CN106857912A - A kind of method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea - Google Patents
A kind of method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN106857912A CN106857912A CN201710091417.7A CN201710091417A CN106857912A CN 106857912 A CN106857912 A CN 106857912A CN 201710091417 A CN201710091417 A CN 201710091417A CN 106857912 A CN106857912 A CN 106857912A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/08—Oxidation; Fermentation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea, including fermentation casing, the Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt being arranged in the cabinets cavity, and the controller for controlling Zymolysis Equipment to work, there is spatia in the interlayer of Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt, the layering oxygen and oxygen concentration supervising device, layering atomizing humidifying performance and humidity control device, leveled heating and infrared temperature supervising device, hierarchical visual color monitoring device, fragrance smell monitoring device being connected with controller are provided with spatia；The present invention can be realized to each layer fermentation leaf temp of the whole fermentation process of tealeaves, yeasting humidity, yeasting oxygen concentration, fermentated leaves color change, fermentated leaves fragrance smell, transmission belt transmission speed difference real-time monitoring and control, with the time is short, serialization and the features such as high degree of automation, really realize fermentation of black tea intelligent machining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea, belong to Tea Processing technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Black tea makes and generally includes fresh leaf and wither, knead, fermenting, drying and the operation such as Titian.Fermentation is very crucial step
Suddenly, only ferment appropriate, theaflavin (TF) is moderate with thearubigin (TR) rich content, ratio in fermentated leaves, fragrant in fermentation process
Gas composition rolls up, and clear floweriness or fruit aroma just occurs, can just process the black tea of high-quality.Traditional zymotic operation
It is ground that the tea spreading that will be kneaded is placed on andron, or tealeaves is deposited in utensil again stacking to special casing
In, make tea leaf fermentation under natural environment or under given warm and humid environment, 6~8h of general spring fermentation time, summer 3~
4h, fermentation time and degree also need to manually stir tealeaves during the fermentation by manually grasping by rule of thumb.This
Kind of the method efficiency that wastes time and energy is low.
In recent years, the various plant equipment of fermentation of black tea have had significant improvement.Publication date be on 08 24th, 2016,
The patent document of Publication No. CN 205492429U discloses a kind of Intelligent black tea fermentation machine, including host housing, transmission skin
Band, discharge control valve, humidity detector, heating and dehumidification device, atomizing device, ventilation flabellum and tea inlet valve,
Tea inlet valve is arranged on tea inlet funnel, and feed belt is arranged on Based Intelligent Control drive, humidity detector
Installed in the inside lower right of host housing, the lower right of host housing is provided with tea export, and discharge control valve is arranged on tea
In leaf outlet, control panel, temperature-detecting device, Based Intelligent Control drive, motor, humidity inspection are provided with below host housing
Device, heating and dehumidification device, atomizing device and ventilation motor is surveyed to be electrically connected with control panel.The equipment operation safety
It is convenient, the control of fermentation of black tea temperature can be realized with monitor in real time internal body temperature by temperature-detecting device, by transmission
Crawler belt can be by tealeaves submitting at the uniform velocity.But the change of fermentation process fermentated leaves color and the change of fragrance cannot be monitored on-line.
Publication date is on 08 10th, 2016, the patent document of Publication No. CN 205431903U is disclosed in one kind and followed
Ring type black tea fermentation machine, including fermenting cellar and air distributing device, and for controlling the control module of the air distributing device work, its
In gas-recycling plant for driving gas circulating flow in fermenting cellar is provided with the fermenting cellar, be externally provided with fermenting cellar
For to the apparatus of oxygen supply that oxygen is provided in fermenting cellar, apparatus of oxygen supply to be connected with control module, and the apparatus of oxygen supply of setting ensure that
During the fermentation in fermenting cellar oxygen concentration it is constant, while set gas-recycling plant, increased fermentation indoor gas
Circulation so that humidity, temperature in fermenting cellar, and oxygen can be evenly distributed in fermenting cellar, be greatly improved
The quality of fermentation of black tea.But the equipment fermentation process tealeaves is static, it is impossible to enough realize serialization.
It is intelligent that publication date is on 02 11st, 2015, the patent document of Publication No. CN 204146240U discloses one kind
Control high pressure black tea Rapid Fermentation machine, including casing, are connected with air inlet pipe and escaping pipe on casing, oxygen concentration is provided with casing
Sensor, baroceptor, ccd sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, casing are externally provided with controller, and oxygen concentration is passed
The connection of sensor, baroceptor, ccd sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and controller.The equipment can be accelerated red
The fermentation process of tea, realizes the effect of black tea Rapid Fermentation, can accurately differentiate the attenuation degree of black tea so that the quality of black tea
Improve.But the equipment fermentation process leaf is static, it is impossible to enough realize serialization.
It is continuous that publication date is on 03 12nd, 2014, the patent document of Publication No. CN 203467587U discloses one kind
Change black tea fermentation machine, including casing and the Multi-layer rotary type foraminous conveyer being arranged in the cabinets cavity, Multi-layer rotary type conveying
The interlayer of guipure has spatia, has cavity in the periphery of Multi-layer rotary type foraminous conveyer；Tea inlet port is provided with the top of casing
And exhausting window, the side of the top layer foraminous conveyer of multilayer foraminous conveyer is placed exactly in the underface of the tea inlet port, multilayer conveying
The revolution end of the bottom foraminous conveyer of guipure is adapted with tea outlet；In cabinets cavity, at every layer of revolution of foraminous conveyer
Hairbrush is provided with, fan is equipped with every layer of spatia of foraminous conveyer, wind recirculation assembly is provided with bottom；In the outside of casing
On wall, be provided with electric control gear and vapour cycle component, vapour cycle component is made up of humidifier, water heater and steam inlet pipe, steam inlet pipe with
The intracavity inter-connection of the casing.Native programization is controlled, and has the advantages that continuous operations.But the equipment cannot also be supervised online
Survey the change of fermentation process fermentated leaves color and the change of fragrance.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：A kind of side using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea is provided
Method, collection continuous prodution, humiture auto-control, dynamic oxygen supply, on-line monitoring tealeaves color change and tea leaf fermentation fragrance become
Change etc. function in one, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea, the fermentation
Equipment includes fermentation casing, the Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt being arranged in fermentation cabinets cavity, and for controlling Zymolysis Equipment
The controller of work, charging aperture, the wherein side of the top layer transmission belt of Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt are provided with fermentation casing top
Positioned at the lower section of the charging aperture, discharging opening, wherein the bottom transmission of Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt are provided with fermentation lower box
The end of band is adapted with the discharging opening, has spatia in the interlayer of the Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt, in the gap
Layering oxygen and oxygen concentration supervising device, layering atomizing humidifying performance and humidity control device, leveled heating and red are provided with chamber
Outside line device for monitoring temperature, hierarchical visual color monitoring device, fragrance smell monitoring device, wherein layering oxygen and oxygen are dense
Degree supervising device, layering atomizing humidifying performance and humidity control device, leveled heating and infrared temperature supervising device, hierarchical visual face
Color monitoring device, fragrance smell monitoring device are respectively connected with controller wire, are passed in the top layer of Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt
With bottom transmission belt tundish containing m conveying transmission belt, wherein m=2n+1, n >=1, the method for the processing black tea includes defeated band
Following steps：
Step 1：The running parameter of top layer spatia is set, the oxygen concentration parameter in top layer spatia is set to >=
90%, starting this layer of apparatus of oxygen supply less than the value carries out oxygen supply；It is 93%~95% by atomizing humidifying performance parameter setting, less than the ginseng
Number lower limit starts this layer of atomizing humidifier, and this layer of atomizing humidifier is stopped higher than the parameter upper limit value；By fermentated leaves
Temperature is set in 32 DEG C~33 DEG C, and starting this layer of heater less than the parameter lower limit value is heated, higher than the parameter upper limit
Value stops this layer of heater；Start this layer of visual color monitoring device and fragrance smell monitoring device；This layer of transmission belt is set
Speed is 0.004m/s~0.006m/s；
Step 2：The running parameter of remaining spatia in addition to top layer and bottom is set, oxygen concentration parameter is set to
>=85%, starting this layer of apparatus of oxygen supply less than the value carries out oxygen supply；It is 91%~93% by atomizing humidifying performance parameter setting, less than this
Parameter lower limit value starts this layer of atomizing humidifier, and this layer of atomizing humidifier is stopped higher than the parameter upper limit value；By fermentated leaves
Temperature be set in 30 DEG C~32 DEG C, starting this layer of heater less than the parameter lower limit value is heated, higher than in the parameter
Limit value stops this layer of heater；Start this layer of visual color monitoring device and fragrance smell monitoring device；This layer transmission is set
Tape speed is 0.004m/s~0.006m/s；
Step 3：The running parameter of bottom spatia is set, oxygen concentration parameter is set to >=80%, opened less than the value
Moving this layer of apparatus of oxygen supply carries out oxygen supply；It is 91%~93% by atomizing humidifying performance parameter setting, starting less than the parameter lower limit value should
Layer atomizing humidifier, this layer of atomizing humidifier is stopped higher than the parameter upper limit value；The temperature of fermentated leaves is set in 32 DEG C
~33 DEG C, start this layer of heater less than the parameter lower limit value and heated, stopping this layer higher than the parameter upper limit value heats
Device；Start this layer of visual color monitoring device, this layer of visual color parameter is set for yellowish red color；Start this layer of fragrance smell prison
Device is surveyed, this layer of fragrance smell parameter is set for the fragrance of a flower or fruity；It is 0.004m/s~0.006m/ to set this layer transmission tape speed
S or 0.008m/s or 0.010m/s；
Step 4：Start Zymolysis Equipment to be operated；
Step 5：Tealeaves to be fermented is spread in transmission belt with the in uniform thickness of 3cm~4cm；
Step 6：Through after a while, when bottom visual color monitoring device detects this layer of fermentated leaves color for Huang is red
Color, and when fragrance smell monitoring device detects this layer of fermentated leaves smell for the fragrance of a flower or fruity；The transmission belt of this layer with
0.008m/s or 0.010m/s speed quickly drives fermentated leaves to leave fermentation casing and exported by discharging opening, completes this section fermentation
Leaf fermentation procedure.
The layering oxygen and oxygen concentration supervising device are included installed in spatia side wall for detector gap chamber
The oxygen concentration sensor of interior oxygen concentration and be arranged at fermenting case it is external in spatia provide oxygen oxygen supply fill
Put, oxygen concentration sensor is connected with controller, controller is connected with apparatus of oxygen supply wire.Using layering oxygen, so may be used
It is dynamic change situation with the amount of oxygen needed according to tea leaf fermentation process and amount of oxygen is provided, i.e., is needed in the fermentation incipient stage
The oxygen of high concentration (>=90%), ferment middle stage need the oxygen of intermediate concentration, and conveying transmission belt is had just enter into tealeaves
When, the oxygen of high concentration is supplied, and according to each stage of tea leaf fermentation process each layer oxygen concentration Monitoring Data real-time adjustment
Supply oxygen concentration.Oxidation and its oxypolymer theaflavin (TF), thearubigin (TR) so beneficial to Polyphenols in tealeaves
Generation, and theaflavin and congo red cellulose content increase, improve black tea inclusion content and quality.
The layering atomizing humidifying performance and humidity control device are included installed in spatia side wall in detector gap chamber
The humidity sensor of humidity and be arranged at fermenting case it is external in spatia provide atomization moisture atomizing humidifying performance fill
Put, humidity sensor is connected with controller, controller is connected with atomizing humidifier wire, be so easy to each clearance layer humidity
Carry out real-time monitoring and regulation and control.
The leveled heating and infrared temperature supervising device are included installed in spatia side wall for detector gap chamber
The infrared temperature temperature measurer of interior temperature and in spatia be used for heat heating element heater, infrared temperature temperature measurer
It is connected with controller, controller is connected with heating element conductors, is so easy to carry out real-time monitoring and tune to each clearance layer temperature
Control.
The hierarchical visual color monitoring device includes being used for the visual color for detecting black tea color in spatia
Sensor, the visual color sensor is connected with controller wire.So can be with fermentated leaves during real-time monitoring fermentation of black tea
Color by dark green, yellowish green, yellow, Huang Hong, red, the purplish red process to the dynamic change such as dark red, if fermentated leaves reaches setting
Yellowish red color (corresponding rgb value), i.e. fermentated leaves attenuation degree is moderate, completes fermentation, and this layer of fermentated leaves is in transmission conveying control system
The outlet port of Zymolysis Equipment is transported under the control of system rapidly, the fermentated leaves fermentation ends are realized to this layer of tea-processing
The real-time monitoring of color.
The fragrance smell monitoring device includes the perfume (or spice) for being detected to tea aroma smell in spatia
Gas smell sensor, the fragrance smell sensor is connected with controller wire.So can be with real-time monitoring fermentation process fermentated leaves
The change of fragrance by the dynamic changes such as delicate fragrance, the fragrance of a flower, fruity process, if fermentated leaves fragrance reaches the fragrance of a flower or fruity, the hair
Ferment leaf attenuation degree is moderate, the rapid outlet for being transported to Zymolysis Equipment under the control of transmission transport control system of this layer of fermentated leaves
Position, the fermentated leaves fermentation ends.Realize to will the tea aroma smell of fermentation ends carry out real-time monitoring.
Fan for realizing air circulation convection current is installed at the pair of horns of the fermentation casing.
Drainpipe is provided with the bottom side of the fermentation casing.
Transparent watch window is installed in the fermentation casing one side, is conducive to the vision of people directly to observe fermentated leaves
Truth.
Every layer of transmission belt of the Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt by being installed on the power transmission shaft at transmission belt two ends, and with wherein
The worm screw worm gear speed-reducing motor of one end power transmission shaft connection drives, and the worm screw turbine decelerator is connected with controller.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：First, fermentation of black tea process continuous of the present invention, automatic
Change degree is high.Second, fermentation of black tea temperature of the present invention is uniform, humidity uniform, fermentation time is short, high working efficiency of fermenting.Thirdly：
The present invention can automatically feed amount of oxygen according to the amount of oxygen dynamic change of tea leaf fermentation process needs, beneficial to Polyphenols in tealeaves
Oxidation and its oxypolymer theaflavin (TF), the generation of thearubigin (TR), and theaflavin and congo red cellulose content increase,
Improve the content and quality of black tea inclusion.It four：To the color of fermentated leaves by dark green, yellow during fermentation of black tea of the present invention
Green, yellow, Huang Hong, the change of red, purplish red process and fermentated leaves fragrance to the dynamic change such as dark red are by delicate fragrance, the fragrance of a flower, fruity
Process etc. dynamic change can realize the real-time monitoring of color and fragrance.It five：The present invention whole to black tea can be fermented
Each layer of journey fermentation leaf temp, yeasting humidity, yeasting oxygen concentration, fermentated leaves color change, fermentated leaves fragrance smell,
Transmission belt transmission speed distinguishes real-time monitoring and control, and card produces the black tea of high-quality.It six：Fermentation time of the invention
Short, serialization, automation, intelligence degree are very high, it is ensured that the quality of fermentation of black tea.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of main structure diagram of intellectuality black tea fermentation equipment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is another main structure diagram of intellectuality black tea fermentation equipment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of backsight structural representation of intellectuality black tea fermentation equipment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the layering oxygen and a kind of plan structure of atomizing humidifier of intellectuality black tea fermentation equipment of the invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is a kind of overlooking the structure diagram of the heating element heater of intellectuality black tea fermentation equipment of the invention；
In figure：1. ferment casing, 2. charging aperture, 3. watch window, 4. drainpipe, 5. universal double-brake castor, 6. discharging opening,
7. integrated supply plate, 8. visual color sensor, 9. Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt, 10. heating element heater, 11. conveyer belt sides support
Plate, 12. humidity sensors, 13. fans, 14. fragrance smell sensors, 15. atomizing humidifying performance supply pipes, the supply of 151. atomizing humidifying performances
Branch pipe, 152. humidification nozzles, 16. oxygen feeding pipes, 161. oxygen supply branch pipe, 162. oxygen supply micropore, 17. infrared ray temperature
Degree temperature measurer, 18. oxygen concentration sensors, 19. worm screw turbine decelerators, 20. striker plates.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made into one below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
Step ground is described in detail.
A kind of intelligent black tea fermentation equipment of the present invention, including fermentation casing 1, the multilayer that is arranged in the cabinets cavity are returned
Rotatable transmission belt 9, for the controller for controlling Zymolysis Equipment to work, is layered oxygen and oxygen concentration supervising device, is layered mist
Change humidification and humidity control device, leveled heating and infrared temperature supervising device, hierarchical visual color monitoring device, fragrance gas
Taste monitoring device, wherein layering oxygen and oxygen concentration supervising device, layering atomizing humidifying performance and humidity control device, layering add
Heat and infrared temperature supervising device, hierarchical visual color monitoring device, the control port of fragrance smell monitoring device are respectively
It is connected with controller wire.
Charging aperture 2, wherein the side position of the top layer transmission belt of Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt 9 are provided with fermentation casing 1 top
In the lower section of the charging aperture 2, discharging opening 6 is provided with fermentation casing 1 bottom, the wherein bottom of Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt 9 is passed
The end of defeated band is adapted with the discharging opening 6, has spatia in the interlayer of the Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt 9, in fermentation
It is provided with the pair of horns of casing 1 for realizing air circulation convection current, water blocking tape temperature control fan 13, in fermentation casing 1
Bottom side is provided with drainpipe 4, the drainpipe 4 be arranged in fermentation casing 1 below for collecting the rectangular of unnecessary vapor
Body open-top receptacle is connected, and transparent watch window 3 is provided with the fermentation one side of casing 1, and watch window 3 is provided with by nanometer
The brilliant clear, colorless safety glass of glass expelling water plating, so by the clear, colorless safety glass that the plating of nano-glass expelling water is brilliant, receives
Rice glass expelling water molecule can penetrate glass gap, and can make the very smooth of glass change with blind, even if in temperature
In the environment of high, humidity very big (RH >=95%), vapor or droplets form are there will not be in clear, colorless safety glass, this
Sample is conducive to the vision of people directly to observe the truth of fermentated leaves.
Layering oxygen and oxygen concentration supervising device include being used for in spatia conveyer belt side supporting plate 11
In detector gap chamber the oxygen concentration sensor 18 of oxygen concentration and be arranged at outside fermentation casing 1 for being carried in spatia
The apparatus of oxygen supply of oxygen, oxygen concentration sensor 18 is connected with controller, and controller is connected with apparatus of oxygen supply wire, wherein supplying
Oxygen device includes the oxygenerator being arranged on outside fermentation casing 1, and is arranged on the oxygen feeding pipe 16 in fermentation casing 1, oxygen
Supply branch pipe 161 and oxygen supply micropore 162, oxygenerator supplies branch pipe 161 and connects by oxygen feeding pipe 16 and oxygen, in oxygen
Multiple oxygen supply micropores 162 are disposed with gas supply branch pipe 161, the control port of oxygenerator is connected with controller.
Layering atomizing humidifying performance and humidity control device include in spatia conveyer belt side supporting plate 11 for examining
Survey spatia in humidity humidity sensor 12 and be arranged at fermentation casing 1 outside in spatia provide atomization moisture
Atomizing humidifier, humidity sensor 12 is connected with controller, and controller is connected with atomizing humidifier wire, wherein being atomized
Humidification device includes putting the humidifier outside fermentation casing 1, and is arranged on the atomizing humidifying performance supply pipe 15 in fermentation casing 1,
Atomizing humidifying performance supplies branch pipe 151 and humidification nozzle 152, and humidifier supplies branch pipe by atomizing humidifying performance supply pipe 15 with atomizing humidifying performance
151 connections, multiple humidification nozzles 152, the control port and controller of humidifier are disposed with atomizing humidifying performance supply branch pipe 151
Connection.
Leveled heating and infrared temperature supervising device include being used for installed in conveyer belt side supporting plate 11 in spatia
The infrared temperature temperature measurer 17 of detector gap cavity temperature and in spatia be used for heat heating element heater 10, it is red
Outside line temperature temperature measurer 17 is connected with controller, and controller is connected with the wire of heating element heater 10, and wherein heating element heater 10 is installation
In the PTC carbon crystalline substance heating plate close with transmission belt area in each conveyer belt centre position, using close with transmission belt area
PTC carbon crystalline substance heating plate, on the one hand can be the speed that heats up of fermentated leaves faster, be heated evenly, automatic constant-temperature, on the other hand can be with
The heat that the electric energy for enabling input is transformed into heat energy and the far infrared radiation more than 30% more than 69%, absorb is more sufficient.
Hierarchical visual color monitoring device includes being arranged on conveyer belt side supporting plate 11 in spatia to be used to detect black tea face
The visual color sensor 8 of color, the visual color sensor 8 is connected with controller wire.
Fragrance smell monitoring device includes being arranged on conveyer belt side supporting plate 11 in spatia to be used for tea aroma smell
The fragrance smell sensor 14 for being detected, the fragrance smell sensor 14 is connected with controller wire.In order to cost-effective, can
Only installed in latter two spatia.
Every layer of transmission belt of Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt 9 by being installed on the power transmission shaft at transmission belt two ends, and with wherein one
The worm screw turbine decelerator 19 of end power transmission shaft connection drives, the shaft coupling of the end power transmission shaft and worm screw turbine decelerator 19
Device is connected, and the control port of worm screw turbine decelerator 19 is connected with controller.Passed in the highest of Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt 9
Defeated band and minimum transmission belt tundish are containing odd number (the individual conveying transmission belt of 2n+1, n >=1).In order to prevent fermented tea being transmitted across
Dropped out in journey, the end between every two-layer transmission belt is provided with striker plate 20.
In addition, for the ease of movement, universal double-brake castor 5 can be installed at the bottom surface corner of this Zymolysis Equipment.Can by for
Oxygen device oxygen feeding pipe 16, oxygen supply branch pipe 161, and atomizing humidifier atomizing humidifying performance supply pipe 15, atomization plus
Wet supply branch pipe 151 is arranged on same integrated supply plate 7, to realize that each conveying transmission belt is obtained in that uniform amount of oxygen
With vapor atomization quantity, and realize oxygen supply and atomization supply area it is efficient, comprehensive utilization.
Controller in the present invention uses PLC control system, in addition, for the ease of operational control, can external and controller
The touch-screen of connection.
By touch-screen realize to 2n+1 (n >=1)) individual worm screw turbine decelerator 19, apparatus of oxygen supply, oxygen concentration pass
Sensor 18, atomizing humidifier, humidity sensor 12, heating element heater 10, infrared temperature temperature measurer 17, visual color sensor
8 and two fragrance smell sensors 14 and two parameter settings of fan 13, adjustment and show；By PLC control system reality
Now to 2n+1 (n >=1)) individual worm screw turbine decelerator 19, frequency converter, oxygen feedway, oxygen concentration sensor 18, mist
Change humidification device, external humidity sensor 12, PTC carbon crystalline substance heating plate, infrared temperature temperature measurer 17, visual color sensor 8
And two fragrance smell sensors 14 and the automation of two grades of intelligent fan 13, serialization, intelligentized control method.
Operation principle：In the case of the relevant parameters such as oxygen concentration, humidity, temperature have been set in advance, leaf is from charging
Mouth 2 enters top conveyer belt, is continued to move along under the driving of conveyer belt two ends power transmission shaft, firm incipient stage tea leaf fermentation
The oxygen of high concentration (>=90%) is needed, the oxygen of high concentration is just provided in top setting oxygen feedway, it is so favourable
The oxidation of Polyphenols and its oxypolymer theaflavin (TF), the generation of thearubigin (TR), and theaflavin in fermented tea
With the increase of congo red cellulose content, the content and quality of black tea inclusion are improved；By each layer atomizing humidifier and humidity sensor
Device 12 controls the tea leaf fermentation humidity of each layer respectively, is controlled respectively by each layer heating element heater 10 and infrared temperature temperature measurer 17
The temperature of the tea leaf fermentation of each layer, by the face of fermentated leaves during each real-time monitoring fermentation of black tea of layer visual color sensor 8
Color by dark green, yellowish green, yellow, Huang Hong, red, the purplish red process to the dynamic change such as dark red, if fermentated leaves reaches the yellow red of setting
Color (corresponding rgb value), i.e. fermentated leaves attenuation degree is moderate, completes fermentation, and this layer of fermentated leaves is in transmission transport control system
The tea outlet position of Zymolysis Equipment is transported under control rapidly, the fermentated leaves fermentation ends.By lowermost layer conveyer belt and inverse
Second layer conveyer belt installs fragrance smell sensor 14, the change of real-time monitoring fermentation process fermentated leaves fragrance by delicate fragrance, the fragrance of a flower,
The process of the dynamic changes such as fruity, if fermentated leaves fragrance reaches the fragrance of a flower or fruity, the fermentated leaves attenuation degree is moderate, layer hair
Ferment leaf rapid position of discharging opening 6 for being transported to Zymolysis Equipment under the control of transmission transport control system, fermentated leaves fermentation knot
Beam.So, by 40min~60min fermented teas, high theaflavin (TF) and thearubigin (TR) content are obtained and both ratios is fitted
In high-quality black tea, and each layer fermentation leaf temp of whole tea leaf fermentation process, yeasting humidity, yeasting oxygen
Concentration, fermentated leaves color change, fermentated leaves fragrance smell, transmission belt transmission speed difference real-time monitoring and control, during the invention
Between short, serialization and high degree of automation, really realize fermentation of black tea intelligent machining.
Specifically, the method for processing black tea of the present invention is comprised the following steps：
Step 1：The running parameter of top layer spatia is set, the oxygen concentration parameter in top layer spatia is set to >=
90%, starting this layer of apparatus of oxygen supply less than the value carries out oxygen supply；It is 93%~95% by atomizing humidifying performance parameter setting, less than the ginseng
Number lower limit starts this layer of atomizing humidifier, and this layer of atomizing humidifier is stopped higher than the parameter upper limit value；By fermentated leaves
Temperature is set in 32 DEG C~33 DEG C, and starting this layer of heating element heater 10 less than the parameter lower limit value is heated, higher than in the parameter
Limit value stops this layer of heating element heater 10；Start this layer of visual color monitoring device and fragrance smell monitoring device；This layer biography is set
Defeated tape speed is 0.004m/s~0.006m/s；
Step 2：The running parameter of remaining spatia in addition to top layer and bottom is set, oxygen concentration parameter is set to
>=85%, starting this layer of apparatus of oxygen supply less than the value carries out oxygen supply；It is 91%~93% by atomizing humidifying performance parameter setting, less than this
Parameter lower limit value starts this layer of atomizing humidifier, and this layer of atomizing humidifier is stopped higher than the parameter upper limit value；By fermentated leaves
Temperature be set in 30 DEG C~32 DEG C, starting this layer of heating element heater 10 less than the parameter lower limit value is heated, higher than the parameter
Higher limit stops this layer of heating element heater 10；Start this layer of visual color monitoring device and fragrance smell monitoring device；The layer is set
Transmission tape speed is 0.004m/s~0.006m/s；
Step 3：The running parameter of bottom spatia is set, oxygen concentration parameter is set to >=80%, opened less than the value
Moving this layer of apparatus of oxygen supply carries out oxygen supply；It is 91%~93% by atomizing humidifying performance parameter setting, starting less than the parameter lower limit value should
Layer atomizing humidifier, this layer of atomizing humidifier is stopped higher than the parameter upper limit value；The temperature of fermentated leaves is set in 32 DEG C
~33 DEG C, start this layer of heater less than the parameter lower limit value and heated, stopping this layer higher than the parameter upper limit value heats
Device；Start this layer of visual color monitoring device, this layer of visual color parameter is set for yellowish red color；Start this layer of fragrance smell prison
Device is surveyed, this layer of fragrance smell parameter is set for the fragrance of a flower or fruity；It is 0.004m/s~0.006m/ to set this layer transmission tape speed
S or 0.008m/s or 0.010m/s；
Step 4：Start Zymolysis Equipment to be operated；
Step 5：Tealeaves to be fermented is spread in transmission belt with the in uniform thickness of 3cm~4cm；
Step 6：Through after a while, when bottom visual color monitoring device detects this layer of fermentated leaves color for Huang is red
Color, and when fragrance smell monitoring device detects this layer of fermentated leaves smell for the fragrance of a flower or fruity；The transmission belt of this layer with
0.008m/s or 0.010m/s speed quickly drives fermentated leaves to leave fermentation casing 1 and exported by discharging opening 6, completes this section hair
Ferment leaf fermentation procedure, whole fermentation process continues about 40min~55min.
So, the black tea of high theaflavin (TF) and thearubigin (TR) content and both moderate high-quality of ratio is obtained, and
And whole each layer fermentation leaf temp of tea leaf fermentation process, yeasting humidity, yeasting oxygen concentration, fermentated leaves color become
Change, fermentated leaves fragrance smell, transmission belt transmission speed difference real-time monitoring and control, the invention time is short, serialization and automatic
Change degree is high, really realizes fermentation of black tea intelligent machining.
Specific embodiment of the invention is above are only, but design concept of the invention is not limited thereto, it is all to utilize this
Design carries out the change of unsubstantiality to the present invention, all should belong to the behavior for invading the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea, the Zymolysis Equipment includes fermentation casing (1), sets
The Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt (9) in casing (1) inner chamber of fermenting, and the controller for controlling Zymolysis Equipment to work are put,
Charging aperture (2) is provided with fermentation casing (1) top, the side of the wherein top layer transmission belt of Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt (9) is located at
The lower section of the charging aperture (2), discharging opening (6) is provided with fermentation casing (1) bottom, wherein Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt (9)
The end of bottom transmission belt is adapted with the discharging opening (6), has gap in the interlayer of the Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt (9)
Chamber, be provided with the spatia layering oxygen and oxygen concentration supervising device, layering atomizing humidifying performance and humidity control device,
Leveled heating and infrared temperature supervising device, hierarchical visual color monitoring device, fragrance smell monitoring device, wherein layering is supplied
Oxygen and oxygen concentration supervising device, layering atomizing humidifying performance and humidity control device, leveled heating and infrared temperature monitoring dress
Put, hierarchical visual color monitoring device, fragrance smell monitoring device are respectively connected with controller wire, passed in Multi-layer rotary type
The top layer transmission belt of defeated band (9) is with bottom transmission belt tundish containing m conveying transmission belt, wherein m=2n+1, n >=1, its feature
It is：The method of the processing black tea is comprised the following steps：
Step 1：The running parameter of top layer spatia is set, the oxygen concentration parameter in top layer spatia is set to >=90%,
Starting this layer of apparatus of oxygen supply less than the value carries out oxygen supply；It is 93%~95% by atomizing humidifying performance parameter setting, less than under the parameter
Limit value starts this layer of atomizing humidifier, and this layer of atomizing humidifier is stopped higher than the parameter upper limit value；By the temperature of fermentated leaves
32 DEG C~33 DEG C are set in, starting this layer of heater less than the parameter lower limit value is heated, and is stopped higher than the parameter upper limit value
Only this layer of heater；Start this layer of visual color monitoring device and fragrance smell monitoring device；This layer transmission tape speed is set
It is 0.004m/s~0.006m/s；
Step 2：The running parameter of remaining spatia in addition to top layer and bottom is set, oxygen concentration parameter is set to >=
85%, starting this layer of apparatus of oxygen supply less than the value carries out oxygen supply；It is 91%~93% by atomizing humidifying performance parameter setting, less than the ginseng
Number lower limit starts this layer of atomizing humidifier, and this layer of atomizing humidifier is stopped higher than the parameter upper limit value；By fermentated leaves
Temperature is set in 30 DEG C~32 DEG C, and starting this layer of heater less than the parameter lower limit value is heated, higher than the parameter upper limit
Value stops this layer of heater；Start this layer of visual color monitoring device and fragrance smell monitoring device；This layer of transmission belt is set
Speed is 0.004m/s~0.006m/s；
Step 3：The running parameter of bottom spatia is set, oxygen concentration parameter is set to >=80%, starting less than the value should
Layer apparatus of oxygen supply carries out oxygen supply；It is 91%~93% by atomizing humidifying performance parameter setting, this layer of mist is started less than the parameter lower limit value
Change humidification device, this layer of atomizing humidifier is stopped higher than the parameter upper limit value；The temperature of fermentated leaves is set in 32 DEG C~33
DEG C, start this layer of heater less than the parameter lower limit value and heated, stop this layer of heater higher than the parameter upper limit value；
Start this layer of visual color monitoring device, this layer of visual color parameter is set for yellowish red color；Start this layer of fragrance smell monitoring dress
Put, this layer of fragrance smell parameter is set for the fragrance of a flower or fruity；Set this layer transmission tape speed be 0.004m/s~0.006m/s or
0.008m/s or 0.010m/s；
Step 4：Start Zymolysis Equipment to be operated；
Step 5：Tealeaves to be fermented is spread in transmission belt with the in uniform thickness of 3cm~4cm；
Step 6：Through after a while, when bottom visual color monitoring device detects this layer of fermentated leaves color for yellowish red color, with
And when fragrance smell monitoring device detects this layer of fermentated leaves smell for the fragrance of a flower or fruity；The transmission belt of this layer is with 0.008m/s
Or 0.010m/s speed quickly drives fermentated leaves to leave fermentation casing (1) and exported by discharging opening (6), completes this section of fermentated leaves
Fermentation procedure.
2. the method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Layering oxygen and oxygen concentration supervising device are included installed in spatia side wall for oxygen concentration in detector gap chamber
Oxygen concentration sensor (18) and be arranged at fermentation casing (1) outward in spatia provide oxygen apparatus of oxygen supply, oxygen
Gas concentration sensor (18) is connected with controller, and controller is connected with apparatus of oxygen supply wire.
3. the method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Layering atomizing humidifying performance and humidity control device include being passed installed in the humidity for humidity in detector gap chamber of spatia side wall
Sensor (12) and be arranged at fermentation casing (1) outward in spatia provide atomization moisture atomizing humidifier, it is wet
Degree sensor (12) is connected with controller, and controller is connected with atomizing humidifier wire.
4. the method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Leveled heating and infrared temperature supervising device are included installed in spatia side wall for the infrared of detector gap cavity temperature
Line temperature temperature measurer (17) and in spatia be used for heat heating element heater (10), infrared temperature temperature measurer
(17) it is connected with controller, controller is connected with heating element heater (10) wire.
5. the method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Hierarchical visual color monitoring device includes being used for the visual color sensor (8) for detecting black tea color in spatia, should
Visual color sensor (8) is connected with controller wire.
6. the method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Fragrance smell monitoring device includes the fragrance smell sensor for being detected to tea aroma smell in spatia
(14), the fragrance smell sensor (14) is connected with controller wire.
7. the method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
Fan (13) for realizing air circulation convection current is installed at the pair of horns for stating fermentation casing (1).
8. the method using intelligent black tea fermentation equipment processing black tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Every layer of transmission belt of Multi-layer rotary type transmission belt (9) is by being installed on the power transmission shaft at transmission belt two ends, and is driven with wherein one end
The worm screw worm gear speed-reducing motor of axle connection drives, and worm screw turbine decelerator (19) is connected with controller.
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| CN110720610A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-01-24 | 丰蓉国际有限公司 | Method and equipment for preparing black lemon |
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| CN114568553A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-06-03 | 黄山毛峰茶业集团有限公司 | Black tea fermentation method |
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| TWI717256B (en) * | 2020-04-11 | 2021-01-21 | 財團法人農業科技研究院 | System and method for monitoring key odor of partially fermented tea |
| CN114568553A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-06-03 | 黄山毛峰茶业集团有限公司 | Black tea fermentation method |
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