CN106979521A - A kind of vertical-type garbage incinerator of use roll-type fire grate - Google Patents
A kind of vertical-type garbage incinerator of use roll-type fire grate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106979521A CN106979521A CN201610030018.5A CN201610030018A CN106979521A CN 106979521 A CN106979521 A CN 106979521A CN 201610030018 A CN201610030018 A CN 201610030018A CN 106979521 A CN106979521 A CN 106979521A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heater
- grate
- fire grate
- type
- roll
- Prior art date
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- 241001081830 Degeneriaceae Species 0.000 description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
- F23G5/05—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying using drying grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
- F23G2203/105—Furnace arrangements with endless chain or travelling grate
Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to treater of urban-area daily garbage technical field, especially with the vertical-type garbage incinerator of roll-type fire grate.
Background technology
Incineration treatment of garbage is last century emerging trash processing way, and it is maximally effective, most thoroughly to domestic waste volume reduction, innoxious, recycling processing.Waste incinerator is the nucleus equipment for realizing burning domestic garbage.In the last few years, the species of waste incinerator was a lot, and had carried out the operation of long period in some projects, but with the successive appearance of concerned countries and international standard, it will higher requirement is proposed to the refuse burning system run at present.
In the prior art, the MSW heating value of current China most cities is between 3000 kJ/kg ~ 6000kJ/kg, and in some higher areas, percent sand in rubbish is also higher, up to more than 40%, even if in areas such as relatively advanced Beijing, Shanghai, according to the data display that can be looked into recent years, MSW heating value is also only maintained above and below 6000kJ/kg.Existing various waste incinerator is all poorly suitable for above-mentioned low heat value, the processing of ash-rich house refuse.Burning disposal is carried out according to import incinerator, not only equipment cost is high, operating cost is high, and the burning quality of rubbish is also difficult to remain stable.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of vertical-type garbage incinerator of use roll-type fire grate.It adds roll-type fire grate, and using the level processing of backlayering bonus point, realizes continuous burning and the controlled burning of rubbish, meet the efficient burning of house refuse.
In order to reach foregoing invention purpose, technical scheme is realized as follows：
A kind of vertical-type garbage incinerator of use roll-type fire grate, it includes founding the heat-insulation layer and metallic framework of the body of heater of cylinder and body of heater periphery.It is structurally characterized in that the sidewall of the furnace body is sequentially provided with two corresponding resume combustion flues of position, two exhanst gas outlets one and two discharge flues from bottom to up, and charging aperture is arranged on the top of body of heater.The top of body of heater is bound for arch, and the top that arch binds is provided with exhanst gas outlet two vertically upward.Bottom of furnace body center is provided with tower comb grate, the lower section connection drive shaft of tower comb grate.Air inlet is provided with provided with slag notch below body of heater and on the side wall of slag notch.It is provided with the middle part of body of heater inner chamber near combustion grate, body of heater inner chamber upper feed inlet provided with dry fire grate.
In above-mentioned vertical-type garbage incinerator, the dry fire grate and combustion grate are rearranged by many fire bars, are dried fire grate and are formed an inclined material face according to the stove direction of entering of rubbish.
In above-mentioned vertical-type garbage incinerator, the fire bars includes columnar roller and its support member at two ends, and fire bars is fixed on sidewall of the furnace body by support member.The material of roller uses refractory ceramics, and roller surface is equipped with four row's wing parts, often arranges wing part and is arranged by helical curve.
In above-mentioned vertical-type garbage incinerator, the body of heater uses refractory brick material.
In above-mentioned vertical-type garbage incinerator, multiple temperature measuring points are designed with body of heater inner chamber and each flue.The body of heater intracavitary, resume combustion flue to the combustion zone between exhanst gas outlet one set multiple camera heads.
In above-mentioned vertical-type garbage incinerator, the resume combustion built in flue has heat radiation component.
The present invention based on vertical furnace, supplemented by layer combustion technology, is additionally arranged roll-type fire grate as a result of said structure, and the processing mode of multistage+layering is used in inner flue gas of the stove, continuous and the features such as burn controllable with burning.The present invention is applied to the processing to low heat value, ash-rich house refuse, is the product of a kind of the innoxious of house refuse, volume reduction and recycling treatment.The present invention proves that performance indications produce a desired effect through incineration experiment, and practicality is higher, ideal treatment effect.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fire bars in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the in-furnace temperature curve map in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention is using the vertical-type garbage incinerator of roll-type fire grate, and it includes founding the heat-insulation layer 14 and metallic framework 15 of the body of heater 13 of cylinder and the periphery of body of heater 13, and body of heater 13 uses refractory brick material.The side wall of body of heater 13 is sequentially provided with two corresponding resume combustion flues 4 of position, two exhanst gas outlets 1 and two discharge flues 9 from bottom to up, and resume combustion flue 4 is built-in with heat radiation component 5, and charging aperture 12 is arranged on the top of body of heater 13.The top of body of heater 13 is that arch binds 11, arch bind 11 top provided with exhanst gas outlet 2 10 vertically upward.The bottom centre of body of heater 13 is provided with tower comb grate 3, the lower section connection drive shaft 1 of tower comb grate 3.The lower section of body of heater 13 is provided with air inlet 2 provided with slag notch 16 and on the side wall of slag notch 16.Combustion grate 6 is provided with the middle part of the inner chamber of body of heater 13, the inner chamber upper feed inlet 12 of body of heater 13 is nearby provided with dry fire grate 8.Multiple temperature measuring points are designed with the inner chamber of body of heater 13 and each flue, the intracavitary of body of heater 13, resume combustion flue 4 to the combustion zone between exhanst gas outlet 1 set multiple camera heads.Drying fire grate 8 and combustion grate 6 is rearranged by many fire bars, is dried fire grate 8 and is made up of three fire bars and forms an inclined material face according to the stove direction of entering of rubbish.Fire bars includes columnar roller 17 and its support member 18 at two ends, and fire bars is fixed on the side wall of body of heater 13 by support member 18, and the material of roller 17 uses refractory ceramics.The surface of roller 17 is equipped with four row's wing parts 19, often arranges wing part 19 and is arranged by helical curve.
13 points of the body of heater of vertical-type garbage incinerator of the present invention is three areas：It is burning-out zone from the bottom of body of heater 13 to resume combustion flue 4, is combustion zone from resume combustion flue 4 to exhanst gas outlet 1, is dry section from exhanst gas outlet 1 to discharge flue 9.The rubbish entered from charging aperture 12 is lighted in combustion zone, heat on the one hand radiation above combustion zone, the advection heat of flue gas, on the other hand the inside from rubbish.Drying the motion of fire grate 8 and combustion grate 6 itself makes rubbish rolling, the agitation of its top burning, constantly updates rubbish levels, the rubbish for lower floor of igniting.Meanwhile, the peculair motion of two groups of fire grates（Rolling, agitation）Loosening rubbish layer, makes waste layer more fluffy, ventilative, beneficial to the burning of rubbish.Meanwhile, the design of several groups of flues of the invention makes the air above fire grate with optimal layered distribution.The body of heater 13 of incinerator is designed using refractory brick, and not only amount of stored heat is big, without combustion-supporting when can also make waste incineration.
The refractory material of the inwall different zones of body of heater 13 of the present invention can be because of different and different, such as high-temperature region of temperature：Main to be formed with the unsetting fire clay cast that the coefficient of heat conduction is high, heat resistance is good, other regions are built into using the general refractory material of not/sizing class.Meanwhile, body of heater 13 sets two maintenance doors and multiple temperature measuring points, and combustion zone sets the multiple points of observation of camera head, to observe the combustion case of rubbish in stove.The control of whole burning process of the invention, such as charging rate, the fire grate duration of runs and air quantity are realized by the temperature data of each temperature measuring point of microprocessor analysis, so as to realize the full-automatic operation of whole process.
Drying fire grate 8 and combustion grate 6 in the present invention are rearranged by many fire bars, and fire bars arrangement orientation is determined according to the characteristics of the architectural feature of body of heater 13 and burning process.For the difference of not same district fire bars, the difference of the size of backgauge wing part 19 is only embodied in, the main material of roller 17 is refractory ceramics.Checking test explanation：The material of roller 17 can withstand 1200 DEG C of high temperature, and can long-term work, and have the three-point bending resistance intensity not less than 300mPa at 1000 DEG C.Metal wing part is divided into wide wing, narrow wing, radially, for dry section and combustion zone fire grate, is inlaid in the foundation trench sintered by roller 17.After wide wing part 19 is mounted and positioned, adjacent two wing parts 19 axially can have overlapping, be that the consideration dropped is difficult to fine grained rubbish material.In burner hearth once, lateral clearance of the Secondary Air between wing part 19（Gap 40mm ~ 50mm）.The fire bars dried in fire grate 8 forms an inclined material face according to the stove direction of entering of rubbish, and then the material into stove is fully spread out, drying-burning-after-flame.In combustion process, fire bars is constantly rotated, and layer is turned over above and below rubbish, and moisture is gradually removed, risen with hot blast, and then forms the dry section of upper furnace.Combustion grate 6 is in alternate arrangement in two interlayers, forms a three-dimensional burning layout, the material of combustion zone is under the dredging that fire grate is rotated, in good time, appropriate entrance burning-out zone.Dry fire grate 8 and combustion grate 6 sets independent drive device respectively, compared with chain-grate, operation is flexible.Combustion process enters successively dry stove rubbish, burning, after-flame with the motion of fire bars and the supply of Secondary Air.By checking test, incinerator of the invention has the characteristics of fire grate operating is efficient, combustion efficiency is good, more has strong adaptability to entering stove rubbish.
The body of heater 13 of the present invention is according to following design data：
1）, dry section：The top of body of heater 13, accounts for combustion space 20% or so；
2）, combustion zone：The middle part of body of heater 13, smaller compared with dry section inner thorax diameter, in the axial direction, it accounts for 35% ~ 40% or so of interior thorax；
3）, burnt zone：The bottom of body of heater 13, accounts for the height of burner hearth 40% ~ 50%, wherein about 70% space storage clinker, and clinker top layer is the combustion zone of high temperature, about 40% ~ 50% rubbish that do not burn slides so far further burning completely.
Tower comb grate 3 is using the component of building material industry in the present invention, and it is arranged on the bottom of burner hearth, and the adjustment of velocity of rotation is realized by analyzing clinker combustion case, and then adjusts the speed slagged tap.Meanwhile, in tapping process, clinker and uncombusted rubbish are fluffy therewith, and bulk noncombustibility, which is extruded, to be pulverized, and then make main air duct interference-free, are conducive to the further after-flame of burning-out zone.Therefore, the characteristics of design of tower comb grate is particularly suitable for China's house refuse, such as height containing ash, moisture content fluctuation are big.
Thorax top uses full-closed structure in incinerator of the present invention, and its both sides is provided with exhanst gas outlet.Rubbish enters stove, heating, drying, dehydration, and the vapor of removing is mixed with the high-temperature flue gas risen in burner hearth, and then the anoxic zone in roof of the furnace formation based on flue gas, i.e. dry section.The flue gas of dry section is discharged body of heater 13 by exhanst gas outlet 2 10, therewith into flue gas secondary treatment system, is melted down after cooling and dewatering is handled and does further harmless treatment.Smoke processing system is drained into outside the flue gas that combustion zone is produced.Designed using oxygen-rich area combustion zone, realized by Secondary Air, the rubbish that dry section falls is dried in combustion zone, preheated, burning, and the flue gas of generation is discharged by exhanst gas outlet 1, and resume combustion flue 4 is entered therewith after heating, resume combustion by the discharge body of heater 13 of discharge flue 9.The present invention passes through checking test：The temperature of exhanst gas outlet 1 and resume combustion flue 4 is up to more than 100 DEG C.By the backlayering quarantine measures of incinerator of the present invention, the drawbacks of combustion zone flue gas is with dry section flue gas mixing can be avoided, combustion zone concentration of flue gas pollutants is reduced.Meanwhile, discharged gas fume residence time at 850 DEG C is more than 2s.
In present invention work, the calorific value for entering stove rubbish is higher, and the scale of afterheat utilizing system is bigger；And when the calorific value of rubbish is relatively low, pre-processing device will suitably increase.Therefore, the setting of CIU will be determined according to the actual needs, on the premise of ensuring that garbage energy obtains harmless treatment, can effectively realize the ultimate aim that rubbish volume reduction, the handling process of recycling purpose are the refuse burning systems.
According to structure of the present invention, manufacture by actual size 1:3 experiment incinerator, treating capacity about 50t/d or so, enter stove waste component and calorific value be evaluated as it is medium on the lower side.This process of the test：
1）The duration of ignition：During the morning 8；
2）Ignition substance：Firewood；
3）Charging rate：25~45kg/min；
4）Rubbish：Residential block house refuse（Containing grey rate 30% ~ 40%, moisture content 35%）；
After furnace temperature rises to normal range (NR), artificial garbage throwing enters stove rubbish and does not sort, do not pre-process, stops the addition of auxiliary fuel after 2.5h, continuous to burn 30 points of blowing outs when the same day 15.The distribution of temperature measuring point is as shown in Figure 1 in trial furnace：A, b, c, d, e, f are at totally six.Referring to Fig. 3, four significant points in stove are illustrated（a、c、d、e）Temperature curve.It can be seen that（Tc- dry section smog discharge temperatures；Te- combustion zones smog discharge temperature；Td- resume combustion flue temperatures；Ta：Burnt zone burner hearth temperature）：
1）Tc：Mean temperature is 550 DEG C, more than design temperature, is conducive to burning；
2）Te：Afternoon Te is always more than 820 DEG C, substantially close to design load；
3）Td：After 3h, Td exceeds 80 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C than Te, and effect is more satisfactory；
4）Ta：More than 1000 DEG C of level is maintained always.
Conclusion (of pressure testing)：
（1）The experimental result of trial furnace after diminution basically reaches even more than design standard, temperature in burner hearth maintains nearly 3h in 900 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C intervals, and incinerator exit gas temperature is more than 850 DEG C, and easily reach, it is ensured that the decomposition of bioxin and qualified discharge.
（2）Substantially, isolation difference maintains 400 DEG C to 500 DEG C to the flue gas isolation processing measure effect of the incinerator, and actual use is extensive.Meanwhile, the difference between Td, Te is also above 80 DEG C.According to analysis, if the performance of radiation device can be improved to a certain extent, burning effect will be more preferable.
（3）It can be seen from data, compared to design temperature, the flue-gas temperature of dry section is slightly higher, even if taking the measure also undiminished trend that increases rotation speed of fan in experimentation.Main cause is that have the entrance of air, the generation for causing anaerobic area to be burnt during feeding, but such a situation is also beneficial to burning process.
Claims (6)
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| CN201610030018.5A CN106979521A (en) | 2016-01-18 | 2016-01-18 | A kind of vertical-type garbage incinerator of use roll-type fire grate |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2521499Y (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2002-11-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一○研究所 | Garbage incinerator |
| CN2610227Y (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-04-07 | 赵会棠 | Gasification mechanical furnace grate |
| KR20140142869A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2014-12-15 | 이재두 | Combustion apparatus and method for inflammable solid waste |
| CN204665281U (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-09-23 | 邹斌 | A kind of suspension refuse incinerator |
-
2016
- 2016-01-18 CN CN201610030018.5A patent/CN106979521A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2521499Y (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2002-11-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一○研究所 | Garbage incinerator |
| CN2610227Y (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-04-07 | 赵会棠 | Gasification mechanical furnace grate |
| KR20140142869A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2014-12-15 | 이재두 | Combustion apparatus and method for inflammable solid waste |
| CN204665281U (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-09-23 | 邹斌 | A kind of suspension refuse incinerator |
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