CN106868707A - 吸色布的制造方法及吸色剂 - Google Patents

吸色布的制造方法及吸色剂 Download PDF

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CN106868707A
CN106868707A CN201610996963.0A CN201610996963A CN106868707A CN 106868707 A CN106868707 A CN 106868707A CN 201610996963 A CN201610996963 A CN 201610996963A CN 106868707 A CN106868707 A CN 106868707A
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蔡国妹
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Shanghai Institute Of Chemical Technology Co Ltd Zhen
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种吸色布的制造方法，步骤包括：1)将粘胶纤维和涤纶纤维开松混合；2)将纤维梳理均匀；3)将纤维铺成网状结构的松散面料；4)对面料进行牵伸成型；5)预加湿处理，正反水刺加固；6)浸入轧槽，用吸色助剂处理，再用轧辊脱水；7)烘干；8)浸入轧槽，用固着剂处理，再用轧辊脱水9)烘干，打卷，分切，折叠，制作成需要的尺寸。发明通过改进吸色布的生产工艺，不仅简化了吸色布的生产工艺，省去了现有工艺中用化学品处理粘胶纤维的步骤，降低了生产成本，而且扩大了吸色布的使用范围。

Description

吸色布的制造方法及吸色剂
技术领域
本发明涉及轻化工技术领域，特别是涉及吸色布的制造方法，及用于该方法的吸色剂。
背景技术
在日常生活的衣物清洗中，一般都是将所有需要洗涤的衣物一起放置于洗衣机中，然后加水搅拌或滚筒式洗涤。由于是所有衣物放在一起，因此，如果有容易掉色的衣物，从这些易掉色的衣物上脱落下来的染料就会分散在水中，串染其他白色或浅色的衣物，从而导致被染衣物的外观严重损毁。
为了解决衣物串色的问题，目前市场上出现了一种新型的吸色布，洗衣服时，只要在洗衣机中放入几片吸色布，与需要洗涤的衣物一起洗，从易掉色衣物上脱落的染料就会被吸色布吸附掉，从而避免了其他的衣物被染色。
目前，吸色布的常规生产工艺是：第一步，先在装有粘胶纤维的高温染色机中缓慢加入化学吸色助剂，缓慢升温到70℃，保温40～50分钟，然后反复排液、水洗(目的是洗掉没有与粘胶纤维结合的吸色基团，消除吸色布的异味，并防止吸色布烘干之后发黄)，最后在100～120℃下烘干；第二步，加30％涤纶纤维，与第一步处理好的粘胶纤维开松混合，梳理均匀后，进行交/直铺网、牵伸、预湿处理、正反水刺工艺处理，最后在150～180℃下烘干，卷绕；第三步，将制作好的吸色布切割、折叠成要求的尺寸。例如，申请号为201310020353.3的中国专利申请提出的一种吸色纤维及吸色非织造布的制备方法，该方法首先用碱性的阳离子纤维素醚水溶液处理粘胶纤维，然后将处理好的聚季胺盐粘胶纤维干燥，加≦40％涤纶短纤维开松混合，梳理，交/直铺网，固网成布，最后切割成要求的尺寸。这种工艺方法存在的主要问题是：1)产品的生产成本高。第一步用化学品处理粘胶纤维，不仅工艺流程复杂，而其需要在较高的温度下进行，并需要反复水洗、排液，因此会消耗大量的水电，造成能源的浪费。2)产品的使用范围比较单一，用该方法生产出来的吸色无纺布通常只能解决棉质衣物的串色问题，而无法解决洗衣过程中由涤纶材质的衣物造成的串色问题。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题之一是提供一种吸色布的制造方法，它不仅工艺简单、成本低，而且可以扩大吸色布的应用范围。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的吸色布的制造方法，步骤包括：
1)将粘胶纤维和涤纶纤维送入开松箱中，混合均匀；
2)将开松混合后的纤维送入梳理机，梳理均匀；
3)将梳理后的纤维送入铺网机，铺成网状结构的松散面料；
4)对网状结构的面料进行牵伸成型；
5)对牵伸后的面料进行预加湿处理，然后用正反水刺工艺加固；
6)将经水刺工艺加固后的面料送入轧槽，浸到吸色剂中处理，然后用轧辊脱水；
7)对轧辊脱水后的面料烘干；
8)烘干后，浸入轧槽，用固着剂处理，再用轧辊脱水；
9)将经步骤8)处理后的面料依次进行烘干、打卷、分切、折叠，制作成需要的尺寸。
上述的吸色布的制造方法，其中：步骤1)，粘胶纤维的比例为50％～80％，涤纶纤维的比例为20％～50％。
本发明要解决的技术问题之二是提供用于上述吸色布制造方法的吸色剂、固着剂的配方。
该吸色剂中包含有：吸色助剂、碱和水。其中，吸色助剂的配方中包含有50％～60％质量份的环氧丙烷与阳离子载体化合物的聚合产物，1％质量份的季胺盐抗菌剂，39％～49％质量份的水。所述阳离子载体化合物可以使用咪唑啉。所述季胺盐抗菌剂可以使用3丙基二甲基十八烷基氯化铵。吸色剂中吸色助剂和水的配比为每升水加100～150克吸色助剂。吸色剂中的碱可以使用氢氧化钠等，作用是调节吸色剂的pH值，吸色剂的较佳pH值范围是9～11；
该固着剂中包含有：二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵70-80％，二烯丙基胺5-10％，水10％-25％。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下有益效果：
本发明通过改进吸色布的生产工艺，一方面完全省去了现有工艺中用化学品处理粘胶纤维的步骤，简化了吸色布的生产工艺，降低了生产成本(现有工艺的生产成本约41800～47200元/吨，本发明的生产成本只有26000～31000元/吨)；另一方面扩大了吸色布的适用范围，用本发明的方法制造的吸色布不仅对各种材质的织物都具有很好的防串色效果，而且还可以用于纺织印染企业的废水处理(由于利用的是物理吸附杂质原理，因此不会造成二次污染，相比传统的废水化学处理方法更环保)。
附图说明
图1为本发明的吸色布与现有吸色布的吸色效果比较表。
注：图1中Dr.Beckmann牌进口吸色布的生产商是德国delta pronatura公司；范耐斯牌吸色布的生产商是上海剑良无纺无纺制品有限公司。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一、配制吸色助剂
将50％～60％质量份的环氧丙烷与咪唑啉的聚合产物、1％质量份的季胺盐抗菌剂(品牌：Herst，规格：ATB9800)、39％～49％质量份的去离子水放入反应釜中，开启搅拌器，在100～120转/分钟转速下，搅拌120分钟，制备成吸色助剂。
二、制造吸色布
吸色布生产线的车速为50米/分钟。
1.将粘胶纤维和涤纶纤维按80％:20％的比例送入开松箱，混合均匀后，送入梳理机，将纤维梳理均匀。
2.将梳理后的纤维送入铺网机，铺成一层层网状结构的松散面料。
3.对网状结构的面料进行牵伸成型，使面料均匀度达到最佳。
4.用带孔滚筒或夹持式输网帘对成型纤网进行预加湿处理。
5.送入水刺机，用正反水刺工艺对纤网进行加固。让水刺头喷水板的喷水孔喷射出多股微细水射流，垂直射向纤网，使纤网中的一部分表层纤维发生移位，包括向纤网反面的垂直运动，当水流穿过纤网后，受到拖网帘或转鼓的反弹作用，会以不同的方位散射到纤网的反面，在水射流直接冲击和反弹水流的双重作用下，纤网中的纤维发生位移﹑穿插﹑缠结﹑抱合，形成无数个柔性缠结点，从而使纤网加固。
6.将正反水刺加固后的面料送入轧槽，浸到吸色剂中进行处理，然后借助轧槽的轧辊脱除面料中的大部分水(带液率100％)。轧槽中的吸色剂的配比为：吸色助剂100～150克每升水，30％浓度的氢氧化钠10～20克每升水。
这一步吸色助剂在碱的催化作用下，使面料中的粘胶纤维完成改性，粘胶纤维表面带上了很强的阳离子电荷。由于所有的固体类染料在水溶液中都呈现为阴离子，因此，在洗衣液中，阴离子染料会被带阳离子的粘胶纤维吸附，这样染料就不会毡色到衣物上，从而达到防毡色效果。
7.将面料送入150～180℃的烘箱中，烘干2分钟。然后打卷，分切，折叠，制作成需要的尺寸。
三、吸色效果对比
用以下方法检测本实施例制造的吸色布与市场上现有的吸色布的吸色效果：
染料配液：1％浓度的标准色样(分散红，活性红，活性黑，活性翠兰)染液
洗衣液：每升水兑1克奥妙中性洗衣液
向100毫升配好的洗衣液中加入0.4毫升染料配液，加入1克吸色布、0.5克纯白的全棉梭织布、0.5克纯白的全涤梭织布，放入震荡机中震荡30分钟，查看白布的毡色情况。检测结果参见图1所示(面料毡色情况用+表示，+越少毡色越严重，不毡色为+++++)。
图1本发明的吸色布与现有吸色布的吸色效果比较，由图1可以看到，本发明的吸色布的吸色效果要明显好于市场上现有的吸色布，能够完全吸附掉活性红、活性黑、活性翠兰染料，对于分散红染料和靛蓝也具有优异的吸附性能。

Claims (9)

1.一种吸色布的制造方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)将粘胶纤维和涤纶纤维送入开松箱中，混合均匀；
2)将开松混合后的纤维送入梳理机，梳理均匀；
3)将梳理后的纤维送入铺网机，铺成网状结构的松散面料；
4)对网状结构的面料进行牵伸成型；
5)对牵伸后的面料进行预加湿处理，然后用正反水刺工艺加固；
6)将经水刺工艺加固后的面料送入轧槽，浸到吸色剂中处理，然后用轧辊脱水；
7)对轧辊脱水后的面料烘干；
8)烘干后，浸入轧槽，用固着剂处理，再用轧辊脱水；
9)将经步骤8)处理后的面料依次进行烘干、打卷、分切、折叠，制作成需要的尺寸。
2.如权利要求1所述的吸色布的制造方法，其特征在于：步骤1)，粘胶纤维的比例为50％～80％，涤纶纤维的比例为20％～50％。
3.如权利要求2所述的吸色布的制造方法，其特征在于，步骤6)，所述吸色剂中包含有：吸色助剂、碱和水，吸色助剂和水的配比为每升水加100～150克吸色助剂，吸色剂的pH值为9～11。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述吸色助剂的配方中包括有：质量份50％～60％的环氧丙烷与阳离子载体化合物聚合产物，1％质量份的季胺盐抗菌剂，39％～49％质量份的去离子水。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述阳离子载体化合物包括咪唑啉，所述季胺盐抗菌剂包括3丙基二甲基十八烷基氯化铵。
6.如权利要求2所述的吸色布的制造方法，其特征在于，步骤6)，所述吸色剂中包含有：吸色助剂、碱和水，吸色助剂包含有50％～60％质量份的环氧丙烷与阳离子载体化合物的聚合产物、1％质量份的季胺盐抗菌剂、39％～49％质量份的水，所述吸色剂的pH值为9～11。
7.如权利要求6所述的吸色布的制造方法，其特征在于，所述阳离子载体化合物包括咪唑啉；所述季胺盐抗菌剂包括3丙基二甲基十八烷基氯化铵。
8.如权利要求7所述的吸色布的制造方法，其特征在于，所述吸色剂中，吸色助剂和水的配比为每升水加100～150克吸色助剂。
9.如权利要求2所述的吸色布的制造方法，其特征在于，步骤8)，所述固着剂中包含有：二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵70-80％，二烯丙基胺5-10％，水10％-25％。
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