CN106982694A - A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield - Google Patents
A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN106982694A CN106982694A CN201710111943.5A CN201710111943A CN106982694A CN 106982694 A CN106982694 A CN 106982694A CN 201710111943 A CN201710111943 A CN 201710111943A CN 106982694 A CN106982694 A CN 106982694A
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- humidity
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000907663 Siproeta stelenes Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010062085 ligninase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000070406 Malus silvestris Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000581835 Monodora junodii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000013738 Sleep Initiation and Maintenance disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006408 female gonad development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010022437 insomnia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, the method that specifically related to a kind of apple cultivation phase improves yield, apple tree entered before the florescence, artificial control plowed soils humidity is 50 52%, apple tree entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is 44 47%, after apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is 66 68%, Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, the present invention is logical can to significantly improve apple flowering rate, fruiting rate, and nutritious substances accumulation amount during fruit growth, there is obvious effect to improving apple production and quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, and in particular to a kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield.
Background technology
Apple is the fruit of rose family Malus, is common fruit, is also most common fruit, rich in abundant
Nutrition, is the big fruit in the world four(Apple, grape, citrus and banana)Hat.Pulp is clear and melodious fragrant and sweet, can help digest.Through often to eat
With also have reduction cholesterol, reduce blood pressure, pre- anti-cancer, reinforcing bone, it is anti-oxidant, treatment insomnia the effects such as, China is generation
More than the 40% of maximum apple production state and country of consumption in boundary, cultivated area of the apple and yield Jun Zhan worlds total amount, in world's apple
Occupy critical role in fruit industry.
Current apple cultivation, which is relied primarily on, to be increased fertilizer to improve yield, but increases effect year after year no longer substantially, and
And fertilising material can cause soil hardening, salinization of soil excessively, fruit quality declines.
The content of the invention
To solve the problem of existing apple volume increase is difficult, improve and produce it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of apple cultivation phase
The method of amount.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is, a kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield, specifically:
(1)Apple tree entered before the florescence 10-15 days, orchard soil was manually turned over to 20-30cm depths, and will turn over native harrow broken to grain
Footpath is less than 2cm, before the florescence is entered, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 50-52%;
(2)Apple tree entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 44-47%;
(3)After apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 66-68%;
(4)Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, and 5 days are a cycle period, first 3 days in cyclic process
Artificial control plowed soils humidity manually controls plowed soils humidity in 35-38% in remaining 2 days in 83-85%, cyclic process.
Wherein, avoid injuring apple root during turning over;
Wherein, during artificial control plowed soils humidity, plowed soils humidity is increased by pouring rotten wood hydrolyzate into soil,
Place fluffy bagasse to reduce plowed soils humidity by digging cave in plowed soils, and in cave;
Wherein, when rotten wood hydrolyzate makes, rotten wood and water are pressed 1:1000 weight adds salt acid for adjusting pH to 4- than mixing
4.2, it is gradually heating to 98-100 DEG C, programming rate is artificial in 2-3 DEG C/min, temperature-rise period to be stirred continuously water body, stirring speed
Rate is 20-25r/min, when temperature reaches 98-100 DEG C, isothermal holding 10-12 minutes, then is cooled to 30-35 DEG C, into water body
Handled 100-110 minutes by 2% weight than adding ligninase, insulated and stirred, stir speed (S.S.) is 50-60r/min, filtration is obtained
Rotten wood hydrolyzate;
When the fluffy bagasse makes, bagasse and malachite, hydrochloric acid, water are pressed into 8-10:1:2:500 weight ratio is well mixed,
At 0.2-0.3Mpa, 10-15 DEG C, by CO2Gas is passed through wherein, and venting flow rate is 0.1-0.15L/min, Continuous aeration 50-
60 minutes, bagasse is separated, dried under hot blast to water content in 8-10%, obtain fluffy bagasse;
Fluffy bagasse is fitted into gauze bag, you can use.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention, can by the humidity of 20-30cm depths soil during controlling apple cultivation
Nutritious substances accumulation amount during apple flowering rate, fruiting rate and fruit growth is significantly improved, to improving apple production and quality
There is obvious effect;
Wherein, apple entered before the florescence, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 50-52%, it is possible to increase the photosynthetic work of apple plants
It is florescence storage adequate nutrients with ability, beneficial to forming a large amount of, healthy bud;
Apple entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, and artificial control plowed soils humidity can promote tree body to accumulate gibberellin in 44-47%
Deng endogenous hormones, pollen tube growth, ovary development are stimulated, and then improve percentage of fertile fruit;
After apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 66-68%, it is possible to increase root system of the apple activity, strengthens root system nutrition
Transmission performance is absorbed, promotes young fruit to expand rapidly;
Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, and 5 days are cycle period, in cyclic process first 3 days it is artificial
Control plowed soils humidity remaining 2 days artificial control plowed soils humidity in 83-85%, cyclic process in 35-38%, can promote
Enter the accumulation of solid content in Apple, and reduce fruit acidity, improve apple edibility;
The special rotten wood hydrolyzate of the present invention, pours in planting soil, can activate root system of the apple, promotes root system of the apple flourishing,
Increase root system of the apple secondary root and Gen Mao, improve the contact area of root system of the apple and soil, increase the absorption of root system;
Bagasse is soaked in the solution being mixed to get by malachite, hydrochloric acid, water again through logical CO2Processing can improve the fluffy of bagasse
Degree and water absorbing properties, the bagasse water imbibition obtained through handling are extremely strong, every square metre of configuration 40-50g bagasse energy in 60-80 minutes
Soil moisture is reduced by more than 10%;Resulting bagasse can also be recycled.
Embodiment
A kind of method that embodiment 1, apple cultivation phase improve yield, specifically:
(1)Apple tree entered before the florescence 10 days, and it is deep that orchard soil manually turned over to 20cm, and will turn over native harrow broken to particle diameter and be less than
2cm, avoids injuring apple root during turning over, before the florescence is entered, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is 50%;
(2)Apple tree entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is 44%;
(3)After apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is 66%;
(4)Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, and 5 days are a cycle period, first 3 days in cyclic process
Artificial control plowed soils humidity manually controls plowed soils humidity 35% in remaining 2 days in 83%, cyclic process.
Wherein, during artificial control plowed soils humidity, plowed soils is increased by pouring rotten wood hydrolyzate into soil
Humidity, places fluffy bagasse to reduce plowed soils humidity by digging cave in plowed soils, and in cave;
Wherein, when rotten wood hydrolyzate makes, rotten wood and water are pressed 1:1000 weight is than mixing, addition salt acid for adjusting pH to 4, by
Gradually it is warming up to 98 DEG C, programming rate is manually to be stirred continuously water body in 2 DEG C/min, temperature-rise period, and stir speed (S.S.) is 20r/min,
When temperature reaches 98 DEG C, isothermal holding 10 minutes, then 30 DEG C are cooled to, the weight into water body by 2% is protected than adding ligninase
Warm stir process 100 minutes, stir speed (S.S.) is 50r/min, filtration, obtains rotten wood hydrolyzate;
When the fluffy bagasse makes, bagasse and malachite, hydrochloric acid, water are pressed 8:1:2:500 weight ratio is well mixed,
0.2Mpa, at 10 DEG C, by CO2Gas is passed through wherein, and venting flow rate is 0.1L/min, and Continuous aeration 50 minutes separates bagasse,
Dried under hot blast to water content 8%, obtain fluffy bagasse;Fluffy bagasse is fitted into gauze bag, you can use.
A kind of method that embodiment 2, apple cultivation phase improve yield, specifically:
(1)Apple tree entered before the florescence 15 days, and it is deep that orchard soil manually turned over to 30cm, and will turn over native harrow broken to particle diameter and be less than
2cm, avoids injuring apple root during turning over, before the florescence is entered, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is 52%;
(2)Apple tree entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is 47%;
(3)After apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is 68%;
(4)Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, and 5 days are a cycle period, first 3 days in cyclic process
Artificial control plowed soils humidity manually controls plowed soils humidity 38% in remaining 2 days in 85%, cyclic process.
Wherein, during artificial control plowed soils humidity, plowed soils is increased by pouring rotten wood hydrolyzate into soil
Humidity, places fluffy bagasse to reduce plowed soils humidity by digging cave in plowed soils, and in cave;
Wherein, when rotten wood hydrolyzate makes, rotten wood and water are pressed 1:1000 weight adds salt acid for adjusting pH to 4.2 than mixing,
It is gradually heating to 100 DEG C, programming rate is manually to be stirred continuously water body in 3 DEG C/min, temperature-rise period, and stir speed (S.S.) is 25r/
Min, when temperature reaches 100 DEG C, isothermal holding 12 minutes, then 35 DEG C are cooled to, it is more wooden than adding by 2% weight into water body
Enzyme, insulated and stirred is handled 110 minutes, and stir speed (S.S.) is 60r/min, filtration, obtains rotten wood hydrolyzate;
When the fluffy bagasse makes, bagasse and malachite, hydrochloric acid, water are pressed 10:1:2:500 weight ratio is well mixed,
0.3Mpa, at 15 DEG C, by CO2Gas is passed through wherein, and venting flow rate is 0.15L/min, Continuous aeration 60 minutes, by bagasse point
From drying obtains fluffy bagasse to water content 10% under hot blast;Fluffy bagasse is fitted into gauze bag, you can use.
Below in conjunction with specific plantation contrast test, the present invention will be described:
Test material:Examination is Fuji apple for apple tree kind, and experiment apple tree selects from same orchard, be growing way it is identical, upper one
5 years green apple trees that annual production is close, health is disease-free, 200 altogether, by the apple tree selected be randomly divided into experimental group,
Conventional group, every group 100 plants;
Test and carried out in 2016 in Feixi County Shang Pai towns;
Wherein, experimental group carries out Cultivate administration according to the mode of embodiment 3;
Conventional group is managed according to conventional apple tree planting patterns;
Wherein, experimental group, conventional group fertilization mode, fertilization type and dose all same during testing, daily management are also equal
It is identical;The annual strain yield of each group apple tree 16 is counted, each group produces average solid content, the titratable acid of fruit in apple
Degree, as a result see the table below 1:
| Group | Average strain yield(kg) | Average solid content(%) | Average titrable acidity(%) |
| Experimental group | 225 | 20.5 | 0.20 |
| Conventional group | 194 | 17.3 | 0.33 |
As shown in Table 1, on the basis of general planting, reed time controll soil moisture can significantly improve apple strain yield, and to carrying
High apple nutritive value, increase apple acidity have notable help.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield, it is characterised in that specific:
(1)Apple tree entered before the florescence 10-15 days, orchard soil was manually turned over to 20-30cm depths, and will turn over native harrow broken to grain
Footpath is less than 2cm, before the florescence is entered, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 50-52%;
(2)Apple tree entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 44-47%;
(3)After apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 66-68%;
(4)Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, and 5 days are a cycle period, first 3 days in cyclic process
Artificial control plowed soils humidity manually controls plowed soils humidity in 35-38% in remaining 2 days in 83-85%, cyclic process.
2. the method that a kind of apple cultivation phase according to claim 1 improves yield, it is characterised in that
Avoid injuring apple root during turning over.
3. the method that a kind of apple cultivation phase according to claim 1 improves yield, it is characterised in that
During artificial control plowed soils humidity, increase plowed soils humidity by pouring rotten wood hydrolyzate into soil, pass through
Cave is dug in plowed soils, and places fluffy bagasse to reduce plowed soils humidity in cave.
4. the method that a kind of apple cultivation phase according to claim 3 improves yield, it is characterised in that
When rotten wood hydrolyzate makes, rotten wood and water are pressed 1:1000 weight is than mixing, addition salt acid for adjusting pH to 4-4.2, by
Gradually it is warming up to 98-100 DEG C, programming rate is manually to be stirred continuously water body in 2-3 DEG C/min, temperature-rise period, and stir speed (S.S.) is 20-
25r/min, when temperature reaches 98-100 DEG C, isothermal holding 10-12 minutes, then 30-35 DEG C is cooled to, 2% weight is pressed into water body
Amount is handled 100-110 minutes than adding ligninase, insulated and stirred, and stir speed (S.S.) is 50-60r/min, and filtration obtains rotten wood hydrolysis
Liquid.
5. the method that a kind of apple cultivation phase according to claim 3 improves yield, it is characterised in that
When the fluffy bagasse makes, bagasse and malachite, hydrochloric acid, water are pressed into 8-10:1:2:500 weight ratio is well mixed,
At 0.2-0.3Mpa, 10-15 DEG C, by CO2Gas is passed through wherein, and venting flow rate is 0.1-0.15L/min, Continuous aeration 50-
60 minutes, bagasse is separated, dried under hot blast to water content in 8-10%, obtain fluffy bagasse.
6. the method that a kind of apple cultivation phase according to claim 3 or 5 improves yield, it is characterised in that
Fluffy bagasse is fitted into gauze bag, you can use.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710111943.5A CN106982694A (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2017-02-28 | A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710111943.5A CN106982694A (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2017-02-28 | A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106982694A true CN106982694A (en) | 2017-07-28 |
Family
ID=59411528
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| CN201710111943.5A Pending CN106982694A (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2017-02-28 | A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101904241A (en) * | 2010-07-11 | 2010-12-08 | 山东农业大学 | Partial optimization of root layer fertilization method for apples |
| CN101986817A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-23 | 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 | Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple |
| CN101986819A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-23 | 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 | Method for culturing potted Gala apple tree |
| CN103931456A (en) * | 2014-03-22 | 2014-07-23 | 陈学好 | Method for planting apple trees |
-
2017
- 2017-02-28 CN CN201710111943.5A patent/CN106982694A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101986817A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-23 | 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 | Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple |
| CN101986819A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-23 | 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 | Method for culturing potted Gala apple tree |
| CN101904241A (en) * | 2010-07-11 | 2010-12-08 | 山东农业大学 | Partial optimization of root layer fertilization method for apples |
| CN103931456A (en) * | 2014-03-22 | 2014-07-23 | 陈学好 | Method for planting apple trees |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘宝素等: "红富士苹果"三优"栽培技术模式", 《河北果树》 * |
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Application publication date: 20170728 |