CN107003066B - 分离含烃气态混合物的方法 - Google Patents

分离含烃气态混合物的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107003066B
CN107003066B CN201580066928.2A CN201580066928A CN107003066B CN 107003066 B CN107003066 B CN 107003066B CN 201580066928 A CN201580066928 A CN 201580066928A CN 107003066 B CN107003066 B CN 107003066B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
stream
rich
gaseous mixture
cooling
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201580066928.2A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN107003066A (zh
Inventor
列夫·阿尔卡季耶维奇·巴吉罗夫
列昂纳德·马卡罗维奇·德米特里耶夫
弗拉基米尔·伊萨科维奇·费金
萨拉瓦特·扎伊内特季诺维奇·伊马耶夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safe Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Safe Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Safe Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Safe Engineering Co Ltd
Publication of CN107003066A publication Critical patent/CN107003066A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107003066B publication Critical patent/CN107003066B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0242—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 3 carbon atoms or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0266—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/04—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/40—Features relating to the provision of boil-up in the bottom of a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/74—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the partially condensed overhead gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/76—Refluxing the column with condensed overhead gas being cycled in a quasi-closed loop refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/78—Refluxing the column with a liquid stream originating from an upstream or downstream fractionator column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/90—Details relating to column internals, e.g. structured packing, gas or liquid distribution
    • F25J2200/94—Details relating to the withdrawal point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/10—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using combined expansion and separation, e.g. in a vortex tube, "Ranque tube" or a "cyclonic fluid separator", i.e. combination of an isentropic nozzle and a cyclonic separator; Centrifugal separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/04—Mixing or blending of fluids with the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/40—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于处理含烃气态混合物的技术，并且特别是涉及气体组分的低温分离，并且本发明可以被用于处理油井气体或天然气。技术结果包括减少目标组分的损失和增加方法的效率。

Description

分离含烃气态混合物的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于处理含烃气态混合物的方法，特别是涉及气体组分的低温分离，并且本发明可被用于处理伴产气或天然气。本发明特别有助于解决与从天然气提取酸性气体(СО2和Н2S)相关的任务。
背景技术
用于分离含烃气态混合物的方法在本领域中是已知的，该方法包括：冷却混合物，膨胀该混合物或该混合物的一部分，在膨胀期间局部冷凝该混合物，在精馏塔中分离该混合物或该混合物的一部分，用于产生液相和气相的产物的目的。膨胀混合物的处理(工艺)是通过使混合物穿过喷嘴通道来进行的，混合物料流在喷嘴通道中和/或在喷嘴通道入口处被涡旋(打旋)，并且该混合物料流在该喷嘴通道出口处或在该喷嘴通道的一部分处至少被分为两个料流，其中之一富含比甲烷重的组分，而另一个贫乏所述比甲烷重的组分。富含的料流或其一部分被进料至精馏塔，并且在该精馏塔中产生的气相产物被完全地或部分地进料到被膨胀之前的混合物中(参见：俄罗斯专利2272973号)。
用于分离气态混合物的方法在本领域中是已知的，该方法包括：冷却混合物，使由该混合物产生的产物扩展(膨胀)，使这些产物的至少一部分穿过精馏塔，在喷嘴中将所述混合物扩展(膨胀)为涡旋的料流并且将所述料流分离成富含比甲烷重的组分的料流和贫乏所述比甲烷重的组分的料流，通过由所述混合物产生的产物的冷却来将所述贫乏料流加热。被加热的贫乏气体料流在压缩器中被压缩、在空气冷却单元中被冷却，并且所产生的气体产物的一部分被用作最终产物，而另一部分被额外地冷却、扩展，扩展(膨胀)产物被进料至塔和/或与从所述塔来到喷嘴的气相产物混合(参见：俄罗斯专利2514859号)。
已知方法在以下方面是不利的：如果其被用于在喷嘴中的分离之后提取二氧化碳气体(СО2)，富含比甲烷重的组分的料流仍包括通过泵入形成物而被处理的、溶解在CO2中的大体积的烃类。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是确保从初始气态混合物再次提取目标组分(烃类)。
本发明的技术效果包括这样的技术结果，所述技术结果在于减少目标组分的损失和提高方法效率。
由于要求保护的方法包括以下步骤这样的事实，实现了所述技术效果：
a)将混合物脱水，
b)将混合物冷却，
c)使混合物穿过第一精馏塔，由此产生富含烃类的第一料流和包括溶解在CO2中的烃类的第二料流，
d)在第一料流在喷嘴中涡旋并且同时扩展时，分离第一料流组分，用于产生贫乏比甲烷重的组分的第三料流和富含所述比甲烷重的组分的第四料流，
e)加热第三料流，
f)使用第三料流的一部分作为输出气体，
g)将第三料流的另一部分冷却，将其与第一料流混合，并且将由此产生的混合物进料至步骤(d)，
h)将第二料流和第四料流进料到第二精馏塔中，用于产生富含C3+烃类的第五料流、富含CO2的第六料流以及富含甲烷的第七料流，
i)将第七料流与初始气态混合物混合并进料至步骤(a)。
而且，由于以下事实实现了所述技术效果：
-在步骤(d)之前，混合物被分离为富含CO2的料流和贫乏CO2的料流，贫乏CO2的料流被进料至步骤(d)用于分离，而富含CO2的料流被返回到所述第一精馏塔；
-来自所述第一精馏塔的液相的一部分通过使用被提供用于冷却初始气态混合物的热交换器而被加热，并且被返回到第一精馏塔；
-来自所述第二精馏塔的液相的一部分通过使用被提供用于冷却初始气态混合物的热交换器而被加热，并且被返回至第二精馏塔；
-富含CO2的所述第六料流通过使用被提供用于冷却初始气态混合物的热交换器而被加热，并被处理；
-在一个热交换器中进行在步骤(e)中的第三料流的加热和在步骤(g)中的第三料流的一部分的冷却；
-将初始气态混合物在步骤(b)中冷却至低于-40℃的温度。
要求保护的本发明与类似方案之间的主要不同在于：本发明使用第二精馏塔，其中来自第一精馏塔的液相和来自喷嘴分离器的气-液料流被进料至所述第二精馏塔。第二精馏塔能够提取溶解在CO2中的额外的烃类以及分离C3+(丙烷及更高级烃)的单个级分(馏分)。因此，要求保护的方法能够使得气态混合物的纯化程度和目标组分的提取程度更高，以及能够获得额外的终产物—宽级分(wide fraction)，这确保了方法的效率。
附图说明
本发明通过附图来阐明，其中，图1示出了实施该方法的示意图。
该示意图包括以下元件：
1–第一压缩器
2–脱水单元
3–第一热交换器
4–冷却器
5–第二热交换器
6–阀
7–第一精馏塔
8–混合器
9–分离器
10–阀
11–喷嘴分离器
12–第二精馏塔
13–第三热交换器
14–第二压缩器
15–第三压缩器
16–泵
17–泵
18–加热器(重沸器)。
经处理的气态混合物的组分料流通过示意图中的以下参考号来指明：
101–起始气体(气态混合物)
102–脱水后的气态混合物
103–冷却的气态混合物
104–膨胀后的冷却的气态混合物
105–第一精馏塔(7)中产生的富含烃类的第一料流
106–第一精馏塔(7)中产生的包括溶解在CO2中的烃类的第二料流
107–喷嘴分离器中贫乏比甲烷重的组分的第三料流
108–喷嘴分离器中富含比甲烷重的组分的第四料流
109–第二精馏塔(12)之后的C3+烃类的第五料流
110–第二精馏塔(12)之后的富含CO2的第六料流
111–第二精馏塔(12)之后的富含甲烷的第七料流
112–富含烃类的返回料流
113–加热的第三料流
114–输出气体
115–分离第三料流之后被进料至喷嘴分离器的富含烃类的返回料流
116–冷却的返回料流
117–第一料流和冷却的返回料流的混合物
118–被进料至喷嘴分离器用于3S分离的贫乏CO2的料流
119–被进料至第一精馏塔的返回的富含CO2的料流
120–取自第一精馏塔的液体级分
121–返回至第一精馏塔的加热的料流
122–富含CO2的输出料流。
具体实施方式
该方法可以如下实施。
初始气态混合物(101)(例如，天然气)被第一压缩器(1)压缩，并在脱水单元(2)中脱水。然后，产生的混合物(102)接连在第一热交换器(3)、冷却器(4)和第二热交换器(5)中被冷却。具有低于-40℃，优选地大约-49℃的温度的产生的料流(103)穿过阀(6)并被膨胀，从而获得大约-62℃的温度。冷却的料流(104)被进料至第一精馏塔(7)，其中产生了富含烃类的第一料流(105)和包括溶解在CO2中的烃类的第二料流(106)。为了另外加热该塔的下部，使用泵将液体级分(120)的一部分由所述塔泵出、通过热交换器(3)和(5)，并且，由此产生的加热的料流(121)被返回至第一精馏塔(7)。
在穿过混合器(8)和分离器(9)(它们的操作将在下文描述)之后，第一料流(105)的组分被进料至喷嘴分离器(11)(3S分离器)；并且第一料流(105)的组分(如料流(118)中所包含的组分)在喷嘴中形成的涡旋的气-液料流中被分离为贫乏比甲烷重的组分(即，富含甲烷)的第三料流(107)和富含这些比甲烷重的组分的第四料流(108)。喷嘴(3S)分离器的结构实现和操作原理被详细地公开在例如俄罗斯专利2167374号中。
包括大约95％甲烷的第三料流(107)穿过第三热交换器(13)和第一热交换器(3)而被加热，目的在于产生料流(113)，并且在穿过第二压缩器(14)的同时被分离为两个部分。一部分(114)(大约70％)被用作输出气体，而另一部分(115)在第三热交换器(13)中被冷却，所述冷却的料流(116)被进料至混合器(8)，其中所述冷却的料流(116)与第一料流(105)混合。第三料流的返回部分(116)被用于冷却气态混合物。产生的第一料流和冷却的返回料流的混合物(117)被进料至另外的分离器(9)(例如，气旋或格栅式)，其中所述第一料流和冷却的返回料流的混合物(117)被分离成富含CO2的料流(119)和贫乏该组分的料流(118)。贫乏CO2的料流(118)被定向至喷嘴分离器(11)(参见上文)，而富含CO2的料流(119)被返回至第一精馏塔(7)的上部。
富含比甲烷重的组分的第四料流(108)与包括溶解在CO2中的烃类的第二料流(106)被进料至第二精馏塔(12)。
在料流(108)和(106)穿过第二精馏塔(12)之后，从其下部提取富含C3+烃类(丙烷及更高级烃)的第五料流(109)和富含CO2的第六料流(110)。料流(109)是终产物(WFLH)。为了产生它，取自第二精馏塔的液体在加热器(18)中被加热。液体的一部分被返回到塔中，而另一部分被用作终产物WFLH(料流109)。第六料流(110)穿过第二热交换器(5)和第一热交换器(3)用于产生富含CO2的输出料流(122)。
从第二精馏塔(12)的上部获得富含甲烷也包括乙烷的第七料流(111)。第七料流(111)在热交换器(5)和(3)中被冷却，并且通过将返回料流(112)与初始气态混合物(101)混合而被定向至处理过程的开始，定向至脱水步骤。
为了另外加热第二精馏塔(12)的下部，使用泵(16)将液体的一部分泵送穿过热交换器(5)和(3)，并且产生的加热的料流被返回到第二精馏塔中。
实施该方法的实施例。
按照上文描述的示意图来实施该方法。
图1中所示的料流的参数在表1、2和3中给出。
结果表明，产生了包括94.6％的甲烷的商品天然气(commodity gas)(114)和终产品WFLH(109)，所述终产品(109)包括26.9％的乙烷、37.2％的丙烷、8％的异丁烷、15％的正丁烷、3.2％的异戊烷和3.7％的正戊烷。此外，富含CO2并作为将被处理的气体的输出料流(122)仅包括1.1％的甲烷。
按照类似的方案，将被处理的气体包括大约3.4％的甲烷以及轻质С3+烃类。
因此，相比于类似方案，要求保护的方法能够减少目标组分的损失。此外，所提供的过程示意图能够以高生产率和高效热回收来实施该方法，所述高生产率和高效热回收提高了方法的效率。
表1
表2
表3

Claims (7)

1.一种用于分离含烃气态混合物(101)的方法，包括以下步骤：
a)将气态混合物(101)脱水，
b)将所述气态混合物冷却，
c)使所述气态混合物穿过第一精馏塔(7)，从而产生富含烃类的第一料流(105)和包括溶解在CO2中的烃类的第二料流(106)，
d)在第一料流(105)组分在喷嘴中涡旋并同时扩展时，分离所述第一料流(105)组分，以用于产生贫乏比甲烷重的组分的第三料流(107)和富含所述比甲烷重的组分的第四料流(108)，
e)加热所述第三料流(107)，
f)使用所述第三料流(107)的一部分作为输出气体(114)，
g)将所述第三料流(107)的另一部分(115)冷却，将其与所述第一料流(105)混合，并且将由此产生的第一料流和冷却的返回料流的混合物(117)的至少一部分进料至所述步骤(d)，
h)将所述第二料流(106)和所述第四料流(108)进料到第二精馏塔(12)中，用于产生富含C3+烃类的第五料流(109)、富含CO2的第六料流(110)以及富含甲烷的第七料流(111)，
i)将所述第七料流(111)与初始气态混合物(101)混合并进料至所述步骤(a)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在所述步骤(d)之前，将所述第一料流和冷却的返回料流的混合物(117)分离成富含CO2的料流(119)和贫乏CO2的料流(118)，所述贫乏CO2的料流(118)被进料以用于所述步骤(d)中的分离，并且使所述富含CO2的料流(119)返回至所述第一精馏塔(7)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，来自所述第一精馏塔(7)的液体级分(120)的一部分通过使用如用于冷却所述初始气态混合物(101)的热交换器(5，3)进行加热，并且返回至所述第一精馏塔(7)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，来自所述第二精馏塔(12)的液体级分的一部分通过使用如用于冷却所述初始气态混合物(101)的热交换器(5，3)进行加热，并且返回至所述第二精馏塔(12)。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其中，富含CO2的所述第六料流(110)通过使用如用于冷却所述初始气态混合物(101)的热交换器(5，3)进行加热，并且进行处理。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其中，在所述步骤(e)中的所述第三料流(107)的加热和在所述步骤(g)中的所述第三料流(107)的一部分的冷却是在单个热交换器(13)中进行的。
7.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其中，将所述初始气态混合物在所述步骤(b)中冷却至低于-40°С的温度。
CN201580066928.2A 2014-10-10 2015-09-16 分离含烃气态混合物的方法 Active CN107003066B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2014140948/05A RU2568215C1 (ru) 2014-10-10 2014-10-10 Способ разделения углеводородсодержащей газовой смеси
RU2014140948 2014-10-10
PCT/RU2015/000581 WO2016056946A1 (ru) 2014-10-10 2015-09-16 Способ разделения углеводородсодержащей газовой смеси

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107003066A CN107003066A (zh) 2017-08-01
CN107003066B true CN107003066B (zh) 2019-07-19

Family

ID=54537370

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201580066928.2A Active CN107003066B (zh) 2014-10-10 2015-09-16 分离含烃气态混合物的方法

Country Status (5)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107003066B (zh)
BR (1) BR112017007264B1 (zh)
MY (1) MY179523A (zh)
RU (1) RU2568215C1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2016056946A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3339277A1 (de) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-27 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung eines olefins
CN108800753B (zh) * 2018-06-05 2022-05-24 北京恒泰洁能科技有限公司 甲醇制烯烃甲烷尾气制取天然气和氢气的方法
US11835183B1 (en) 2023-02-01 2023-12-05 Flowserve Management Company Booster-ejector system for capturing and recycling leakage fluids

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4675035A (en) * 1986-02-24 1987-06-23 Apffel Fred P Carbon dioxide absorption methanol process
RU2167374C1 (ru) * 2000-01-13 2001-05-20 Алферов Вадим Иванович Устройство для сжижения газа
CN101124447A (zh) * 2005-02-24 2008-02-13 缠绕机公司 冷却天然气物流并分离冷却的物流成各种馏分的方法与系统
WO2013119142A1 (ru) * 2012-02-10 2013-08-15 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Аэрогаз" Способ разделения смеси газов

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1256062B (it) * 1992-11-20 1995-11-23 Snam Progetti Procedimento per l'ottenimento di correnti di metanolo, etanolo, n-propanolo,isobutanolo,utilizzabili soprattutto nella preparazione diprodotti alto ottanici, da miscele contenenti detti alcoli con acqua ed altri composti bassobollenti e altobollenti
IT1271310B (it) * 1994-12-21 1997-05-27 Snam Progetti Procedimento per l'ottenimento di correnti distinte di metanolo ed etanolo,di n-propanolo,di isobutanolo,impiegabili nella sintesi di prodotti alto ottanici,da miscele contenti detti alcoli con acqua ed altri composti bassobollenti e altobollenti
FR2959512B1 (fr) * 2010-04-29 2012-06-29 Total Sa Procede de traitement d'un gaz naturel contenant du dioxyde de carbone

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4675035A (en) * 1986-02-24 1987-06-23 Apffel Fred P Carbon dioxide absorption methanol process
RU2167374C1 (ru) * 2000-01-13 2001-05-20 Алферов Вадим Иванович Устройство для сжижения газа
CN101124447A (zh) * 2005-02-24 2008-02-13 缠绕机公司 冷却天然气物流并分离冷却的物流成各种馏分的方法与系统
WO2013119142A1 (ru) * 2012-02-10 2013-08-15 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Аэрогаз" Способ разделения смеси газов

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MY179523A (en) 2020-11-10
RU2568215C1 (ru) 2015-11-10
CN107003066A (zh) 2017-08-01
WO2016056946A1 (ru) 2016-04-14
BR112017007264A2 (pt) 2018-01-16
BR112017007264B1 (pt) 2022-07-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101824344B (zh) 氮去除和等压开放式制冷的天然气液回收
US20200208911A1 (en) Method for producing a methane-rich stream and a c2+ hydrocarbon-rich stream, and associated equipment
US10760851B2 (en) Simplified method for producing a methane-rich stream and a C2+ hydrocarbon-rich fraction from a feed natural-gas stream, and associated facility
US10641548B2 (en) Process for producing liquefied natural gas
AU2015227466B2 (en) Single-unit gas separation process having expanded, post-separation vent stream
CN107003066B (zh) 分离含烃气态混合物的方法
US20150153101A1 (en) Method for producing a treated natural gas, a cut rich in c3+ hydrocarbons and optionally an ethane-rich stream, and associated facility
US20170363351A1 (en) Method and apparatus for separating a feed gas containing at least 20 mol % of co2 and at least 20 mol % of methane, by partial condensation and/or by distillation
RU2614947C1 (ru) Способ переработки природного газа с извлечением С2+ и установка для его осуществления
WO2008122556A3 (en) Method and apparatus for separating one or more c2+ hydrocarbons from a mixed phase hydrocarbon stream
AU2014265950B2 (en) Methods for separating hydrocarbon gases
CN105135820B (zh) 利用含空气瓦斯制取lng的方法以及系统
CN103822438B (zh) 一种浅冷轻烃回收工艺方法
CN104246400B (zh) 用于分馏裂化气流以获取富乙烯馏分和燃料流的分馏方法以及相关的设备
EA035004B1 (ru) Возврат флегмы в колоннах для деметанирования
EP3479037B1 (en) System and method for producing liquefied natural gas
US10899614B2 (en) Method and apparatus for producing a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen
AU2016324362B2 (en) A method of preparing natural gas to produce liquid natural gas (LNG)
WO2010040735A2 (en) Methods of treating a hydrocarbon stream and apparatus therefor
EA201400841A1 (ru) Способ разделения смеси газов
US20130340473A1 (en) Method for producing a c3+ hydrocarbon-rich fraction and a methane- and ethane-rich stream from a hydrocarbon-rich feed stream, and related facility
RU2525759C2 (ru) Способ частичного сжижения природного газа (варианты)
KR101600188B1 (ko) 액상 천연가스 회수 시스템 및 이를 이용한 액상 천연가스 회수방법
RU2006117841A (ru) Способ низкотемпературного разделения содержащего углеводороды массопотока
RU2543255C2 (ru) Способ частичного сжижения природного газа (варианты)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant