CN106838887A - A kind of efficient biomass combustion machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency biomass burner, which includes a machine base, and also includes a feed system and a combustion system arranged on the machine base. The combustion system includes a furnace outer sleeve, a combustion furnace, an inner nozzle, and a flame outlet outer cylinder. , cover plate, grate, air intake and slagging chamber and air intake square hole, the feeding system includes feeding barrel, feeding auger, feeding pipeline, feeding hopper and anti-temper device, the invention can suspend material particles Combustion in the furnace, so that the material particles can be fully burned; the residue can be quickly cleaned when the burner is working; keep abreast of the fire situation inside the combustion furnace; keep abreast of the feeding situation; The material particles in Longli are cleaned.

Description

A high-efficiency biomass burner

technical field

The invention relates to the field of burners, in particular to a high-efficiency biomass burner using material particles as fuel.

Background technique

my country is a large agricultural country with a wide variety of biomass. Random burning of straw can often be seen in rural fields, which not only increases the pollution to the environment, but also wastes high-quality biomass energy on the other hand. There are also some abandoned straws, which are easy to cause the spread of diseases and insect pests due to the long decay time. In order to effectively solve this problem, it is necessary to crush these straws, and then collect the crushed particles and use them as fuel for the biomass burner. The heat generated by the burner can provide heat for electroplating plant ovens, boilers, small power plant boilers, industrial boilers, incinerators, drying equipment, melting furnaces, die-casting machines, kitchen equipment, industrial annealing furnace equipment, etc. In this way, the biomass straw can realize the secondary value. At present, most of the burners sold on the market have unreasonable design of the feeding system, which can easily lead to dangers such as ceasefire or tempering during work. The residue cannot be cleaned at any time during the work process, resulting in insufficient combustion. There is also the design of components. The irrationality leads to problems such as high maintenance costs. In order to effectively solve the above problems, a high-efficiency biomass burner is designed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a high-efficiency biomass burner.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

A high-efficiency biomass burner includes a machine base, and also includes a feed system and a combustion system arranged on the machine base.

The combustion system includes the outer casing of the furnace installed on the machine base and the combustion furnace arranged inside the outer casing of the furnace. One end of the outer cylinder is fixed to the outer sleeve of the furnace, the other end of the outer cylinder of the crater is provided with a cover plate with holes, the bottom of the combustion furnace is provided with a grate, and the inner sleeve of the outer sleeve of the furnace is located below the combustion furnace and is provided with an inlet connected to the combustion furnace. The air slag discharge chamber and the combustion furnace are uniformly provided with air intake square holes.

The feeding system includes a feeding cylinder fixed on the machine base. A feeding auger is arranged inside the feeding cylinder. The discharge end of the feeding cylinder communicates with the combustion furnace through a feeding pipe. The hopper is provided with an anti-temper device on the feed pipe.

A high-efficiency biomass burner also includes an air chamber arranged on the machine base, the air chamber communicates with the fan, and the air chamber is connected to one end of the primary air inlet pipe, one end of the secondary air inlet pipe, one end of the tertiary air inlet pipe, One end of the fourth air inlet pipe and one end of the fifth air inlet pipe are connected, the other end of the primary air inlet pipe is connected with the gap between the combustion furnace and the furnace outer sleeve, and the other end of the secondary air inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet and slag discharge chamber. The other end of the tertiary air inlet pipe and the other end of the fourth air inlet pipe are distributed on both sides of the outer cylinder of the crater and communicate with the gap between the outer cylinder of the crater and the inner nozzle. It communicates with the feed pipe between the discharge ends of the feed cylinder, and ball valves are arranged on the primary air inlet pipe, the secondary air inlet pipe, the tertiary air inlet pipe, the fourth air inlet pipe and the fifth air inlet pipe.

As mentioned above, the part of the furnace outer sleeve located in the combustion furnace is provided with an upper furnace door, and the part of the furnace outer sleeve located in the air inlet and slagging chamber is provided with a lower furnace door.

As mentioned above, the top of the combustion furnace is provided with a flip-type movable upper cover.

As mentioned above, the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the furnace, the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the crater, the bottom surface of the flip-type movable upper cover plate, and the inner wall of the upper furnace door are all provided with thermal insulation materials.

The above-mentioned feeding auger is axially connected with the toothed chain transmission device, the toothed chain transmission device meshes with the gears, the gears are sleeved in the middle of the handle, and one end of the handle is sleeved with a crank handle bracket.

The above-mentioned grate is provided with a slag remover, the top end of the vertically arranged first rotating shaft passes through the grate and is connected to the slag remover, the bottom of the first rotating shaft is fixed with the inner ring of the first connecting bearing, the first The bottom end of the rotating shaft is covered with a first bevel gear, the outer ring of the first connecting bearing is connected with the first support frame fixed on the inner wall of the air inlet and slag discharge chamber, and one end of the horizontally arranged second rotating shaft is covered with the first The second bevel gear meshed with the bevel gear, the other end of the second rotating shaft extends to the outside of the air inlet and slag discharge chamber and is connected with the hand crank, the second rotating shaft is fixed with the inner ring of the second connecting bearing, and the second connecting bearing The outer ring is connected with the second support frame fixed on the inner wall of the air inlet and slag discharge chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The air supply system and the combustion furnace designed by the present invention can make the material particles be suspended in the furnace for combustion, so that the full combustion of the material particles can be realized.

2. The slag remover designed in the present invention can quickly clean the residue when the burner is working.

3. The present invention can keep abreast of the fire situation inside the combustion furnace.

4. The present invention can know the feeding situation at any time.

5. The present invention can realize the cleaning of material particles in the feed auger after power failure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a left view of the hand crank device;

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the combustion chamber.

In the figure: 1-cover plate; 2-inner nozzle; 3-outer cylinder of crater; 4-outer sleeve of furnace; 5-combustion furnace; Air square hole; 9-Anti-temper device; 10-Turnable movable feeding observation port; 11-Feeding hopper; 12-Feeding plate; 13-Feeding auger; Five air inlet pipes; 16-machine base; 17-the first ball valve; 18-the second ball valve; 19-fan; 20-casters; 21-air chamber; 22-the third ball valve; 23-the fourth ball valve; Primary air intake pipe; 25-secondary air intake pipe; 26-first bevel gear; 27-second bevel gear; 28-slag remover; Furnace door; 32-lower furnace door; 33-motor; 34-hand crank bracket; 35-gear; 36-handle; Air intake and slag discharge chamber; 41-the first rotating shaft; 42-the first support frame; 43-the second support frame; 44-hand handle; 45-the second rotating shaft; 46-the first connecting bearing; 47-the first Two connecting bearings.

detailed description

A high-efficiency biomass burner includes a base, a feed system, a combustion system, a slag removal system and an auxiliary system.

As shown in FIGS. 1-4 , a high-efficiency biomass burner includes a machine base 16 , and also includes a feed system and a combustion system arranged on the machine base 16 .

The combustion system includes the furnace outer sleeve 4 arranged on the machine base 16 and the combustion furnace 5 arranged inside the furnace outer sleeve 4. The combustion furnace 5 communicates with the inner nozzle 2, and the inner nozzle 2 is supported on the burner by the inner nozzle support frame. The inner wall of the outer cylinder 3, one end of the outer cylinder 3 of the burner port is fixed to the outer sleeve 4 of the furnace, the other end of the outer tube 3 of the burner port is provided with a cover plate 1 with holes, the bottom of the combustion furnace 5 is provided with a grate 29, and the outer sleeve of the furnace chamber The cylinder 4 is located below the combustion furnace 5 and is provided with an air intake and slagging chamber 40 communicating with the combustion furnace 5 , and the combustion furnace 5 is uniformly provided with air intake square holes 8 .

The feed system includes a feed tube 38 fixed on the machine base 16, a feed auger 13 is arranged in the feed tube 38, and the discharge end of the feed tube 38 is communicated with the combustion furnace 5 through a feed pipe 39, and the feed tube The feed end of 38 is provided with feed hopper 11, and feed pipe 39 is provided with anti-flashback device 9.

A high-efficiency biomass burner also includes an air chamber 21 arranged on the base 16, the air chamber 21 communicates with the fan 19, and the air chamber 21 is also connected to one end of the primary air inlet pipe 24 and one end of the secondary air inlet pipe 25 One end of the three-time air inlet pipe 30, one end of the four-time air inlet pipe 37 and one end of the five-time air inlet pipe 15 are connected, and the other end of the primary air inlet pipe 24 is connected with the gap between the combustion furnace 5 and the outer sleeve 4 of the furnace hearth. The other end of the air inlet pipe 25 communicates with the air inlet slag discharge chamber 40, the other end of the third air inlet pipe 30 and the other end of the fourth air inlet pipe 37 are distributed on both sides of the outer cylinder 3 of the crater and are all connected to the outer cylinder 3 and the inner cylinder of the crater. The gap between the spouts 2 is communicated, the five other ends of the air inlet pipe 15 are communicated with the feed pipeline 39 between the discharge end of the anti-temper device 9 and the feed cylinder 38, the primary air inlet pipe 24, the secondary air inlet Ball valves are all arranged on the pipe 25, the air inlet pipe 30 for the third time, the air inlet pipe 37 for the fourth time and the air inlet pipe 15 for the fifth time.

An upper furnace door 31 is provided on the part of the furnace outer sleeve 4 located in the combustion furnace 5 , and a lower furnace door 32 is provided on the part of the furnace outer sleeve 4 located in the air inlet and slag discharge chamber 40 .

The top of the combustion furnace 5 is provided with a flip-type movable upper cover 1 .

The inner wall of the furnace outer sleeve 4, the inner wall of the burner outer cylinder 3, the bottom surface of the flip-type movable upper cover plate 1, and the inner wall of the upper furnace door 31 are all provided with thermal insulation materials.

The feeding auger 13 is axially connected with the tooth chain transmission device 14, and the tooth chain transmission device 14 meshes with the gear 35. The gear 35 is sleeved in the middle of the handle 36, and one end of the handle 36 is sleeved with a crank handle bracket 34.

A slag remover 28 is arranged on the grate 29, and the top end of the vertically arranged first rotating shaft 41 passes through the grate 29 to connect with the slag remover 28, and the bottom of the first rotating shaft 41 is fixed to the inner ring of the first connecting bearing 46 , the bottom end of the first rotating shaft 41 is covered with the first bevel gear 35, the outer ring of the first connecting bearing 46 is connected with the first support frame 42 fixed on the inner wall of the air inlet and slag discharge chamber 40, and the second rotating shaft arranged horizontally One end of the shaft 45 is sleeved with a second bevel gear 35 meshing with the first bevel gear 35, and the other end of the second rotating shaft 45 extends to the outside of the air inlet and slag discharge chamber 40 and is connected to the hand handle 44. The second rotating shaft 45 is fixed to the inner ring of the second connection bearing 47, and the outer ring of the second connection bearing 47 is connected to the second support frame 43 fixed on the inner wall of the air intake and slag discharge chamber 40.

The machine base 16 is a steel structure, and casters 20 are installed at the bottom of the machine base 16. The main function of the machine base 16 is to provide support and positioning for the feeding system and the combustion system.

The feed system includes four parts: feed hopper 11, feed auger 13, motor 33 and flashback preventer 9. Pour the material particles into the feed hopper 11, and the feed insert 12 at the bottom of the feed hopper 11 controls the material particles to enter the feed auger 13, and the motor 33 drives the feed auger 13 to work. 13 is provided with a liftable movable feeding observation port 10, its main function is to observe the feeding situation and avoid material particles blocking the pipeline. 10 Open and use the dredge rod to dredge the pipe. The acrylic material can be used on the top of the flip-type movable feeding observation port 10 . The flashback preventer 9 is arranged on the pipeline between the combustion furnace 5 and the feed auger 13, and the main function of the flashback preventer 9 is to prevent the flame in the combustion furnace 5 from igniting the material particles in the feed device. In addition, the pipeline between the anti-temper device 9 and the feed auger 13 is provided with five air inlet pipes 15, which have two effects: 1. With the help of the air pressure generated by the five air inlet pipes 15, the material particles can Pass through the flashback preventer 9 more smoothly; 2. The air pressure generated in the fifth air inlet pipe 15 can weaken the pressure of the combustion furnace 5 on the flashback preventer 9, so that the flashback preventer 9 can work in an ideal state.

The combustion system comprises a combustion furnace 5, an inner spout 2, a grate 29 and some air inlet pipes. The base 16 is provided with a furnace outer sleeve 4, and the inner wall of the furnace outer sleeve 4 is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material. The inner spout 2 is supported on the inner wall of the burner outer cylinder 3 by the inner spout support frame, one end of the burner outer cylinder 3 is fixed with the furnace outer sleeve 4, and the other end cover of the burner outer cylinder 3 is provided with a cover plate 1 with holes, for It is convenient to replace the inner nozzle 2, and the inner nozzle 2 is preferably realized by a replaceable inner nozzle. The outer cylinder 3 of the burner is arranged outside the outer sleeve 4 of the furnace and plays a role of supporting and positioning the inner nozzle 2. The inner wall of the outer cylinder 3 of the burner is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material. In order to facilitate the replacement of the combustion furnace 5, the top of the combustion furnace 5 selects a liftable movable upper cover plate 7, and the lower surface of the liftable movable upper cover plate 7 is covered with a layer of thermal insulation material. Some air intake square holes 8 are arranged on the side wall of the combustion furnace 5, the grate 29 is arranged on the inner wall of the combustion furnace 5, and an upper furnace door 31 is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace outer sleeve 4 corresponding to the combustion furnace 5, and the inner wall of the upper furnace door 31 covers a layer of insulation material.

Add the ignition material from the upper furnace door 31, the biomass material particles enter the combustion furnace 5 through the feed system, and increase the air volume of the secondary air intake pipe 25 by adjusting the fourth ball valve 23 on the secondary air intake pipe 25, thereby The biomass material particles are suspended in the combustion furnace 5 . Then by adjusting the second ball valve 18 on the primary air intake pipe 24, increase the air volume of the primary air intake pipe 24 in an appropriate amount, and this part of the air flow enters the combustion furnace 5 through some evenly arranged air intake square holes 8, so that the material particles are burned Suspension and rotation combustion in the furnace 5. On the side wall of the combustion furnace 5, there is a fire viewing port 6, whose main function is to observe the fire situation of the burner when it is working, so as to achieve the best effect of the fire by adjusting each ball valve. The three air inlet pipes 30 and the four air inlet pipes 37 are distributed on both sides of the burner outer cylinder 3 and communicate with the gap between the burner outer cylinder 3 and the inner spout 2, and the primary air inlet pipe 24 is connected to the combustion furnace 5 and the furnace. The gap between the outer sleeves 4 is connected, and its effect is that there are some combustible gases in the gap between the combustion furnace 5 and the outer sleeve 4 of the furnace, and the gap between the inner nozzle 2 and the outer cylinder 3 of the burner port. The second ball valve 18 on the primary air inlet pipe 24 appropriately increases the air volume of the primary air inlet pipe 24 to impel these combustible gases to move toward the burner port, and simultaneously increases the air volume at the burner port through the third air inlet pipe 30 and the fourth air inlet pipe 37. Oxygen content to promote the full combustion of these flammable gases.

The slag removal system includes a slag remover 28, a first bevel gear 26, a second bevel gear 27, a first rotating shaft 41, a first supporting frame 42, a second supporting frame 43, a hand crank 44, and a second rotating shaft 45. The first connecting bearing 46 and the second connecting bearing 47. A slag remover 28 is arranged on the grate 29, and the top end of the vertically arranged first rotating shaft 41 passes through the grate 29 to connect with the slag remover 28, and the bottom of the first rotating shaft 41 is fixed to the inner ring of the first connecting bearing 46 , the bottom end of the first rotating shaft 41 is covered with the first bevel gear 35, the outer ring of the first connecting bearing 46 is connected with the first support frame 42 fixed on the inner wall of the air inlet and slag discharge chamber 40, and the second rotating shaft arranged horizontally One end of the shaft 45 is sleeved with a second bevel gear 35 meshing with the first bevel gear 35, and the other end of the second rotating shaft 45 extends to the outside of the air inlet and slag discharge chamber 40 and is connected to the hand handle 44. The second rotating shaft 45 is fixed to the inner ring of the second connection bearing 47, and the outer ring of the second connection bearing 47 is connected to the second support frame 43 fixed on the inner wall of the air intake and slag discharge chamber 40.

The first supporting frame 42 acts as a positioning support for the first rotating shaft 41 to ensure that the slag remover 28 is located in the center of the grate 29 and there is a certain gap between the slag remover 28 and the grate 29 . The second supporting frame 43 plays a role of positioning and supporting the second rotating shaft 45 . The first bevel gear 26 is in meshing relationship with the second bevel gear 27 . The function of the slag removal system is to clean up the residue after combustion in time to prevent the residue from clogging the square hole on the grate 29, so that the air volume of the secondary air inlet pipe 25 can smoothly enter the combustion furnace 5, and the waste residue is discharged from the lower furnace door. 32 Clear. Another advantage of this slag removal system is that it can work at any time.

The auxiliary system includes a toothed chain drive 14 , a gear 35 , a handle 36 , and a crank bracket 34 . The feed auger 13 is axially connected to the toothed chain transmission device 14, and the toothed chain transmission device 14 includes a shaft-connected gear connected to the feed auger 13. The shaft-connected gear meshes with the gear 35, and the gear 35 is sleeved in the middle of the handle 36. One end of the handle 36 is covered with a handle bracket 34 . The burner will inevitably run into a power outage during the working process. If such a situation occurs, the material particles in the feeding auger 13 can be cleaned manually.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or adopt similar methods to replace them, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the definition of the appended claims range.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of efficient biomass combustion machine, including support（16）, it is characterised in that also including being arranged on support（16）On Feed system and combustion system,

Combustion system includes being arranged on support（16）On burner hearth outer sleeve（4）Be arranged on burner hearth outer sleeve（4）Interior burning Burner hearth（5）, burner hearth（5）With interior spout（2）Connection, interior spout（2）Bocca outer barrel is supported on by interior spout support frame （3）Inwall, bocca outer barrel（3）One end and burner hearth outer sleeve（4）It is fixed, bocca outer barrel（3）The other end is covered with holes Cover plate（1）, burner hearth（5）Bottom is provided with grate（29）, burner hearth outer sleeve（4）It is interior positioned at burner hearth（5）Lower section sets It is equipped with and burner hearth（5）The air intake deslagging chamber of connection（40）, burner hearth（5）On uniformly offer air inlet square hole（8）,

Feed system includes being fixed on support（16）Enterprising barrel（38）, feeding cylinder（38）Inside it is provided with feeding packing auger（13）, enter Barrel（38）Discharge end pass through feed pipe（39）With burner hearth（5）Connection, feeding cylinder（38）Feed end be provided with into Hopper（11）, feed pipe（39）On be provided with backfire controller（9）.

2. a kind of efficient biomass combustion machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including being arranged on support （16）On air compartment（21）, air compartment（21）With blower fan（19）Connection, air compartment（21）Also respectively with a blast pipe（24）One end, two Secondary blast pipe（25）One end, three blast pipes（30）One end, four blast pipes（37）One end and five blast pipes（15）One end Connection, a blast pipe（24）The other end and burner hearth（5）With burner hearth outer sleeve（4）Between space connection, secondary air Pipe（25）The other end and air intake deslagging chamber（40）Connection, three blast pipes（30）The other end and four blast pipes（37）The other end point Cloth is in bocca outer barrel（3）Both sides and with bocca outer barrel（3）With interior spout（2）Between space connection, five blast pipes （15）The other end be located at backfire controller（9）With feeding cylinder（38）Discharge end between feed pipe（39）Connection, once enters Airduct（24）, secondary wind inleting tube（25）, three blast pipes（30）, four blast pipes（37）And five blast pipes（15）On be all provided with It is equipped with ball valve.

3. a kind of efficient biomass combustion machine according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described burner hearth outer sleeve （4）It is upper to be located at burner hearth（5）Part offer upper furnace door（31）, burner hearth outer sleeve（4）It is upper to be located at air intake deslagging chamber（40） Part offer lower furnace door（32）.

4. a kind of efficient biomass combustion machine according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described burner hearth（5） Top is provided with liftable movable top lid plate（1）.

5. a kind of efficient biomass combustion machine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described burner hearth outer sleeve （4）Inwall, bocca outer barrel（3）Inwall, liftable movable top lid plate（1）Bottom surface, upper furnace door（31）Inwall be all provided with It is equipped with insulation material.

6. a kind of efficient biomass combustion machine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described feeding packing auger（13） With toothed chain transmission device（14）Axle connects, toothed chain transmission device（14）With gear（35）Engagement, gear（35）It is set in handle（36） Middle part, handle（36）One end is arranged with wind support（34）.

7. a kind of efficient biomass combustion machine according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described grate（29）On set It is equipped with scummer（28）, the first rotary shaft being vertically arranged（41）Top pass through grate（29）With scummer（28）Connection, the One rotary shaft（41）Bottom is connected bearing with first（46）Inner ring fix, the first rotary shaft（41）Bottom is arranged with the first taper Gear（35）, the first connection bearing（46）Outer ring be fixed on air intake deslagging chamber（40）First support frame of inwall（42）Even Connect, the second rotary shaft of horizontally set（45）One end is arranged with and the first angular wheel（35）Second angular wheel of engagement （35）, the second rotary shaft（45）The other end extends to air intake deslagging chamber（40）Outside and and wind（44）Connection, the second rotation Axle（45）Bearing is connected with second（47）Inner ring fix, second connection bearing（47）Outer ring be fixed on air intake deslagging chamber （40）Second support frame of inwall（43）Connection.