CN106861340B - Multifunctional air purifying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multifunctional air purification device, which comprises a dust particle charging area (4), a pre-filter (2), a strong parallel electric field dust collection part (1) and a photocatalytic decomposition layer (3) arranged in sequence, The dust particle charging area (4) is composed of a corona electrode (5) and a metal plate with holes (8); the strong parallel electric field dust collection part (1) is composed of an electrode layer (7) and a mesh plastic The plates (6) are alternately arranged to form a parallel strong electric field; the photocatalytic decomposition layer (3) is arranged behind the strong parallel electric field dust collection part (1). Compared with the prior art, the device of the present invention is small and compact, has high dust removal and sterilization efficiency, and the graphene airgel layer has strong adsorption capacity and is easy to be functionalized, and can effectively absorb organic pollution such as formaldehyde, and the graphene airgel The pore specific surface area is large, the photocatalyst loading capacity is high, and the photocatalyst loading stability is higher in the air flow, and it can also eliminate the ozone generated during the electrostatic dust collection process.

Description

A multifunctional air purification device

technical field

The invention relates to an air purification device, in particular to a multifunctional air purification device with graphene airgel loaded with photocatalyst as the photocatalytic decomposition layer.

Background technique

Electrostatic dust removal technology is a dust removal method in which gas is ionized in an electrostatic field, meets dust particles, charges the dust particles, and is then adsorbed on the dust collection plate. Its advantages include: (1) The structure of the dust removal device is simple and the cost is low. Low power consumption; (2) The large amount of air negative ions produced can help improve indoor air, making people energetic and less prone to fatigue; (3) It can capture dust particles with a diameter of less than 0.1 μm, and can efficiently remove PM2 in the air. 5 pollution particles. However, the defects of traditional electrostatic precipitating technology limit its application effect in air purification equipment.

Along with corona discharge, electrostatic dust removal technology will inevitably produce ozone, which has the potential hazard of secondary pollution, and is not suitable for purifying gaseous organic pollutants such as formaldehyde, and the sterilization and disinfection effect is not obvious. Although photocatalytic technology is not effective in purifying particulate matter, it can effectively remove gaseous organic pollutants such as ozone and formaldehyde. Therefore, the combination of electrostatic dust removal technology and photocatalytic technology is one of the important development trends of purification devices.

Graphene airgel materials have the advantages of porosity (>99%) and large specific surface area, and are extremely easy to functionalize, capable of adsorbing organic pollutants such as formaldehyde. In addition, when the photocatalyst particles are evenly loaded on the graphene airgel, the contact area between the photocatalyst and the reactant actually participating in the reaction is larger than that of the pure photocatalyst nanoparticle, and the aerogel changes the nanoparticle from the agglomerated state to the dispersed state. The ability of it is higher than that of activated carbon, and its ability to fix photocatalyst is much higher than that of directly coating photocatalyst on the electrode plate. Using graphene airgel loaded with photocatalyst as the photocatalytic decomposition layer will greatly reduce the layer thickness, efficiently adsorb organic pollutants and decompose ozone.

Therefore, integrating the advantages of photocatalytic technology and electrostatic precipitating technology of graphene airgel-loaded photocatalyst nanoparticles can solve the defects of existing air purification devices and can truly meet people's urgent needs for air purification.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional air cleaning device in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a multifunctional air purification device, characterized in that the device includes a dust particle charging area, a pre-filter, a strong parallel electric field dust collection part and a photocatalytic decomposition layer arranged in sequence , the dust particle charging area is composed of a corona electrode and a metal plate with holes; the strong parallel electric field dust collection part is a parallel strong electric field formed by alternating arrangement of electrode layers and grid-like plastic plates; the light The catalytic decomposition layer is arranged behind the strong parallel electric field dust collecting part. The device is small and compact, with high dust removal and sterilization efficiency, can effectively absorb organic pollution such as formaldehyde, and can also eliminate ozone generated during electrostatic dust collection.

The corona pole is a conductive rod with a fairing at the front end.

The fairing at the front end of the corona pole has a two-stage structure: a cylinder-cone shape, the diameter of the cylinder section is 1-10mm, and the diameter of the cone section is 1-10mm; the fairing makes the airflow naturally avoid the corona The corona area reduces the adsorption and deposition of dust on the corona electrode. The corona pole is a thin conductive rod with a triangular tooth emitter contact pin. The length of the emitter is 1-20mm. The length of the emitter is less than the size of the fairing. The corona emission is realized by using the sharp conductive points of the triangular teeth, and the negative air ions generated by charging the particles are all generated in the corona of the emitter pin. There are multiple corona electrodes in the entire ionization plane, which improves the air ionization efficiency and dust collection speed.

The fairing is positioned at the center of the channel plane of the channel metal plate with the channel metal plate, and the channel diameter of the metal plate with the channel channel is 1-5cm, which guides the air directionally to gather in the high-concentration and violent collision area of the corona pole negative ions.

There are multiple corona electrodes, all of which are located in the center of the hole plane of the metal plate with holes.

The pre-filter is made of gelatinized cotton, which can not only achieve the adsorption of dust or pollen in the air, but also has a high-efficiency sterilization effect because the surface of the gelled cotton is rich in AV-990 cationic groups. The pre-filter screen preliminarily filters the large particle dust, which reduces the probability of secondary pollution of the air due to the large amount of by-products produced by the electrostatic precipitator due to the deposition of excessive dust particles.

The depth of the pre-filter is between 0.2-2cm.

The strong parallel electric field dust collection part uses graphite or graphene conductive layer as the electrode layer, and uses grid-shaped plastic plates as gas channels. The electrode layers and grid-like plastic plates are arranged alternately, and the electrode layers are formed after high voltage The parallel strong electric field dust collection can realize the adsorption of dust below 20 microns in the air, especially PM2.5.

The height of the grid-shaped plastic plate is 1-5 mm, the plastic plate is non-conductive, and the dense grid improves the filtration efficiency.

The photocatalytic decomposition layer is graphene airgel loaded with photocatalyst, the airgel has a pore diameter of 0.1-100 microns, and the photocatalyst material includes nano titanium dioxide particles or nano bismuth vanadate particles.

The thickness of the photocatalytic decomposition layer is 0.2-10mm. Graphene airgel with high porosity can achieve high loading of photocatalyst nanoparticles, efficiently decompose ozone, and further kill a variety of bacteria. At the same time, due to the functionalization of graphene airgel, it can contain a large number of polar groups such as amino groups and hydroxyl groups, and can also adsorb organic pollutants such as formaldehyde and toluene.

Compared with the prior art, the device of the present invention is small and compact, has high dust removal and sterilization efficiency, and the graphene airgel layer has a strong adsorption capacity and is easy to be functionalized, and can effectively absorb organic pollution such as formaldehyde, and the graphene airgel The pore specific surface area is large, the photocatalyst loading capacity is high, and the photocatalyst loading stability is higher in the air flow, and it can also eliminate the ozone generated during the electrostatic dust collection process.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multifunctional air purification device;

Figure 2 is a schematic front view of the parallel electric field dust collection part;

Figure 3 SEM image of graphene airgel.

Detailed ways

The present invention is specifically described below by way of examples. It is necessary to point out that the following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limiting the protection scope of the present invention, some non-essential improvements and improvements made by those skilled in the art according to the contents of the present invention Adjustment still belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, a multi-functional air purification device has a dust particle charging area 4, a pre-filter 2, a strong parallel electric field dust collection part 1 and a photocatalytic decomposition layer 3 arranged in sequence.

The dust particle charging area 4 is composed of a corona electrode 5 and a metal plate 8 with holes; the corona electrode 5 is located in the middle of the metal plate 8 with holes, and multiple can be provided. The corona pole 5 is a conductive rod with a fairing at the front end, and the fairing at the front end of the corona pole 5 is a two-stage structure: conical-cylindrical, the diameter of the cylindrical section is 1-10mm, and the diameter of the conical section is 1-10mm; the fairing is located in the center of the channel plane of the metal plate 8 with the channel, and the diameter of the channel of the metal plate 8 with the channel is 1-5cm. The corona electrode 5 is a thin conductive rod with a triangular-teeth emitter contact pin, and the length of the emitter is 1-20mm. The length of the emitter is less than the size of the fairing.

The pre-filter 2 is made of gelatinized cotton, with a depth of 0.2-2 cm, which absorbs material particles such as floating dust or pollen with a larger particle size in the air, and performs preliminary filtration of large-particle dust.

As shown in Figure 2, the described strong parallel electric field dust collection part 1 uses graphite or graphene conductive layer as the electrode layer 7, and uses the grid-like plastic plate 6 as the gas channel, and the electrode layer 7 alternates with the grid-like plastic plate 6 Arrangement, the electrode layer 7 forms a parallel strong electric field to collect dust after the high voltage is applied, and the height of the grid-like plastic plate 6 is 1-5mm, which absorbs dust particles with a diameter of less than 20 microns in the air.

The photocatalytic decomposition layer 3 is a graphene airgel loaded with a photocatalyst, and the airgel has a pore diameter of 0.1 to 100 microns, and its scanning electron microscope picture is shown in Figure 3, and the abundant micropores of the airgel can be seen structure. The photocatalyst material includes nano titanium dioxide particles or nano bismuth vanadate particles. The graphene airgel is soaked in the homogeneous mixture of photocatalyst particles, and then taken out to dry naturally, the graphene airgel can realize the loading of the photocatalyst. The thickness of the photocatalytic decomposition layer is 0.2-10mm.

The specific embodiment of applying the above-mentioned multifunctional air cleaning device is as follows:

Example 1

In a 30m ² room, use a formaldehyde gas pollutant generating device to add a certain amount of formaldehyde gaseous pollutant gas into the room, so that the initial concentration of formaldehyde reaches 1.0mg/m ³ ; the initial PM2.5 content in the test room is 0.05mg/m m ³ , the initial content of PM10 is 1.0mg/m ³ , and there is a certain amount of inhalable particulate matter; at the same time, the initial content of ozone is 0.06mg/m ³ , which is a safe content.

There are 5 corona poles in the multifunctional air purification device, the diameter of the hole of the metal plate with holes is 2cm, the length of the emitter is 2cm, the diameter of the fairing cylinder section is 5mm, and the diameter of the cone section is 5mm; the pre-filter is made of glue Made of chemical cotton, the depth is 0.5cm; the graphite conductive layer is used as the electrode layer, and the grid-like plastic plate is used as the gas channel. The electrode layer and the plastic plate are arranged alternately. After the electrode layer is passed through high voltage, a parallel strong electric field is formed to collect dust. , the height of the mesh plastic plate is 3 mm; the photocatalyst of graphene airgel loaded with titanium dioxide nanoparticles is used as the photocatalytic decomposition layer, and the thickness is 0.2 mm.

Place a fan and an ultraviolet lamp at the front end of the multi-functional air purification device, and turn on the switch. The airflow containing dust particles and formaldehyde enters the air purification device along with the fan, and is preliminarily filtered through the pre-filter to filter out the dust particles and preliminarily sterilize them. Entering the dust collection plate with parallel strong electric field, the charged dust is captured by the dust collection plate, and finally passes through the photocatalytic decomposition layer to decompose ozone and absorb organic pollutants such as formaldehyde. After testing, after the multifunctional air purification device works for 1 hour, the formaldehyde content in the air is reduced by 95%, the PM2.5 content is reduced by 97%, the PM1.0 content is reduced by 99%, and the ozone content is reduced by 5%.

Example 2

Inside the narrow car, the initial concentration of formaldehyde is 0.15mg/m ³ , the initial content of PM2.5 is 0.10 mg/m ³ , the initial content of PM10 is 1.2 mg/m ³ , and the initial content of ozone is 0.05 mg/m ³ , which is safe content.

There are 10 corona poles of the multifunctional air purification device, the diameter of the hole of the metal plate with holes is 1cm, the length of the emitter is 1cm, the diameter of the fairing cylinder section is 8mm, and the diameter of the cone section is 8mm; the pre-filter is made of glue Made of chemical cotton, the depth is 1.0cm; the graphite conductive layer is used as the electrode layer, and the grid-shaped plastic plate is used as the gas channel. The electrode layer and the plastic plate are arranged alternately. After the electrode layer is passed through high voltage, a parallel strong electric field is formed to collect dust. , the height of the mesh plastic plate is 4 mm; the photocatalyst of graphene airgel loaded titanium dioxide nanoparticles is used as the photocatalytic decomposition layer, and the thickness is 0.5 mm.

Place a fan and an ultraviolet lamp at the front end of the multi-functional air purification device, and turn on the switch. The airflow containing dust particles and formaldehyde enters the air purification device along with the fan, and is preliminarily filtered through the pre-filter to filter out the dust particles and preliminarily sterilize them. Entering the dust collection plate with parallel strong electric field, the charged dust is captured by the dust collection plate, and finally passes through the photocatalytic decomposition layer to decompose ozone and absorb organic pollutants such as formaldehyde. After testing, after the multifunctional air purification device works for 1 hour, the formaldehyde content in the air is reduced by 98%, the PM2.5 content is reduced by 98%, the PM1.0 content is reduced by 97%, and the ozone content is increased by 2% (in the safe range).

Example 3

In a 23m ² room, a certain amount of formaldehyde gaseous pollutant gas is added to the room using a formaldehyde gas pollutant generating device, so that the initial concentration of formaldehyde reaches 1.2mg/m ³ ; the initial PM2.5 content in the test room is 0.06mg/m m ³ , the initial content of PM10 is 1.2mg/m ³ , and there is a certain amount of inhalable particulate matter; at the same time, the initial content of ozone is 0.04mg/m ³ , which is a safe content.

There are 5 corona poles in the multifunctional air purification device, the diameter of the hole of the metal plate with holes is 2cm, the length of the emitter is 2cm, the diameter of the fairing cylinder section is 5mm, and the diameter of the cone section is 5mm; the pre-filter is made of glue Made of chemical cotton, the depth is 0.5cm; the graphene conductive layer is used as the electrode layer, and the grid-shaped plastic plate is used as the gas channel. The electrode layer and the plastic plate are arranged alternately. Dust, the height of the grid-shaped plastic plate is 3mm; the photocatalyst of graphene airgel loaded with bismuth vanadate nanoparticles is used as the photocatalytic decomposition layer, and the thickness is 0.2mm.

Place a fan and an ultraviolet lamp at the front end of the multi-functional air purification device, and turn on the switch. The airflow containing dust particles and formaldehyde enters the air purification device along with the fan, and is preliminarily filtered through the pre-filter to filter out the dust particles and preliminarily sterilize them. Entering the dust collection plate with parallel strong electric field, the charged dust is captured by the dust collection plate, and finally passes through the photocatalytic decomposition layer to decompose ozone and absorb organic pollutants such as formaldehyde. After testing, after the multifunctional air purification device works for 1 hour, the formaldehyde content in the air is reduced by 94%, the PM2.5 content is reduced by 96%, the PM1.0 content is reduced by 97%, and the ozone content is increased by 5% (in a safe range).

Claims (7)

1. A multifunctional air cleaning device is characterized in that the device includes a dust particle charging area (4), a pre-filter (2), a strong parallel electric field dust collection part (1) and a photocatalytic decomposition layer ( 3), the dust particle charging area (4) is composed of a corona electrode (5) and a metal plate with holes (8); the strong parallel electric field dust collection part (1) is an electrode layer (7) and a mesh A parallel strong electric field formed by alternate arrangement of grid-shaped plastic plates (6); the photocatalytic decomposition layer (3) is arranged behind the strong parallel electric field dust collection part (1); The pre-filter (2) is made of gelled cotton, and the surface of the gelled cotton is rich in AV-990 cationic groups; The photocatalytic decomposition layer (3) is a graphene airgel loaded with a photocatalyst, the airgel has a pore diameter of 0.1 to 100 microns, and the photocatalyst material includes nano-titanium dioxide particles or nano-bismuth vanadate particles; The corona pole (5) is a conductive rod with a fairing at the front end; the fairing at the front end of the corona pole (5) is a two-stage structure: cylinder-conical, and the diameter of the cylinder section is 1 -10mm, the diameter of the conical section is 1-10mm; the fairing makes the airflow naturally avoid the corona corona area, reducing the adsorption and deposition of dust on the corona electrode, which has a triangular tooth emitter contact The thin conductive rod of the needle, the length of the emitter is 1-20mm, and the length of the emitter is smaller than the size of the fairing. The corona emission is realized by the sharp conductive point of the triangular teeth, and the air negative ions generated by charging the particles are all in the Generated in the corona of the emitter contact pin, there are multiple corona electrodes in the entire ionization plane, which improves the air ionization efficiency and dust collection speed. 2. A kind of multifunctional air cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fairing is located at the center of the channel plane of the channel metal plate of the band channel metal plate (8), and the band channel metal plate (8) The channel diameter is 1-5cm. 3. A multifunctional air cleaning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that there are multiple corona electrodes (5), all located in the center of the hole plane of the metal plate (8) with holes. 4. A multifunctional air cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the depth of the pre-filter (2) is between 0.2-2cm. 5. A kind of multifunctional air cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, said strong parallel electric field dust collection part (1) is electrode layer (7) with graphite or graphene conductive layer, with grid Shaped plastic plates (6) are gas passages, electrode layers (7) and grid-shaped plastic plates (6) are alternately arranged, and electrode layers (7) form a parallel strong electric field to collect dust after passing high voltage. 6. A multifunctional air cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that, the height of the grid-shaped plastic plate (6) is 1-5mm. 7. A multifunctional air purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the photocatalytic decomposition layer (3) has a thickness of 0.2-10mm.