CN106955441A - The fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate and its application - Google Patents
The fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate and its application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106955441A CN106955441A CN201710324623.8A CN201710324623A CN106955441A CN 106955441 A CN106955441 A CN 106955441A CN 201710324623 A CN201710324623 A CN 201710324623A CN 106955441 A CN106955441 A CN 106955441A
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- Prior art keywords
- carbon dioxide
- fire extinguisher
- dioxide hydrate
- fire
- nozzle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
- A62C13/62—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with a single permanently pressurised container
- A62C13/64—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with a single permanently pressurised container the extinguishing material being released by means of a valve
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
- A62C13/76—Details or accessories
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate and its application, belong to carbon dioxide hydrate application and fire extinguishing equipment technology field.Filler in the fire extinguisher is the carbon dioxide hydrate particle that particle diameter is 0.5~1.0cm.The fire extinguisher specifically includes steel cylinder, carbon dioxide hydrate particle, siphon pipe and nozzle；The end of siphon pipe is connected with the nozzle；Carbon dioxide hydrate particle sprays after siphon pipe through nozzle.The present invention absorbs big calorimetric, and the effect that carbon dioxide gas and the characteristic of water are put out a fire using decomposition of hydrate.Simultaneously effective prevent fire resume combustion.The filling raw material of the invention is only the hydrate being made up of water and carbon dioxide, with the characteristic for accommodating ultra-large volume gas.In view of carbon dioxide hydrate is easy to like product in inexpensive large-scale production, and extinguishing effect relative market good, there is broad mass market space using this technological development novel fire extinguisher.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to carbon dioxide hydrate application and fire extinguishing equipment technology field, and in particular to one kind filling titanium dioxide
The fire extinguisher of Kohlenhydrate and its application.
Background technology:
Carbon dioxide hydrate is a kind of more special crystal that water and carbon dioxide are formed under low temperature, condition of high voltage
Compound.In carbon dioxide hydrate, hydrone is crystallized in cage structure, cage structure by stronger hydrogen bond formation main body
Carbon dioxide molecule is filled with, and the degree that it is filled up then depends on temperature, pressure and the degree of supercooling of system.At present to titanium dioxide
The study hotspot of Kohlenhydrate effect is concentrated on to be stored and fixed carbon dioxide using hydrate, to slow down global greenhouse effect
Should.
Now the filler of fire extinguisher is carbon dioxide in the market, and carbon dioxide extinguisher relies primarily on smothering action and portion
Divide cooling effect fire extinguishing, carbon dioxide has higher density, about the 1.5 of air times.At ambient pressure, the carbon dioxide of liquid
It can vaporize immediately, general 1kg liquid carbon dioxide can produce about 0.5 cubic metre of gas.Thus, during fire extinguishing, carbon dioxide
Gas can exclude air and be enclosed in the surface of burning objects or be distributed in more closed space, reduction combustible around or
Oxygen concentration in protective zone, produces smothering action and puts out a fire.In addition, when carbon dioxide sprays from storage container, can be by liquid
Body rapid vaporization plays a part of cooling into gas, and from partial heat is around absorbed.According to carbon dioxide filler type/
Form is broadly divided into three kinds of fire extinguishers, i.e. dry powder extinguisher, foam annihilator and liquid carbon dioxide fire-fighting device.This is several to go out
Firearm is applied to the fire that different material occurs, and its principle and structure are also different.Dry powder extinguisher, which is primarily adapted for use in, to be puted out a fire to save life and property
The fire of petrochemical industry class inflammable thing, organic solvent and electrical equipment；Foam annihilator is primarily adapted for use in oils polar solvent
Fire；Carbon dioxide extinguisher is primarily adapted for use in the fire of the initiations such as electrical equipment, valuables.
Hand-held being used three of the above fire extinguisher, in scene of fire Emergency use more.But all have operating process complicated,
The problem of maintenance cost of fire extinguisher is high.At present, there is not the fire extinguisher using carbon dioxide hydrate as filler also.
The content of the invention：
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate and its application, by fire extinguishing
When discharge carbon dioxide hydrate particle, controlled the temperature around comburant, the carbon dioxide that decomposition of hydrate goes out
Gas and water extinguish burning, and with preventing the effect of fire resume combustion.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of filler in fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate, the fire extinguisher is carbon dioxide hydrate
Grain, the particle diameter of the carbon dioxide hydrate particle is 0.5~1.0cm.
The carbon dioxide hydrate is made up of carbon dioxide and water, and the mol ratio of carbon dioxide and water is 1：
(5.75~6.25).
The fire extinguisher includes steel cylinder, carbon dioxide hydrate particle, siphon pipe and nozzle；Wherein：The carbon dioxide water
Polymer beads, which are filled in the interior of steel bottle, the steel cylinder, is additionally provided with siphon pipe, and the end of siphon pipe is connected with the nozzle
Connect；Carbon dioxide hydrate particle sprays after siphon pipe through nozzle；The nozzle is variable-diameter structure body, the connection of its butt end
Siphon pipe, carbon dioxide hydrate particle sprays from its taper end.The variable-diameter structure of the nozzle is designed to ensure carbon dioxide water
Accurate injection when compound is put out a fire.
The fire extinguisher also includes pressure handle, support handle, safety valve and pressure gauge；The pressure gauge is used to monitor the steel pressure in the bottle；
The support using dragging for hand during fire extinguisher for being held；The pressure handle is used to make carbon dioxide hydrate spray out of steel cylinder；
The safety valve reaches safe pressure scope for automatically controlling fire extinguisher.
The application of the fire extinguisher of the filling arbon dioxide hydrate, the fire extinguisher is stored in 10~15 DEG C and 5~10MPa
Under conditions of it is standby；In use, opening extinguisher valve, jet blower is towards comburant below flame direction, and fire extinguisher is in pressure
The lower nature of effect ejects carbon dioxide hydrate particle, and the carbon dioxide and water that decomposition of hydrate goes out coordinate cooling effect to make fire
Flame extinguishes.
The fire extinguisher has for the fire that non-polar solven triggers substantially puts out effect, such as forest fire.
The preparation of the carbon dioxide hydrate particle comprises the following steps：
(1) water is placed in stainless steel closed container, the temperature control of water is 0~1 DEG C, prevents that water-setting from build-uping ice；
(2) carbon dioxide is passed through stainless steel closed container, gas in container pressure is reached 3MPa, stirred simultaneously
Water in container, accelerates the generation of carbon dioxide hydrate；
(3) pressure of carbon dioxide in container is maintained, until the water for being capable of the overwhelming majority in container is converted into hydration
Thing；
(4) stainless steel closed container is opened under -50~-60 DEG C of low temperature environment, carbon dioxide hydrate is taken out, will take
The carbon dioxide hydrate gone out pulverizes into a diameter of 0.5~1.0cm and obtains the carbon dioxide hydrate particle.
The design principle of the present invention is as follows：
The present invention prepares carbon dioxide hydrate under conditions of relative low temperature high pressure using water and carbon dioxide as raw material,
And novel fire extinguisher is manufactured using it as filler, the carbon dioxide hydrate filled is nontoxic to human body, water and titanium dioxide
The reaction of carbon generation hydrate is physical reactions, and chemically non-reactive.Standard atmospheric pressure, under conditions of 0 DEG C, it can receiving volume
Than the carbon dioxide for 160 times.Utilize this spy with very big gas inclusive of carbon dioxide hydrate particle
Point, makes it discharge substantial amounts of carbon dioxide gas when decomposing, starvation reaches the effect of fire extinguishing.Decomposite what is come simultaneously
Absorb heat brought effects of reduced temperature when water and decomposition, similarly helps to stamp out the flames.
Carbon dioxide hydrate is comprising a carbon dioxide molecule institute in the cage structure being made up of the hydrogen bond of hydrone
The crystallization of formation, its physical behavior is similar to ice.Under conditions of 10~15 DEG C and 5~10MPa, carbon dioxide hydrate is in
Stable state thermodynamically, as long as maintaining this storing state, hydrate would not be decomposed, and reduce this novel fire extinguisher
Maintenance cost.
In the present invention, carbon dioxide hydrate particle is directly filled into fire extinguisher, it is sprayed in fire extinguishing procedure
Out.It is stored in 10~15 DEG C after filling, it is standby under conditions of 5~10MPa.In use, opening extinguisher valve, jet blower court
Comburant below to flame direction, the carbon dioxide hydrate filled sprays naturally under pressure, makes fray-out of flame.
The advantage of the invention is that：
1st, carbon dioxide hydrate is used as filler in fire extinguisher first, the carbon dioxide ejected when in use
Decomposition of hydrate is into carbon dioxide and water, and its endothermic effect, plays a part of fire extinguishing.
2nd, it is effectively prevented fire resume combustion.
3rd, carbon dioxide hydrate generation method is simple, is easy to large-scale low-cost to produce.Raw materials for production are nontoxic, clear
Clean, cheap, production program is simple, it is easy to extensive to go into operation.
4th, the present invention be filled with carbon dioxide hydrate fire extinguisher can fire extinguishing when discharge carbon dioxide and
Water, has positive effect triggering for non-polar solven on the putting out a fire to save life and property of fire.Simultaneously decomposition of hydrate absorbed up to 60~
70kJ/mol heat largely reduces the temperature near the comburant of scene of fire, to fire suppression and prevents that resume combustion from having
Positive effect.Have for the certain types of fire such as such as forest fire and put out effect well.
5th, the novel fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate is convenient stores, and maintenance cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the outward appearance of carbon dioxide hydrate particulate samples.
Fig. 2 is the extinguisher structure figure of filling arbon dioxide hydrate particle.
Fig. 3 is fire extinguisher nozzle structure chart of the present invention.
In figure：1- pressure handles；2- holds in the palm handle；3- safety valves；4- nozzles；41- nozzle butt ends；42- nozzle taper ends；5- steel cylinders；6-
Carbon dioxide hydrate particle；7- siphon pipes.
Embodiment:
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention be using 0.5~1.0cm of particle diameter carbon dioxide hydrate particle as fire extinguisher filler, it is described
The preparation of carbon dioxide hydrate particle and the preparation of fire extinguisher and filling process are as follows：
1st, the preparation of carbon dioxide hydrate particle：
(1) water is placed in stainless steel closed container, the temperature control of water is 0~1 DEG C, prevents that water-setting from build-uping ice；
(2) carbon dioxide is passed through stainless steel closed container, gas in container pressure is reached 3MPa, stirred simultaneously
Water in container, accelerates the generation of carbon dioxide hydrate；
(3) maintain the pressure in container in 3MPa, be constantly passed through carbon dioxide until water most in container
It is converted into carbon dioxide hydrate；
(4) stainless steel closed container is opened at -50 DEG C, carbon dioxide hydrate is taken out, by the carbon dioxide water of taking-up
Compound pulverizes into the carbon dioxide hydrate particle that grain diameter is 0.5~1.0cm, and its pattern is as shown in Figure 1.
2nd, the structure and application method of the novel fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate particle：
As shown in Fig. 2 the fire extinguisher includes steel cylinder 5, carbon dioxide hydrate particle 6, siphon pipe 7 and nozzle 4；Described two
Carbonoxide hydrate particle 6 is filled in inside the steel cylinder 5, and the end of siphon pipe 7 is connected with the nozzle 4；Carbon dioxide
Hydrate particle 6 sprays after siphon pipe through nozzle；The nozzle 4 is variable-diameter structure body, as shown in figure 3, nozzle butt end
41 connection siphon pipes 7, carbon dioxide hydrate particle sprays from nozzle taper end 42.The variable-diameter structure of the nozzle is designed to ensure
Accurate injection when carbon dioxide hydrate is put out a fire.
The fire extinguisher also includes pressure handle 1, held in the palm 2, safety valve 3 and pressure gauge；The pressure gauge is used to monitor steel cylinder internal pressure
Power；The support is used for the holding using hand during fire extinguisher 2；The pressure handle 1 makes carbon dioxide hydrate be sprayed out of steel cylinder；
The safety valve 3 reaches safe pressure scope for automatically controlling fire extinguisher.
First confirm that the steel pressure in the bottle is normal when using, pull out safety valve, support handle, another hand-held nozzle, direction are held on the other hand
Flame direction, presses pressure handle.The carbon dioxide hydrate granule filler of solid-state because high pressure in steel cylinder by siphon pipe by
Nozzle sprays, and the carbon dioxide and water that come out by decomposition of hydrate and decomposes subsidiary cooling effect to put out a fire.
Embodiment 1
0.5~1.0cm of diameter carbon dioxide hydrate is particles filled into fire extinguisher.10~15 DEG C and 5~
Under the conditions of 10MPa, hydrate is stored in fire extinguisher with being stabilized, and is used when needing fire extinguishing.As long as keeping the temperature pressure
Power condition, without other maintenance costs.Fire extinguisher pours into freshly prepd carbon dioxide hydrate particle fully using finishing,
It can be continuing with.
Embodiment 2
During using fire extinguisher fighting forest fire in embodiment 1, remove safety valve, hand-held jet blower alignment wood chip in full
Deng fire comburant, injection valve is pressed, the carbon dioxide hydrate particle filled ejects fire extinguisher under pressure.
Due to being in constant-pressure and high-temperature environment around comburant, hydrate decomposes rapidly, discharges carbon dioxide and water, play starvation
With reduction temperature effect, so as to stamp out the flames.Meanwhile, substantial amounts of heat is absorbed during decomposition of hydrate, flame periphery is reduced
Temperature, the extinguishing effect for contributing to emphasis local.After fray-out of flame, water and carbon dioxide on branch wood chip are attached to
Resume combustion of the carbon dioxide that hydrate is constantly decomposed and produced to fire has obvious blocking effect.
Comparative example 1
The fire extinguisher of common several types has limitation, each type of fire extinguisher to fire suppression on the market at present
It is effective just for some unique types.With the powerful gas of utilization hydrate described in application claims containing it is sexual the characteristics of,
One kind is made can be in fire extinguishing while generation carbon dioxide and water, and the device of cooling-down effect have larger effect poor
It is different.Meanwhile, the common fire extinguisher maintenance cost in market is higher, if safeguarding may cause extinguishing effect to reduce not in time.
Examples provided above is only the mode illustrated, is not considered as limiting the scope of the present invention, appoints
What technique according to the invention scheme and its inventive concept are subject to equivalent or the method for change, should all cover the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate, it is characterised in that：Filler in the fire extinguisher is carbon dioxide
Hydrate particle, the particle diameter of the carbon dioxide hydrate particle is 0.5~1.0cm.
2. the fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The carbon dioxide water
The mol ratio of the crystal that compound is combined into for physically by carbon dioxide and water, carbon dioxide and water is 1：(5.75~
6.25)。
3. the fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fire extinguisher includes steel
Bottle, carbon dioxide hydrate particle, siphon pipe and nozzle；Wherein：The carbon dioxide hydrate is particles filled in the steel cylinder
Siphon pipe is additionally provided with inside, the steel cylinder, the end of siphon pipe is connected with the nozzle；Carbon dioxide hydrate particle is passed through
Cross after siphon pipe and sprayed through nozzle.
4. the fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The nozzle is reducing
Structure body, nozzle butt end connection siphon pipe, carbon dioxide hydrate particle sprays from nozzle taper end.
5. the fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The fire extinguisher also includes
Pressure handle, support handle, safety valve and pressure gauge；The pressure gauge is used to monitor the steel pressure in the bottle；The support is for using fire extinguisher
When dragging for hand hold；The pressure handle is used to make carbon dioxide hydrate spray out of steel cylinder；The safety valve is used to automatically control
Fire extinguisher reaches safe pressure scope.
6. the application of the fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The fire extinguisher
It is stored in standby under conditions of 10~15 DEG C and 5~10MPa；In use, opening extinguisher valve, nozzle is towards under flame direction
Square comburant, fire extinguisher ejects carbon dioxide hydrate particle, the titanium dioxide that decomposition of hydrate goes out naturally under pressure
Carbon and water coordinate cooling effect to make fray-out of flame.
7. the application of the fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The fire extinguisher
Have for the fire that non-polar solven triggers and substantially put out effect.
8. the application of the fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The fire extinguisher
For putting out for forest fire.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710324623.8A CN106955441A (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2017-05-10 | The fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate and its application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710324623.8A CN106955441A (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2017-05-10 | The fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate and its application |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106955441A true CN106955441A (en) | 2017-07-18 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710324623.8A Pending CN106955441A (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2017-05-10 | The fire extinguisher of filling arbon dioxide hydrate and its application |
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| CN (1) | CN106955441A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115887983A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-04-04 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Disc type carbon dioxide hydrate fire extinguisher and fire extinguishing method |
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Application publication date: 20170718 |