hydraulic cylinder 3 and the second locking hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder 6 has no rod chamber; the outlets of the other two check valves are connected in parallel, and the other two inlets are respectively connected to the rod chamber of the first locking hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rod chamber of the second locking hydraulic cylinder 6 .
十一个电磁换向阀为一个两位三通电磁换向阀、五个两位两通电磁换向阀和五个两位四通电磁换向阀。两位三通电磁换向阀为第一电磁换向阀11；五个两位两通电磁换向阀为第二电磁换向阀12、第四电磁换向阀14、第六电磁换向阀16、第八电磁换向阀18和第九电磁换向阀19；五个两位四通电磁换向阀为第三电磁换向阀13、第五电磁换向阀15、第七电磁换向阀17、第十电磁换向阀20和第十一电磁换向阀21。The eleven electromagnetic directional valves are a two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve, five two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves and five two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valves. The two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve is the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11; the five two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valves are the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, and the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16. The eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18 and the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19; the five two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valves are the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, and the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve valve 17, the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21.
上述液压控制系统的具体结构说明如下：The specific structure of the above-mentioned hydraulic control system is described as follows:
所述油泵10的进口串联着滤清器，出口串联着单向阀9，单向阀9的出口设有溢流阀8。The inlet of the oil pump 10 is connected with a filter in series, and the outlet is connected with a one-way valve 9 in series, and the outlet of the one-way valve 9 is provided with a relief valve 8 .
单向阀9的出口连通着第一电磁换向阀11的第一进口P1，第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1分别连通着第二电磁换向阀12的进口P1、第四电磁换向阀14的进口P1、第六电磁换向阀16的进口P1、第八电磁换向阀18的进口P1和第九电磁换向阀19的进口P1；The outlet of the check valve 9 is connected to the first inlet P1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, and the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11 is respectively connected to the inlet P1 of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve The inlet P1 of the reversing valve 14, the inlet P1 of the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, the inlet P1 of the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18 and the inlet P1 of the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19;
第二电磁换向阀12的出口A1连通着第三电磁换向阀13的第二进口P2，第三电磁换向阀13的第二出口A2连通着压缩液压缸4的无杆腔，压缩液压缸4的有杆腔连通到第三电磁换向阀13的入口B2；The outlet A1 of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12 is connected to the second inlet P2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, and the second outlet A2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13 is connected to the rodless chamber of the compression hydraulic cylinder 4, and the compression hydraulic pressure The rod cavity of the cylinder 4 is connected to the inlet B2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13;
第四电磁换向阀14的出口A1连通着第五电磁换向阀15的第二进口P2，第五电磁换向阀15的第二出口A2连通着第二弯曲液压缸5的无杆腔，第二弯曲液压缸5的有杆腔连通到第五电磁换向阀15的入口B2；The outlet A1 of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14 is connected to the second inlet P2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, and the second outlet A2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15 is connected to the rodless cavity of the second bending hydraulic cylinder 5, The rod cavity of the second bending hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the inlet B2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15;
第六电磁换向阀16的出口A1连通着第七电磁换向阀17的第二进口P2，第七电磁换向阀17的第二出口A2连通着第一弯曲液压缸2的无杆腔，第一弯曲液压缸2的有杆腔连通到第七电磁换向阀17的入口B2；The outlet A1 of the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16 is connected to the second inlet P2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, and the second outlet A2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17 is connected to the rodless chamber of the first bending hydraulic cylinder 2, The rod cavity of the first bending hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to the inlet B2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17;
第三电磁换向阀13的第二回油口T2、第五电磁换向阀15的第二回油口T2和第七电磁换向阀17的第二回油口T2并联连通着液压油箱；The second oil return port T2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the second oil return port T2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, and the second oil return port T2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17 are connected in parallel to the hydraulic oil tank;
第八电磁换向阀18的出口A1连通着第十电磁换向阀20的第二进口P2，第十电磁换向阀20的第二出口A2通过液控单向阀桥路分别连通着第一锁止液压缸3的无杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6无杆腔，第一锁止液压缸3的有杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6有杆腔通过液控单向阀桥路连通到第十电磁阀20的入口B2通过；The outlet A1 of the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18 is connected to the second inlet P2 of the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20, and the second outlet A2 of the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 is respectively connected to the first The rodless chamber of the locking hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rodless chamber of the second locking hydraulic cylinder 6, the rod chamber of the first locking hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rod chamber of the second locking hydraulic cylinder 6 pass through the hydraulic control check valve bridge The road is connected to the inlet B2 of the tenth electromagnetic valve 20;
第九电磁换向阀19的出口A1连通着第十一电磁换向阀21的第二进口P2，第十一电磁换向阀21的第二出口A2分别连通着第一扭转液压缸1的无杆腔和第二扭转液压缸7的无杆腔，第一扭转液压缸1的有杆腔和第二扭转液压缸7的有杆腔连通到第十一电磁阀21的入口B2；The outlet A1 of the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19 is connected to the second inlet P2 of the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21, and the second outlet A2 of the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21 is connected to the first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1 respectively. The rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the second torsion hydraulic cylinder 7, the rod chamber of the first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1 and the rod chamber of the second torsion hydraulic cylinder 7 are connected to the inlet B2 of the eleventh solenoid valve 21;
第十电磁换向阀20的第二回油口T2和第十一电磁换向阀21的第二回油口T2并联连通着液压油箱。The second oil return port T2 of the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 and the second oil return port T2 of the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21 are connected in parallel to the hydraulic oil tank.
本发明的具体工作原理说明如下：Concrete working principle of the present invention is described as follows:
将被检测弹性轴承装夹在夹具中，打开总电源开关，给用电设备供电，做好检测准备工作。Clamp the elastic bearing to be tested in the fixture, turn on the main power switch, supply power to the electrical equipment, and make preparations for testing.
工况一：对弹性轴承进行X轴向刚度特性测试Working condition 1: X-axis stiffness characteristic test for elastic bearings
参见图2和表1，当需要测试弹性轴承X轴向的刚度时，使相关的电磁换向阀得电工作，不相关的电磁换向阀断电。即第一电磁换向阀11、第二电磁换向阀12移动到1位置，第三电磁换向阀13、第四电磁换向阀14、第六电磁换向阀16、第八电磁换向阀18、第九电磁换向阀19移动到2位置，其余电磁换向阀位置任意。此时，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第二电磁换向阀12的出口A1、第三电磁换向阀13的第二出口A2进入压缩液压缸4的无杆腔，经第三电磁换向阀13的第二回油口T2、过滤器回到液压油箱，完成对弹性轴承X轴向的加压。其余液压缸不工作。各电磁换向阀的工作位置如表1所示。分别测出弹性轴承所承受的压力以及此压力作用下弹性轴承的X轴向压缩变形量。Referring to Fig. 2 and Table 1, when it is necessary to test the stiffness of the elastic bearing in the X-axis, the relevant electromagnetic reversing valves are energized to work, and the unrelated electromagnetic reversing valves are de-energized. That is, the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11 and the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12 move to position 1, the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve Valve 18 and the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19 move to position 2, and the positions of all the other electromagnetic reversing valves are arbitrary. At this time, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the outlet A1 of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, and the first outlet A1 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13. The second outlet A2 enters the rodless chamber of the compression hydraulic cylinder 4, and returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the second oil return port T2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13 and the filter to complete the pressurization of the X-axis of the elastic bearing. The remaining hydraulic cylinders do not work. The working position of each electromagnetic reversing valve is shown in Table 1. The pressure that the elastic bearing bears and the X-axis compression deformation of the elastic bearing under the action of this pressure are respectively measured.
参见图3，当需要卸载时，第三电磁换向阀13由位置2换到位置1，其余电磁换向阀位置不变。此时，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的出口A1、第二电磁换向阀12的出口A1、第三电磁换向阀13的第一出口A1进入压缩液压缸4的有杆腔，经第三电磁换向阀13的第一回油口T1、过滤器回到液压油箱，完成对弹性轴承X轴向施加压力的卸载。Referring to Fig. 3, when unloading is required, the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13 is switched from position 2 to position 1, and the positions of the other electromagnetic reversing valves remain unchanged. At this time, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the outlet A1 of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, and the first outlet of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13. A1 enters the rod cavity of the compression hydraulic cylinder 4, returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the first oil return port T1 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, and the filter, and completes the unloading of the pressure applied to the elastic bearing X in the axial direction.
工况二：对弹性轴承进行Y轴向弯曲刚度特性测试Working condition 2: Y-axis bending stiffness characteristic test for elastic bearings
参见图4和表1，当需要测试弹性轴承Y轴向弯曲刚度时，使相关的电磁换向阀得电工作，不相关的电磁换向阀断电。第一电磁换向阀11、第四电磁换向阀14移动到1位置，第二电磁换向阀12、第五电磁换向阀15、第六电磁换向阀16、第八电磁换向阀18、第九电磁换向阀19移动到2位置，其余电磁换向阀位置任意。此时，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第四电磁换向阀14的出口A1、第五电磁换向阀15的第二出口A2进入第二弯曲液压缸5的无杆腔，经第五电磁换向阀15的第二回油口T2、过滤器回到液压油箱，完成对弹性轴承Y轴向的加压。其余液压缸不工作，各电磁换向阀的工作位置如表1所示。分别测出弹性轴承所承受的弯曲力以及该力作用下弹性轴承的弯曲角度。Referring to Figure 4 and Table 1, when it is necessary to test the Y-axis bending stiffness of the elastic bearing, the relevant electromagnetic reversing valve is powered on, and the unrelated electromagnetic reversing valve is powered off. The first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14 move to the 1 position, the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18. The ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19 moves to position 2, and the rest of the electromagnetic reversing valves are in any position. At this time, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the outlet A1 of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, and the first outlet A1 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15. The second outlet A2 enters the rodless chamber of the second bending hydraulic cylinder 5, and returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the second oil return port T2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15 and the filter to complete the Y-axis pressurization of the elastic bearing. The remaining hydraulic cylinders do not work, and the working positions of the electromagnetic reversing valves are shown in Table 1. The bending force borne by the elastic bearing and the bending angle of the elastic bearing under the force are respectively measured.
参见图5，当需要卸载时，第五电磁换向阀15由位置2换到位置1，其余电磁换向阀位置不变。此时，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第四电磁换向阀14的出口A1、第五电磁换向阀15的第一出口A1进入第二弯曲液压缸5的有杆腔，经第五电磁换向阀15的油口B1、第一回油口T1和过滤器回到液压油箱，完成对弹性轴承Y轴向施加压力的卸载。Referring to Fig. 5, when unloading is required, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15 is switched from position 2 to position 1, and the positions of other electromagnetic reversing valves remain unchanged. At this time, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the outlet A1 of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, and the first outlet A1 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15. One outlet A1 enters the rod cavity of the second bending hydraulic cylinder 5, returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the oil port B1 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, the first oil return port T1 and the filter, and completes the Y-axis application of the elastic bearing. Unloading of pressure.
工况三：对弹性轴承进行Z轴向弯曲刚度特性测试操作Working condition three: test the elastic bearing in the Z-axis bending stiffness characteristic
参见图6和表1，当需要测试弹性轴承Z轴向弯曲刚度时，使相关的电磁换向阀得电工作，不相关的电磁换向阀断电。第一电磁换向阀11、第六电磁换向阀16移动到1位置，第二电磁换向阀12、第四电磁换向阀14、第七电磁换向阀17、第八电磁换向阀18、第九电磁换向阀19移动到2位置，其余电磁换向阀位置任意。此时，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第六电磁换向阀16的油口A1、第七电磁换向阀17的第二出口A2进入第一弯曲液压缸2的无杆腔；经第七电磁换向阀17的油口B2、第二回油口T2和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承Z轴的加压。其余液压缸不工作，各电磁换向阀的工作位置如表1所示。分别测出弹性轴承所承受的弯曲力以及该力作用下弹性轴承的弯曲角度。Referring to Fig. 6 and Table 1, when it is necessary to test the Z-axis bending stiffness of the elastic bearing, the relevant electromagnetic reversing valve is powered on and the irrelevant electromagnetic reversing valve is powered off. The first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16 move to the 1 position, the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18. The ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19 moves to position 2, and the rest of the electromagnetic reversing valves are in any position. At this time, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil port A1 of the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, and the outlet of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17. The second outlet A2 enters the rodless chamber of the first bending hydraulic cylinder 2; returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the oil port B2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, the second oil return port T2 and the filter. Complete the pressurization of the elastic bearing Z-axis. The remaining hydraulic cylinders do not work, and the working positions of the electromagnetic reversing valves are shown in Table 1. The bending force borne by the elastic bearing and the bending angle of the elastic bearing under the force are respectively measured.
参见图7，当需要卸载时，第七电磁换向阀17由位置2换到位置1，其余电磁换向阀位置不变。此时，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第六电磁换向阀16的油口A1、第七电磁换向阀17的第一出口A1进入第一弯曲液压缸2的有杆腔；经第七电磁换向阀17的油口B1、第一回油口T1和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承Z轴的施加压力的卸载。Referring to Fig. 7, when unloading is required, the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17 is switched from position 2 to position 1, and the positions of other electromagnetic reversing valves remain unchanged. At this time, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil port A1 of the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, and the outlet of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17. The first outlet A1 enters the rod cavity of the first bending hydraulic cylinder 2; returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the oil port B1 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, the first oil return port T1 and the filter. Complete the unloading of the applied pressure on the elastic bearing Z axis.
工况四：对弹性轴承进行X轴向扭转刚度特性测试操作Working condition four: X-axis torsional stiffness characteristic test operation for elastic bearings
参见图8和表1，当需要测试弹性轴承X轴向扭转刚度时，使相关的电磁换向阀得电工作，不相关的电磁换向阀断电。第一电磁阀11、第八电磁换向阀18移动到位置1，第二电磁换向阀12、第四电磁换向阀14、第六电磁换向阀16、第九电磁换向阀19、第十电磁换向阀20移动到位置2。2秒钟后，第九电磁换向阀19移动到1位置，第十一电磁换向阀11移动到2位置，其余电磁换向阀位置任意。此时，形成两条工作路线；Referring to Fig. 8 and Table 1, when it is necessary to test the X-axis torsional stiffness of the elastic bearing, the relevant electromagnetic reversing valves are energized to work, and the unrelated electromagnetic reversing valves are de-energized. The first electromagnetic valve 11, the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18 move to position 1, the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19, The tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 moves to position 2. After 2 seconds, the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19 moves to position 1, the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 11 moves to position 2, and the remaining electromagnetic reversing valves are in any position. At this point, two working routes are formed;
第一条工作路线，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第八电磁换向阀18的出油口A1、第十电磁换向阀20的第二进出油口A2通过液控单向阀桥路分别进入第一锁止液压缸3的无杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6的无杆腔；第一锁止液压缸3的有杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6的有杆腔的液压油经第十电磁换向阀20的油口B2、第二回油口T2和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承的加紧，使其固定不动。The first working route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil outlet A1 of the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18, the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve The second oil inlet and outlet port A2 of the directional valve 20 respectively enters the rodless cavity of the first lock-up hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rodless cavity of the second lock-up hydraulic cylinder 6 through the hydraulic control check valve bridge; the first lock-up hydraulic cylinder The hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of 3 and the rod chamber of the second lock-up hydraulic cylinder 6 returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the oil port B2 of the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20, the second oil return port T2 and the filter. Finish tightening the elastic bearing so that it stays in place.
第二条工作路线，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第九电磁换向阀19的出油A1、第十一电磁换向阀21的第二出油口A2进入第一扭转液压缸1的无杆腔和第二扭转液压缸7的无杆腔；经第十一电磁换向阀21的油口B2、第二回油口T2和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承X轴的扭矩施加。各电磁换向阀的工作位置如表1所示。测试出扭转力，同时测算弹性轴承绕X轴偏转的角度。In the second working route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil outlet A1 of the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19, and the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve. The second oil outlet A2 of the directional valve 21 enters the rodless chamber of the first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1 and the rodless chamber of the second torsion hydraulic cylinder 7; through the oil port B2 of the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21, the second Port T2 and filter return to hydraulic tank. Complete the torque application to the elastic bearing X-axis. The working position of each electromagnetic reversing valve is shown in Table 1. Test the torsional force, and at the same time measure the deflection angle of the elastic bearing around the X axis.
参见图9，当需要卸载时，第十一电磁换向阀21由位置2换到位置1；2秒钟后，第十电磁换向阀20也由位置2换到位置1，其余电磁换向阀位置不变。此时，形成两条卸载路线；Referring to Figure 9, when unloading is required, the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21 is switched from position 2 to position 1; after 2 seconds, the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 is also switched from position 2 to position 1, and the remaining electromagnetic reversing valves The valve position does not change. At this point, two unloading routes are formed;
第一条卸载路线，油泵10将液压油输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第九电磁换向阀19的出油口A1、第十一电磁换向阀21的第二出油口A1进入第一扭转液压缸1的有杆腔和第二扭转液压缸7的有杆腔；经第十一电磁换向阀21的油口B1、第一回油口T1和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承X轴施加扭矩的卸载。In the first unloading route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil outlet A1 of the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19, the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve The second oil outlet A1 of the directional valve 21 enters the rod chamber of the first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1 and the rod chamber of the second torsion hydraulic cylinder 7; Port T1 and filter return to hydraulic tank. Complete the unloading of torque applied to the elastic bearing X-axis.
第二条卸载路线，油泵10将液压油输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第八电磁换向阀18的出油口A1、第十电磁换向阀20的第一出油口A1进入第一锁止液压缸3的有杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6的有杆腔的液压油；经第十电磁换向阀20的油口B1、第一回油口T1和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承的卸载。In the second unloading route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil outlet A1 of the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18, and the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve. The first oil outlet A1 of the valve 20 enters the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the first lock-up hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rod chamber of the second lock-up hydraulic cylinder 6; The first oil return port T1 and the filter return to the hydraulic oil tank. Complete the unloading of the elastic bearing.
工况五：对弹性轴承进行压缩、扭转、弯曲等同时耦合作用下的各维度的刚度特性测试操作Working condition five: testing the stiffness characteristics of elastic bearings in each dimension under simultaneous coupling effects such as compression, torsion, and bending
参见图10和表1，当需要测试弹性轴承压缩、扭转、弯曲等同时耦合作用下的各维度的刚度时，使相关的电磁换向阀得电工作，不相关的电磁换向阀断电。第一电磁换向阀11、第八电磁换向阀18移动到位置1，第二电磁换向阀12、第四电磁换向阀14、第六电磁换向阀16、第九电磁换向阀19、第十电磁换向阀20移动到位置2，2秒钟后第二电磁换向阀12、第四电磁换向阀14、第六电磁换向阀16、第九电磁换向阀19移动到1位置，第三电磁换向阀13、第五电磁换向阀15、第七电磁换向阀17、第十一电磁换向阀21移动到位置2。此时，形成五条工作路线。Referring to Figure 10 and Table 1, when it is necessary to test the stiffness of each dimension under the simultaneous coupling effects of elastic bearing compression, torsion, bending, etc., the relevant electromagnetic reversing valves are powered on, and the unrelated electromagnetic reversing valves are powered off. The first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18 move to position 1, the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19. The tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 moves to position 2. After 2 seconds, the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, and the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19 move To position 1, the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, and the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21 move to position 2. At this time, five working routes are formed.
第一条工作路线，油泵10将液压油输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第八电磁换向阀18的出油口A1、第十电磁换向阀20的第二出油口A2通过液控单向阀桥路分别进入第一锁止液压缸3的无杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6的无杆腔；第一锁止液压缸3的有杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6的有杆腔的液压油经第十电磁换向阀20的油口B2、第二回油口T2和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承的加紧，使其固定不动。The first working route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil outlet A1 of the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18, and the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve. The second oil outlet A2 of the valve 20 enters the rodless chamber of the first lock-up hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rodless chamber of the second lock-up hydraulic cylinder 6 respectively through the hydraulic control check valve bridge; the first lock-up hydraulic cylinder 3 The hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the second lock-up hydraulic cylinder 6 and the rod chamber of the second lock-up hydraulic cylinder 6 returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the oil port B2 of the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20, the second oil return port T2 and the filter. Finish tightening the elastic bearing so that it stays in place.
第二条工作路线，油泵10将液压油输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第二电磁换向阀12的出口A1、第三电磁换向阀13的第二出口A2进入压缩液压缸4的无杆腔，经第三电磁换向阀13的第二回油口T2、过滤器回到液压油箱，完成对弹性轴承X轴向的加压。The second working route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the outlet A1 of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, and the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13 The second outlet A2 enters the rodless chamber of the compression hydraulic cylinder 4, and returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the second oil return port T2 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13 and the filter to complete the pressurization of the elastic bearing in the X-axis.
第三条工作路线，油泵10将液压油输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第四电磁换向阀14的出口A1、第五电磁换向阀15的第二出口A2进入第二弯曲液压缸5的无杆腔，经第五电磁换向阀15的第二回油口T2、过滤器回到液压油箱，完成对弹性轴承Y轴向的加压。The third working route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the outlet A1 of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, and the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15 The second outlet A2 enters the rodless chamber of the second bending hydraulic cylinder 5, and returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the second oil return port T2 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15 and the filter to complete the Y-axis pressurization of the elastic bearing .
第四条工作路线，油泵10将液压油的送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第六电磁换向阀16的油口A1、第七电磁换向阀17的第二出口A2进入第一弯曲液压缸2的无杆腔；经第七电磁换向阀17的油口B2、第二回油口T2和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承Z轴的加压。The fourth working route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil port A1 of the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, and the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve. The second outlet A2 of the valve 17 enters the rodless cavity of the first bending hydraulic cylinder 2; returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the oil port B2 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, the second oil return port T2 and the filter. Complete the pressurization of the elastic bearing Z-axis.
第五条工作路线，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第九电磁换向阀19的出油A1、第十一电磁换向阀21的第二出油口A2进入第一扭转液压缸1的无杆腔和第二扭转液压缸7的无杆腔；经第十一电磁换向阀21的油口B2、第二回油口T2和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承X轴的扭矩施加。The fifth working route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil outlet A1 of the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19, and the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve. The second oil outlet A2 of the directional valve 21 enters the rodless chamber of the first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1 and the rodless chamber of the second torsion hydraulic cylinder 7; through the oil port B2 of the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21, the second Port T2 and filter return to hydraulic tank. Complete the torque application to the elastic bearing X-axis.
此时所有液压缸都工作，同时测试出所有力以及变形量。At this time, all hydraulic cylinders are working, and all forces and deformations are tested at the same time.
参见图11，需要卸载时，第三电磁换向阀13、第五电磁换向阀15、第七电磁换向阀17、第十一电磁换向阀21由位置2移动到位置1,2s后第十电磁换向阀20由位置2移动到位置1。此时，形成五条卸载路线；Referring to Fig. 11, when unloading is required, the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, and the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve 21 move from position 2 to position 1, after 2s The tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 moves from position 2 to position 1 . At this point, five unloading routes are formed;
第一条卸载路线，油泵10将液压油输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第九电磁换向阀19的出油口A1、第十一电磁换向阀21的第一出油口A1进入第一扭转液压缸1的有杆腔和第二扭转液压缸7的有杆腔；经第十一电磁换向阀21的油口B1、第一回油口T1和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承X轴施加扭矩的卸载。In the first unloading route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil outlet A1 of the ninth electromagnetic reversing valve 19, the eleventh electromagnetic reversing valve The first oil outlet A1 of the directional valve 21 enters the rod chamber of the first torsion hydraulic cylinder 1 and the rod chamber of the second torsion hydraulic cylinder 7; Port T1 and filter return to hydraulic tank. Complete the unloading of torque applied to the elastic bearing X-axis.
第二条卸载路线，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第六电磁换向阀16的油口A1、第七电磁换向阀17的第一出口A1进入第一弯曲液压缸2的有杆腔；经第七电磁换向阀17的油口B1、第一回油口T1和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承Z轴的施加压力的卸载。In the second unloading route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil port A1 of the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve 16, and the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve. The first outlet A1 of the valve 17 enters the rod cavity of the first bending hydraulic cylinder 2; returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the oil port B1 of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve 17, the first oil return port T1 and the filter. Complete the unloading of the applied pressure on the elastic bearing Z axis.
第三条卸载路线，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第四电磁换向阀14的出口A1、第五电磁换向阀15的第一出口A1进入第二弯曲液压缸5的有杆腔，经第五电磁换向阀15的油口B1、第一回油口T1和过滤器回到液压油箱，完成对弹性轴承Y轴向施加压力的卸载。The third unloading route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the outlet A1 of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 14, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve The first outlet A1 of 15 enters the rod cavity of the second bending hydraulic cylinder 5, returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the oil port B1 of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, the first oil return port T1 and the filter, and completes the adjustment of the elastic bearing Y Unloading of axially applied pressure.
第四条卸载路线，油泵10将液压油的输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的出口A1、第二电磁换向阀12的出口A1、第三电磁换向阀13的第一出口A1进入压缩液压缸4的有杆腔，经第三电磁换向阀13的第一回油口T1、过滤器回到液压油箱，完成对弹性轴承X轴向施加压力的卸载。The fourth unloading route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the outlet A1 of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, and the outlet of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13. The first outlet A1 enters the rod cavity of the compression hydraulic cylinder 4, returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the first oil return port T1 of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, and the filter, and completes the unloading of the pressure applied to the elastic bearing X in the axial direction.
第五条卸载路线，油泵10将液压油输送流经单向阀9、第一电磁换向阀11的第一出口A1、第八电磁换向阀18的出油口A1、第十电磁换向阀20的第一出油口A1和液控单向阀桥路进入第一锁止液压缸3的有杆腔和第二锁止液压缸6的有杆腔；经第十电磁换向阀20的油口B1、第一回油口T1和过滤器回到液压油箱。完成对弹性轴承的卸载。The fifth unloading route, the oil pump 10 sends the hydraulic oil through the check valve 9, the first outlet A1 of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 11, the oil outlet A1 of the eighth electromagnetic reversing valve 18, and the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve. The first oil outlet A1 of the valve 20 and the bridge of the hydraulic control check valve enter the rod cavity of the first locking hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rod cavity of the second locking hydraulic cylinder 6; through the tenth electromagnetic reversing valve 20 The oil port B1, the first oil return port T1 and the filter return to the hydraulic oil tank. Complete the unloading of the elastic bearing.
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