CN106982694A - A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield - Google Patents

A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106982694A
CN106982694A CN201710111943.5A CN201710111943A CN106982694A CN 106982694 A CN106982694 A CN 106982694A CN 201710111943 A CN201710111943 A CN 201710111943A CN 106982694 A CN106982694 A CN 106982694A
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apple
plowed soils
bagasse
humidity
artificial control
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CN201710111943.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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吕强
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Individual
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, the method that specifically related to a kind of apple cultivation phase improves yield, apple tree entered before the florescence, artificial control plowed soils humidity is 50 52%, apple tree entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is 44 47%, after apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is 66 68%, Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, the present invention is logical can to significantly improve apple flowering rate, fruiting rate, and nutritious substances accumulation amount during fruit growth, there is obvious effect to improving apple production and quality.

Description

A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, and in particular to a kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield.
Background technology
Apple is the fruit of rose family Malus, is common fruit, is also most common fruit, rich in abundant Nutrition, is the big fruit in the world four(Apple, grape, citrus and banana)Hat.Pulp is clear and melodious fragrant and sweet, can help digest.Through often to eat With also have reduction cholesterol, reduce blood pressure, pre- anti-cancer, reinforcing bone, it is anti-oxidant, treatment insomnia the effects such as, China is generation More than the 40% of maximum apple production state and country of consumption in boundary, cultivated area of the apple and yield Jun Zhan worlds total amount, in world's apple Occupy critical role in fruit industry.
Current apple cultivation, which is relied primarily on, to be increased fertilizer to improve yield, but increases effect year after year no longer substantially, and And fertilising material can cause soil hardening, salinization of soil excessively, fruit quality declines.
The content of the invention
To solve the problem of existing apple volume increase is difficult, improve and produce it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of apple cultivation phase The method of amount.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is, a kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield, specifically:
(1)Apple tree entered before the florescence 10-15 days, orchard soil was manually turned over to 20-30cm depths, and will turn over native harrow broken to grain Footpath is less than 2cm, before the florescence is entered, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 50-52%;
(2)Apple tree entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 44-47%;
(3)After apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 66-68%;
(4)Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, and 5 days are a cycle period, first 3 days in cyclic process Artificial control plowed soils humidity manually controls plowed soils humidity in 35-38% in remaining 2 days in 83-85%, cyclic process.
Wherein, avoid injuring apple root during turning over;
Wherein, during artificial control plowed soils humidity, plowed soils humidity is increased by pouring rotten wood hydrolyzate into soil, Place fluffy bagasse to reduce plowed soils humidity by digging cave in plowed soils, and in cave;
Wherein, when rotten wood hydrolyzate makes, rotten wood and water are pressed 1:1000 weight adds salt acid for adjusting pH to 4- than mixing 4.2, it is gradually heating to 98-100 DEG C, programming rate is artificial in 2-3 DEG C/min, temperature-rise period to be stirred continuously water body, stirring speed Rate is 20-25r/min, when temperature reaches 98-100 DEG C, isothermal holding 10-12 minutes, then is cooled to 30-35 DEG C, into water body Handled 100-110 minutes by 2% weight than adding ligninase, insulated and stirred, stir speed (S.S.) is 50-60r/min, filtration is obtained Rotten wood hydrolyzate;
When the fluffy bagasse makes, bagasse and malachite, hydrochloric acid, water are pressed into 8-10:1:2:500 weight ratio is well mixed, At 0.2-0.3Mpa, 10-15 DEG C, by CO2Gas is passed through wherein, and venting flow rate is 0.1-0.15L/min, Continuous aeration 50- 60 minutes, bagasse is separated, dried under hot blast to water content in 8-10%, obtain fluffy bagasse;
Fluffy bagasse is fitted into gauze bag, you can use.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention, can by the humidity of 20-30cm depths soil during controlling apple cultivation Nutritious substances accumulation amount during apple flowering rate, fruiting rate and fruit growth is significantly improved, to improving apple production and quality There is obvious effect;
Wherein, apple entered before the florescence, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 50-52%, it is possible to increase the photosynthetic work of apple plants It is florescence storage adequate nutrients with ability, beneficial to forming a large amount of, healthy bud;
Apple entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, and artificial control plowed soils humidity can promote tree body to accumulate gibberellin in 44-47% Deng endogenous hormones, pollen tube growth, ovary development are stimulated, and then improve percentage of fertile fruit;
After apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 66-68%, it is possible to increase root system of the apple activity, strengthens root system nutrition Transmission performance is absorbed, promotes young fruit to expand rapidly;
Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, and 5 days are cycle period, in cyclic process first 3 days it is artificial Control plowed soils humidity remaining 2 days artificial control plowed soils humidity in 83-85%, cyclic process in 35-38%, can promote Enter the accumulation of solid content in Apple, and reduce fruit acidity, improve apple edibility;
The special rotten wood hydrolyzate of the present invention, pours in planting soil, can activate root system of the apple, promotes root system of the apple flourishing, Increase root system of the apple secondary root and Gen Mao, improve the contact area of root system of the apple and soil, increase the absorption of root system;
Bagasse is soaked in the solution being mixed to get by malachite, hydrochloric acid, water again through logical CO2Processing can improve the fluffy of bagasse Degree and water absorbing properties, the bagasse water imbibition obtained through handling are extremely strong, every square metre of configuration 40-50g bagasse energy in 60-80 minutes Soil moisture is reduced by more than 10%;Resulting bagasse can also be recycled.
Embodiment
A kind of method that embodiment 1, apple cultivation phase improve yield, specifically:
(1)Apple tree entered before the florescence 10 days, and it is deep that orchard soil manually turned over to 20cm, and will turn over native harrow broken to particle diameter and be less than 2cm, avoids injuring apple root during turning over, before the florescence is entered, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is 50%;
(2)Apple tree entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is 44%;
(3)After apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is 66%;
(4)Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, and 5 days are a cycle period, first 3 days in cyclic process Artificial control plowed soils humidity manually controls plowed soils humidity 35% in remaining 2 days in 83%, cyclic process.
Wherein, during artificial control plowed soils humidity, plowed soils is increased by pouring rotten wood hydrolyzate into soil Humidity, places fluffy bagasse to reduce plowed soils humidity by digging cave in plowed soils, and in cave;
Wherein, when rotten wood hydrolyzate makes, rotten wood and water are pressed 1:1000 weight is than mixing, addition salt acid for adjusting pH to 4, by Gradually it is warming up to 98 DEG C, programming rate is manually to be stirred continuously water body in 2 DEG C/min, temperature-rise period, and stir speed (S.S.) is 20r/min, When temperature reaches 98 DEG C, isothermal holding 10 minutes, then 30 DEG C are cooled to, the weight into water body by 2% is protected than adding ligninase Warm stir process 100 minutes, stir speed (S.S.) is 50r/min, filtration, obtains rotten wood hydrolyzate;
When the fluffy bagasse makes, bagasse and malachite, hydrochloric acid, water are pressed 8:1:2:500 weight ratio is well mixed, 0.2Mpa, at 10 DEG C, by CO2Gas is passed through wherein, and venting flow rate is 0.1L/min, and Continuous aeration 50 minutes separates bagasse, Dried under hot blast to water content 8%, obtain fluffy bagasse;Fluffy bagasse is fitted into gauze bag, you can use.
A kind of method that embodiment 2, apple cultivation phase improve yield, specifically:
(1)Apple tree entered before the florescence 15 days, and it is deep that orchard soil manually turned over to 30cm, and will turn over native harrow broken to particle diameter and be less than 2cm, avoids injuring apple root during turning over, before the florescence is entered, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is 52%;
(2)Apple tree entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is 47%;
(3)After apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is 68%;
(4)Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, and 5 days are a cycle period, first 3 days in cyclic process Artificial control plowed soils humidity manually controls plowed soils humidity 38% in remaining 2 days in 85%, cyclic process.
Wherein, during artificial control plowed soils humidity, plowed soils is increased by pouring rotten wood hydrolyzate into soil Humidity, places fluffy bagasse to reduce plowed soils humidity by digging cave in plowed soils, and in cave;
Wherein, when rotten wood hydrolyzate makes, rotten wood and water are pressed 1:1000 weight adds salt acid for adjusting pH to 4.2 than mixing, It is gradually heating to 100 DEG C, programming rate is manually to be stirred continuously water body in 3 DEG C/min, temperature-rise period, and stir speed (S.S.) is 25r/ Min, when temperature reaches 100 DEG C, isothermal holding 12 minutes, then 35 DEG C are cooled to, it is more wooden than adding by 2% weight into water body Enzyme, insulated and stirred is handled 110 minutes, and stir speed (S.S.) is 60r/min, filtration, obtains rotten wood hydrolyzate;
When the fluffy bagasse makes, bagasse and malachite, hydrochloric acid, water are pressed 10:1:2:500 weight ratio is well mixed, 0.3Mpa, at 15 DEG C, by CO2Gas is passed through wherein, and venting flow rate is 0.15L/min, Continuous aeration 60 minutes, by bagasse point From drying obtains fluffy bagasse to water content 10% under hot blast;Fluffy bagasse is fitted into gauze bag, you can use.
Below in conjunction with specific plantation contrast test, the present invention will be described:
Test material:Examination is Fuji apple for apple tree kind, and experiment apple tree selects from same orchard, be growing way it is identical, upper one 5 years green apple trees that annual production is close, health is disease-free, 200 altogether, by the apple tree selected be randomly divided into experimental group, Conventional group, every group 100 plants;
Test and carried out in 2016 in Feixi County Shang Pai towns;
Wherein, experimental group carries out Cultivate administration according to the mode of embodiment 3;
Conventional group is managed according to conventional apple tree planting patterns;
Wherein, experimental group, conventional group fertilization mode, fertilization type and dose all same during testing, daily management are also equal It is identical;The annual strain yield of each group apple tree 16 is counted, each group produces average solid content, the titratable acid of fruit in apple Degree, as a result see the table below 1:
Group Average strain yield(kg) Average solid content(%) Average titrable acidity(%)
Experimental group 225 20.5 0.20
Conventional group 194 17.3 0.33
As shown in Table 1, on the basis of general planting, reed time controll soil moisture can significantly improve apple strain yield, and to carrying High apple nutritive value, increase apple acidity have notable help.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield, it is characterised in that specific:
(1)Apple tree entered before the florescence 10-15 days, orchard soil was manually turned over to 20-30cm depths, and will turn over native harrow broken to grain Footpath is less than 2cm, before the florescence is entered, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 50-52%;
(2)Apple tree entered after the florescence, before bearing fruit, and artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 44-47%;
(3)After apple is born fruit, artificial control plowed soils humidity is in 66-68%;
(4)Apples footpath is more than after 2cm, loop control soil moisture, and 5 days are a cycle period, first 3 days in cyclic process Artificial control plowed soils humidity manually controls plowed soils humidity in 35-38% in remaining 2 days in 83-85%, cyclic process.
2. the method that a kind of apple cultivation phase according to claim 1 improves yield, it is characterised in that
Avoid injuring apple root during turning over.
3. the method that a kind of apple cultivation phase according to claim 1 improves yield, it is characterised in that
During artificial control plowed soils humidity, increase plowed soils humidity by pouring rotten wood hydrolyzate into soil, pass through Cave is dug in plowed soils, and places fluffy bagasse to reduce plowed soils humidity in cave.
4. the method that a kind of apple cultivation phase according to claim 3 improves yield, it is characterised in that
When rotten wood hydrolyzate makes, rotten wood and water are pressed 1:1000 weight is than mixing, addition salt acid for adjusting pH to 4-4.2, by Gradually it is warming up to 98-100 DEG C, programming rate is manually to be stirred continuously water body in 2-3 DEG C/min, temperature-rise period, and stir speed (S.S.) is 20- 25r/min, when temperature reaches 98-100 DEG C, isothermal holding 10-12 minutes, then 30-35 DEG C is cooled to, 2% weight is pressed into water body Amount is handled 100-110 minutes than adding ligninase, insulated and stirred, and stir speed (S.S.) is 50-60r/min, and filtration obtains rotten wood hydrolysis Liquid.
5. the method that a kind of apple cultivation phase according to claim 3 improves yield, it is characterised in that
When the fluffy bagasse makes, bagasse and malachite, hydrochloric acid, water are pressed into 8-10:1:2:500 weight ratio is well mixed, At 0.2-0.3Mpa, 10-15 DEG C, by CO2Gas is passed through wherein, and venting flow rate is 0.1-0.15L/min, Continuous aeration 50- 60 minutes, bagasse is separated, dried under hot blast to water content in 8-10%, obtain fluffy bagasse.
6. the method that a kind of apple cultivation phase according to claim 3 or 5 improves yield, it is characterised in that
Fluffy bagasse is fitted into gauze bag, you can use.
CN201710111943.5A 2017-02-28 2017-02-28 A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield Pending CN106982694A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101904241A (en) * 2010-07-11 2010-12-08 山东农业大学 Partial optimization of root layer fertilization method for apples
CN101986817A (en) * 2009-08-07 2011-03-23 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple
CN101986819A (en) * 2009-08-07 2011-03-23 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 Method for culturing potted Gala apple tree
CN103931456A (en) * 2014-03-22 2014-07-23 陈学好 Method for planting apple trees

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101986817A (en) * 2009-08-07 2011-03-23 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple
CN101986819A (en) * 2009-08-07 2011-03-23 北京都市垄上情农业发展有限公司 Method for culturing potted Gala apple tree
CN101904241A (en) * 2010-07-11 2010-12-08 山东农业大学 Partial optimization of root layer fertilization method for apples
CN103931456A (en) * 2014-03-22 2014-07-23 陈学好 Method for planting apple trees

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
刘宝素等: "红富士苹果"三优"栽培技术模式", 《河北果树》 *

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Application publication date: 20170728