CN106922230B - Strip seedbed preparation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a strip-shaped seed bed preparation device, which comprises a frame, a three-point suspension device, and a stubble removal knife shaft and a rotary tiller shaft installed at the bottom of the frame, and multiple sets of stubble removal knives installed on the stubble removal shaft The group is combined with the rotary tiller installed on the rotary tiller shaft. One end of the stubble cutter shaft is connected with the stubble cutter shaft transmission gearbox, and one end of the rotary tiller shaft is connected with the rotary tiller shaft transmission gearbox. Describe the central gear box that is connected to the transmission gearbox of the stubble cutter shaft and the rotary tiller shaft; the alternate arrangement of the stubble removal belt knife group and the seed bed belt knife group is adopted, compared to the blade arrangement of the full rotation mode method, which reduces the power consumption of the machine tool, and all the blades are arranged in a multi-section spiral to avoid the soil from being sideways, thereby reducing the turning of the soil, and has the functions of soil conservation, water conservation and fertilizer conservation; the rear end of the bottom of the frame The rear support plate prevents the soil from the seedbed belt from moving to the stubble removal belt, which is more conducive to the growth of seeds.

Description

Ribbon seed bed preparation device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to a belt-shaped seed bed preparation device.

Background technique

Tilling machinery is a key link in agricultural production, and its plowing quality directly affects the growth quality of crops. Existing plowing and soil preparation machines include horizontal rotary tillers, vertical rotary tillers, share plows and disc plows, etc.; traditional rotary tillers are mainly in the full-rotation mode, which disrupts the fertility of the soil from bottom to top. Gradient changes the original good soil structure, and the ability of crop root stubble to fix soil decreases, resulting in soil compaction, decreased drought and waterlogging tolerance, reduced organic matter content, and deterioration of soil conditions; Working conditions, the soil fragmentation rate is low after vertical rotary tillers, conventional plows and disc plows are operated, which is not suitable for seed growth. Therefore, a belt-shaped seed bed preparation device is designed, which not only meets the technical requirements of conservation tillage, but also adapts to the working conditions of the Yangtze River Basin in my country, where the soil is sticky and heavily compacted, and the straw left by the previous crop is difficult to deal with.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies, and provide a strip-shaped seed bed preparation device that forms a staggered arrangement of seed bed belts and stubble removal belts after operation.

In order to achieve the above object, the belt-shaped seed bed preparation device designed by the present invention includes a frame and a three-point suspension device arranged on the frame for being connected with a tractor, and a stubble cutter shaft and a rotating shaft all installed at the bottom of the frame. The combination of the tiller shaft, multiple sets of stubble cutter sets installed on the stubble cutter shaft and the rotary tiller mounted on the rotary tiller shaft, one end of the stubble cutter shaft is connected with the stubble cutter shaft transmission gearbox, and the rotary tiller One end of the cutter shaft is connected with the rotary tiller shaft transmission gearbox, and the stubble removal cutter shaft transfer gearbox is connected with the central gearbox connected with the rotary tiller shaft transfer gearbox; The stubble cutter disk on the cutter shaft, the right-handed stubble cutter with multiple pieces evenly installed on one side of the stubble cutter disk along the circumference, and the left-handed stubble cutter with multiple left-handed stubble cutters evenly installed on the other side of the stubble cutter disk along the circumference, the stubble cutter circle The right-handed stubble removal knives and left-handed stubble removal knives on the disk are arranged alternately along the circumference, and the right-handed stubble removal knives and left-handed stubble removal knives on each adjacent stubble removal knife group are all alternately arranged in a spiral;

The rotary cultivating knife combination includes a set of intermediate stubble removing belt knife sets, and multiple sets of side stubble removing belt knife sets and multiple seeding knife sets arranged alternately on each side of the middle stubble removing belt knife set symmetrically centered on the intermediate stubble removing belt knife set. The bed belt knife group, adjacent to the middle stubble removal belt knife group is the seed bed belt knife group and it is arranged staggered along the circumference with the seed bed belt knife group;

The belt knife group for stubble removal includes the first pair of belt knives for stubble removal, the second pair of belt knives for stubble removal and the third pair of belt knives for stubble removal, the first pair of belt knives for stubble removal and the third pair of belt knives for stubble removal The pair of intermediate stubble removal belt knives are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second pair of intermediate stubble removal belt knives and arranged in a staggered manner along the circumference of the second pair of intermediate stubble removal belt knives. Arranged evenly on the shaft of the rotary tiller with opposite directions of rotation;

Each group of seed bed belt knives includes two pairs of orthogonal seed bed belt knives. The two seed bed belt knives of each pair of seed bed belt knives are evenly arranged on the rotary knife shaft along the circumference and have the same rotation direction. The two pairs of seed bed belt knives The direction of rotation of the knife is relatively arranged;

Each group of side stubble removal belt knives includes the first pair of side stubble removal belt knives, the second pair of side stubble removal belt knives and the third pair of side stubble removal belt knives, and the two side stubble removal belt knives of each pair of side stubble removal belt knives are evenly arranged on the circumference On the axis of the rotary cultivating knife and in the opposite direction of rotation, all six side stubble cutting belt knives of each group of side stubble cutting belt knives are staggered and evenly distributed along the circumference;

Moreover, all the side stubble removal belt knives in the multiple side stubble removal belt knife groups on each side of the middle stubble removal belt knife group and all the seed bed belt knives in the multiple seed bed belt knife groups are staggered along the circumference and arranged in a spiral.

Further, the rear end of the bottom of the rack is provided with an obliquely downward rear support plate, and several partitions arranged in parallel are inserted into the end of the rear support plate, and the rear support plate is located on each adjacent The positions between the partitions are provided with gaps in the seed bed belts that communicate with the outside, and the gaps in the seed bed belts are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with multiple groups of seed bed belt knife groups; they are arranged alternately with the gaps in the seed bed belts The convex plate on the said rear support plate is distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the middle band knife group for stubble removal and the side stubble band knife group.

Further, the belt knife for seed bed is IT245 rotary tillage scimitar, and the belt knife for stubble removal is IT195 rotary tillage scimitar.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention adopts the alternate arrangement of the stubble removal belt knife group and the seed bed belt knife group, which reduces the power consumption of the machine compared with the blade arrangement of the full rotation mode , and all the blades are arranged in a multi-segment helical manner to avoid the soil from being transported sideways, thereby reducing the turning of the soil, which has the functions of soil, water and fertilizer preservation; the rear supporting plate at the bottom of the frame avoids the need for planting The soil in the bed zone moves to the stubble removal zone, which is more conducive to the growth of seeds.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of band seed bed preparation device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the combined arrangement of the rotary tiller in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the operation sketch map of Fig. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement in FIG. 3 .

In the figure: rotary tiller shaft 1 (among them: rotary tiller combination 11, middle stubble removal belt knife group 11a, side stubble removal belt knife group 11b, seed bed band knife group 11c), stubble removal knife shaft 2 (among them: stubble removal knife group 21 , stubble cutter disk 22, left-handed stubble cutter 23, right-handed stubble cutter 24), frame 3 (wherein: side plate 3.1), stubble cutter shaft transmission gearbox 4, rotary cultivator shaft transmission gearbox 5, three-point suspension Device 6, rear support plate 7, partition 8, seed bed belt gap 9, convex plate 10, central gear box 12, box ditch 13, original ground surface 14, ground surface after operation 15, seed bed belt 16, stubble removal belt 17;

The first pair of middle stubble removal with knife a1, the second pair of middle stubble removal with knife a2, the third pair of middle stubble removal with knife a3, the first pair of side stubble removal with knife b1, the second pair of side stubble removal with knife b2, the third pair of side stubble removal With knife b3, seed bed with knife c1.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, it is the belt-shaped seed bed preparation device of the present invention, in conjunction with shown in Figure 2, comprises frame 3, three-point suspension device 6, central gear box 12, stubble removal knife shaft 2, rotary tiller shaft 1, stubble removal Cutter shaft transmission gearbox 4, rotary tiller shaft transmission gearbox 5 and rear supporting plate 7. Wherein, the three-point suspension device 6 is fixed on the top of the frame 3 by pins, during operation, the three-point suspension device 6 is connected to the corresponding three-point suspension device on the tractor by pins, thereby fixing the belt-shaped seed bed preparation device of the present invention Installed on the tractor; in addition, one end of the stubble removal cutter shaft 2 is fixed on the bottom front end of the frame 3 side plate 3.1, and the other end of the stubble removal cutter shaft 2 is fixed on the bottom front end of the other side plate 3.1 of the frame 3, and the stubble removal cutter shaft There are many sets of stubble removal knife groups 21 installed on the 2. Similarly, one end of the rotary tiller shaft 1 is fixed on the bottom rear end of the frame 3 side plate 3.1, and the other end of the rotary tiller shaft 1 is fixed on the other side of the frame 3. At the bottom rear end of the side plate 3.1, a rotary tiller combination 11 is installed on the rotary knife shaft 1, and the stubble knife shaft 2 and the rotary tiller shaft 2 are arranged in parallel with a sufficient gap between the two, so that the stubble knife shaft 2 The stubble removal knife group 21 does not interfere with the rotary tiller combination 11 on the rotary tiller shaft 1. At the same time, one end of the stubble cutter shaft 2 is connected with the stubble cutter shaft transmission gearbox 4, and one end of the rotary tiller shaft 1 is connected to the rotary tiller shaft 1. The cutter shaft transmission gearbox 5 is connected, and the stubble removal cutter shaft transmission gearbox 4 and the rotary cultivator shaft transmission gearbox 5 are arranged on both sides of the chassis 3, that is, the two are not on the same side, so that the overall structure is compact and the space occupied is small. Gear box 12 is all linked to each other with stubble cutter shaft transmission gearbox 4 and rotary cultivator shaft transmission gearbox 5.

As shown in Figure 1 again, each set of stubble removal knife group 21 includes a stubble removal knife disc 22 sleeved on the stubble removal knife shaft 2, a plurality of right-handed stubble removal knife discs 24 evenly installed on one side of the stubble removal knife disc 22 along the circumference and 24 knives. A plurality of left-handed stubble removal knives 23 that are evenly installed on the other side of the stubble removal knife disc 22 along the circumference, in this embodiment, the right-handed stubble removal knives 24 and the left-handed stubble removal knives 23 are three pieces and are all installed on the stubble removal knife shaft tool holder On the stubble removal knife disc 22; in addition, three right-handed stubble removal knives 24 and three left-handed stubble removal knives 23 on the stubble removal knife disc 22 are arranged alternately along the circumference, that is, each left-handed stubble removal knife 23 is located between two right-handed stubble removal knives 24 Between, the included angle of two connected stubble removal knives is 60 °, and the left-handed stubble removal knives 23 and the right-handed stubble removal knives 24 on each adjacent stubble removal knife group 21 are all staggered, so that the right-handed stubble removal knives on each adjacent stubble removal knife group 21 Rotary stubble removal cutter 24 and left-handed stubble removal cutter 23 are all staggered and arranged in a spiral.

As shown in Figure 3, the rotary tiller combination 11 includes a set of intermediate stubble removal belt knife sets 11a, and multiple sets of sides that are symmetrically distributed on each side of the middle stubble removal belt knife set 11a and alternately arranged with the middle stubble removal belt knife set 11a as the center of symmetry. The stubble removal belt knife group 11b and the multi-group seed bed belt knife group 11c, that is, the seed bed belt knife group 11c and the side stubble removal belt knife group 11b are arranged alternately, and the seed bed belt knife group 11c is adjacent to the middle stubble removal belt knife group 11a And with the belt knife group 11c of the seed bed, the arrangement is staggered along the circumference; The pattern of blade arrangement reduces the power consumption of the machine.

The belt knife group 11a for intermediate stubble removal includes the first pair of intermediate belt knives for stubble removal a1, the second pair of intermediate belt knives for stubble removal a2 and the third pair of intermediate belt knives for stubble removal a3, the first pair of intermediate belt knives for stubble removal a1 and the third pair of intermediate belt knives for stubble removal a3 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second pair of middle stubble removal belt knives a2 with the second pair of middle stubble removal belt knives a2 as the center of symmetry, and is staggered with the second pair of middle stubble removal belt knives a2 along the circumference. The staggered angle in this embodiment is 120°, the two intermediate stubble removal belt knives of each pair of middle stubble removal belt knives are evenly arranged on the rotary tiller shaft 1 along the circumference and the rotation direction is opposite;

Each group of seed bed belts 11c knife group includes two pairs of orthogonal seed bed belt knives c1, and the two seed bed belt knives of each pair of seed bed belt knives c1 are evenly arranged on the rotary tiller shaft 1 along the circumference and have the same rotation direction. At the same time, the rotational directions of the two pairs of seed bed belt knives c1 are relatively arranged; in this embodiment, all the seed bed belt knives are IT245 rotary tillage scimitars for deep rotary seeding;

Each group of side stubble removal belt knives 11b includes the first pair of side stubble removal belt knives b1, the second pair of side stubble removal belt knives b2 and the third pair of side stubble removal belt knives b3, and the two side stubble removal belt knives of each pair of side stubble removal belt knives The circumference is evenly arranged on the shaft 1 of the rotary tiller and the direction of rotation is opposite. The six side stubble cutters of each group of side stubble cutters 11b are staggered and evenly distributed along the circumference; all the stubble cutters in this embodiment are IT195 rotary tillers. Knife, for shallow rotation of stubble;

In addition, all the side stubble removal belt knives in the multiple side stubble removal belt knife groups 11b on each side of the middle stubble removal belt knife group 11a and all the seed bed belt knives in the multiple seed bed belt knife groups 11c are staggered along the circumference to form a spiral arrangement, That is, the form and angle of arrangement of all middle stubble removal belt knives, all side stubble removal belt knives and all seed bed belt knives are arranged as shown in Figure 5 (A1 is IT245 right-handed, A2 is IT245 left-handed, B1 is IT195 Right-handed, B2 is IT195 left-handed), in the present embodiment, 6 seed bed belts and 7 stubble removal belts are formed in total as shown in the figure, and all blades have avoided soil lateral soil transport according to the multi-section spiral arrangement mode; In addition, All seed bed band knives and all stubble removal band knives are installed on the rotary tiller shaft through the rotary tiller shaft knife holder.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the rear support plate 7 is installed obliquely downward on the bottom rear end of the frame 3 through pins, and several partitions 8 arranged in parallel are inserted into the end of the rear support plate 7, and the rear support plate 7 The supporting plate 7 is provided with a seed bed belt gap 9 communicating with the outside at a position between each adjacent partition plate 8, and the seed bed belt gap 9 is distributed in one-to-one correspondence with multiple groups of seed bed belt knife groups 11c respectively, and is connected with the seed bed belt knife group 11c. The convex plate 10 on the rear supporting plate 7 arranged alternately with the gaps 9 in the bed is distributed in one-to-one correspondence with a group of intermediate stubble removal belt knife groups 11a and multiple side stubble removal belt knife groups 11b, as shown in Figure 4, that is, 6 types The bed band gap 9 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with 6 seed bed bands 16, and the width of the seed bed band 16 gaps is 100mm, and the 7 convex plates 10 on the rear supporting plate 7 (that is, the non-seeding bed bands on the rear supporting plate gap) and 7 stubble removal belts 17 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The rear supporting plate 7 at the rear end of the bottom of the frame 3 prevents the soil from the seedbed belt from moving to the stubble removal zone, which is more conducive to the growth of seeds.

When working, the rear output shaft of the tractor provides power, which is transmitted to the stubble cutter shaft transmission gearbox 4 and the rotary tiller shaft drive gearbox 5 through the central gear box 12, driving the rotary tiller roller 1 and the stubble cutter roller 2 to rotate, thereby driving stubble removal Knife group 21 and rotary tiller combination 11 rotate, and form staggered arrangement of 6 seedbed belts 16 and 7 stubble removal belts 17 after the operation, as shown in Figure 4, is the operation schematic diagram, comprises box ditch 13, original surface 14, operation Back ground surface 15, seed bed band 16 (corresponding with it the seed bed band gap 9 regional positions on the rear supporting plate 7), stubble removal band 17 (corresponding with it the convex plate 10 regional positions on the rear supporting plate 7).

Claims (3)

1. A strip seedbed preparation device comprises a rack (3), a three-point suspension device (6) arranged on the rack (3) and used for being connected with a tractor, a stubble cleaning cutter shaft (2) and a rotary tillage cutter shaft (1) which are both arranged at the bottom of the rack (3), a plurality of sets of stubble cleaning cutter groups (21) arranged on the stubble cleaning cutter shaft (2) and a rotary tillage cutter combination (11) arranged on the rotary tillage cutter shaft (1), wherein one end of the stubble cleaning cutter shaft (2) is connected with a stubble cleaning cutter shaft transmission gear box (4), one end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft (1) is connected with a rotary tillage cutter shaft transmission gear box (5), and the stubble cleaning cutter shaft transmission gear box (4) and the rotary tillage cutter shaft transmission gear box (5) are connected with a central gear box (12); the method is characterized in that: each stubble cleaning cutter group (21) comprises a stubble cleaning cutter disc (22) sleeved on the stubble cleaning cutter shaft (2), a plurality of right-handed stubble cleaning cutters (24) uniformly arranged on one surface of the stubble cleaning cutter disc (22) along the circumference and a plurality of left-handed stubble cleaning cutters (23) uniformly arranged on the other surface of the stubble cleaning cutter disc (22) along the circumference, the right-handed stubble cleaning cutters (24) and the left-handed stubble cleaning cutters (23) on the stubble cleaning cutter disc (22) are alternately arranged along the circumference, and the right-handed stubble cleaning cutters (24) and the left-handed stubble cleaning cutters (23) on each adjacent stubble cleaning cutter group (21) are alternately arranged in a spiral way;

the rotary tillage cutter combination (11) comprises a group of middle stubble cleaning band cutter sets (11 a), a plurality of groups of side stubble cleaning band cutter sets (11 b) and a plurality of groups of seed bed band cutter sets (11 c), wherein the middle stubble cleaning band cutter sets (11 a) are symmetrically distributed on each side of the middle stubble cleaning band cutter sets (11 a) as a symmetric center and are alternately arranged, and the seed bed band cutter sets (11 c) are adjacent to the middle stubble cleaning band cutter sets (11 a) and are arranged in a staggered mode with the seed bed band cutter sets (11 c) along the circumference;

the middle stubble cleaning band knife group (11 a) comprises a first pair of middle stubble cleaning band knives (a 1), a second pair of middle stubble cleaning band knives (a 2) and a third pair of middle stubble cleaning band knives (a 3), the first pair of middle stubble cleaning band knives (a 1) and the third pair of middle stubble cleaning band knives (a 3) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second pair of middle stubble cleaning band knives (a 2) by taking the second pair of middle stubble cleaning band knives (a 2) as a symmetrical center and are staggered with the second pair of middle stubble cleaning band knives (a 2) along the circumference, and the two middle stubble cleaning band knives of each pair of middle stubble cleaning band knives (a 1) are uniformly arranged on the rotary tillage knife shaft (1) along the circumference and have opposite rotation directions;

each seed bed band knife group (11 c) comprises two pairs of orthogonal seed bed band knives (c 1), two seed bed band knives of each pair of seed bed band knives (c 1) are uniformly arranged on the rotary tillage knife shaft (1) along the circumference and have the same rotating direction, and the rotating directions of the two pairs of seed bed band knives (c 1) are oppositely arranged;

each group of side stubble cleaning band knife groups (11 b) comprises a first pair of side stubble cleaning band knives (b 1), a second pair of side stubble cleaning band knives (b 1) and a third pair of side stubble cleaning band knives (b 1), two side stubble cleaning band knives of each pair of side stubble cleaning band knives are uniformly arranged on the rotary tillage knife shaft (1) along the circumference and have opposite rotation directions, and all six side stubble cleaning band knives of each group of side stubble cleaning band knife groups (11 b) are staggered and uniformly distributed along the circumference;

moreover, all the side stubble-cleaning band cutters in the multiple groups of side stubble-cleaning band cutters (11 b) on each side of the middle stubble-cleaning band cutter group (11 a) and all the seed bed band cutters in the multiple groups of seed bed band cutters (11 c) are staggered along the circumference and are spirally arranged;

one end of the stubble cleaning cutter shaft (2) is fixed at the front end of the bottom of one side plate (3.1) of the rack (3), and the other end of the stubble cleaning cutter shaft (2) is fixed at the front end of the bottom of the other side plate (3.1) of the rack (3); one end of a rotary tillage cutter shaft (1) is fixed at the rear end of the bottom of one side plate (3.1) of the frame (3), and the other end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft (1) is fixed at the rear end of the bottom of the other side plate (3.1) of the frame (3); the stubble-cleaning cutter shaft (2) and the rotary tillage cutter shaft (1) are arranged in parallel, a gap is arranged between the stubble-cleaning cutter shaft and the rotary tillage cutter shaft, and the stubble-cleaning cutter shaft transmission gear box (4) and the rotary tillage cutter shaft transmission gear box (5) are arranged on two sides of the case (3).

2. The strap-like seedbed preparation apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: a rear support plate (7) which is inclined downwards is arranged at the rear end of the bottom of the rack (3), a plurality of parallel partition plates (8) are inserted into the tail end of the rear support plate (7), a seed bed belt notch (9) which is communicated with the outside is formed in the position, between every two adjacent partition plates (8), on the rear support plate (7), and the seed bed belt notches (9) are respectively distributed in a one-to-one correspondence manner with a plurality of seed bed belt cutter groups (11 c); the convex plates (10) on the rear supporting plate (7) which are alternately arranged with the seed bed with the notches (9) are distributed in a one-to-one correspondence way with a group of middle stubble cleaning band knife groups (11 a) and a plurality of groups of side stubble cleaning band knife groups (11 b).

3. The strip seedbed preparation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the seedbed band knife is an IT245 rotary tillage curved knife, and the stubble cleaning band knife is an IT195 rotary tillage curved knife.

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