CN106869971B - Deep well ingate device with deformation measurement function and use method - Google Patents

Deep well ingate device with deformation measurement function and use method Download PDF

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CN106869971B
CN106869971B CN201710233237.8A CN201710233237A CN106869971B CN 106869971 B CN106869971 B CN 106869971B CN 201710233237 A CN201710233237 A CN 201710233237A CN 106869971 B CN106869971 B CN 106869971B
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horse head
head door
pillar
ruler
digital display
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CN106869971A (en
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袁越
李树清
赵延林
朱永建
余伟健
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/14Lining predominantly with metal
    • E21D11/18Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/30Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置及使用方法,包括多个马头门支架和铁丝,所述多个马头门支架并排设置,所述铁丝两端通过预埋钢钉水平固定在岩体上,所述马头门支架包括顶梁、底梁、左支柱和右支柱,左支柱和右支柱相互平行设置在顶梁和底梁之间,所述顶梁通过左支柱和右支柱与底梁固定连接;所述顶梁包括顶梁内层工字钢和顶梁外层工字钢,顶梁内层工字钢和顶梁外层工字钢之间通过多个顶梁腹杆固定连接,所述顶梁内层工字钢下部固定设有双向数显尺。本发明具有支护强度高、适应围岩变形的能力强,具有变形监测装置,使用完毕后可回收性较好,便于后续循环使用。

Figure 201710233237

The invention discloses a deep well horse head door device with deformation measurement function and its use method, which comprises a plurality of horse head door brackets and iron wires, the multiple horse head door brackets are arranged side by side, and the two ends of the iron wires are pre-embedded The steel nails are horizontally fixed on the rock mass. The horse head door support includes a top beam, a bottom beam, a left pillar and a right pillar. The left pillar and the right pillar are arranged in parallel between the top beam and the bottom beam. The top beam passes through The left pillar and the right pillar are fixedly connected with the bottom beam; the top beam includes the inner I-beam of the top beam and the outer I-beam of the top beam, and the inner I-beam of the top beam and the outer I-beam of the top beam pass through A plurality of top beam webs are fixedly connected, and the lower part of the inner I-beam of the top beam is fixed with a two-way digital display ruler. The invention has the advantages of high support strength, strong ability to adapt to the deformation of surrounding rocks, a deformation monitoring device, good recyclability after use, and is convenient for subsequent recycling.

Figure 201710233237

Description

一种具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置及使用方法A deep well horse head door device with deformation measurement function and its use method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种深井支护装置及使用方法,具体是一种具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置及使用方法。The invention relates to a deep well support device and a use method, in particular to a deep well horse head door device with a deformation measurement function and a use method.

背景技术Background technique

深部矿井呈现出工程地质条件复杂、地压大、巷道维护困难等特点,因而深部巷道围岩稳定性控制成为目前采矿界的重大难题。其中,深立井马头门位处矿井咽喉部位,设计断面大,在施工过程中,围岩反复受到扰动,加之深部围岩流变性显著,因此,深立井马头门破坏失稳的现象时有发生,严重影响围岩稳定性和支护结构安全。Deep mines are characterized by complex engineering geological conditions, high ground pressure, and difficult roadway maintenance. Therefore, the stability control of surrounding rocks in deep roadways has become a major problem in the mining industry. Among them, the Matou gate of the deep shaft is located at the throat of the mine, and the design section is large. During the construction process, the surrounding rock is repeatedly disturbed, and the rheology of the deep surrounding rock is significant. Therefore, the Matou gate of the deep shaft is often damaged and unstable. occur, seriously affecting the stability of surrounding rock and the safety of supporting structures.

为了解决深井马头门围岩稳定性控制的难题,科研人员研发了包括加强支护结构、复合支护结构及联合支护结构等的各种支护结构及装置。但是,现有的支护装置仍然存在诸多局限性。其一,支护结构所提供的支护强度不足、刚度偏小、适应围岩变形的能力差;其二,围岩变形量测须配备复杂、价格昂贵的监测系统,支护结构本身无简单测量装置;其三,支护结构施工工艺复杂,需要进行一次支护、二次支护,甚至是三次及更多次支护,巷道维护效率低、造价高;其四,支护体、支护构件的可回收性低。由此可见,目前的深部矿井马头门支护结构在安全性、有效性、经济性等方面均存在较大的缺陷,严重影响了矿井运输提升作业,妨碍了本质安全型、高效绿色矿井的建设进程,也成为当前建设大型现代化矿井的制约因素之一。因此,在深部矿井马头门围岩支护的现场实施过程中急需一种既能保证巷道稳定、安全,又能高效、经济地维护巷道的支护装置。In order to solve the problem of stability control of the Matoumen surrounding rock in the deep well, researchers have developed various support structures and devices including reinforced support structures, composite support structures and combined support structures. However, the existing supporting devices still have many limitations. First, the supporting structure provided by the supporting structure is insufficient in strength, low in stiffness, and poor in adapting to surrounding rock deformation; second, the measurement of surrounding rock deformation must be equipped with a complex and expensive monitoring system, and the supporting structure itself is not simple. measuring device; thirdly, the construction process of the support structure is complicated, and it is necessary to carry out primary support, secondary support, or even three or more times of support, and the roadway maintenance efficiency is low and the cost is high; fourthly, the support body, support The recyclability of the protective elements is low. It can be seen that the current deep mine horse head gate support structure has relatively large defects in terms of safety, effectiveness, and economy, which seriously affects the mine transportation and lifting operations, and hinders the development of intrinsically safe and efficient green mines. The construction process has also become one of the restrictive factors for the current construction of large modern mines. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a support device that can not only ensure the stability and safety of the roadway, but also efficiently and economically maintain the roadway during the field implementation of the Matoumen surrounding rock support in deep mines.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供一种具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置及使用方法,具有支护强度高、适应围岩变形的能力强,具有变形监测装置,使用完毕后可回收性较好,便于后续循环使用。In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a deep well horse head door device with a deformation measurement function and a method of use, which has high support strength, strong ability to adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock, and a deformation monitoring device. The final recyclability is good, which is convenient for subsequent recycling.

为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置,包括多个马头门支架和铁丝,所述多个马头门支架并排设置,所述铁丝两端通过预埋钢钉水平固定在岩体上,所述马头门支架包括顶梁、底梁、左支柱和右支柱,左支柱和右支柱相互平行设置在顶梁和底梁之间,所述顶梁通过左支柱和右支柱与底梁固定连接;所述顶梁包括顶梁内层工字钢和顶梁外层工字钢,顶梁内层工字钢和顶梁外层工字钢之间通过多个顶梁腹杆固定连接,所述顶梁内层工字钢下部固定设有双向数显尺,所述双向数显尺包括尺盒、上尺带、下尺带和数显屏,上尺带、下尺带和数显屏均设置在尺盒上,上尺带的伸出端挂扣在顶梁外层工字钢上,下尺带的伸出端挂扣在铁丝上,所述底梁包括底梁内层工字钢和底梁外层工字钢,底梁内层工字钢和底梁外层工字钢之间通过多个底梁腹杆固定连接,所述左支柱包括左柱内层工字钢和左柱外层工字钢,左柱内层工字钢和左柱外层工字钢之间通过多个左柱腹杆固定连接,所述右支柱包括右柱内层工字钢和右柱外层工字钢,右柱内层工字钢和右柱外层工字钢之间通过多个右柱腹杆固定连接。In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a deep well horse head door device with deformation measurement function, comprising a plurality of horse head door brackets and iron wires, the multiple horse head door brackets are arranged side by side, the The two ends of the iron wire are horizontally fixed on the rock mass by pre-embedded steel nails. The horse head door bracket includes a top beam, a bottom beam, a left pillar and a right pillar, and the left pillar and the right pillar are arranged parallel to each other between the top beam and the bottom beam. , the top beam is fixedly connected to the bottom beam through the left pillar and the right pillar; The I-beams are fixedly connected by a plurality of top beam web bars, and the lower part of the inner I-beam of the top beam is fixed with a two-way digital display ruler. The two-way digital display ruler includes a ruler box, an upper ruler belt, and a lower ruler belt. and the digital display screen, the upper ruler belt, the lower ruler belt and the digital display screen are all set on the ruler box, the protruding end of the upper ruler belt is hooked on the outer I-beam of the top beam, and the protruding end of the lower ruler belt is hung Buckled on the iron wire, the bottom beam includes the inner layer I-beam of the bottom beam and the outer layer I-beam of the bottom beam, and a plurality of bottom beam webs are passed between the inner layer I-beam of the bottom beam and the outer layer I-beam of the bottom beam Fixed connection, the left pillar includes left column inner I-beam and left column outer I-beam, the left column inner I-beam and left column outer I-beam are fixedly connected by multiple left column web bars , the right pillar includes a right column inner I-beam and a right column outer I-beam, and the right column inner I-beam and the right column outer I-beam are fixedly connected by a plurality of right column web bars.

进一步,还包括多个复合缓冲垫块,多个复合缓冲垫块均匀固定在顶梁外层工字钢、底梁外层工字钢、左柱外层工字钢和右柱外层工字钢的外侧。Further, it also includes a plurality of composite cushion blocks, which are evenly fixed on the outer I-beam of the top beam, the outer I-beam of the bottom beam, the outer I-beam of the left column and the outer I-beam of the right column. Steel outside.

进一步,所述复合缓冲垫块包括大位移强阻尼块、嵌入式U型卡和垫片,大位移强阻尼块与嵌入式U型卡的一端固定连接,垫片通过螺母设置在嵌入式U型卡上。Further, the composite cushion block includes a large displacement strong damping block, an embedded U-shaped card and a gasket, and the large displacement strong damping block is fixedly connected to one end of the embedded U-shaped card, and the gasket is arranged on the embedded U-shaped card through a nut. on the card.

进一步,还包括多个连接板,所述顶梁与左支柱和右支柱均通过连接板固定连接,底梁与左支柱和右支柱均通过连接板固定连接。Further, it also includes a plurality of connecting plates, the top beam is fixedly connected to the left pillar and the right pillar through connecting plates, and the bottom beam is fixedly connected to the left pillar and the right pillar through connecting plates.

进一步,所述底梁内层工字钢由两个形状相同的内层钢件组成,底梁外层工字钢由两个形状相同的外层钢件组成,内层钢件之间和外层钢件之间均通过夹板连接件连接。Further, the I-beam inner layer of the bottom beam is composed of two inner steel parts of the same shape, the outer I-beam of the bottom beam is composed of two outer steel parts of the same shape, and the inner steel parts and the outer steel parts The layers of steel parts are connected by splint connectors.

进一步,所述多个马头门支架之间通过架间连接板固定连接。Further, the plurality of horse head door brackets are fixedly connected by connecting plates between frames.

一种具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置的使用方法,具体步骤为:A method of using a deep well horse head door device with a deformation measurement function, the specific steps are:

A、马头门断面开挖:按照马头门设计的断面,在保证反底拱开挖尺寸的前提下,在巷道底板进行挖掘;A. Excavation of Matoumen section: according to the section designed by Matoumen, under the premise of ensuring the excavation size of the anti-bottom arch, excavate on the roadway floor;

B、加工马头门支架的组件:在地面将顶梁、底梁、左支柱和右支柱通过焊接及螺栓连接完成组装,完成后将上述组件运送至井底马头门工作面;B. Process the components of the horse head door bracket: the top beam, the bottom beam, the left pillar and the right pillar are assembled on the ground by welding and bolting, and the above components are transported to the bottom horse head door working surface after completion;

C、安装首个马头门支架:将多个复合缓冲垫块均匀固定在顶梁外层工字钢、底梁外层工字钢、左柱外层工字钢和右柱外层工字钢的外侧,然后将底梁安装在巷道底板处并分别将左支柱、右支柱对准底梁连接处通过连接板分别固定连接;完成后将顶梁对准左支柱、右支柱的连接处通过连接板分别固定连接;通过螺钉将双向数显尺的尺盒与顶梁内层工字钢下部固定连接,双向数显尺的上尺带挂扣在底梁外层工字钢上,将带有预埋钢钉的铁丝固定在岩体两侧肩窝,铁丝挂住双向数显尺的下尺带,最后打开双向数显尺的开关,将数显屏上的数字调零,完成马头门支架的安装;C. Install the first horse head door bracket: evenly fix multiple composite cushion blocks on the outer I-beam of the top beam, the outer I-beam of the bottom beam, the outer I-beam of the left column and the outer I-beam of the right column The outer side of the steel, then install the bottom beam at the floor of the roadway and align the left and right pillars with the connection of the bottom beam and fix the connection through the connecting plate respectively; after completion, align the top beam with the connection of the left and right pillars and pass The connection plates are respectively fixed and connected; the ruler box of the two-way digital display ruler is fixedly connected with the lower part of the inner I-beam of the top beam through screws, and the upper tape of the two-way digital display ruler is hooked to the outer I-beam of the bottom beam. The iron wire with pre-embedded steel nails is fixed on the shoulder sockets on both sides of the rock mass, and the iron wire is hung on the lower tape of the two-way digital display ruler. Finally, the switch of the two-way digital display ruler is turned on, and the number on the digital display screen is adjusted to zero to complete the horse head gate. installation of brackets;

D、安装相邻马头门支架及其纵向连接:根据设定的马头门支架之间的间距,重复步骤B及步骤C完成相邻马头门支架的安装,然后通过架间连接板将马头门支架之间固定连接;D. Install the adjacent horse head door brackets and their longitudinal connection: according to the set distance between the horse head door brackets, repeat steps B and C to complete the installation of the adjacent horse head door brackets, and then connect them through the connecting plate between the racks Fixed connection between horse head door brackets;

E、安装整个深井马头门装置:重复步骤D,继续沿掘进方向安装马头门支架,直至完成所有马头门支架的安装;E. Install the entire deep well horse head door device: repeat step D, continue to install the horse head door bracket along the excavation direction, until the installation of all horse head door brackets is completed;

F、铺底:采用混凝土铺设地板至设定标高;F. Bottom laying: Use concrete to lay the floor to the set elevation;

G、变形监测及浇注混凝土:定期记录双向数显尺上数显屏的变形数据,并绘制变形曲线,持续设定时间并待曲线平稳后,进行全断面浇筑混凝土,使马头门处各面平整。G. Deformation monitoring and pouring concrete: regularly record the deformation data of the digital display screen on the two-way digital display ruler, and draw the deformation curve, continue to set the time and wait for the curve to be stable, pour concrete on the full section, so that all sides of the horse head gate smooth.

与现有技术相比,本发明采用多个马头门支架并排设置,马头门支架由顶梁、底梁、左支柱和右支柱组成,具有以下优点:1、本发明的顶梁、底梁、左支柱和右支柱采用高强度工字钢、角钢等焊接而成,组装连接后形成一个全断面封闭、内外双层网状空间结构、带复合缓冲垫块的马头门支架结构。较普通的马头门支护结构强度更高、刚度更大,并具有较好的适应变形、吸收冲击能量的能力;Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a plurality of horse-head door brackets to be arranged side by side, and the horse-head door bracket is composed of a top beam, a bottom beam, a left pillar and a right pillar, and has the following advantages: 1. The top beam and bottom beam of the present invention The beam, left pillar and right pillar are welded by high-strength I-beam, angle steel, etc. After assembly and connection, a horse head door bracket structure with a full-section closed, inner and outer double-layer mesh space structure, and composite cushion blocks is formed. Compared with the ordinary horse head door support structure, it has higher strength and greater rigidity, and has better ability to adapt to deformation and absorb impact energy;

2、本发明通过在顶梁上配置双向数显尺,双向数显尺采用一个数显屏即可显示上尺带伸出距离和下尺带伸出距离的变化情况,双向数显尺的上尺带挂扣顶梁外层工字钢,当岩体对顶梁施加围压后顶梁会发生一定的变形,从而使上尺带的伸出距离发生变化,进而通过数显屏能够量测顶部岩体对顶梁施加围压后顶梁外层工字钢的垂向变形量,由于双向数显尺的下尺带挂扣在铁丝上,铁丝的两端通过预埋钢钉绷直固定在岩体的两侧肩窝,当岩体从两侧施加围压时,岩体两侧向马头门挤压,此时铁丝两端受到的固定力减小,从而导致受到下尺带的拉力会使铁丝发生变形,进而通过数显屏得出下尺带的伸出距离发生的变化情况,从而能为预测顶板灾害风险提供基础数据资料;2. The present invention configures a two-way digital display ruler on the top beam, and the two-way digital display ruler adopts a digital display screen to display the change of the extension distance of the upper tape and the extension distance of the lower tape. The I-beam on the outer layer of the top beam with a buckle on the ruler belt. When the rock mass exerts confining pressure on the top beam, the top beam will deform to a certain extent, so that the extension distance of the upper ruler belt will change, and then it can be measured through the digital display screen. The vertical deformation of the I-beam outer layer of the top beam after the top rock mass exerts confining pressure on the top beam. Since the lower tape of the two-way digital display ruler is hooked on the iron wire, the two ends of the iron wire are straightened and fixed by embedded steel nails In the shoulder sockets on both sides of the rock mass, when the rock mass exerts confining pressure from both sides, the two sides of the rock mass press against the Matoumen. The iron wire will be deformed, and then the change of the extension distance of the lower tape can be obtained through the digital display screen, so as to provide basic data for predicting the disaster risk of the roof;

3、本发明为模块化结构装置,组装方法简单,施工效率较高,并且无需大型专门的变形测量系统,造价低、工程上更实用、经济;3. The present invention is a modular structure device, the assembly method is simple, the construction efficiency is high, and there is no need for a large-scale special deformation measurement system, the cost is low, and the engineering is more practical and economical;

4、本发明具有资源节约、材料回收重复利用的优点,一旦巷道破坏或废弃的时候,可以将原来施工好的支架依据模块的组装方式进行解体回收利用;对于破坏较大的模块或部件进行一定的维修、替换后仍能继续使用,节约了支护材料,节省了巷道维护成本,具有显著的经济效益。4. The present invention has the advantages of resource saving and material recycling and reuse. Once the roadway is damaged or discarded, the originally constructed support can be disassembled and recycled according to the assembly method of the modules; It can still be used after maintenance and replacement, saves support materials, saves roadway maintenance costs, and has significant economic benefits.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的立体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

图2是本发明安装后的平面示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view after the present invention is installed;

图3是本发明中双向数显尺的结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the structural representation of two-way digital display ruler in the present invention;

图4是本发明中复合缓冲垫块的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the composite cushion block in the present invention.

图中:1、顶梁,2、顶梁外层工字钢,3、顶梁内层工字钢,4、顶梁腹杆,5、复合缓冲垫块,6、连接板,7、双向数显尺,8、右支柱,9、右柱外层工字钢,10、右柱内层工字钢,11、右柱腹杆12、左支柱,13、左柱内层工字钢,14、左柱外层工字钢,15、架间连接板,16、左柱腹杆,17、铁丝,18、预埋钢钉,19、底梁,20、底梁外层工字钢,21、底梁内层工字钢,22、底梁腹杆,23、夹板连接件,24、岩体,51、大位移强阻尼块,52、嵌入式U型卡,53、垫片,71、尺盒,72、上尺带、73、下尺带,74、螺钉,75、数显屏。In the figure: 1. Top beam, 2. I-beam outer layer of top beam, 3. I-beam inner layer of top beam, 4. Web bar of top beam, 5. Composite buffer pad, 6. Connecting plate, 7. Two-way Digital ruler, 8, right pillar, 9, right column outer layer I-beam, 10, right column inner layer I-beam, 11, right column web bar 12, left pillar, 13, left column inner layer I-beam, 14. I-beam on the outer layer of the left column, 15. Connecting plate between frames, 16. Web bar on the left column, 17. Iron wire, 18. Embedded steel nails, 19. Bottom beam, 20. I-beam on the outside of the bottom beam, 21. I-beam inner layer of bottom beam, 22. Bottom beam web member, 23. Plywood connector, 24. Rock mass, 51. Large displacement strong damping block, 52. Embedded U-shaped card, 53, Gasket, 71 , ruler box, 72, upper ruler tape, 73, lower ruler tape, 74, screw, 75, digital display screen.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below.

如图1至图4所示,一种具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置,包括多个马头门支架和铁丝17,所述多个马头门支架并排设置,所述铁丝17两端通过预埋钢钉18水平固定在岩体24上,所述马头门支架包括顶梁1、底梁19、左支柱12和右支柱8,左支柱12和右支柱8相互平行设置在顶梁1和底梁19之间,所述顶梁1通过左支柱12和右支柱8与底梁19固定连接;所述顶梁1包括顶梁内层工字钢3和顶梁外层工字钢2,顶梁内层工字钢3和顶梁外层工字钢2之间通过多个顶梁腹杆4固定连接,所述顶梁内层工字钢3下部固定设有双向数显尺7,所述双向数显尺7包括尺盒71、上尺带72、下尺带73和数显屏75,上尺带72、下尺带73和数显屏75均设置在尺盒71上,上尺带72的伸出端挂扣在顶梁外层工字钢2上,下尺带73的伸出端挂扣在铁丝17上,所述底梁19包括底梁内层工字钢21和底梁外层工字钢20,底梁内层工字钢21和底梁外层工字钢20之间通过多个底梁腹杆22固定连接,所述左支柱12包括左柱内层工字钢13和左柱外层工字钢14,左柱内层工字钢13和左柱外层工字钢14之间通过多个左柱腹杆16固定连接,所述右支柱8包括右柱内层工字钢10和右柱外层工字钢9,右柱内层工字钢10和右柱外层工字钢9之间通过多个右柱腹杆11固定连接。As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a deep well horse head door device with a deformation measurement function includes a plurality of horse head door supports and iron wires 17, and the plurality of horse head door supports are arranged side by side, and the iron wires 17 are arranged side by side. The end is horizontally fixed on the rock mass 24 by pre-embedded steel nails 18. The horse head door bracket includes a top beam 1, a bottom beam 19, a left pillar 12 and a right pillar 8, and the left pillar 12 and the right pillar 8 are arranged parallel to each other on the top. Between the beam 1 and the bottom beam 19, the top beam 1 is fixedly connected with the bottom beam 19 through the left pillar 12 and the right pillar 8; Steel 2, I-beam 3 in the inner layer of the roof beam and I-beam 2 in the outer layer of the roof beam are fixedly connected by multiple roof beam web bars 4, and the lower part of the I-beam 3 in the inner layer of the roof beam is fixed with a two-way digital display Chi 7, described bidirectional digital display chi 7 comprises chi box 71, upper chi band 72, lower chi band 73 and digital display screen 75, upper chi band 72, lower chi band 73 and digital display screen 75 are all arranged in chi box 71 On the top, the protruding end of the upper ruler belt 72 is hooked and buckled on the top beam outer layer I-beam 2, and the protruding end of the lower ruler belt 73 is hung and buckled on the iron wire 17. The bottom beam 19 includes the inner layer of the bottom beam. The steel 21 and the I-beam 20 of the outer layer of the bottom beam, the I-beam 21 of the inner layer of the bottom beam and the I-beam 20 of the outer layer of the bottom beam are fixedly connected by a plurality of web members 22 of the bottom beam, and the left pillar 12 includes a left column The inner layer I-beam 13 and the left column outer layer I-beam 14 are fixedly connected between the left column inner layer I-beam 13 and the left column outer layer I-beam 14 through a plurality of left column web bars 16, and the right column 8 includes the right column inner layer I-beam 10 and the right column outer layer I-beam 9, and the right column inner layer I-beam 10 and the right column outer layer I-beam 9 are fixedly connected by a plurality of right column web bars 11.

进一步,还包括多个复合缓冲垫块5,多个复合缓冲垫块5均匀固定在顶梁外层工字钢2、底梁外层工字钢20、左柱外层工字钢14和右柱外层工字钢9的外侧。采用复合缓冲垫块5在本发明进行支护时,具有缓冲巷道围岩变形,同时可吸收围压冲击能量的作用,从而减少对本发明的冲击力,提高本发明的支护稳定性。Further, it also includes a plurality of composite cushion blocks 5, and a plurality of composite cushion blocks 5 are uniformly fixed on the top beam outer layer I-beam 2, the bottom beam outer layer I-beam 20, the left column outer layer I-beam 14 and the right The outside of column outer layer I-beam 9. When the present invention is used for support, the composite cushion block 5 has the function of buffering the deformation of the roadway surrounding rock and absorbing the impact energy of the confining pressure, thereby reducing the impact force on the present invention and improving the support stability of the present invention.

进一步,所述复合缓冲垫块5包括大位移强阻尼块51、嵌入式U型卡52和垫片53,大位移强阻尼块51与嵌入式U型卡52的一端固定连接,垫片53通过螺母设置在嵌入式U型卡52上。大位移强阻尼块51采用内含金属丝的橡胶制成,采用这种结构具有更好的缓冲作用,同时可更好的起到吸收围压冲击能量的作用。Further, the composite cushion block 5 includes a large displacement strong damping block 51, an embedded U-shaped card 52 and a gasket 53, and the large displacement strong damping block 51 is fixedly connected to one end of the embedded U-shaped card 52, and the gasket 53 passes through The nut is arranged on the embedded U-shaped card 52 . The large-displacement strong damping block 51 is made of rubber containing metal wires. This structure has a better buffering effect and can better absorb the impact energy of the confining pressure.

进一步,还包括多个连接板6,所述顶梁1与左支柱12和右支柱8均通过连接板6固定连接,底梁19与左支柱12和右支柱8均通过连接板6固定连接。采用连接板6的连接方式,便于使用后的拆卸回收。Further, it also includes a plurality of connecting plates 6 , the top beam 1 is fixedly connected with the left pillar 12 and the right pillar 8 through the connecting plates 6 , and the bottom beam 19 is fixedly connected with the left pillar 12 and the right pillar 8 through the connecting plates 6 . The connection mode of the connecting plate 6 is adopted, which is convenient for disassembly and recycling after use.

进一步,所述底梁内层工字钢21由两个形状相同的内层钢件组成,底梁外层工字钢20由两个形状相同的外层钢件组成,内层钢件之间和外层钢件之间均通过夹板连接件23连接。采用这种结构可使底梁19在支护时具有一定的变形能力,从而保证整个装置的稳定性。Further, the inner layer I-beam 21 of the bottom beam is composed of two inner steel parts of the same shape, the outer layer I-beam 20 of the bottom beam is composed of two outer steel parts of the same shape, and the inner layer steel parts It is connected with the outer layer of steel parts by splint connectors 23 . Adopting this structure can make the bottom beam 19 have a certain deformation ability when supporting, thereby ensuring the stability of the whole device.

进一步,所述多个马头门支架之间通过架间连接板15固定连接。采用架间连接板15便于支护完成后拆卸各个马头门支架。Further, the plurality of horse head door brackets are fixedly connected through the inter-frame connecting plate 15 . Adopt inter-frame connecting plate 15 to be convenient to dismantling each horse head door support after supporting is finished.

一种具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置的使用方法,具体步骤为:A method of using a deep well horse head door device with a deformation measurement function, the specific steps are:

A、马头门断面开挖:按照马头门设计的断面,底梁19的最底处至左支柱12、右支柱8与底梁19的连接板6的高度在巷道底板进行开挖,挖掘时要保证反底拱的开挖尺寸;A. Excavation of Matoumen section: According to the section designed by Matoumen, the height from the bottom of the bottom beam 19 to the connecting plate 6 of the left pillar 12, the right pillar 8 and the bottom beam 19 is excavated on the roadway floor. The excavation size of the anti-bottom arch shall be ensured;

B、加工马头门支架的组件:将支架的各个部件准备完成后,在地面将顶梁1、底梁19、左支柱12和右支柱8通过焊接及螺栓连接完成组装,完成后将上述组件运送至井底马头门工作面;B. Processing the components of the horse head door bracket: After preparing the various parts of the bracket, the top beam 1, the bottom beam 19, the left pillar 12 and the right pillar 8 are assembled on the ground by welding and bolting, and the above components are assembled after completion Transport to the Matoumen working face at the bottom of the well;

C、安装首个马头门支架:将多个复合缓冲垫块5均匀固定在顶梁外层工字钢2、底梁外层工字钢20、左柱外层工字钢14和右柱外层工字钢9的外侧,然后将底梁19安装在巷道底板处并分别将左支柱12、右支柱8对准底梁19连接处通过连接板6分别固定连接;完成后将顶梁1对准左支柱12、右支柱8的连接处通过连接板6分别固定连接;通过螺钉74将双向数显尺7的尺盒71与顶梁内层工字钢3下部固定连接,双向数显尺7的上尺带72挂扣在底梁外层工字钢20上,将带有预埋钢钉18的铁丝17固定在岩体24两侧肩窝,铁丝17挂住双向数显尺7的下尺带73,最后打开双向数显尺7的开关,将数显屏75上的数字调零,完成马头门支架的安装;C. Install the first horse head door bracket: evenly fix multiple composite cushion blocks 5 on the outer I-beam 2 of the top beam, the outer I-beam 20 of the bottom beam, the outer I-beam 14 of the left column and the right column The outer side of the outer layer of I-beam 9, then the bottom beam 19 is installed on the roadway bottom plate and the left pillar 12 and the right pillar 8 are aligned with the connection of the bottom beam 19 respectively and fixedly connected by the connecting plate 6; after completion, the top beam 1 Align the joints of the left pillar 12 and the right pillar 8 through the connecting plate 6 and fix them respectively; through the screw 74, the ruler box 71 of the two-way digital display ruler 7 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the I-beam 3 in the inner layer of the top beam, and the two-way digital display ruler The upper ruler belt 72 of 7 is hooked on the bottom beam outer layer I-beam 20, and the iron wire 17 with the embedded steel nail 18 is fixed on the shoulder sockets on both sides of the rock mass 24, and the iron wire 17 is hung on the bottom of the two-way digital display ruler 7. Ruler belt 73, finally turn on the switch of the two-way digital display ruler 7, zero the number on the digital display screen 75, and complete the installation of the horse head door bracket;

D、安装相邻马头门支架及其纵向连接:根据设定的马头门支架之间的间距,重复步骤B及步骤C完成相邻马头门支架的安装,然后通过架间连接板15将马头门支架之间固定连接;D. Install adjacent horse head door brackets and their longitudinal connection: according to the set distance between horse head door brackets, repeat steps B and C to complete the installation of adjacent horse head door brackets, and then pass through the connecting plate 15 Fix the connection between the brackets of the horse head door;

E、安装整个深井马头门装置:重复步骤D,继续沿掘进方向安装马头门支架,直至完成所有马头门支架的安装;E. Install the entire deep well horse head door device: repeat step D, continue to install the horse head door bracket along the excavation direction, until the installation of all horse head door brackets is completed;

F、铺底:采用混凝土铺设地板至设定标高;F. Bottom laying: Use concrete to lay the floor to the set elevation;

G、变形监测及浇注混凝土:定期记录双向数显尺7上数显屏75的变形数据,并绘制变形曲线,持续2~6个月并待曲线平稳后,说明此时岩体24对本装置施加的围压与本装置变形后的支护承压相对稳定,然后在稳定后进行全断面浇筑混凝土,使马头门处各面平整;从而可起到更好的支护稳定性,同时通过双向数显尺7可实时监测围压的变化情况。G. Deformation monitoring and pouring concrete: regularly record the deformation data of the digital display screen 75 on the two-way digital display ruler 7, and draw the deformation curve, which lasts for 2 to 6 months and waits for the curve to be stable. The confining pressure and the support pressure after the deformation of the device are relatively stable, and then the full-section concrete is poured after the stabilization, so that all sides of the horse head gate are flat; thus better support stability can be achieved, and at the same time through two-way The digital display ruler 7 can monitor the variation of the confining pressure in real time.

以上实例对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明,但本发明不限于所描述的实施方式。对于本领域的技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明原理和精神的情况下,对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,仍落入本发明的保护范围内。The above examples illustrate the embodiments of the invention in detail, but the invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications to these embodiments still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置的使用方法,其特征在于,采用的具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置,包括多个马头门支架和铁丝(17),所述多个马头门支架并排设置,所述铁丝(17)两端通过预埋钢钉(18)水平固定在岩体(24)上,所述马头门支架包括顶梁(1)、底梁(19)、左支柱(12)和右支柱(8),左支柱(12)和右支柱(8)相互平行设置在顶梁(1)和底梁(19)之间,所述顶梁(1)通过左支柱(12)和右支柱(8)与底梁(19)固定连接;所述顶梁(1)包括顶梁内层工字钢(3)和顶梁外层工字钢(2),顶梁内层工字钢(3)和顶梁外层工字钢(2)之间通过多个顶梁腹杆(4)固定连接,所述顶梁内层工字钢(3)下部固定设有双向数显尺(7),所述双向数显尺(7)包括尺盒(71)、上尺带(72)、下尺带(73)和数显屏(75),上尺带(72)、下尺带(73)和数显屏(75)均设置在尺盒(71)上,上尺带(72)的伸出端挂扣在顶梁外层工字钢(2)上,下尺带(73)的伸出端挂扣在铁丝(17)上,所述底梁(19)包括底梁内层工字钢(21)和底梁外层工字钢(20),底梁内层工字钢(21)和底梁外层工字钢(20)之间通过多个底梁腹杆(22)固定连接,所述左支柱(12)包括左柱内层工字钢(13)和左柱外层工字钢(14),左柱内层工字钢(13)和左柱外层工字钢(14)之间通过多个左柱腹杆(16)固定连接,所述右支柱(8)包括右柱内层工字钢(10)和右柱外层工字钢(9),右柱内层工字钢(10)和右柱外层工字钢(9)之间通过多个右柱腹杆(11)固定连接,具体步骤为:1. A method for using a deep well horse head door device with a deformation measurement function, characterized in that the deep well horse head door device with a deformation measurement function includes a plurality of horse head door brackets and iron wires (17), The plurality of horse head door brackets are arranged side by side, and the two ends of the iron wire (17) are horizontally fixed on the rock mass (24) by embedded steel nails (18). The horse head door brackets include top beams (1), The bottom beam (19), the left pillar (12) and the right pillar (8), the left pillar (12) and the right pillar (8) are arranged in parallel between the top beam (1) and the bottom beam (19), and the top The beam (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom beam (19) through the left pillar (12) and the right pillar (8); the top beam (1) includes the inner layer of the top beam (3) and the outer layer of the steel (2), the I-beam inner layer of the roof beam (3) and the I-beam outer layer of the roof beam (2) are fixedly connected by a plurality of roof beam web bars (4), and the I-beam inner layer of the roof beam (3) The lower part is fixed with a two-way digital display ruler (7), and the two-way digital display ruler (7) includes a ruler box (71), an upper ruler belt (72), a lower ruler belt (73) and a digital display screen (75 ), the upper ruler belt (72), the lower ruler belt (73) and the digital display screen (75) are all set on the ruler box (71), and the protruding end of the upper ruler belt (72) is hooked on the outer layer of the top beam. The protruding ends of the upper and lower ruler bands (73) of the beam (2) are hooked and buckled on the iron wire (17), and the bottom beam (19) includes the inner layer I-beam (21) of the bottom beam and the outer layer of the bottom beam. The beam (20), the inner I-beam (21) of the bottom beam and the outer I-beam (20) of the bottom beam are fixedly connected by a plurality of bottom beam webs (22), and the left pillar (12) includes The left column inner I-beam (13) and the left column outer I-beam (14), the left column inner I-beam (13) and the left column outer I-beam (14) pass through multiple left columns The web bar (16) is fixedly connected, and the right pillar (8) includes the I-beam (10) of the inner layer of the right column and the I-beam (9) of the outer layer of the right column, and the I-beam (10) of the inner layer of the right column and the I-beam of the right column The I-beams (9) on the outer layer of the columns are fixedly connected by multiple right column web bars (11), and the specific steps are as follows: A、马头门断面开挖: 按照马头门设计的断面,在保证反底拱开挖尺寸的前提下,在巷道底板进行挖掘;A. Excavation of Matoumen section: According to the section designed by Matoumen, under the premise of ensuring the excavation size of the anti-bottom arch, excavate on the roadway floor; B、加工马头门支架的组件:在地面将顶梁(1)、底梁(19)、左支柱(12)和右支柱(8)通过焊接及螺栓连接完成组装,完成后将上述组件运送至井底马头门工作面;B. Process the components of the horse head door bracket: the top beam (1), the bottom beam (19), the left pillar (12) and the right pillar (8) are assembled on the ground by welding and bolting, and the above components are transported after completion To the working face of Matoumen at the bottom of the well; C、安装首个马头门支架:将多个复合缓冲垫块(5)均匀固定在顶梁外层工字钢(2)、底梁外层工字钢(20)、左柱外层工字钢(14)和右柱外层工字钢(9)的外侧,然后将底梁(19)安装在巷道底板处并分别将左支柱(12)、右支柱(8)对准底梁(19)连接处通过连接板(6)分别固定连接;完成后将顶梁(1)对准左支柱(12)、右支柱(8)的连接处通过连接板(6)分别固定连接;通过螺钉(74)将双向数显尺(7)的尺盒(71)与顶梁内层工字钢(3)下部固定连接,双向数显尺(7)的上尺带(72)挂扣在底梁外层工字钢(20)上,将带有预埋钢钉(18)的铁丝(17)固定在岩体(24)两侧肩窝,铁丝(17)挂住双向数显尺(7)的下尺带(73),最后打开双向数显尺(7)的开关,将数显屏(75)上的数字调零,完成马头门支架的安装;C. Install the first horse head door bracket: evenly fix multiple composite buffer pads (5) on the outer I-beam of the top beam (2), the outer I-beam of the bottom beam (20), and the outer I-beam of the left column. Beam (14) and the outside of the I-beam (9) on the outer layer of the right column, then install the bottom beam (19) on the roadway floor and align the left pillar (12) and right pillar (8) with the bottom beam ( 19) The joints are respectively fixed and connected through the connecting plate (6); after the completion, the top beam (1) is aligned with the joints of the left pillar (12) and the right pillar (8) and fixed and connected respectively through the connecting plate (6); through the screw (74) Fix the ruler box (71) of the two-way digital display ruler (7) to the lower part of the inner I-beam (3) of the top beam, and the upper tape (72) of the two-way digital display ruler (7) is hooked at the bottom On the I-beam (20) on the outer layer of the beam, fix the iron wire (17) with embedded steel nails (18) to the shoulder sockets on both sides of the rock mass (24), and the iron wire (17) hangs on the two-way digital display ruler (7) Lower the ruler belt (73), and finally turn on the switch of the two-way digital display ruler (7), set the number on the digital display screen (75) to zero, and complete the installation of the horse head door bracket; D、安装相邻马头门支架及其纵向连接:根据设定的马头门支架之间的间距,重复步骤B及步骤C完成相邻马头门支架的安装,然后通过架间连接板(15)将马头门支架之间固定连接;D. Install the adjacent horse head door brackets and their longitudinal connection: according to the set distance between the horse head door brackets, repeat steps B and C to complete the installation of adjacent horse head door brackets, and then pass the connecting plate between the frames ( 15) Fix the connection between the brackets of the horse head door; E、安装整个深井马头门装置:重复步骤D,继续沿掘进方向安装马头门支架,直至完成所有马头门支架的安装;E. Install the entire deep well horse head door device: repeat step D, continue to install the horse head door bracket along the excavation direction, until the installation of all horse head door brackets is completed; F、铺底:采用混凝土铺设地板至设定标高;F. Bottom laying: Use concrete to lay the floor to the set elevation; G、变形监测及浇注混凝土:定期记录双向数显尺(7)上数显屏(75)的变形数据,并绘制变形曲线,持续设定的时间并待曲线平稳后,进行全断面浇筑混凝土,使马头门处各面平整。G. Deformation monitoring and pouring concrete: regularly record the deformation data of the digital display screen (75) on the two-way digital display ruler (7), and draw the deformation curve, continue for the set time and wait for the curve to stabilize, then pour concrete across the entire section. Make all sides of the horse head door flat. 2. 根据权利要求1 所述的具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置的使用方法,其特征在于,还包括多个复合缓冲垫块(5),多个复合缓冲垫块(5)均匀固定在顶梁外层工字钢(2)、底梁外层工字钢(20)、左柱外层工字钢(14)和右柱外层工字钢(9)的外侧。2. The method of using the deep well horse head door device with deformation measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a plurality of composite buffer blocks (5), and the plurality of composite buffer blocks (5) are uniform Be fixed on the outside of top beam outer layer I-beam (2), bottom beam outer layer I-beam (20), left column outer layer I-beam (14) and right column outer layer I-beam (9). 3.根据权利要求2所述的具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置的使用方法,其特征在于,所述复合缓冲垫块(5)包括大位移强阻尼块(51)、嵌入式U型卡(52)和垫片(53),大位移强阻尼块(51)与嵌入式U型卡(52)的一端固定连接,垫片(53)通过螺母设置在嵌入式U型卡(52)上。3. The method of using the deep well horse head door device with deformation measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that, the composite cushion block (5) includes a large displacement strong damping block (51), an embedded U Type card (52) and gasket (53), the large displacement strong damping block (51) is fixedly connected with one end of the embedded U-shaped card (52), and the gasket (53) is arranged on the embedded U-shaped card (52) through a nut )superior. 4. 根据权利要求1 所述的具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置的使用方法,其特征在于,还包括多个连接板(6),所述顶梁(1)与左支柱(12)和右支柱(8)均通过连接板(6)固定连接,底梁(19)与左支柱(12)和右支柱(8)均通过连接板(6)固定连接。4. The method of using the deep well horse head door device with deformation measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a plurality of connecting plates (6), the top beam (1) and the left pillar (12 ) and the right pillar (8) are all fixedly connected through the connecting plate (6), and the bottom beam (19) is fixedly connected with the left pillar (12) and the right pillar (8) through the connecting plate (6). 5. 根据权利要求1 所述的具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置的使用方法,其特征在于,所述底梁内层工字钢(21)由两个形状相同的内层钢件组成,底梁外层工字钢(20)由两个形状相同的外层钢件组成,内层钢件之间和外层钢件之间均通过夹板连接件(23)连接。5. The method of using the deep well horse head door device with deformation measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that, the inner layer I-beam (21) of the bottom beam is composed of two inner layer steel parts with the same shape Composition, the outer I-beam (20) of the bottom beam is composed of two outer steel parts with the same shape, and the inner steel parts and the outer steel parts are connected by splint connectors (23). 6. 根据权利要求1 所述的具有变形量测功能的深井马头门装置的使用方法,其特征在于,所述多个马头门支架之间通过架间连接板(15)固定连接。6. The method of using the deep well horse head door device with deformation measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that, the multiple horse head door brackets are fixedly connected by connecting plates (15) between frames.
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