CN106849599B - Electromagnetic friction piezoelectric combined type energy collector - Google Patents
Electromagnetic friction piezoelectric combined type energy collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN106849599B CN106849599B CN201710270093.3A CN201710270093A CN106849599B CN 106849599 B CN106849599 B CN 106849599B CN 201710270093 A CN201710270093 A CN 201710270093A CN 106849599 B CN106849599 B CN 106849599B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 Polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/04—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving coil systems and stationary magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electromagnetic friction piezoelectric combined type energy collector, and belongs to the technical field of micro-electro-mechanical systems and micro-energy sources. The permanent magnet is placed to the inside both sides of collector casing, the pivot is passed through the bearing and is connected with the casing, the cantilever beam of interior concavity design links firmly in the pivot, the cantilever beam both ends are fixed connection hemisphere quality piece respectively, the piezoceramics that covers the buffer layer is installed inside the casing, the winding has the coil on the cantilever beam, the coil is outer to have the second frictional layer, relevant position department is first frictional layer in proper order between second frictional layer and the casing, flexible piezoelectric material and insulating filling layer, the energy of gathering is through first electrode layer and the output of second electrode layer external connection circuit, flexible piezoelectric material and first frictional layer are connected to the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer is located pivot upper portion, connect coil and second frictional layer through the wire. The device has the advantages that the vibration energy is converted into electric energy, the output energy is superposed and amplified, and the energy conversion efficiency of the device is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) and micro energy sources, in particular to an electromagnetic-friction-piezoelectric composite energy collector.
Background
With the increasing trend of energy cleaning and high efficiency, the related research work of a novel energy collecting device has made great progress in recent years. The vibration energy harvester is a research focus of a novel energy harvesting device, and the working modes mainly comprise an electromagnetic type mode, an electrostatic type mode and a piezoelectric type mode. In terms of electromagnetic system, the ear of earthA research group Kulah and the like of the middle east technical university provide a cantilever beam array method with different natural frequencies to increase the resonance bandwidth, so that the energy of a vibration signal with a wider frequency band can be collected; in the electrostatic aspect, wangzhining academy realizes a TENGs nano friction generator based on the coupling principle of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction; in the aspect of piezoelectric type, the efficacy magnitude of a piezoelectric generator developed by academies and universities such as American Massachusetts and the like can reach hundreds to thousands of mu w/cm 3 。
The combined type collecting device which skillfully combines a single working mode has high efficiency and wide application range, and is suitable for replacing the traditional single energy collecting device. In this respect, the micro composite vibration energy collector manufactured by researchers such as Bin Yang of the national university of Singapore realizes that energy is simultaneously acquired through a piezoelectric and electromagnetic conversion mechanism, and the problems of low energy acquisition efficiency, complex structure and the like still exist. The nanometer generator based on piezoelectric friction electromagnetism proposed by Zhang Xiao Sheng et al of Beijing university collects renewable energy in nature, however, the problems of low piezoelectric energy collection efficiency, large energy loss and the like still exist. In summary, the problems of low collection efficiency, complex structure and the like severely limit the practicability of the composite energy collector, so how to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the energy collector through multi-mechanism composite and special structure design, and developing practical energy collector products is a hot point problem which is concerned in the energy collection field in the near future. In addition, an autonomous vibration energy harvester for collecting mechanical energy of human motion by combining three mechanisms of electromagnetism, piezoelectricity and friction has not been reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electromagnetic friction and piezoelectric combined type energy collector, which aims to solve the problem of low collection efficiency of the traditional single-form and combined-form energy collectors.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: the collector comprises a collector shell, wherein door-shaped permanent magnets with oppositely placed magnetic poles are symmetrically arranged on two sides in the shell of the collector, a rotating shaft is connected with the shell through a bearing, an inwards-concave cantilever beam is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, two ends of the cantilever beam are respectively and fixedly connected with hemispherical mass blocks, piezoelectric ceramics coated with buffer layers correspond to the mass blocks one by one and are arranged in the shell, a coil is wound on the cantilever beam, a second friction layer is attached to the outside of the coil, a first friction layer, a flexible piezoelectric material and an insulating filling layer are sequentially arranged at a corresponding position between the second friction layer and the shell, the collected energy is output through external circuits of a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, the first electrode layer is connected with the flexible piezoelectric material and the first friction layer, and the second electrode layer is positioned on the upper part of the rotating shaft and is connected with the coil and the second friction layer through a lead;
the middle part of the cantilever beam is inwards concave;
the contact surface of the first friction layer is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the contact surface of the second friction layer is provided with a corresponding arc-shaped bulge;
the contact surfaces of the first friction layer and the second friction layer are both planes;
the friction surface of the first friction layer is provided with microscopic bulges;
the lower friction surface of the second friction layer is provided with microscopic bulges;
the first friction layer adopts polydimethylsiloxane PDMS;
the second friction layer adopts polyamide PA;
the flexible piezoelectric material adopts polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF);
the flexible piezoelectric material is connected with the first friction layer by adopting insulating glue.
The invention has the advantages that: the vibration energy collector is novel in structure, adopts the combined action of three mechanisms of electromagnetism, piezoelectricity and friction to collect vibration energy, adopts a simple and efficient symmetrical structural design as a whole, and provides a novel human motion mechanical energy collection mode; the cantilever beam is designed in a symmetrical concave structure, mass blocks are arranged on two sides of the cantilever beam, a couple is increased, the vibration frequency of the cantilever beam is increased, the output quantity of electric energy is effectively increased, and the energy collection efficiency is improved; the rotating shaft is connected with the shell through the bearing, so that friction energy loss is reduced, and compared with a cantilever beam structure constrained by a fixed end, the rotating shaft is connected and releases a degree of freedom, so that energy loss of internal stress is reduced; the piezoelectric energy acquisition unit is formed by adopting the piezoelectric ceramics and the flexible piezoelectric material together, the advantages of high energy acquisition efficiency of the piezoelectric ceramics, easy deformation of the flexible piezoelectric material and convenient design are integrated, the buffer layer is covered on the piezoelectric ceramics, and the energy acquisition efficiency and the service life of the piezoelectric energy acquisition unit are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall view of the appearance of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first friction structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an overall view of the outer appearance of the friction structure scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the friction structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cantilever beam and coil winding of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The collector comprises a collector shell 1, wherein door-shaped permanent magnets 2 with oppositely placed magnetic poles are symmetrically arranged on two sides in the shell 1, a rotating shaft 3 is connected with the shell 1 through a bearing 4, an inwards concave cantilever beam 5 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 3, two ends of the cantilever beam 5 are respectively and fixedly connected with hemispherical mass blocks 6, piezoelectric ceramics 8 covered with a buffer layer 7 correspond to the mass blocks 6 one by one and are installed in the shell 1, a coil 9 is wound on the cantilever beam 5, a second friction layer 11 is attached to the outside of the coil 9, a first friction layer 10 is sequentially arranged at a corresponding position between the second friction layer 11 and the shell 1, a flexible piezoelectric material 12 and an insulating filling layer 13 are arranged, collected energy is output through an external circuit of a first electrode layer 14 and a second electrode layer 15, the first electrode layer 14 is connected with the flexible piezoelectric material 12 and the first friction layer 10, the second electrode layer 15 is positioned on the upper portion of the rotating shaft 3, and the coil 9 and the second friction layer 11 are connected through wires.
When the human body moves to provide vibration excitation, the cantilever beam 5 wound with the coil 9 rotates around the rotating shaft 3 in a reciprocating way and cuts magnetic lines of force, electric energy output is generated according to the electromagnetic induction principle, and when the cantilever beam 5 rotates to a critical position, the first friction layer 10 and the second friction layer 11 are contacted and generate relative motion to generate friction electric energy output; meanwhile, the piezoelectric ceramics 8 positioned on the upper side and the lower side in the shell 1 are impacted by the mass block 6, the flexible piezoelectric material 12 covered under the insulating filling layer 13 generates extrusion deformation, and the piezoelectric ceramics and the flexible piezoelectric material jointly generate piezoelectric power output;
the middle part of the cantilever beam 5 is inwards concave;
the first friction layer 10 is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the second friction layer 11 is provided with a corresponding arc-shaped bulge;
the contact surface of the first friction layer 10 and the second friction layer 11 is a plane;
the friction surface of the first friction layer 10 is provided with microscopic bulges;
the lower friction surface of the second friction layer 11 is provided with microscopic bulges;
the permanent magnet 2 is made of a magnetic material which generates a strong magnetic field, such as a ferrite magnetic material, a rubidium iron boron magnetic material, a shirt diamond magnetic material, an aluminum nickel diamond magnetic material and the like;
the coil 9 is formed by orderly winding a metal wire (such as silver, copper, aluminum and alloy thereof) with excellent conductivity, the surface of which is covered with an insulating layer;
the piezoelectric ceramic 8 is made of a traditional PZT material, the flexible piezoelectric material 12 is made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), the buffer layer 7 contains conductive silica gel, and the materials of the flexible piezoelectric material 12 and the insulating filling layer 13 are selected so as not to generate overhigh internal stress in the process of generating energy by piezoelectric energy unit deformation;
the first friction layer 10 is made of polydimethylsiloxane PDMS, and the second friction layer 11 is made of polyamide PA;
the flexible piezoelectric material 12 and the first friction layer 10 are connected by using an insulating adhesive, so that the energy loss of multi-mechanism coupling is reduced.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the cantilever beam rotates to a critical position, the contact area between the first friction layer and the second friction layer can reach the maximum, the first friction layer 10 is designed with an arc-shaped groove, the second friction layer 11 is provided with a corresponding arc-shaped protrusion, the upper friction surface and the lower friction surface are both processed by microscopic protrusions, the effective friction area of the material is increased by the processing mode, and the energy collection efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in order to simplify the structure and reduce the production difficulty and cost, the design of the concave-convex friction structure of the first friction layer and the second friction layer can be simplified into a plane.
As shown in figure 6, the coil 9 is symmetrically and closely wound on the concave cantilever 5, and the two ends of the cantilever are provided with the hemispherical mass blocks 6.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an electromagnetism friction piezoelectricity combined type energy collector which characterized in that: the collector shell is internally and bilaterally symmetrically provided with gate-shaped permanent magnets with oppositely placed magnetic poles, a rotating shaft is connected with the shell through a bearing, a cantilever beam with an inward concave design is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, two ends of the cantilever beam are respectively and fixedly connected with hemispherical mass blocks, piezoelectric ceramics covered with buffer layers are in one-to-one correspondence with the mass blocks and are installed inside the shell, the cantilever beam is wound with a coil, a second friction layer is attached to the coil, a first friction layer is sequentially arranged at a corresponding position between the second friction layer and the shell, a flexible piezoelectric material and an insulating filling layer are arranged, the collected energy is output through an external circuit of a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, the first electrode layer is connected with the flexible piezoelectric material and the first friction layer, the second electrode layer is positioned on the upper part of the rotating shaft, and the coil and the second friction layer are connected through wires.
2. The electromagnetic friction piezoelectric composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the cantilever beam is inwards concave.
3. The electromagnetic friction piezoelectric composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the contact surface of the first friction layer is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the contact surface of the second friction layer is provided with a corresponding arc-shaped bulge.
4. The electromagnetic friction piezoelectric composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the contact surfaces of the first friction layer and the second friction layer are both planes.
5. The electromagnetic friction piezoelectric composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the friction surface of the first friction layer is provided with microscopic bulges.
6. The electromagnetic friction piezoelectric composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the lower friction surface of the second friction layer is provided with microscopic bulges.
7. The electromagnetic friction piezoelectric composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the first friction layer is made of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
8. The electromagnetic friction piezoelectric composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the second friction layer is made of polyamide PA.
9. The electromagnetic friction piezoelectric composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the flexible piezoelectric material is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
10. The electromagnetic friction piezoelectric composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the flexible piezoelectric material is connected with the first friction layer through insulating glue.
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| CN206673809U (en) * | 2017-04-23 | 2017-11-24 | 吉林大学 | A kind of electromagnet-friction Piezoelectric anisotropy formula energy collecting device |
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