CN106836445B - Trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on adjustable groove forming die - Google Patents
Trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on adjustable groove forming die Download PDFInfo
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- CN106836445B CN106836445B CN201710043370.7A CN201710043370A CN106836445B CN 106836445 B CN106836445 B CN 106836445B CN 201710043370 A CN201710043370 A CN 201710043370A CN 106836445 B CN106836445 B CN 106836445B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vertical formwork and pouring of drainage ditches in airport construction engineering, and aims to solve the problems that when the drainage ditch groove is constructed, the groove is mostly variable in cross section, the devices such as the vertical formwork cannot be reused due to structural limitations of the existing vertical formwork and bucket devices, the construction period is long, the construction quality of the drainage ditch is difficult to guarantee, and the like. The vertical die support slope ratio of the adjustable groove forming die can be adjusted according to the change of the groove slope ratio, the die does not need to be machined again, only the die needs to be simply adjusted, the traditional integral welding vertical die support is compared, the utilization rate of the die is higher, and the adjusting process is simple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of airport construction engineering drainage ditch vertical mold and pouring, and particularly relates to a trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on an adjustable groove forming mold.
Background
Because the ground surface of an airport is large and relatively flat, the land conditions are different, natural water channels and side ditches are lacked, and the terminal effluent of a building area is greatly gathered, the drainage area is relatively large, and the airport drainage has more complex requirements. The atmospheric precipitation formed by rain and snow is concentrated, the ground surface water accumulation caused by small precipitation influences normal traffic, and the road shoulder, the roadbed, the side slope and the like are washed by large precipitation. Therefore, for airport engineering, a large number of drainage systems are required.
At present, the cross section of the airport drainage ditch is generally trapezoidal, and the trapezoidal groove has the advantages of stable structure and no need of frequent maintenance after being built. For the pouring construction of the trapezoid drainage ditch, a common method is to manually erect a mold according to the designed thickness of the bottom and the body of the drainage ditch, the template is mostly a plurality of simple wood boards, concrete pouring is carried out after simple and convenient reinforcement, concrete paving and collection are carried out manually, and the problems of low efficiency, slow progress, long construction period, time and labor waste, poor concrete vibrating effect, difficult guarantee of the construction quality of the drainage ditch and the like exist; the other common method is support vertical formwork construction, wherein the supports are formed by welding, cannot be adjusted and reused, and has the problems of inconvenience in operation, low template utilization rate, multiple processing of support templates for variable-section drainage ditch construction and the like.
For the excavation of the trapezoidal ditch groove, the common method is to firstly adopt an excavator to open a rectangular groove and then excavate the side slopes on two sides. Because the excavation surface of the trapezoidal groove is wide, the excavation depth and width are greatly influenced by the operation level of an excavator operator, the side slope construction is irregular, the slope ratio is difficult to control and the like in the excavation process. Consequently, use the original bucket of excavator to carry out the escape canal excavation, there is inefficiency, the progress is slow, construction cycle is long, the many problems of manpower and materials consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on an adjustable groove forming die, aiming at solving the problems that devices such as a vertical die cannot be reused, the construction period is long, the construction quality of a drainage ditch is difficult to guarantee and the like due to the fact that the grooves are mostly variable in cross section when the drainage ditch is constructed and the structural limitations of the existing vertical die and bucket devices are caused.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on the adjustable groove forming die is characterized in that when the trapezoidal drainage ditch is poured and formed, the adjustable groove forming die is used for carrying out segmented die erecting on a ditch body according to different slope ratios of the drainage ditch, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, excavating and forming a drainage ditch by using an excavator bucket device, manually cleaning a substrate and tamping;
secondly, constructing a cushion layer: paving a gravel cushion layer on the groove of the excavated drainage ditch, and compacting in layers;
thirdly, pouring a ditch bottom plate: discharging the outer side line of a drainage ditch bottom plate on the finished gravel cushion layer, erecting a wood template, embedding hooks of anchoring parts at two sides of the drainage ditch bottom plate respectively, pouring concrete on the drainage ditch bottom plate and vibrating, exposing a part of the hooks, and covering and maintaining the drainage ditch bottom plate;
step four, erecting a groove body: after the bottom plate of the drainage ditch is hardened, erecting a ditch body wood template, and arranging baffle plates at two ends of the wood template to enable the wood template and one side soil wall of the ditch groove to form a closed structure;
fifthly, erecting a mold for the groove body: according to the designed slope ratio of the drainage ditch groove, on one hand, the vertical die supports are assembled and anchored by bolts, a plurality of vertical die supports are longitudinally arranged at certain intervals, on the other hand, the bolt bases of the adjustable supports penetrate through reserved anchoring holes of bottom side angle steel at the bottom of the vertical die supports, the support rods of the adjustable supports are screwed in to anchor the vertical die supports and the adjustable supports, meanwhile, the adjustable supports are extended by screwing out the spiral rods until the top ends of the adjustable supports are contacted with the top side angle steel of the vertical die supports, and a jacking support is arranged between contact surfaces;
sixthly, erecting a mold for the groove body: the rotating body is connected with the round hole hooks on the wood formwork through iron wires and is located in the longitudinal middle position of the wood formwork, and the iron wires are tensioned by rotating the rotating body to prevent the wood formwork from deforming;
seventhly, erecting a mold for the groove body: placing rectangular-section hollow steel pipes on two sides of angle steel at the top edge of a vertical mould bracket, enabling the vertical positions of the rectangular-section hollow steel pipes to correspond to hooks pre-embedded in a drainage ditch bottom plate, then connecting a hanging rod with the hooks, enabling fastening bolts to penetrate through the hanging rod and be placed on the upper surface of the rectangular-section hollow steel pipes, placing a small wood plate on the contact surfaces of the fastening bolts and the rectangular-section hollow steel pipes, knocking the fastening bolts to anchor, and enabling the whole mould to be anchored with the drainage ditch bottom plate;
eighth step, pouring the ditch body: after the whole mold is erected, pouring concrete of the drainage ditch body, and vibrating by using a vibrating rod in the pouring process;
and ninthly, when the slope ratio is changed for different construction sections of the drainage ditch, only adjusting the anchoring positions of the inclined waist angle steel bolts at the two sides of the vertical formwork support, and changing the inclination of the two inclined waist angle steels of the vertical formwork support to enable the vertical formwork support to meet the designed slope ratio, wherein other construction steps are as in the third step to the eighth step.
Adjustable slot forming die including founding the mould support, plank sheathing and rectangular cross section hollow steel pipe, escape canal slot inside wall setting is hugged closely to two plank sheathing, found the mould support for assembling, handstand isosceles trapezoid frame construction the same with escape canal cross section slope ratio, a plurality of upright mould support parallel arrangement, the plank sheathing is hugged closely to two waists of each found the mould support and forms the support to the plank sheathing, the escape canal bottom plate is hugged closely to the bottom minor face of founding the mould support, the long limit of top of each found the mould support is as an organic whole through two sets of rectangular cross section hollow steel pipe connections, two sets of rectangular cross section hollow steel pipe along escape canal slot length direction symmetry setting.
The vertical die support is formed by connecting four pieces of angle steel including top long-side angle steel, bottom short-side angle steel and two sides oblique waist angle steel through bolts, a plurality of reserved anchoring holes are formed in the two sides oblique waist angle steel, and the top long-side angle steel is detachably connected to the reserved anchoring holes with different section heights through bolts to adjust the inclination of the oblique waist angle steel.
The adjustable support that is equipped with the long angle steel of support top under the junction of the long angle steel in top of founding the mould support and the hollow steel pipe of rectangular cross section, adjustable support includes bolt base, bracing piece, hob and top support, and bolt base connects in the bottom of bracing piece and is fixed with the bottom minor face angle steel of founding the mould support, and the bottom segment of hob and the interior screwed connection of bracing piece, top support connection in the top of hob, top support and the contact of the long angle steel in top of founding the mould support.
Found mould support and ditch bottom plate and pass through the anchor and be connected, anchor assembly is tied including couple, peg and fastening, and the vertical setting of peg, bottom are equipped with the barb, and the couple is in "omega" shape, both ends are pre-buried being fixed in the ditch bottom plate, and the bottom barb and the couple hook of peg are connected, and the one end of fastening is tied and is equipped with the last surface contact who cup joints preformed hole, the other end and the hollow steel pipe of rectangular cross section with the peg and compresses tightly, and the fastening is tied and is equipped with little plank with the hollow steel pipe contact surface of rectangular cross section.
The symmetry is equipped with circular couple on the plank sheathing of escape canal slot both sides inner wall, and the tensioning is connected through the rotating member to the circular couple in both sides, and the rotating member includes sheep eye bolt, rotator and iron wire, and the rotator is oval structure, and the sheep eye bolt is connected in the both ends screw in of rotator, and the iron wire is connected in the end of sheep eye bolt.
The bucket device comprises a bucket and a bucket rod which are connected, the two side faces of the bucket are detachably connected with adjustable wing plate devices, each adjustable wing plate device comprises an additional wing plate and an extension wing plate, the additional wing plates and the extension wing plates are arranged in parallel to the cross section direction of a ditch groove, each additional wing plate is of an isosceles right triangle structure, a right-angle edge of each additional wing plate is tightly attached to the side face of the bucket and is vertically connected with the side face of the bucket, the other right-angle edge of each additional wing plate is arranged upwards in a horizontal mode, the extension wing plates are spliced with the hypotenuses of the additional wing plates, the lower end faces of the extension wing plates and the additional wing plates are flush with the lower end face of the bucket, and the bucket and the extension wing plates on the two sides and the additional wing plates form an inverted trapezoidal section.
Two side surfaces of the bucket are provided with a plurality of preformed holes along the excavation depth direction, the back surface of the vertical right-angle side of the additional wing plate is provided with a plurality of anchoring rings along the excavation depth direction, and the anchoring rings and the preformed holes are in one-to-one correspondence and are connected through high-strength bolts; and the back surfaces of the splicing parts of the additional wing plates and the extension wing plates are respectively provided with a plurality of anchoring rings in one-to-one correspondence, and the anchoring rings are connected through high-strength bolts.
The length of the right-angle side of the additional wing plate is larger than or equal to the excavation depth of the ditch groove.
The expansion wing plate is a parallelogram or an oblique triangle, and the angle of the outer oblique side of the expansion wing plate is the same as the slope ratio of the drainage ditch groove.
According to the invention, the adjustable groove forming mold is used for pouring the trapezoidal drainage ditch, so that the reuse rate of the mold is improved, the construction cost is reduced, the construction progress is accelerated, and the adjustable groove forming mold has a wide popularization prospect; meanwhile, the adjustable bucket device is used for excavating and forming the groove of the drainage ditch at one time, so that the construction period is further shortened.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
1. the slope ratio of the vertical die support of the adjustable groove forming die can be adjusted according to the change of the slope ratio of the groove, the die does not need to be processed again, only the die needs to be simply adjusted, and compared with the traditional integrated welding vertical die support, the utilization rate of the die is higher, and the adjusting process is simple; the used mould is simple in structure, only needs to be assembled after blanking according to machining drawings, and then is anchored by bolts, so that the operation is simple and convenient;
2. the vertical mold support is vertically supported by the adjustable support and is anchored on the bottom plate of the drainage ditch by the anchoring part, the structure of the vertical mold support after installation is stable, and meanwhile, the rotating part is utilized to tension the side molds of the groove at two sides, so that the forming quality of the drainage ditch is improved;
3. when the drainage ditch groove is excavated and formed, the bucket device is used for one-step forming, the requirement of excavating the variable-section trapezoidal drainage ditch groove can be met by changing the shape of the extension wing plate, the mechanization degree is high, the construction efficiency is effectively improved, the construction period of the trapezoidal drainage ditch groove can be shortened, and the cost is saved;
4. the excavation forming of the ditch groove with the variable cross section can be finished by matching one specification of bucket with wing plates with different shapes and sizes, so that the arrangement amount of the bucket is reduced, and the cost is favorably controlled;
5. the wing plates are connected with the bucket through high-strength bolts, so that the excavator is convenient to install and use, convenient to disassemble and high in practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an adjustable groove forming die;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vertical mold support;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wood formwork;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an adjustable support;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the anchor assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rotary member;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the bucket assembly;
in the figure: 1-1 drainage ditch bottom plate, 1-2 vertical formwork supports, 1-3 wood formworks, 1-4 adjustable supports, 1-5 anchoring parts, 1-6 rotating parts and 1-7 rectangular section hollow steel pipes;
2-1 angle steel, 2-2 bolts and 2-3 reserved anchoring holes;
3-1 baffle, 3-2 strip-shaped wood boards, 3-3 reinforcing plates and 3-4 round hooks;
4-1 bolt base, 4-2 support rods, 4-3 spiral rods and 4-4 jacking;
5-1 hook, 5-2 hanging rod, 5-3 fastening bolt and 5-4 small wood board;
6-1 sheep eye bolt, 6-2 rotator and 6-3 iron wire;
1-bucket rod, 2-bucket, 3-additional wing plate, 4-expansion wing plate, 5-stiffening rib, 6-anchoring ring and 7-high-strength bolt.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings:
when the trapezoidal drainage ditch is cast and formed, the adjustable groove forming die is adopted to perform segmented mold erection on the ditch body so as to meet the requirement of mold erection construction of different slope ratio sections of the drainage ditch.
The adjustable groove forming die shown in figure 1 comprises vertical die supports 1-2, wood templates 1-3 and rectangular section hollow steel pipes 1-7, wherein the two wood templates 1-3 are tightly attached to the inner side wall of the groove of the drainage ditch, the vertical die supports 1-2 are assembled, the vertical formwork support structure comprises an inverted isosceles trapezoid frame structure with the same slope ratio as the cross section of the drainage ditch, a plurality of vertical formwork supports 1-2 are arranged in parallel, two waists of each vertical formwork support 1-2 are tightly attached to a wood formwork 1-3 to support the wood formwork 1-3, the short edge of the bottom of each vertical formwork support 1-2 is tightly attached to a drainage ditch bottom plate 1-1, the long edge of the top of each vertical formwork support 1-2 is connected into a whole through two groups of rectangular cross section hollow steel pipes 1-7, and the two groups of rectangular cross section hollow steel pipes 1-7 are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the drainage ditch.
The vertical die support structure is formed by connecting four angle steels 2-1 including top long-side angle steel, bottom short-side angle steel and two-side oblique waist angle steel through bolts, wherein a plurality of reserved anchoring holes 2-3 are formed in the two-side oblique waist angle steel, the angle steels are mutually anchored by enabling the bolts 2-2 to penetrate through the different reserved anchoring holes 2-3, the inclination of the angle steels on two sides can be adjusted, and then the vertical die installation of grooves with different sections is met.
The wood formwork comprises a baffle 3-1, a strip-shaped wood board 3-2, a reinforcing plate 3-3 and a round hook 3-4, the wood formwork 1-3 is a formwork erection formwork for concrete pouring of the drainage ditch, and the round hook 3-4 is pre-implanted in a longitudinally eccentric position of the reinforcing plate 3-3.
An adjustable bracket 1-4 for supporting the top long angle steel is arranged right below the joint of the top long angle steel of the vertical mold bracket 1-2 and the rectangular section hollow steel pipe 1-7, the structure of the adjustable bracket 1-4 is shown in figure 4, the adjustable bracket 1-4 comprises a bolt base 4-1, a support rod 4-2, a screw rod 4-3 and a top support 4-4, the support rod 4-2 is hollow and contains rotary threads, the bolt base 4-1 can penetrate through the bottom short edge angle steel of the vertical mold bracket 1-2 to reserve an anchoring hole, the support rod 4-2 is rotated to enter the support rod 4-2 to anchor the adjustable bracket 1-4 and the vertical mold bracket 1-2 together, the screw rod 4-3 can rotate to enter the support rod 4-2 to be connected with each other, the length of the adjustable bracket 1-4 can be adjusted by controlling the length of the rotated entering, the top support 4-4 is connected to the top end of the screw rod 4-3, and the top support 4-4 is in contact support with the top long corner steel of the vertical mold support 1-2.
The vertical mold support 1-2 is connected with the bottom plate 1-1 of the drainage ditch in an anchoring way through an anchoring piece 1-5, the anchoring piece 1-5 is structurally shown in figure 5 and comprises a hook 5-1, a hanging rod 5-2 and a fastening bolt 5-3, the cross section of the hanging rod 5-2 of the anchoring piece 1-5 is square, a square hole is reserved on the fastening bolt 5-3, the size of the square hole is slightly larger than that of the cross section of the hanging rod 5-2, the hanging rod 5-2 is vertically arranged, a barb is arranged at the bottom, the hook 5-1 is in an omega shape, two ends of the hook are pre-embedded and fixed in the bottom plate 1-1 of the drainage ditch, the barb at the bottom of the hanging rod 5-2 is connected with the hook 5-1, one end of the fastening bolt 5-3 is provided with a reserved hole which is sleeved with the hanging rod 5-2, and the other end of the fastening bolt is in contact with the upper surface of a hollow steel pipe 1-7 with a rectangular section, the contact surface of the fastening bolt 5-3 and the rectangular section hollow steel pipe 1-7 is provided with a small wood plate 5-4.
The circular hooks 3-4 are symmetrically arranged on the wooden templates 1-3 on the inner walls of the two sides of the drainage ditch groove, the circular hooks 3-4 on the two sides are connected and tensioned through the rotating parts 1-6, the structure of the rotating parts 1-6 is shown in figure 6 and comprises a sheep eye bolt 6-1, a rotating body 6-2 and an iron wire 6-3, the rotating body 6-2 is of an oval structure, the two ends of the rotating body 6-2 are screwed in and connected with the sheep eye bolt 6-1, and the iron wire 6-3 is connected with the end of the sheep eye bolt 6-1. The two ends of the rotator 6-2 are provided with reserved holes, threads are arranged in the reserved holes, the inner threads of the reserved holes correspond to the outer threads of the sheep eye bolt 6-1, the connection length of the sheep eye bolt 6-1 and the rotator can be controlled by screwing the sheep eye bolt into the rotator, and then the wood templates on the two sides are tensioned.
The concrete vertical mold of the adjustable groove forming mold and the pouring forming step of the drainage ditch based on the forming mold are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a drainage ditch is excavated and formed by using an excavator bucket device, and a substrate is manually cleaned and tamped;
step two, constructing a cushion layer: paving a gravel cushion layer on the groove of the excavated drainage ditch, and compacting in layers;
thirdly, pouring a ditch bottom plate: firstly, constructing a drainage ditch bottom plate 1-1 on an excavated drainage ditch groove, embedding hooks 5-2 of anchoring pieces 1-5 at two sides of the drainage ditch bottom plate 1-1 respectively, exposing a part of the hooks 5-2, and covering and maintaining the drainage ditch bottom plate 1-1;
fourthly, erecting a mold for the groove body: after the drainage ditch bottom plate 1-1 is hardened, erecting a ditch body wood template 1-3, and placing baffle plates 3-1 at two ends of the wood template 1-3 to enable the wood template 1-3 and one side soil wall of a ditch groove to form a closed structure;
fifthly, erecting a groove body: according to the designed slope ratio of the drainage ditch groove, on one hand, assembling the vertical die supports 1-2, and anchoring by using bolts, wherein the vertical die supports 1-2 are longitudinally arranged in a plurality at certain intervals, on the other hand, a bolt base 4-1 of the adjustable support 1-4 penetrates through a reserved anchoring hole 2-3 of a bottom edge angle steel at the bottom of the vertical die support 1-2, a supporting rod 4-2 of the adjustable support 1-4 is screwed in to anchor the vertical die support 1-2 and the adjustable support 1-4, and simultaneously, a top edge 4-3 is screwed out to extend the adjustable support 1-4 until the top end of the adjustable support 1-4 is contacted with the angle steel 2-1 of the vertical die support 1-2, and a jacking support 4-4 is arranged between contact surfaces;
sixthly, erecting a mold for the groove body: the rotating body 6-2 is connected with the round hole hooks 3-4 on the wood formwork 1-3 through iron wires 6-3, the rotating body 6-2 is located at the longitudinal middle position of the wood formwork 1-3, the iron wires 6-3 are tensioned by rotating the rotating body 6-2, and the wood formwork 1-3 is prevented from deforming;
seventhly, erecting a mold for the groove body: placing rectangular section hollow steel pipes 1-7 on two sides of top side angle steel 2-1 of a vertical mould support 1-2, wherein the vertical position corresponds to a hook 5-1 pre-buried in a drainage ditch bottom plate 1-1, then connecting a hanging rod 5-2 with the hook 5-1, penetrating fastening bolts 5-3 through the hanging rod 5-2 and placing the fastening bolts on the upper surface of the rectangular section hollow steel pipes 1-7, placing a small wood plate 5-4 on the contact surface of the fastening bolts 5-3 and the rectangular section hollow steel pipes 1-7, knocking the fastening bolts 5-3 for anchoring, and enabling the whole mould to be anchored with the drainage ditch bottom plate 1-1;
eighthly, pouring the ditch body: and after the whole mold is erected, pouring concrete of the drainage ditch body, and vibrating by using a vibrating rod in the pouring process.
When the slope ratio is changed for different construction sections of the drainage ditch, the inclination of the two oblique waist angle steels of the vertical formwork support 1-2 is changed by only adjusting the anchoring positions of the oblique waist angle steel bolts at the two sides of the vertical formwork support 1-2, so that the vertical formwork support 1-2 meets the designed slope ratio, and other construction steps are as the third step to the eighth step.
In order to enable the same bucket to meet variable-section excavation during excavation and forming of a drainage ditch, the invention adopts the bucket device shown in fig. 7 and comprises the bucket 2 and a bucket rod 1 which are connected, two side surfaces of the bucket 2 are detachably connected with adjustable wing plate devices, each adjustable wing plate device comprises an additional wing plate 3 and an extended wing plate 4, the additional wing plates 3 and the extended wing plates 4 are arranged in parallel to the cross section direction of a ditch groove, each additional wing plate 3 is of an isosceles right-angled triangle structure, one right-angle side of each additional wing plate 3 is tightly attached to the side surface of the bucket 2 to be vertically connected, the other right-angle side of each additional wing plate 3 is horizontally arranged upwards, the extended wing plates 4 are spliced with the bevel edges of the additional wing plates 3, the lower end surfaces of the extended wing plates 4 and the additional wing plates 3 are flush with the lower end surfaces of the bucket 2, and the extended wing plates 4 on the two sides and the additional wing plates 3 form an inverted trapezoidal section.
The bucket rod 1 is an original bucket rod of the excavator.
The width of the excavating bucket 2 is the minimum designed excavating width of the ditch groove or is slightly smaller than the minimum designed excavating width; four prepared holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the bucket 2, and the diameter of each prepared hole is slightly larger than that of the high-strength bolt and screw.
The additional wing plate 3 is a 15mm thick steel plate and is in an isosceles triangle shape, and the height of the additional wing plate 3 is the maximum designed excavation depth of the ditch groove or is larger than the maximum designed excavation depth of the ditch groove; the expansion wing plate 4 is a steel plate with the thickness of 15mm, the shape of the expansion wing plate is a parallelogram or an oblique triangle, and the specific shape is determined according to the size of the cross section of the groove of the trapezoidal ditch.
The preset anchoring ring 6 is a hollow steel pipe with a circular cross section, and the inner diameter of the steel pipe is slightly larger than the diameter of the high-strength bolt screw.
And four preset anchoring rings 6 are correspondingly welded on the back surface of one side of the additional wing plate 3, which is in contact with the bucket 2, the positions of the four preset anchoring rings correspond to the preformed holes of the bucket 2 one by one, high-strength bolt screws penetrate through the preformed holes and the anchoring rings 6, and after the gaskets are added, the hexagonal nuts are screwed in to anchor the preformed holes and the anchoring rings.
The corresponding sides and the backs of the additional wing plates 3 and the expansion wing plates 4 are respectively welded with four preset anchoring rings 6, high-strength bolt screws respectively penetrate through the preset anchoring rings 6, and after gaskets are added, the high-strength bolt screws are screwed into hexagon nuts to anchor the high-strength bolt screws and the hexagon nuts.
For the additional wing plate and the expansion wing plate, the opening end opposite to the bucket is the front surface, and the opening end back to the bucket is the back surface.
The stiffening ribs 5 are steel plates with the thickness of 15mm, are triangular, have variable cross sections and are different in size, and the stiffening ribs 5 are arranged on the back surfaces of the bucket 2 and the additional wing plates 3 through seamless welding, so that the modified bucket is firmer and more stable, and the service life of the modified bucket is prolonged.
The high-strength bolt 7 is a standard 16mm high-strength bolt.
The method for excavating the groove of the trapezoidal drainage ditch by utilizing the modified bucket device formed by one-step excavation of the trapezoidal drainage ditch comprises the following steps of:
(1) determining the size of a ditch groove: determining the minimum excavation width and the maximum excavation depth of the groove according to design requirements;
(2) determining the size of the modified bucket: determining the sizes of the bucket 2, the additional wing plate 3 and the expansion wing plate 4 according to the minimum excavation width and the maximum excavation depth of the groove and the slope ratio determined in the step (1), and then modifying the bucket 2;
(3) excavating a ditch groove: adopting the step (2) to refit the excavator bucket by using the excavator according to the width and the depth of the groove determined by the excavation section to perform excavation, wherein the excavation is correctly performed according to the plane position shown by the measurement and the paying-off of each section of groove;
(4) forming a ditch groove: and manually cleaning the excavated groove and manually tamping to form the groove.
When the trapezoidal ditch groove is of variable cross section, only the extension wing plate with corresponding size needs to be disassembled and assembled in a matching way, the bucket does not need to be replaced again, and the additional wing plate does not need to be disassembled and assembled, so that the constructors can conveniently disassemble, assemble and replace the small-volume components. The construction of one-step excavation molding of the airport trapezoid drainage ditch is realized by only changing the extension wing plates of the variable cross-section trapezoid drainage ditch, the mechanization degree is improved, the construction period is greatly shortened, the cost is greatly saved, and the method has a wide application prospect.
The structures or devices not specifically described in the present invention are all the prior art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive faculty based on the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on the adjustable groove forming die is characterized in that when the trapezoidal drainage ditch is poured and formed, the adjustable groove forming die is used for conducting segmented die erecting on a ditch body according to different slope ratios of the drainage ditch, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, excavating and forming a drainage ditch by using an excavator bucket device, manually cleaning a substrate and tamping;
step two, constructing a cushion layer: paving a gravel cushion layer on the groove of the excavated drainage ditch, and compacting the gravel cushion layer by layer;
thirdly, pouring a ditch bottom plate: discharging an outer side line of the drainage ditch bottom plate (1-1) on the finished gravel cushion, supporting a wood template (1-3), embedding hooks (5-2) of anchoring pieces (1-5) at two sides of the drainage ditch bottom plate (1-1) respectively, pouring and vibrating concrete of the drainage ditch bottom plate (1-1), exposing a part of the hooks (5-2), and performing covering maintenance;
step four, erecting a groove body: after the drainage ditch bottom plate (1-1) is hardened, erecting a ditch body wood template (1-3), and placing baffle plates (3-1) at two ends of the wood template (1-3) to enable the wood template (1-3) and one side soil wall of a ditch groove to form a closed structure;
fifthly, erecting a mold for the groove body: according to the designed slope ratio of the drainage ditch groove, on one hand, the vertical die supports (1-2) are assembled and anchored by bolts, a plurality of vertical die supports (1-2) are arranged longitudinally at certain intervals, on the other hand, the bolt base (4-1) of the adjustable support (1-4) passes through the reserved anchoring holes (2-3) of the bottom edge angle steel of the vertical die supports (1-2), the support rod (4-2) of the adjustable support (1-4) is screwed in to anchor the vertical die supports (1-2) and the adjustable support (1-4), and simultaneously, the screw rod (4-3) is screwed out to extend the adjustable support (1-4) until the top end of the adjustable support (1-4) is contacted with the top edge angle steel (2-1) of the vertical die supports (1-2), a jacking (4-4) is arranged between the contact surfaces;
sixthly, erecting a mold for the groove body: the rotating body (6-2) is connected with a round hole hook (3-4) on the wooden template (1-3) through an iron wire (6-3), the rotating body (6-2) is located at the longitudinal middle position of the wooden template (1-3), the iron wire (6-3) is tensioned by rotating the rotating body (6-2), and the wooden template (1-3) is prevented from deforming;
step seven, erecting a mold for the groove body: placing rectangular section hollow steel pipes (1-7) on two sides of top side angle steel (2-1) of a vertical mould support (1-2), enabling the vertical position to correspond to a hook (5-1) pre-embedded in a drainage ditch bottom plate (1-1), then connecting a hanging rod (5-2) with the hook (5-1), enabling fastening bolts (5-3) to penetrate through the hanging rod (5-2) and be placed on the upper surface of the rectangular section hollow steel pipes (1-7), placing a small wood plate (5-4) on the contact surface of the fastening bolts (5-3) and the rectangular section hollow steel pipes (1-7), knocking the fastening bolts (5-3) for anchoring, and enabling the whole mould to be anchored with the drainage ditch bottom plate (1-1);
eighth step, pouring the ditch body: after the whole mold is erected, pouring concrete of the drainage ditch body, and vibrating by using a vibrating rod in the pouring process;
ninthly, when the slope ratio is changed for different construction sections of the drainage ditch, only adjusting the anchoring positions of the inclined waist angle steels on the two sides of the vertical formwork support (1-2) and changing the inclination of the inclined waist angle steels on the two sides of the vertical formwork support (1-2) to enable the vertical formwork support (1-2) to meet the designed slope ratio, wherein other construction steps are as the third step to the eighth step;
the bucket device comprises a bucket (2) and a bucket rod (1) which are connected, two side surfaces of the bucket (2) are detachably connected with adjustable wing plate devices, the adjustable wing plate device comprises an additional wing plate (3) and an expansion wing plate (4), the additional wing plate (3) and the expansion wing plate (4) are arranged in parallel to the cross section direction of the ditch groove, the auxiliary wing plate (3) is of an isosceles right triangle structure, a right-angle side of the auxiliary wing plate (3) is tightly attached to the side face of the bucket (2) to be vertically connected, the other right-angle side of the auxiliary wing plate (3) is horizontally arranged upwards, the expansion wing plate (4) is spliced with an oblique side of the auxiliary wing plate (3), the lower end faces of the expansion wing plate (4) and the auxiliary wing plate (3) are flush with the lower end face of the bucket (2), and the bucket (2), the expansion wing plates (4) on two sides and the auxiliary wing plate (3) form an inverted trapezoidal section.
2. The trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on the adjustable groove forming die as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the adjustable groove forming die comprises vertical die supports (1-2), wood templates (1-3) and rectangular-section hollow steel pipes (1-7), wherein the two wood templates (1-3) are arranged in a manner of being tightly attached to the inner side wall of the groove of the drainage ditch, the vertical die supports (1-2) are assembled, the vertical formwork is of an inverted isosceles trapezoid frame structure with the same slope ratio as the cross section of the drainage ditch, a plurality of vertical formwork supports (1-2) are arranged in parallel, two waists of each vertical formwork support (1-2) are tightly attached to a wood formwork (1-3) to support the wood formwork (1-3), the short edge of the bottom of each vertical formwork support (1-2) is tightly attached to a drainage ditch bottom plate (1-1), the long edges of the top of each vertical formwork support (1-2) are connected into a whole through two groups of rectangular-section hollow steel pipes (1-7), and the two groups of rectangular-section hollow steel pipes (1-7) are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the drainage ditch.
3. The trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on the adjustable groove forming mold according to claim 2, characterized in that: the vertical die support (1-2) is formed by connecting four angle steels (2-1) including top long corner steel, bottom short edge angle steel and two sides oblique waist angle steel through bolts, a plurality of reserved anchoring holes (2-3) are formed in the two sides oblique waist angle steel, and the top long corner steel is detachably connected to the reserved anchoring holes (2-3) with different section heights through bolts to adjust the inclination of the oblique waist angle steel.
4. The trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on the adjustable groove forming die as claimed in claim 3, wherein: an adjustable bracket (1-4) for supporting the top long angle steel is arranged under the joint of the top long angle steel of the vertical mould bracket (1-2) and the rectangular section hollow steel pipe (1-7), the adjustable support (1-4) comprises a bolt base (4-1), a support rod (4-2), a screw rod (4-3) and a jacking support (4-4), the bolt base (4-1) is connected to the bottom of the support rod (4-2) and fixedly connected with a bottom short edge angle steel of the vertical mold support (1-2), the bottom section of the screw rod (4-3) is connected with an internal thread of the support rod (4-2), the jacking support (4-4) is connected to the top end of the screw rod (4-3), and the jacking support (4-4) is in contact support with a top long corner steel of the vertical mold support (1-2).
5. The trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on the adjustable groove forming mold according to claim 4, characterized in that: the vertical mold support (1-2) is connected with the drainage ditch bottom plate (1-1) in an anchoring way through an anchoring piece (1-5), the anchoring piece (1-5) comprises a hook (5-1), a hanging rod (5-2) and a fastening bolt (5-3), the hanging rod (5-2) is vertically arranged, the bottom of the hanging rod is provided with a barb, the hook (5-1) is in an omega shape, two ends of the fastening bolt (5-3) are pre-buried and fixed in a drainage ditch bottom plate (1-1), a bottom barb of the hanging rod (5-2) is connected with a hook (5-1) in a hooking manner, one end of the fastening bolt (5-3) is provided with a preformed hole which is sleeved with the hanging rod (5-2), the other end of the fastening bolt is in contact compression with the upper surface of the rectangular-section hollow steel pipe (1-7), and a small wood plate (5-4) is arranged on the contact surface of the fastening bolt (5-3) and the rectangular-section hollow steel pipe (1-7).
6. The trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on the adjustable groove forming die as claimed in claim 5, wherein: circular hooks (3-4) are symmetrically arranged on wood templates (1-3) on inner walls of two sides of a drainage ditch groove, the circular hooks (3-4) on the two sides are connected and tensioned through rotating parts (1-6), each rotating part (1-6) comprises a sheep eye bolt (6-1), a rotating body (6-2) and an iron wire (6-3), each rotating body (6-2) is of an oval structure, the two ends of each rotating body (6-2) are screwed into the corresponding sheep eye bolts (6-1), and the iron wires (6-3) are connected to ends of the corresponding sheep eye bolts (6-1).
7. The trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on the adjustable groove forming die as claimed in claim 6, wherein: a plurality of preformed holes are formed in two side faces of the bucket (2) along the excavation depth direction, a plurality of anchoring rings are arranged on the back face of the vertical right-angle side of the additional wing plate (3) along the excavation depth direction, and the anchoring rings are in one-to-one correspondence with the preformed holes and connected through high-strength bolts; the back surfaces of the splicing parts of the additional wing plate (3) and the extension wing plate (4) are respectively provided with a plurality of anchoring rings in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the anchoring rings are connected through high-strength bolts.
8. The trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on the adjustable groove forming die as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the length of the right-angle side of the additional wing plate (3) is greater than or equal to the excavation depth of the ditch groove.
9. The trapezoidal drainage ditch pouring forming method based on the adjustable groove forming die as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the expansion wing plate (4) is parallelogram or triangle, and the slope ratio of the angle of the outer bevel edge of the expansion wing plate (4) to the groove of the drainage ditch is the same.
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CN108301293B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2020-07-03 | 广州市佑安土木工程有限公司 | Construction method of road surface water stabilization layer and auxiliary engineering |
CN109881592B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-05-25 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | Trapezoidal drainage ditch construction method adopting single-side formwork |
CN111501446B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-08-06 | 中铁十四局集团第五工程有限公司 | Device and method for controlling size of reserved groove of ballastless turnout switch machine |
CN112681257B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-02-25 | 浙大城市学院 | Construction method for prefabricating and assembling irrigation channel and pressing top of cast-in-place concrete |
CN112814116B (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2023-08-15 | 安徽仁成建设工程有限公司 | Construction method of cast-in-situ drainage ditch |
CN113389259A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-09-14 | 山东正元建设工程有限责任公司 | Construction method of large-section trapezoidal concrete drainage ditch |
CN113550268A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-26 | 广东洋晟建设工程有限公司 | Irrigation and water conservancy construction method |
CN113530602A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-10-22 | 刘维 | Tunnel ditch laying device |
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JP2548086B2 (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1996-10-30 | 秩父コンクリート工業株式会社 | Drainage structure |
US7846327B2 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2010-12-07 | Dolores J. Happel, legal representative | Storm water filter system having a floating skimmer apparatus |
CN103174216B (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-06-04 | 济南城建集团有限公司 | Method for constructing roof drain through adopting geotechnical formwork technology |
CN203640037U (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-06-11 | 周克珍 | Prefabricated concrete plate-type combined box drain |
CN204059317U (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-31 | 湖南农业大学 | The ditching machine of a kind of adjustable ditch distance and ditch depth |
CN104213565B (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-05-18 | 广西建工集团第五建筑工程有限责任公司 | A kind of formwork system that is applicable to large-scale deep trouth hole sty bed course and formwork thereof water smashes construction method |
CN204898612U (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2015-12-23 | 宁小虎 | Mould with adjustable be used for pouring ditch |
CN205296251U (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-06-08 | 北京泽华路桥工程有限公司 | Excavator bucket |
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