CN106908048B - The reverse coordinate of deep shaft transmits cultellation measurement method - Google Patents
The reverse coordinate of deep shaft transmits cultellation measurement method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106908048B CN106908048B CN201710071169.XA CN201710071169A CN106908048B CN 106908048 B CN106908048 B CN 106908048B CN 201710071169 A CN201710071169 A CN 201710071169A CN 106908048 B CN106908048 B CN 106908048B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cultellation
- shaft
- point
- laser
- total station
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the reverse coordinates of deep shaft to transmit cultellation measurement method, belong to deep shaft coordinate transmitting cultellation technical field of construction, the measurement method is convenient for burying point in shaft bottom, occupy the well hole time is short, precision is high, easy to operate, measuring speed is fast, it is practical, be easy to pile anchoring, be easy to carry out the transmitting of deep shaft plane and elevation transmitting measurement, be not easily susceptible in vertical shaft be influenced by air-flow and dripping.Include the following steps: the apparatus selection before (1) carries out cultellation and instrument verification；(2) setting laser plummet apparatus inversely transmits cultellation；(3) inversely transmitting is handled total station vertical shaft elevation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to deep shaft coordinates to transmit cultellation technical field of construction, and in particular to the reverse coordinate transmitting of deep shaft is thrown
Point measurement method.
Background technique
In constructing tunnel, in order to accelerate construction progress and divulge information, major long tunnel especially urban subway tunnel is often adopted
With increase vertical shaft method come increase construction face to accelerate construction progress, in order to guarantee that opposite excavation face can be penetrated through correctly,
Just coordinate, direction and the elevation in terrestrial net underground be must be transmitted to via vertical shaft, underground control net and ground made
On control net coordinate system it is unified.Therefore, vertical shaft transmitting connection survey just becomes the primary problem of construction.
The method of vertical shaft plane connection survey is presently mainly that vertical shaft is used to be buried by the downward cultellation of well head in shaft bottom at present
Point carries out.Its specific practice is that two steel wires of extension, the upper end of steel wire are hauled with puffer on the ground in pit shaft, lower end steel
The geometric orientation measurement method of silk suspension weight, this method send out plumb bob line due to being influenced by vertical shaft by air-flow and dripping
Raw offset and ceaselessly swinging may be only available for vertical shaft it is shallower, to the lower shaft plumbing of penetrating accuracy requirement, and vertical shaft by
The downward cultellation of well head buries point inconvenience in shaft bottom, therefore, it is easy to use to design one kind, and be not easily susceptible in vertical shaft by air-flow
It is very necessary with the reverse coordinate transmitting cultellation measurement method of deep shaft for influence of dripping.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to provide a kind of deep shaft to solve existing vertical shaft plane connection survey above shortcomings
Reverse coordinate transmits cultellation measurement method, which is convenient for burying point in shaft bottom, the occupancy well hole time is short, precision is high,
It is easy to operate, measuring speed is fast, it is practical, be easy to pile anchoring, be easy to carry out the transmitting of deep shaft plane and elevation transmitting measurement, no
It is influenced vulnerable in vertical shaft by air-flow and dripping.
The above technical problem is solved through the following technical scheme:
The reverse coordinate of deep shaft transmits cultellation measurement method, and measurement method includes the following steps:
(1) apparatus selection and instrument verification before carrying out cultellation；
(2) setting laser plummet apparatus inversely transmits cultellation；
(3) inversely transmitting is handled total station vertical shaft elevation.
This measurement method uses the reverse cultellation method of laser plummet apparatus of upward cultellation, solves vertical shaft by the downward cultellation of well head
The problem of point inconvenience is buried in shaft bottom.It is convenient that the measurement method in shaft bottom buries point, occupies that the well hole time is short, precision
It is high, easy to operate, measuring speed is fast, it is practical, be easy to pile anchoring, be easy to carry out the transmitting of deep shaft plane and elevation transmitting survey
Amount is not easily susceptible in vertical shaft be influenced by air-flow and dripping.
Preferably, the apparatus selection and instrument checking procedure before progress cultellation include:
(1.1) laser plummet apparatus of choice accuracy 1/200000 comes card TS30 robot measurement as cultellation instrument and use
Calibration is carried out as the reverse transfer device of elevation, and to laser plummet apparatus；
(1.2) laser plummet apparatus alidade is carried out to diameter measurement in different orientation, eliminates the water of laser plummet apparatus
The influence of fiducial axis and instrument rotary shaft, collimation axis and rotation axle misalignment；
(1.3) on calibration platform or an elevation building is looked for, centering leveling first is carried out to laser plummet apparatus, is then rotated
Laser plummet apparatus checks whether laser plummet apparatus circular bubble and bubble tube are placed in the middle, makes axis of levelling bubble parallel or perpendicular to sharp
Then level alidade is respectively aligned to 0 ° of instrument scale, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° of four scale sides by the rotary shaft of light plumb aligner
Position simultaneously rotates laser plummet apparatus alidade, and the center of graticle crosshair is observed by eyepiece, sees that 4 point centers of reading are
No coincidence, if, the center of the graticle crosshair of laser plummet apparatus is overlapped with tester center of reticule, illustrates laser plumb
The collimation axis of instrument be it is vertical, illustrate that accuracy of instrument is met the requirements, do not need adjustment；Otherwise, eyepiece protection cap, adjustment ten are opened
Word silk, until the center of reticule of laser plummet apparatus is directed toward the same point always.
Preferably, setting laser plummet apparatus inversely transmits cultellation and includes the following steps:
(2.1) vertical shaft shaft bottom control point is embedded；
(2.2) Shaft bank operation rack is set up；
(2.3) the reverse cultellation of laser plummet apparatus；
(2.4) the reverse cultellation of well head is the same as ground control point connection survey.
Preferably, the embedded process in vertical shaft shaft bottom control point is: 3 control points are buried in the suitable position in vertical shaft shaft bottom,
And the point depth of burying at control point will be lower than vertical shaft inverted arch bottom surface about 10cm；The mutual distance in 3 control points according to
The width dimensions of vertical shaft want to the greatest extent possible maximum, to improve vertically and horizontally precision when total station pilot measurement；It should be infused in embedded point
Meaning avoiding shelter.
Preferably, Shaft bank operation rack sets up process and is: laser plummet apparatus being erected on the control point of shaft bottom, is beaten
It opens laser and looks for the position that operating platform is set up in wherein position convenient for the worker on the pit mouth of ground, it be in operating platform laser
150mm × 150mm and preformed hole corresponding with shaft bottom control point vertical are reserved in the position that beam passes through, and guarantee vertical in laser beam
Preformed hole can be passed through when irradiation upwards；If being provided with wall around vertical shaft, operating platform is allowed to be significantly larger than wall.
Preferably, the reverse cultellation setting up procedure of laser plummet apparatus is:
(2.3.1) disposes laser plumb instrument: three control points D0, D1 and D2 is arranged in shaft bottom, then in D0, D1, D2
Laser plummet apparatus is set up on these three control points respectively, and laser plummet apparatus centering is flattened；
(2.3.2) is placed in reserved opening and is received target: D0 ', D1 ', D2 ' on well head gantry crane crossbeam operating platform this three
The transparent glass of 200mm × 200mm is placed on the preformed hole of a control point 150mm × 150mm respectively as reception target；
(2.3.3) diameter cultellation: opening laser plummet apparatus Laser Power Devices, have beam of laser and project from telephotolens,
It projects on the gantry crane crossbeam of well head top on the reception target of 150mm × 150mm preformed hole, using diameter method of reading, operation instrument
In 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree, this four disk position cultellations position device respectively, survey crew's marking pen on operating platform
Determine 4 LASER SPECKLE positions respectively on glass receiver board；The point that 4 directions are thrown constitutes approximation on glass receiver board
In square, and require the side length of square within 5mm；
(2.3.4) diameter intersects punctum: 0 degree of point and 180 degree point and 90 degree of points and 270 degree of point interconnections are handed over
Point is the vertical control point in the shaft bottom；
(2.3.5) forms triangular closed ring: laser plummet apparatus is on well and D0 ' and D0, D1 ' and D1, D2 ' are cast in underground
And D2, and D0 ' and D0 are spatially 2 points, but while projecting to same plane just becomes 1 point；Similarly, D1 ' and D1 is thrown
Also become 1 point when shadow is to same plane, D2 ' and D2 also become 1 point when projecting to same plane；Conducting wire passes through cultellation on well
It is linked to be a triangular closed ring, underground conducting wire is also linked to be a triangular closed ring by cultellation；
Other 2 control points D0, D2 (2.3.6) are communicated up cultellation using same method；
The detection of (2.3.7) close ring: three control point groups of D0 ', D1 ', D2 ' on well head top operating platform are inversely thrown into
At triangle, mutual angle and distance relationship is checked using total station TS30, is confirmed the interior of thrown control point and is met essence
Degree；
(2.3.1)~(2.3.7) step is repeated several times in (2.3.8), takes its cultellation position mean value.
Preferably, the reverse cultellation of well head is with ground control point connection survey process: shaft bottom is inversely transmitted to operation
Control point D0 ', D1 ', D2 ' on platform utilize total station with the control point WH1 and WH2 near well head according in total station hole two
The measurement method of equal conducting wires carries out translocation, and total station is no less than 6 survey time.
Preferably, total station vertical shaft elevation inversely transmits treatment process is:
(3.1) basic point pilot measurement: using the electronic level of assay approval by ground elevation according to the side of second-order levelling
D0 ' in method and precision pilot measurement to shaft mouth operating bench, D1 ', on three control points D2 '；
(3.2) instrumental constant is arranged: before measurement, first total station is placed in vertical shaft and adapts to domestic environment about 20 minutes,
And total station is searched for horizontal extent automatically and increases 180 degree, vertical search range is reduced to 3 degree；
(3.3) it elevation reverse sourcing: is searched for automatically using robot measurement, sights, automatic measurement, automatically records automatically
Function places 1 spherical prism above the plumb line at Shaft bank Yu shaft bottom control point, and total station centering leveling is erected at
On the control point D0 of shaft bottom, and measures height of instrument and be recorded in the reverse cultellation specific record table of elevation；Prism is inputted before measurement
Constant；Total station carrying handle is laid down, total station is manually substantially concentrated one's gaze on to the zenith prismosphere above well head, this is only to need to see whole station
The zenith angle of instrument display screen is shown as 0 degree, open total station search for, sight automatically automatically, automatic measurement function, total station
Automatically it searches for and sights the prismosphere on well head zenith direction automatically and start to measure, at this point, shown by total station display screen
Distance plus height of instrument be vertical shaft elevation；
(3.4) D1 is as the method that the reverse transmission method of elevation at two shaft bottoms D2 control point is transmitted with D0 elevation；
(3.5) elevation imports accuracy detection: after all importing to shaft bottom D0, D1 and D2 elevation, in shaft bottom whole station
Whether instrument triangulated height or level meter detection close ring meet third measurement of the level required precision；If precision transfinites, find out
Reason simultaneously returns to the repetition benefit survey of (3.2) step；
(3.6) after tested, total station does not need additional purchase installation diagonal eyepiece can sight zenith direction automatically
Prism.
The above technical problem is solved through the following technical scheme:
The present invention can reach following effect:
Measurement method of the invention use upward cultellation the reverse cultellation method of laser plummet apparatus, solve vertical shaft from well head to
Lower cultellation buries the problem of point inconvenience in shaft bottom.It is convenient that the measurement method in shaft bottom buries point, occupy the well hole time it is short,
Precision is high, easy to operate, measuring speed is fast, it is practical, be easy to pile anchoring, be easy to carry out the transmitting of deep shaft plane and elevation transmitting
Measurement is not easily susceptible in vertical shaft be influenced by air-flow and dripping.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of reverse cultellation schematic diagram of laser plummet apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of reverse coordinate transmitting cultellation construction survey method flow diagram of deep shaft of invention the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is that the laser of laser plummet apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention passes through a kind of use state diagram of light passing pipe.
Fig. 4 is a kind of circuit theory connection structure schematic block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment, the reverse coordinate of deep shaft transmit cultellation measurement method, and referring to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, measurement method includes such as
Lower step:
(1) apparatus selection and instrument verification before carrying out cultellation；
(2) setting laser plummet apparatus inversely transmits cultellation；
(3) inversely transmitting is handled total station vertical shaft elevation.
Apparatus selection and instrument checking procedure before carrying out cultellation include:
(1.1) laser plummet apparatus of choice accuracy 1/200000 comes card TS30 robot measurement as cultellation instrument and use
Calibration is carried out as the reverse transfer device of elevation, and to laser plummet apparatus；
(1.2) laser plummet apparatus alidade is carried out to diameter measurement in different orientation, eliminates the water of laser plummet apparatus
The influence of fiducial axis and instrument rotary shaft, collimation axis and rotation axle misalignment；
(1.3) on calibration platform or an elevation building is looked for, centering leveling first is carried out to laser plummet apparatus, is then rotated
Laser plummet apparatus checks whether laser plummet apparatus circular bubble and bubble tube are placed in the middle, makes axis of levelling bubble parallel or perpendicular to sharp
Then level alidade is respectively aligned to 0 ° of instrument scale, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° of four scale sides by the rotary shaft of light plumb aligner
Position simultaneously rotates laser plummet apparatus alidade, and the center of graticle crosshair is observed by eyepiece, sees that 4 point centers of reading are
No coincidence, if, the center of the graticle crosshair of laser plummet apparatus is overlapped with tester center of reticule, illustrates laser plumb
The collimation axis of instrument be it is vertical, illustrate that accuracy of instrument is met the requirements, do not need adjustment；Otherwise, eyepiece protection cap, adjustment ten are opened
Word silk, until the center of reticule of laser plummet apparatus is directed toward the same point always.
Setting laser plummet apparatus inversely transmits cultellation and includes the following steps:
(2.1) vertical shaft shaft bottom control point is embedded；
(2.2) Shaft bank operation rack is set up；
(2.3) the reverse cultellation of laser plummet apparatus；
(2.4) the reverse cultellation of well head is the same as ground control point connection survey.
It buries process in vertical shaft shaft bottom control point: burying 3 control points, and control point in the suitable position in vertical shaft shaft bottom
The point depth of burying to be lower than vertical shaft inverted arch bottom surface about 10cm；The mutual distance in 3 control points is according to the width of vertical shaft
Size wants to the greatest extent possible maximum, to improve vertically and horizontally precision when total station pilot measurement；It should be noted that in embedded point and avoid blocking
Object.
Shaft bank operation rack, which sets up process, is: laser plummet apparatus being erected on the control point of shaft bottom, opens laser just
The position that operating platform is set up in wherein position is looked in the worker on the pit mouth of ground, to be passed through in operating platform laser beam
150mm × 150mm and preformed hole corresponding with shaft bottom control point vertical are reserved in position, guarantee to irradiate vertically upward in laser beam
When can pass through preformed hole；If being provided with wall around vertical shaft, operating platform is allowed to be significantly larger than wall.
The reverse cultellation setting up procedure of laser plummet apparatus is:
(2.3.1) disposes laser plumb instrument: three control points D0, D1 and D2 is arranged in shaft bottom, then in D0, D1, D2
Laser plummet apparatus is set up on these three control points respectively, and laser plummet apparatus centering is flattened；
(2.3.2) is placed in reserved opening and is received target: D0 ', D1 ', D2 ' on well head gantry crane crossbeam operating platform this three
The transparent glass of 200mm × 200mm is placed on the preformed hole of a control point 150mm × 150mm respectively as reception target；
(2.3.3) diameter cultellation: opening laser plummet apparatus Laser Power Devices, have beam of laser and project from telephotolens,
It projects on the gantry crane crossbeam of well head top on the reception target of 150mm × 150mm preformed hole, using diameter method of reading, operation instrument
In 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree, this four disk position cultellations position device respectively, survey crew's marking pen on operating platform
Determine 4 LASER SPECKLE positions respectively on glass receiver board；The point that 4 directions are thrown constitutes approximation on glass receiver board
In square, and require the side length of square within 5mm；
(2.3.4) diameter intersects punctum: 0 degree of point and 180 degree point and 90 degree of points and 270 degree of point interconnections are handed over
Point is the vertical control point in the shaft bottom；
(2.3.5) forms triangular closed ring: laser plummet apparatus is on well and D0 ' and D0, D1 ' and D1, D2 ' are cast in underground
And D2, and D0 ' and D0 are spatially 2 points, but while projecting to same plane just becomes 1 point；Similarly, D1 ' and D1 is thrown
Also become 1 point when shadow is to same plane, D2 ' and D2 also become 1 point when projecting to same plane；Conducting wire passes through cultellation on well
It is linked to be a triangular closed ring, underground conducting wire is also linked to be a triangular closed ring by cultellation；
Other 2 control points D0, D2 (2.3.6) are communicated up cultellation using same method；
The detection of (2.3.7) close ring: three control point groups of D0 ', D1 ', D2 ' on well head top operating platform are inversely thrown into
At triangle, mutual angle and distance relationship is checked using total station TS30, is confirmed the interior of thrown control point and is met essence
Degree；
(2.3.1)~(2.3.7) step is repeated several times in (2.3.8), takes its cultellation position mean value.
The reverse cultellation of well head is with ground control point connection survey process: control shaft bottom being inversely transmitted on operating platform
Making point D0 ', D1 ', D2 ' utilizes total station with the control point WH1 and WH2 near well head according to the survey of second-class conducting wire in total station hole
Amount method carries out translocation, and total station is no less than 6 survey time.
Total station vertical shaft elevation inversely transmits treatment process:
(3.1) basic point pilot measurement: using the electronic level of assay approval by ground elevation according to the side of second-order levelling
D0 ' in method and precision pilot measurement to shaft mouth operating bench, D1 ', on three control points D2 '；
(3.2) instrumental constant is arranged: before measurement, first total station is placed in vertical shaft and adapts to domestic environment about 20 minutes,
And total station is searched for horizontal extent automatically and increases 180 degree, vertical search range is reduced to 3 degree；
(3.3) it elevation reverse sourcing: is searched for automatically using robot measurement, sights, automatic measurement, automatically records automatically
Function places 1 spherical prism above the plumb line at Shaft bank Yu shaft bottom control point, and total station centering leveling is erected at
On the control point D0 of shaft bottom, and measures height of instrument and be recorded in the reverse cultellation specific record table of elevation；Prism is inputted before measurement
Constant；Total station carrying handle is laid down, total station is manually substantially concentrated one's gaze on to the zenith prismosphere above well head, this is only to need to see whole station
The zenith angle of instrument display screen is shown as 0 degree, open total station search for, sight automatically automatically, automatic measurement function, total station
Automatically it searches for and sights the prismosphere on well head zenith direction automatically and start to measure, at this point, shown by total station display screen
Distance plus height of instrument be vertical shaft elevation；
(3.4) D1 is as the method that the reverse transmission method of elevation at two shaft bottoms D2 control point is transmitted with D0 elevation；
(3.5) elevation imports accuracy detection: after all importing to shaft bottom D0, D1 and D2 elevation, in shaft bottom whole station
Whether instrument triangulated height or level meter detection close ring meet third measurement of the level required precision；If precision transfinites, find out
Reason simultaneously returns to the repetition benefit survey of (3.2) step；
(3.6) after tested, total station does not need additional purchase installation diagonal eyepiece can sight zenith direction automatically
Prism.
The apparatus selection of the present embodiment include 1 for traverse survey high-precision intelligent total station, 1 for upslide
The optics zenith instrument of point, 1 set for downward cultellation laser plummet apparatus, 4 be used for the prism of conducting wire ranging angle measurement, 1 use
Import that the mini micro-lens used, 4 centering pedestals for disposing prism, 5 for disposing the foot prop of instrument in elevation
The steel tape for comparing test and using is imported for elevation with 2.D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 in Fig. 1 are that underground control net is sat
Control point on mark system, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5 and d6 are the line controlled between net control point for underground.
It is shown in Figure 3.It is buried in vertical shaft shaft bottom and is equipped with inverted arch vertical holes on the vertical shaft inverted arch bottom surface at control point, faced upward
Encircle and be equipped with bracket S1 in vertical holes, the spherical groove S4 for having opening up and down is equipped on bracket, ten thousand in spherical groove
It is equipped with spin S3 to rotation, laser plummet apparatus S2 is fixed in the spin of spherical groove upper open end, in spherical groove under shed
Sunpender S5 is fixed in the spin at end straight down, is fixed with gravitation ball S6 in downrod lower end, and laser plummet apparatus
The centre of sphere of laser center line, the centre of sphere of Roll and gravitation ball is all fallen on the extended line of the axial line of sunpender.
It is shown in Figure 4.The voice prompting S11 for being equipped with microcontroller S12 on the operational platform and being connect with microcontroller
Device is equipped with the light passing pipe S8 that the laser S7 of laser plummet apparatus can be allowed to pass through in preformed hole S9 on the operational platform vertically, logical
The inner tubal wall of light pipe is equipped with the photoelectric sensor S10 connecting with microcontroller.
When the well head of vertical shaft tilts, the laser of laser plummet apparatus will be irradiated on the photoelectric sensor, microcontroller
After device receives the photosignal that photoelectric sensor transmits, microcontroller gives voice prompting device instruction immediately, allows voice prompting device
Issue voice prompting, user be easy to know well head whether run-off the straight.
One, with laser plummet apparatus, cultellation compares test to the reverse cultellation of laser plummet apparatus downward
It is met the requirements to verify the precision of the reverse cultellation of laser plummet apparatus, this measurement method is conventionally grasped by well head
Make the downward cultellation of platform.To reduce because laser plummet apparatus precision bring influences, use precision for 1/200000 Dalian La Tesheng
The ZL zenith instrument that the EN-20 laser plummet apparatus of production and the precision of Witter company production are 1/200000 compares test with precision.
On March 8th, 2014 is compared test in No. 2 vertical shafts of Borland Line for Passenger Transportation.No. 2 vertical shaft well depth 56.78m, shaft bottom inverted arch elevation
1064.000m well head gantry crane crossbeam elevation 1129.85m.Respectively by the instrument of two different operating methods of nadir instrument and zenith instrument
Device is erected on the traveling gantry crane above shaft bottom and well head.Nadir instrument, gantry crane are set up above the well head on gantry crane crossbeam
Crossbeam is apart from ground about 9m；At this point, height 66m of the laser plummet apparatus apart from shaft bottom control point, passes through live actual measurement cultellation
Obtain that EN-20 nadir instrument is consistent with ZL zenith instrument result, throw the error in point measurement of 3 control points D0, D1 and D2 all 1mm with
It is interior, penetrating accuracy requirement required for shaft plumbing is fully met, illustrates the feasible, precision using the reverse cultellation method of ZL zenith instrument
Reliably, easy to operate practical.Compare test result and is shown in Table 1 in detail.
The 1 reverse cultellation of ZL zenith instrument of table compares test result table with the vertical cultellation of EN-20 nadir instrument
Two, total station vertical shaft elevation, which is inversely transmitted, compares test with vertical ruler introductory technique
The vertical ruler introductory technique of tradition: elevation transmitting measurement is carried out using the method for suspending 100m steel ruler in midair in vertical shaft.On well and
Underground respectively disposes level to read the B Sopwith staff b2 on well head benchmark A Sopwith staff a1 and shaft bottom D0 respectively；Then it will identify
100m steel tape is suspended in well；And the weight that phase homogenous quantities are examined and determine with steel ruler should be suspended in midair on steel ruler.Stablize to steel tape
Shi Jing is upper and underground level passes through intercom while reading a2 and b2；Three survey time of independent observation is answered every time, per survey time will change
Height of instrument, three survey time measure on the ground, the height difference of underground bench mark is poor should be less than 3.0mm, the height difference of three survey time measurement carries out
Temperature, ruler are long and self weight tension corrects, and measure the reading of steel ruler three times obtained and are averaged.The elevation H of shaft bottom D0 pointD0=HA+
(a1-b1)+(a2-b2)。
D1 with D2 steel tape introductory technique with D0 as, after D0, D1, D2 all import after with shaft bottom level measurement closure
Ring checks the precision of importing.
The total station same step of elevation reverse sourcing method (3).
After tested, it is imported using 3 points of gained elevations of total station elevation vertical shaft reverse sourcing D0, D1, D2 with traditional vertical ruler
Method result is consistent.It the results are shown in Table 2 than surveying in detail.
The reverse elevation introductory technique of 2 total station of table compares test result with vertical ruler introductory technique
| Introductory technique | D0(m) | D1(m) | D2 | Required precision |
| Total station reverse sourcing method | 1063.8622 | 1063.8151 | 1063.9858 | ±3.1 |
| Hang down ruler introductory technique | 1063.8613 | 1063.8143 | 1063.9871 | ±3.1 |
| Difference (mm) | +0.9 | +0.8 | -1.3 | ±3.1 |
| Conclusion | Meet required precision | Meet required precision | Meet required precision | Meet required precision |
Embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with attached drawing, however, the implementation is not limited to the above embodiments, this field
Those of ordinary skill can be with various changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. the reverse coordinate of deep shaft transmits cultellation measurement method, which is characterized in that measurement method includes the following steps:
(1) apparatus selection and instrument verification before carrying out cultellation；
(2) setting laser plummet apparatus inversely transmits cultellation；
(3) inversely transmitting is handled total station vertical shaft elevation:
(3.1) basic point pilot measurement: using assay approval electronic level by ground elevation according to second-order levelling method and
D0 ' in precision pilot measurement to shaft mouth operating bench, D1 ', on three control points D2 '；
(3.2) instrumental constant is arranged: before measurement, first total station being placed in vertical shaft and adapts to domestic environment about 20 minutes, and will
Total station searches for horizontal extent automatically and increases 180 degree, and vertical search range is reduced to 3 degree；
(3.3) it elevation reverse sourcing: searched for using robot measurement, sighted automatically automatically, automatic measurement, the function such as automatically recording
Can, 1 spherical prism is placed above the plumb line at Shaft bank Yu shaft bottom control point, and total station centering leveling is erected at well
On the control point D0 of bottom, and measures height of instrument and be recorded in the reverse cultellation specific record table of elevation；Input prism is normal before measurement
Number；Total station carrying handle is laid down, total station is manually substantially concentrated one's gaze on to the zenith prismosphere above well head, this is only to need to see total station
The zenith angle of display screen is shown as 0 degree, open total station search for, sight automatically automatically, automatic measurement function, total station oneself
It moves to search for and sight the prismosphere on well head zenith direction automatically and starts to measure, at this point, shown by total station display screen
Distance is vertical shaft elevation plus height of instrument；
(3.4) D1 is as the method that the reverse transmission method of elevation at two shaft bottoms D2 control point is transmitted with D0 elevation；
(3.5) elevation imports accuracy detection: after all importing to shaft bottom D0, D1 and D2 elevation, in shaft bottom total station three
Whether angle elevation or level meter detection close ring meet third measurement of the level required precision；If precision transfinites, reason is found out
And it returns to (3.2) step and repeats to mend survey；
(3.6) after tested, total station does not need additional purchase installation diagonal eyepiece can sight the prism of zenith direction automatically.
2. the reverse coordinate of deep shaft according to claim 1 transmits cultellation measurement method, which is characterized in that before carrying out cultellation
Apparatus selection and instrument checking procedure include:
(1.1) laser plummet apparatus of choice accuracy 1/200000 comes card TS30 robot measurement conduct as cultellation instrument and use
The reverse transfer device of elevation, and calibration is carried out to laser plummet apparatus；
(1.2) laser plummet apparatus alidade is carried out to diameter measurement in different orientation, eliminates the axis of levelling bubble of laser plummet apparatus
With the influence of instrument rotary shaft, collimation axis and rotation axle misalignment；
(1.3) on calibration platform or an elevation building is looked for, centering leveling first is carried out to laser plummet apparatus, then rotates laser
Plumb aligner checks whether laser plummet apparatus circular bubble and bubble tube are placed in the middle, make axis of levelling bubble parallel or perpendicular to laser lead
Hang down instrument rotary shaft, then by level alidade be respectively aligned to 0 ° of instrument scale, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° of four scale orientation simultaneously
Laser plummet apparatus alidade is rotated, the center of graticle crosshair is observed by eyepiece, sees whether 4 point centers of reading weigh
It closes, if, the center of the graticle crosshair of laser plummet apparatus is overlapped with tester center of reticule, illustrates laser plummet apparatus
Collimation axis be it is vertical, illustrate that accuracy of instrument is met the requirements, do not need adjustment；Otherwise, eyepiece protection cap, adjustment cross are opened
Silk, until the center of reticule of laser plummet apparatus is directed toward the same point always.
3. the reverse coordinate of deep shaft according to claim 1 transmits cultellation measurement method, which is characterized in that setting laser lead
Vertical instrument inversely transmits cultellation and includes the following steps:
(2.1) vertical shaft shaft bottom control point is embedded；
(2.2) Shaft bank operation rack is set up；
(2.3) the reverse cultellation of laser plummet apparatus；
(2.4) the reverse cultellation of well head is the same as ground control point connection survey.
4. the reverse coordinate of deep shaft according to claim 3 transmits cultellation measurement method, which is characterized in that the control of vertical shaft shaft bottom
The embedded process of system point is: burying 3 control points in the suitable position in vertical shaft shaft bottom, and the point depth of burying at control point wants low
In vertical shaft inverted arch bottom surface about 10cm；The mutual distance in 3 control points wants to the greatest extent possible maximum according to the width dimensions of vertical shaft,
To improve vertically and horizontally precision when total station pilot measurement；It should be noted that avoiding shelter in embedded point.
5. the reverse coordinate of deep shaft according to claim 3 transmits cultellation measurement method, which is characterized in that Shaft bank behaviour
Setting up process as rack is: laser plummet apparatus being erected on the control point of shaft bottom, opens laser convenient for the work on the pit mouth of ground
People looks for the position that operating platform is set up in wherein position, the position that operating platform laser beam passes through reserve 150mm ×
150mm and preformed hole corresponding with shaft bottom control point vertical guarantee that preformed hole can be passed through when laser beam irradiates vertically upward；
If being provided with wall around vertical shaft, operating platform is allowed to be significantly larger than wall.
6. the reverse coordinate of deep shaft according to claim 3 transmits cultellation measurement method, which is characterized in that laser plummet apparatus
Reverse cultellation setting up procedure is:
(2.3.1) dispose laser plumb instrument: shaft bottom be arranged three control points D0, D1 and D2, then D0, D1, D2 this three
Laser plummet apparatus is set up on a control point respectively, and laser plummet apparatus centering is flattened；
(2.3.2) is placed in reserved opening and is received target: these three controls of D0 ', D1 ', D2 ' on well head gantry crane crossbeam operating platform
The transparent glass for placing 200mm × 200mm on the preformed hole of point 150mm × 150mm respectively is made as reception target；
(2.3.3) diameter cultellation: opening laser plummet apparatus Laser Power Devices, have beam of laser and project from telephotolens, projects
At the top of to well head on gantry crane crossbeam on the reception target of 150mm × 150mm preformed hole, using diameter method of reading, instrument point is operated
Survey crew not in this four disk position cultellation positioning of 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree, operating platform is with marking pen in glass
4 LASER SPECKLE positions are determined on glass receiver board respectively；The point that 4 directions are thrown is constituted on glass receiver board to be similar to just
It is rectangular, and require the side length of square within 5mm；
(2.3.4) diameter intersects punctum: by 0 degree of point and 180 degree point and 90 degree of points and 270 degree of point interconnections, intersection point is
For the vertical control point in the shaft bottom；
(2.3.5) forms triangular closed ring: laser plummet apparatus on well and underground cast D0 ' and D0, D1 ' and D1, D2 ' and
D2, and D0 ' and D0 are spatially 2 points, but while projecting to same plane, just becomes 1 point；Similarly, D1 ' and D1 is projected
Also become 1 point when to same plane, D2 ' and D2 also become 1 point when projecting to same plane；Conducting wire is connected by cultellation on well
At a triangular closed ring, underground conducting wire is also linked to be a triangular closed ring by cultellation；
Other 2 control points D0, D2 (2.3.6) are communicated up cultellation using same method；
The detection of (2.3.7) close ring: three control point compositions three of D0 ', D1 ', D2 ' on well head top operating platform are inversely thrown into
It is angular, mutual angle and distance relationship is checked using total station TS30, confirms the precision of inner coincidence at thrown control point；
(2.3.1)~(2.3.7) step is repeated several times in (2.3.8), takes its cultellation position mean value.
7. the reverse coordinate of deep shaft according to claim 3 transmits cultellation measurement method, which is characterized in that well head is inversely thrown
Point is with ground control point connection survey process: control point D0 ', the D1 ', D2 ' benefit shaft bottom being inversely transmitted on operating platform
Translocation is carried out according to the measurement method of second-class conducting wire in total station hole with the control point WH1 and WH2 near well head with total station, entirely
Instrument of standing is no less than 6 survey time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710071169.XA CN106908048B (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | The reverse coordinate of deep shaft transmits cultellation measurement method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710071169.XA CN106908048B (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | The reverse coordinate of deep shaft transmits cultellation measurement method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106908048A CN106908048A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
| CN106908048B true CN106908048B (en) | 2019-04-12 |
Family
ID=59208462
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710071169.XA Active CN106908048B (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | The reverse coordinate of deep shaft transmits cultellation measurement method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106908048B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108253946B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2020-04-28 | 北京建筑大学 | Integrated three-dimensional coordinate transmission device and method for multi-functional vertical measurement, contact measurement |
| CN110243355B (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2021-10-01 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Method for calibrating laser plummet apparatus in short distance |
| CN111829492B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2021-11-30 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Laser plummet application-based contact measurement method |
| CN113503865B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2023-06-13 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 | Three-dimensional control network establishment method |
| CN114485584B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-05-05 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Subway interval joint measurement method based on reverse connection measurement |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201858974U (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2011-06-08 | 上海水务建设工程有限公司 | System for measuring axes of long-distance jacking pipe |
| CN102418515A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-04-18 | 中铁上海工程局市政工程有限公司 | Method for carrying out shaft orientation measurement by adopting plumb aligner |
| CN103644900A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-19 | 中铁上海工程局有限公司 | Pipe jacking work well plane connection survey method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06213665A (en) * | 1993-01-20 | 1994-08-05 | Hideo Teruuchi | Laser measuring device and laser plumb |
| GB2399376B (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2005-11-02 | Cementation Found Skanska Ltd | Placing elements in piles |
-
2017
- 2017-02-09 CN CN201710071169.XA patent/CN106908048B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201858974U (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2011-06-08 | 上海水务建设工程有限公司 | System for measuring axes of long-distance jacking pipe |
| CN102418515A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-04-18 | 中铁上海工程局市政工程有限公司 | Method for carrying out shaft orientation measurement by adopting plumb aligner |
| CN103644900A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-19 | 中铁上海工程局有限公司 | Pipe jacking work well plane connection survey method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 一种竖井定向新方法在地铁五号线中的应用;初士立;《矿山测量》;20060331(第1期);第61-62页 |
| 深竖井及洞内控制测量中多种测量仪器联合定向的应用研究;张沛杰;《科技创新与应用》;20160831(第22期);第42-43页 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106908048A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106895820B (en) | The reverse coordinate of tunnel shaft transmits cultellation measurement method | |
| CN106979769B (en) | The reverse coordinate of tunnel shaft transmits cultellation construction survey method | |
| CN106908048B (en) | The reverse coordinate of deep shaft transmits cultellation measurement method | |
| CN102890281B (en) | A kind of GPS hi-Fix measuring method for skyscraper | |
| CN108253946B (en) | Integrated three-dimensional coordinate transmission device and method for multi-functional vertical measurement, contact measurement | |
| CN111174771A (en) | Method for measuring verticality of stand column | |
| CN106979768B (en) | The reverse coordinate of deep shaft transmits cultellation construction survey method | |
| CN108680103A (en) | A kind of cable-stayed bridge superelevation bridge tower pier anchor structure Rapid precision locating measurement method | |
| CN207379492U (en) | A kind of wind-driven generator tower verticality measurement device | |
| CN106192769A (en) | High pier slding form operation verticality control device and using method thereof | |
| CN103308030A (en) | High-precision automatic transmitting process method of super high-rise elevation | |
| CN106199664A (en) | A kind of GPS RTK and the engineering ship localization method of radio compass composition | |
| CN102620710A (en) | Method and system for measuring and calculating data | |
| CN103344215B (en) | Double-channel balance level | |
| CN108426564A (en) | It builds bricklayer and is mostly used level meter with calibration-free portable | |
| CN101464146B (en) | Measuring method and apparatus for accurately transmitting ground bench level to overhead viaduct | |
| CN104990544A (en) | Single-pipe tower absolute verticality detection device based on grating | |
| CN108278993B (en) | Total reflection prism laser ranging total station instrument height measuring system and using method | |
| CN102853815A (en) | Automatic smoothening leveling ruler | |
| CN110243355A (en) | A kind of method of short distance calibration laser plummet apparatus | |
| CN106441249B (en) | Target support for instrument height measurement and application thereof | |
| CN210108333U (en) | Vault settlement measurement device based on precision laser rangefinder | |
| CN107121133A (en) | A kind of subway work vertical shaft connection triangle alignment system | |
| CN201795791U (en) | Antenna azimuth angle measuring device | |
| CN203422086U (en) | Two-channel level gauge |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |