A kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism
Technical field
The present invention relates to ice-breaking mechanism field, the air of particularly a kind of application Yu Haiyang or lake icebreaking service demand blows
Melt continuous ice-breaking mechanism.
Background technology
In cold season, the ice in ocean or lake produces destruction and influences on the ship for passing through.Existing icebreaking method
Mainly include:Method is answered back to, with the power that ice breaker advances, trash ice layer is squeezed by hull;Collision method, ice breaker is first moveed backward, and retreats one
Segment distance, then full ahead both, crashes ice sheet;Heap ponding icebreaking method, is first extracted into rear deck, then lift by the water in hull
The fore for rising is reached in ice face, and the water of rear deck then is extracted into front deck again, and ice sheet is crushed by the weight of water.These methods are right
Ship Structure, propulsion plant and its affiliated facility etc. propose requirement higher, and the speed that opens ice is also unhappy.
Needed for a kind of economic quick ice-breaking mechanism of invention is when being.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to the existing demand that opens ice in ocean or lake, proposes that one kind is safe and efficient, does not damage hull
Continuous ice-breaking mechanism.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism, it is characterised in that:Including support, machinery
Arm, distance measuring sensor, HTHP air blast, control centre.
The support, is fixed on ice breaker hull, connects and supporting machinery arm.
The mechanical arm connection, supporting HTHP air blast, position and height for adjusting HTHP air blast,
It is closer to HTHP air blast but does not contact ice sheet surface;It is also used for connecting, fixes distance measuring sensor.
The distance measuring sensor is fixed on the robotic arm, positioned at mechanical arm front end, the letter for obtaining ice sheet surface location
Breath.
The control centre, is analysis, decision-making, controlling organization, and the input of control centre connects distance measuring sensor to obtain
Obtain the information of ice sheet surface location;Output end connect mechanical arm, control machinery arm motion with adjust HTHP air blast to away from
From the appropriate position in ice sheet surface and height;The output end connection HTHP air blast of control centre, control HTHP spray
Gas device starts, runs, stops.
The HTHP air blast, sucks air and compresses, and then heats, and HTHP air is produced, to small range
Interior ice sheet vectored injection, makes a small range ice sheet be heated up melting, meanwhile, high-temperature high-speed airflow blows away steam, further
Accelerate should in the range of ice sheet heating with melt, assist ice breaker along navigation channel cut ice sheet.
A kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism for melting, cutting ice sheet, aids in ice breaker to open ice.
Further, a kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism also including matrix keyboard, for artificial dry when necessary
In advance, substituting control centre's analysis, decision-making, control a kind of air to blow startup, operation, the stopping of melting continuous ice-breaking mechanism.
Further, a kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism and use additional power source.
Further, the mechanical arm is made up of three connecting rods, is respectively connecting rod one, connecting rod two and connecting rod three, three connecting rods
Join end to end successively;Wherein, connecting rod one can be rotated in fixed axis with controlled around itself;The lower end of connecting rod three can be determined with controlled around itself
Axle is rotated.The motion of control centre's controls connecting rod one, connecting rod two and connecting rod three, so as to adjust HTHP air blast to appropriate
Position and height.
Further, the composition of the HTHP air blast includes:Compressor, heating chamber;The compressor is sucked and pressed
Contracting air, then enters heating chamber by compressed air;The heating chamber heats the compressed air from compressor, produces high temperature
Gases at high pressure, then vectored injection is gone out, to heat, melt, blow off the ice sheet of a small range.
Further, the heating chamber uses electrical heating;The compressor is driven using motor.
Further, the HTHP air blast tilts backwards installation, and under, air enters from top calms the anger puff prot
Machine, airflow direction lower section tilted backwards ejects.So, be conducive to the frozen water for melting, blowing off to fall in a kind of air to blow
Melt continuous ice-breaking mechanism rear, reduce adhesion;It is also beneficial to preferably to heat, melts, blows off ice sheet.
Further, the distance measuring sensor is range radar.Range radar is used to obtain the information of ice sheet surface location.
Further, a kind of air is blown and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism also for melting, and removing is sticked on ice breaker hull
Ice and snow.
Further, a kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism or installation, is fixed in the middle of icebreaker bow, or peace
Fill, be fixed on icebreaker bow both sides, heated using HTHP air blast, melt a small range ice sheet, meanwhile, by machinery
The adjustment and movement of arm, coordinate ice breaker movement, using the heating of HTHP air blast, melt track be it is linear, finally,
Ice sheet cutting in ice breaker navigation channel is blocking.
The control centre includes single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer input connects distance measuring sensor to obtain ice sheet surface location
Information;Single-chip microcomputer output connect mechanical arm, control machinery arm motion with adjust HTHP air blast to appropriate position with
Highly;Single-chip microcomputer output connects HTHP air blast, and control HTHP air blast starts, runs, stops.
The single-chip microcomputer is prior art, can be STC single-chip microcomputers or PIC single chip microcomputer or EMC single-chip microcomputers or ATMEL monolithics
Machine (51 single-chip microcomputer) or PHLIPIS 51PLC series monolithics etc..There is the digital circuit finished in advance in single-chip microcomputer, all exists
Completed with programming language on computer.
In the present invention, according to the known technology in ice-breaking mechanism field, necessary place set necessary part, unit or
System.
The advantage of the invention is that:1)A kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism, to consume less energy by ice
Layer cutting is blocking, crushes ice sheet rather than the gravity by hull.So as to effectively reduce propeller and correlation to ice breaker
The requirement of facility, improves the efficiency that opens ice.
2)A kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism, relative to answer back to using cordless heating, cutting ice sheet
Method, collision method, heap ponding icebreaking method are lower to the structural requirement of related facility, safer.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of air of Fig. 1 blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism and its ice breaker schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is blown using a kind of air and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism operation schematic diagram.
In figure, a kind of 1 ice breaker, 2 air blow and melt continuous ice-breaking mechanism, 3 supports, 4 mechanical arms, 4.1 connecting rods one,
4.2 connecting rods two, 4.3 connecting rods three, 5 distance measuring sensors, 6 HTHP air blasts, 6.1 heating chambers, 6.2 compressors, 7
Control centre, 8 matrix keyboards, 9 ice sheets, 10 ice cubes, 11 lines of cut, 12 navigation channels, 13 fixed-axis rotations.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Figure of description 1,2, the invention will be further described.
One ice breaker using present invention construction(1)As ice formation operation, its continuous ice-breaking mechanism:Such as Fig. 1,
A kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism(2)Including support(3), mechanical arm(4), distance measuring sensor(5), HTHP spray
Gas device(6), control centre(7).
The support(3), it is fixed on ice breaker(1)On hull, connect and supporting machinery arm(4).
The mechanical arm(4)Connection, supporting HTHP air blast(6), for adjusting HTHP air blast(6)Position
Put and height, make HTHP air blast(6)It is closer to but does not contact ice sheet(9)Surface;It is also used for connecting, fixes range finding biography
Sensor(5).
The distance measuring sensor(5)It is fixed on mechanical arm(4)On, positioned at mechanical arm(4)Front end, for obtaining ice sheet(9)
The information of surface location.
The control centre(7), it is analysis, decision-making, controlling organization, control centre(7)Input connection range finding sensing
Device(5)To obtain ice sheet(9)The information of surface location;Output end connects mechanical arm(4), control machinery arm(4)Move to adjust
HTHP air blast(6)To apart from ice sheet(9)The appropriate position in surface and height;Control centre(7)Output end connection it is high
Warm high-pressure jet device(6), control HTHP air blast(6)Start, run, stop.
The HTHP air blast(6), suck air and compress, then heat, produce HTHP air, Xiang little Fan
Enclose interior ice sheet(9)Vectored injection, makes a small range ice sheet(9)It is heated up melting, meanwhile, high-temperature high-speed airflow blows away water
Vapour, further speeds up ice sheet in the range of this(9)Heating and thawing, assist ice breaker along navigation channel(12)Cutting ice sheet(9).
A kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism(2)For melting, cutting ice sheet(9), aid in ice breaker(1)It is broken
Ice.
Further, a kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism(2)Also include matrix keyboard(8), for when necessary
Manual intervention, to substitute control centre(7)Analysis, decision-making, a kind of control air blow and melt continuous ice-breaking mechanism(2)Open
Dynamic, operation, stopping.
Further, a kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism(2)Use additional power source.
Further, the mechanical arm(4)It is made up of three connecting rods, is respectively connecting rod one(4.1), connecting rod two(4.2)And even
Bar three(4.3), three connecting rods join end to end successively;Wherein, connecting rod one(4.1)Can be rotated in fixed axis around itself with controlled(13);
The lower end of connecting rod three can be rotated in fixed axis with controlled around itself(13).Control centre's controls connecting rod one(4.1), connecting rod two(4.2)With
Connecting rod three(4.3)Motion, so as to adjust HTHP air blast to appropriate position and height.
Further, the HTHP air blast(6)Composition include:Compressor(6.2), heating chamber(6.1);The pressure
Mechanism of qi(6.2)Suck and compressed air, compressed air is then entered into heating chamber(6.1);The heating chamber(6.1)Will be from pressure
Mechanism of qi(6.2)Compressed air heating, produce high temperature and high pressure gas, then vectored injection is gone out, small to heat, melt, blow off
In the range of ice sheet(9).
Further, the heating chamber(6.1)Use electrical heating;The compressor(6.2)Driven using motor.
Further, the HTHP air blast(6)Installation is tilted backwards, under, air enters from top presses puff prot
Mechanism of qi(6.2), airflow direction lower section tilted backwards ejects.So, the frozen water for melting, blowing off is conducive to fall in described one kind
Air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism(2)Rear, reduces adhesion;It is also beneficial to preferably to heat, melts, blows off ice sheet(9).
Further, the distance measuring sensor(5)It is range radar.Range radar is used to obtain ice sheet(9)Surface location
Information.
Further, a kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism(2)Also can be used to melt, removing sticks to ice breaker
(1)Ice and snow on hull.
Further, a kind of air blows and melts continuous ice-breaking mechanism(2)Or install, be fixed on ice breaker(1)In the middle of bow,
Or install, be fixed on ice breaker(1)Bow both sides, use HTHP air blast(6)Heating, thawing a small range ice sheet(9),
Meanwhile, by mechanical arm(4)Adjustment and movement, coordinate ice breaker(1)Movement, use HTHP air blast(6)Plus
Heat, thawing track are linear, finally, by ice breaker(1)Navigation channel(12)Interior ice sheet(9)Cutting is blocking.
Such as Fig. 2, this ice breaker(1)On a kind of three sets of air are installed altogether and are blown and melt continuous ice-breaking mechanism(2).Wherein,
Ice breaker(1)A kind of a set of air of fixation is installed and is blown and melt continuous ice-breaking mechanism in bow center(2);Ice breaker(1)Bow two
A kind of a set of air of fixation is respectively installed and is blown and melt continuous ice-breaking mechanism in side(2);A kind of this two sets air blow and melt continuous broken
Mechanism of ice(2)It is that, with center line of boat as axisymmetric, a kind of two sets of air of bow both sides blow and melt continuous ice-breaking mechanism(2)
Between distance be more than ice breaker(1)Hull the widest part.
Work as ice breaker(1)In navigation channel(12)When being advanced before introversive, a kind of three sets of air of startup blow and melt continuous ice-breaking
Structure(2), and make its respective HTHP air blast(6)It is closer to but does not contact ice sheet(9)Surface, three sets described a kind of empty
Continuous ice-breaking mechanism is melted in air-blowing(2)Along respective line of cut(11)Heat, melt, blow away ice sheet(9), heating, the track melted
For linear, ice breaker in addition(1)Extruding, ice sheet(9)It is broken into ice cube(10).And then, it is cut broken ice cube(10)
Ice breaker(1)Navigation channel is pulled under hull extruding(12)Surrounding ice sheet(9)Under(On).
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but it is understood that, the invention is not limited in disclosed
Implementation method and component, on the contrary, it is intended to cover be included within the spirit and scope of appending claims various changes
Type, feature combination, equivalent device and equivalent component.Additionally, there is the size of the feature of each component in the accompanying drawings simultaneously
It is not restricted, wherein the size of each component can be different from the size for describing component in the accompanying drawings.Therefore, the present invention is used
In covering to remodeling of the invention and deformation, as long as they are in appending claims and the scope of their equivalents
Within.