CN106951694B - Adaptive modeling method for online monitoring system of secondary equipment of power system - Google Patents
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Abstract
A CIM/E file-based adaptive modeling method for a secondary equipment online monitoring system. The system comprises a CIM/E model subsystem, a communication subsystem, a real-time library, a history storage subsystem and the like. The CIM/E model subsystem realizes model analysis and conversion of the online monitoring file; the communication subsystem realizes the communication functions of the main and sub stations such as request/response and the like; the real-time library is responsible for running data refreshing and model management; and the history storage subsystem completes history storage and query of the model. The method adopts a data exchange means of describing a whole network model of the online monitoring system of the secondary equipment by CIM/E, provides network transmission of the model by using a general real-time communication service protocol of the power system, and carries out self-adaptive modeling on the system based on a model comparison rule algorithm. According to the invention, through a special CIM/E format of the power system, the self-adaptive modeling method of the secondary equipment on-line monitoring system is realized by using the template, and the efficiency and the usability of the system are enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a modeling method of a power system model, in particular to a self-adaptive modeling method of a secondary equipment on-line monitoring system of a CIM/E file of a power system.
Background
The secondary equipment online monitoring main station (called a main station for short) is deployed at a scheduling end, secondary equipment operation data are collected in real time for a secondary equipment online monitoring sub-station (called a sub-station for short), the communication condition of each secondary equipment state monitoring is visually displayed by using a graphical interface, the secondary equipment operation data are analyzed and processed, and the online monitoring function of secondary equipment information is realized.
The substation is deployed in a conventional station and an intelligent station, and the model exchange modes between the two types of substations and the main station are different. The substation generally models primary and secondary equipment in a conventional station through a substation-to-equipment point table in the form of group headers, item information and the like defined by IEC60870-5-103 protocol, and the content of the secondary equipment models is telemetering, remote signaling, events, alarms, fixed value information and the like; the substation generally adopts a Substation Configuration Description (SCD) to model primary and secondary equipment in the intelligent station, and the content includes a complete primary and secondary equipment structure, device (IED) model information and the like. According to different substation types, the main station communicates with the substations through a scheduling data network by using IEC60870-5-103 and IEC61850 protocols respectively, calls the substation models and stores the substation models in a library to form an own model of the main station.
The master station must use different communication interfaces according to the difference of the substation types, the methods of the substation model creation process cannot be consistent, the communication interaction process is more, the models need to be respectively converted at the master station end, and uniform model management (model creation, updating and the like) is difficult to realize.
In view of this, the invention aims to provide an easy-to-use and high-efficiency adaptive modeling method for an online monitoring system of power secondary equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to change the traditional IEC60870-5-103 or IEC61850 modeling mode into a CIM/E model exchange method and realize a self-adaptive modeling method. The method has the advantages that maintenance work of CIM/E files can be carried out on the substations no matter the substations are conventional stations or intelligent stations, the main substation uses the CIM/E files as model exchange files, the main station can complete model preparation work by calling the files, the problem that access modes of different types of substations are inconsistent is solved, modeling methods are unified, and the idea of maintenance of secondary equipment model source ends is followed. The CIM/E is a novel and efficient electric power system model data description specification developed for solving the efficiency problem in describing a CIM/XML mode on the basis of the IEC 61970-301 electric power system public data model, and has the characteristics of simplicity, high efficiency and suitability for describing and exchanging large-scale power grid models. Therefore, the invention provides a self-adaptive modeling method for a secondary equipment online monitoring system of a CIM/E file of a power system, which specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a secondary equipment on-line monitoring system self-adaptive modeling method of a power system CIM/E file uses CIM/E as a model exchange mode, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the communication subsystem of the secondary equipment online monitoring main station calls (requests) CIM/E files of all secondary equipment in the transformer substation to the substation through a power system universal real-time communication service protocol by using a request/response mode, and the secondary equipment online monitoring substation returns (responds) the requested CIM/E files;
step 2: the model subsystem of the secondary equipment online monitoring main station analyzes a CIM/E file of the secondary equipment, and after the validity of the file is verified, a finite-state machine is used for creating a preprocessing model through a predefined template;
and step 3: and the model subsystem of the secondary equipment online monitoring main station performs incremental updating on the secondary equipment model based on a model comparison rule algorithm, imports the secondary equipment model into a model library, updates the real-time library and stores the updated model into a history library.
The invention further comprises the following preferred embodiments:
in step 1, the following is further included:
1-1: the secondary equipment online monitoring main station calls CIM/E files of all secondary equipment in the secondary equipment online monitoring substation;
1-2: the secondary equipment on-line monitoring substation receives a calling command issued by the main station through a power system universal real-time communication service protocol and transmits a requested secondary equipment CIM/E file to the main station.
Step 2 further comprises the following:
2-1: the model subsystem in the secondary equipment online monitoring main station analyzes the received CIM/E file, and analyzes the effectiveness of the file through syntax check;
2-2: the template element technology is used, new electric power data type extension is supported through combination and template partial specialization, and model verification is carried out;
2-3: and (3) obtaining a model object from the CIM/E file through state change by using a finite state machine to form a power grid secondary equipment object model, namely a preprocessing model.
In 2-3, the model objects obtained from the CIM/E file include protection devices, constants, buses, analog quantities, and opening quantities.
Step 3 further comprises the following:
3-1: matching the preprocessing model in the step 2 with a standard power object template, and establishing object inheritance and association relations by analyzing relevant information of each node in a CIM/E file and using a type reflection system;
3-2: the model subsystem of the secondary equipment online monitoring main station uses an increment updating principle to introduce a secondary equipment object model, key value comparison is carried out on the secondary equipment object model, the difference between a new secondary equipment object model and an existing model is calculated according to an IEC61850 model relation and the existing model of a real-time library, namely a standard electric power object template, and the difference is recorded into a model difference table;
3-3: establishing a new secondary equipment model object for the currently imported secondary equipment model in an iterative mode, wherein the new secondary equipment model object is used as an object to be imported and is stored in a data structure capable of being efficiently retrieved, namely map mapping;
3-4: judging whether the objects to be imported are new data one by one, and if so, inserting; if not, updating.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the technical effects that the balanced work distribution of a power grid system can be realized, the workload of model coordination is prevented from being placed at a transformer substation or a dispatching end, future application consideration is focused, and models of the transformer substation, secondary equipment, protection, control, communication and the like can be uniformly modeled except for secondary equipment models. And by effectively using the software template technology, the consistency and the maintenance convenience of a model system are ensured when new electric power data types are added or modified, and an effective technical means is provided for the development and maintenance of the intelligent power grid on-line monitoring system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system structure diagram of an adaptive modeling method of a secondary equipment on-line monitoring system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an adaptive modeling method of an online secondary equipment monitoring system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a CIM/E file calling process in the adaptive modeling method of the online secondary equipment monitoring system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a CIM/E file verification process in the adaptive modeling method of the secondary equipment online monitoring system according to the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a model comparison rule of the adaptive modeling method of the online secondary equipment monitoring system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further describe the technical features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the secondary device online monitoring system of the power system based on the CIM/E file is composed of a master station, a substation, and a scheduling data network. The substation is deployed in a substation and is accessed to secondary equipment such as a protection device and a wave recorder through an intra-substation communication network; the master station is deployed at the dispatching end, acquires and receives the secondary equipment information sent by the substation, provides functions of secondary equipment information display, alarm, analysis and the like, and monitors the operation condition of the secondary equipment on line; the master station and the substation communicate through a scheduling data network.
The main station comprises a CIM/E model subsystem, a communication subsystem, a real-time library and a history storage subsystem. The CIM/E model subsystem realizes the analysis and conversion of the secondary equipment model; the communication subsystem realizes the acquisition function of the secondary equipment model and data and communicates with the substation in a request/response mode; the real-time library is responsible for updating the secondary equipment model data; and the history storage subsystem completes history storage and query of the secondary equipment data. Fig. 2 illustrates the flow of the entire modeling method.
The self-adaptive modeling method for the secondary equipment online monitoring system of the CIM/E file of the power system comprises the following steps:
step 1: the communication subsystem of the secondary equipment online monitoring main station calls CIM/E files of all secondary equipment in the transformer substation (or called request) to the secondary equipment online monitoring substation through a power system universal real-time communication service protocol by using a request/response mode, and the substation returns (or called response) the requested CIM/E files.
1-1: and the secondary equipment online monitoring main station calls CIM/E files of all secondary equipment in the secondary equipment online monitoring substation.
The CIM/E is a novel and efficient electric power system model data description standard developed for solving the efficiency problem when describing in a CIM/XML mode on the basis of the IEC 61970-301 electric power system public data model, and has the characteristics of simplicity, high efficiency and suitability for describing and exchanging large-scale power grid models. The CIM/E combines the traditional relational-oriented data description mode of the power system with the object-oriented CIM, thereby not only maintaining the high efficiency of the relational-oriented method, but also absorbing the characteristics of the object-oriented method.
According to the class definition mode (CIM/E Schema), the power system model may convert and export a CIM/E file. The class definition schema provides a schema description format used by CIM/E documents. All classes and attributes required in the document are defined in the CIM/E mode, the class name is used for identifying a data block, and the attribute name is an attribute row or an attribute column in the document and is guided by '@'. CIM/E patterns may be subsets of CIM or may be extended. CIM/E data is plain text data, and the purpose of a standard format is achieved by using the first character or the first 2 characters of each line in a text. The format of CIM/E data is relatively fixed, and 2 basic structures are provided, namely a horizontal table type structure and a vertical table type structure.
According to the general real-time communication service protocol of the power system of the national power grid Q/GDW 11068-2013, service interfaces such as association, service management, class management, data sets, events, time synchronization, files, databases, graphs and models are provided aiming at the data transmission requirement of the power system, five types of data transmission requirements such as parameters, objects, data sets, class description and stream data units can be realized, and M coding is adopted for data communication.
The range of data exchange between the master station and the substation comprises a secondary equipment model and operation data. The operation data comprises real-time operation information of the secondary equipment, on-line monitoring information of the substation, intermediate node information and a wave recording file. The real-time operation information of the secondary equipment (events, alarms, remote signaling deflection) is uploaded in a DL 476 alarm direct transmission mode; the on-line monitoring information, the intermediate node information and the wave recording file of the substation are uploaded in a file mode, and the CIM/E file can be uploaded in a file mode.
As shown in fig. 3, the master station communication subsystem calls a secondary equipment model when the online monitoring substation of the secondary equipment periodically or changes, converts the secondary equipment model into CIM/E file data in the substation, and returns the CIM/E file data to the master station monitoring system, where the CIM file data includes file data of power grid equipment parameters, and the E file data includes file data of real-time operation of the power grid.
1-2: the secondary equipment on-line monitoring substation receives a calling command issued by the main station through a power system universal real-time communication service protocol and transmits a requested secondary equipment CIM/E file to the main station.
All secondary equipment models of the secondary equipment on-line monitoring system are realized by adopting a mode of uploading relevant file configuration. The secondary equipment model comprises information such as an equipment account, a communication state, a self-checking alarm, equipment resources, an internal environment, a time setting state and the like. For example, the call self-check alarm may be defined as the upload file, call. The file format adopts E language, and all calling operations can be simply and quickly realized by stipulating and requiring the file name, the file path and the file format. The master station calls the model information of the whole substation, and the substation packs all the model information into a file to be uploaded; the master station calls the single type of model information, and the substation packs the corresponding model information into an independent file for uploading.
Step 2: and the secondary equipment online monitoring main station analyzes the CIM/E file of the secondary equipment, and after the validity of the file is verified, a finite state machine is used for creating a pretreatment model through a predefined template.
2-1: and the model subsystem in the secondary equipment online monitoring main station analyzes the received CIM/E file and analyzes the validity of the file content through syntax check.
The CIM/E file format is defined as follows:
checking the imported CIM/E model according to the IEC61850 model relation definition, as shown in FIG. 4, including syntax checking, model integrity checking, etc. If the model verification is in error, the program processing flow is ended. After the checking, a logical relation is established between the secondary objects in the CIM/E, and the ID of the IED is used as a foreign key for the fixed value information. If the model validity problem is found, the user is requested to check and a judgment basis is given.
The conversion relation corresponding table of the CIM/E and the model object is as follows:
2-2: and (3) using a template element technology, supporting new electric power data type extension through combination and template partial specialization, and carrying out model verification.
Because the file is used as a model and data transmission mode, in order to minimize the change of the system when the system is expanded, a set of type automatic judgment mechanism needs to be established. The template element technology is used, a specialized mechanism of the template is used for realizing a condition selection structure in the compiling period, a recursive template is used for realizing a loop structure in the compiling period, and a template element program is interpreted and executed by a compiler in the compiling period. The system defines a basic electric power system object template, a basic template class defines a basic interface and reserves an extended function, a new object is derived from the basic object template through a type identifier, when a CIM/E file analyzes the object, a public operation module can be used to the maximum extent, operation agent behaviors are easy to add, and the business process is convenient to process.
When a new device alarm type is added, the type can be created in the template, the corresponding interface is realized according to the template interface, namely, a template element method can be used for completing the self-adaptive type definition and expanding the attribute and the definition of the type of alarm, and the new alarm type of the model can be added without modifying the original realization.
2-3: and (3) obtaining model objects (such as protection equipment, fixed values, buses, analog quantities, input quantities and the like) from the CIM/E by using a finite state machine through state change to form a power grid secondary equipment object model, namely a preprocessing model. The method has the advantages that the finite state machine is used for processing the operation process of the secondary equipment online monitoring system on the power object, the execution direction of the data object in the operation interface is guided through the input and output states inside and outside the secondary equipment online monitoring system, the flow is defined by the state table, a user can define the state information by self and persist the state information into a file, and the flexibility of the system is guaranteed.
Each operation task, such as calling a value file, firstly creates an execution sequence, maintains the state change of the whole life cycle, when the communication subsystem returns a response CIM/E file of the substation, the state change is triggered, the finite state machine is entered, and the model subsystem automatically judges the next process. Similarly, when the substation sends the analog quantity operation data file, a data refreshing state is triggered, model objects (such as protection equipment, fixed values, buses, analog quantity, input quantity and the like) are obtained from the CIM/E file, and a power grid secondary equipment object model, namely a preprocessing model, is formed.
And step 3: and (3) based on a model comparison rule algorithm, performing incremental updating on the secondary equipment model obtained by analysis in the step (2), importing the secondary equipment model into a model library (and a database), updating a real-time library, and storing the updated real-time library into a historical library.
As shown in fig. 5, the model subsystem of the secondary device online monitoring primary station completes the incremental update of the model. And (3) uniformly managing the information such as the power grid model and the real-time data section and the like entering a real-time library by a system, analyzing the content in the CIM/E file into an internal data structure, creating an index by using the object identification and the main associated attribute as a main key, and using other data as values to generate map mapping. Incremental updating is achieved by comparing the differences of the old and new models. After the CIM/E model subsystem analyzes data, the obtained power grid object is stored in a database (model library) and a real-time library, and if the model relation obviously does not conform to a predefined relation mode according to the power grid equipment parameter and the primary and secondary equipment relation defined by IEC61850, if the IED is not in a Substation (Substation), alarm information is displayed for a user.
3-1: matching the preprocessing model in the step 2 with a standard power object template, and establishing object inheritance and association relations by analyzing relevant information of each node in a CIM/E file and using a type reflection system;
3-2: when the model subsystem of the secondary equipment online monitoring main station uses the increment updating principle to import the secondary equipment model, the secondary equipment model is compared by key values, such as device names, device references and the like, and the difference between a new secondary equipment object model and the existing model is calculated according to the IEC61850 model relation and the existing model of the real-time library and recorded into a model difference table.
3-3: and establishing a new secondary equipment model object for the currently imported secondary equipment model in an iterative mode.
And the new equipment model object is used as an object to be imported and is stored in a data structure which can be efficiently retrieved, namely map mapping, so as to provide input for the following incremental operation.
3-4: judging whether the objects to be imported are new data one by one, and if so, inserting; if not, updating.
And judging whether the new object exists in the system or not through the basic attributes of the model. The judgment logic supports a user-defined script, the equivalence of the objects is defined through certain attributes, and as long as the attribute sets are consistent, the attribute sets are the same object, such as the device name and the in-station address in the equipment ledger, and an IED object can be uniquely determined. If the data is completely new, using insertion operation, importing the data into a real-time library, simultaneously writing the model into a historical library to store persistent information, and taking effect immediately to participate in functions of monitoring, controlling, data refreshing and the like of the system; otherwise, returning to the previous step for iteration.
Of course, those skilled in the art should realize that the above-described embodiments are illustrative only, and not limiting, and that all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent substitutions or equivalent changes fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A secondary equipment on-line monitoring system self-adaptive modeling method of a power system CIM/E file uses CIM/E as a model exchange mode, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the communication subsystem of the secondary equipment online monitoring main station calls CIM/E files of all secondary equipment in the substation to the substation by using a request/response mode through a power system universal real-time communication service protocol, and the secondary equipment online monitoring substation returns the requested CIM/E files;
the range of data exchange between the secondary equipment online monitoring main station and the secondary equipment online monitoring sub-station comprises a secondary equipment model and operation data, wherein the operation data comprises secondary equipment real-time operation information, online monitoring information of the secondary equipment online monitoring sub-station, intermediate node information and a wave recording file, and the secondary equipment real-time operation information is uploaded in a DL 476 alarm direct transmission mode; the on-line monitoring information, the intermediate node information and the wave recording file of the substation are uploaded in a file mode, and the CIM/E file is uploaded in the file mode; the secondary equipment model comprises an equipment ledger, a communication state, a self-checking alarm, equipment resources, an internal environment and a time synchronization state;
step 2: the model subsystem of the secondary equipment online monitoring main station analyzes a CIM/E file of the secondary equipment, and after the validity of the file is verified, a finite-state machine is used for creating a preprocessing model through a predefined template;
realizing a condition selection structure of a compiling period by utilizing a specialization mechanism of a template, and realizing a loop structure of the compiling period by utilizing a recursion template;
the method comprises the steps of processing the operation process of a secondary equipment online monitoring system on an electric power object, guiding the execution direction of a data object in an operation interface through the input and output states inside and outside the secondary equipment online monitoring system, defining a flow by adopting a state table, and enabling a user to define state information and persist the state information into a file;
and step 3: and the model subsystem of the secondary equipment online monitoring main station performs incremental updating on the secondary equipment model based on a model comparison rule algorithm, imports the secondary equipment model into a model library, updates the real-time library and stores the updated model into a history library.
2. The adaptive modeling method for the secondary equipment online monitoring system of the CIM/E file of the power system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in step 1, the following is further included:
1-1: the secondary equipment online monitoring main station calls CIM/E files of all secondary equipment in the secondary equipment online monitoring substation;
1-2: the secondary equipment on-line monitoring substation receives a calling command issued by the main station through a power system universal real-time communication service protocol and transmits a requested secondary equipment CIM/E file to the main station.
3. The adaptive modeling method for the secondary equipment online monitoring system of the CIM/E file of the power system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
step 2 further comprises the following:
2-1: analyzing the received CIM/E file by a model subsystem in the secondary equipment online monitoring main station, analyzing the validity of the file through syntax check and model integrity check, and ending the program processing flow if the model is checked to be wrong; after the checking is passed, establishing a logical relation between secondary objects in the CIM/E, if the model validity problem is found, submitting a user for checking, and giving a judgment basis;
2-2: the template element technology is used, new electric power data type extension is supported through combination and template partial specialization, and model verification is carried out; 2-3: and (3) obtaining a model object from the CIM/E file through state change by using a finite state machine to form a power grid secondary equipment object model, namely a preprocessing model.
4. The adaptive modeling method for the secondary equipment online monitoring system of the CIM/E file of the power system according to claim 3, characterized in that:
in 2-3, the model objects obtained from the CIM/E file include protection devices, constants, buses, analog quantities, and opening quantities.
5. The adaptive modeling method for the secondary equipment online monitoring system of the CIM/E file of the power system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
step 3 further comprises the following:
3-1: matching the preprocessing model in the step 2 with a standard power object template, and establishing object inheritance and association relations by analyzing relevant information of each node in a CIM/E file and using a type reflection system;
3-2: the model subsystem of the secondary equipment online monitoring main station uses an increment updating principle to introduce a secondary equipment object model, key value comparison is carried out on the secondary equipment object model, the difference between a new secondary equipment object model and an existing model is calculated according to an IEC61850 model relation and the existing model of a real-time library, namely a standard electric power object template, and the difference is recorded into a model difference table;
3-3: establishing a new secondary equipment model object for the currently imported secondary equipment model in an iterative mode, wherein the new secondary equipment model object is used as an object to be imported and is stored in a data structure capable of being efficiently retrieved, namely map mapping;
3-4: judging whether the objects to be imported are new data one by one, and if so, inserting; if not, updating.
6. The adaptive modeling method for the secondary equipment online monitoring system of the CIM/E file of the power system according to claim 5, characterized in that:
in 3-2, the key includes a device name, a device reference.
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