CN106836243A - A kind of sponge greenery patches of suitable mountain topography and its building method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of sponge green land suitable for mountain topography and construction method thereof, constructs different soil layer structures according to different slopes of mountain topography, builds different soil layer structures respectively for 3°-8° gentle slope and 8°-15° steep slope, Distribute the drainage pipe network, transform the 3°-8° gentle slope into a 6% stepped slope section, set up energy dissipation ditches for 8°-15° steep slopes and set up fixed energy dissipation piles in the energy dissipation ditch. The sponge green space in the present invention conforms to the characteristics of the mountain topography, so that the slope can have the functions of rapid infiltration, rainwater purification, buffer runoff, and water and soil conservation, and the safety factor is considered in the design of the steep slope. By setting up energy-dissipating fixed piles, It can not only weaken the kinetic energy of rainwater after forming runoff, slow down its speed, and reduce a part of the runoff, but also fix the structural layer, so that the slope can be safely guaranteed when it performs its "sponge effect".

Description

A kind of sponge green space suitable for mountain terrain and its construction method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sponge green space construction in mountainous cities, in particular to a sponge green space suitable for mountain terrain and a construction method thereof.

Background technique

At present, there is no construction method of sponge green land in the mountainous environment, and the construction of mountain sponge green land can only be carried out by referring to the "Technical Guidelines for Sponge City Construction". It cannot effectively guide the construction of sponge green land in mountainous environments, and for mountains with different slopes, whether a large number of sponge facilities in sponge cities can be directly used for construction can only be constructed while groping, and the operability is not strong.

Most of the existing sponge city construction methods are used in plains and basin cities to solve the urban waterlogging problem. Common green space sponge facilities include sunken green spaces, bioretention zones, vegetation buffer zones, and grass ditch, etc. Requirements, and most of them have aquifers, which cannot adapt to mountainous cities with changeable terrain. The lack of research on mountain sponge city construction methods has seriously affected the construction of mountain sponge cities. In addition, mountain cities have a large amount of rainfall, and a large amount of runoff is formed on slopes. Due to the rapid runoff speed, it is easy to form secondary disasters, causing hidden dangers to life safety and economic and property losses. At present, although there are sponge facilities that can be used in gentle areas, the total amount is negligible for mountainous cities, and slopes still occupy a large amount of land in the city. If these slopes are used, they will be built to have the function of sponge facilities The green space can greatly increase the infiltration efficiency of urban rainwater, reduce a large amount of rainwater runoff, and reduce the probability of urban waterlogging; and considering the safety of rainwater quality, the filter system will infiltrate the purified rainwater into the ground. If things go on like this, the urban groundwater bits can also be added.

Most of the mountainous cities are located in the interior of large mountainous areas, or on the staggered belt of mountainous areas and plains; the topography and landforms have large absolute or relative heights, deep cuts, high density cuts, and complex geological structures. The complex geographical and ecological environment has bred a rich and colorful mountain pattern, which is different from plain cities in terms of resource characteristics, spatial distribution, ecological services, and disaster prevention and control: water resources are relatively abundant but unevenly distributed, and the space is rich in changes but the land use is fragmented , The ecosystem is rich but relatively fragile, and the landscape is diverse but more disasters are hidden. Because mountainous cities have large areas of mountains, green spaces, water systems, and wetlands, they are conducive to the infiltration, retention, and storage of rainfall, which brings great advantages to the construction of mountainous urban sponges that accumulate, infiltrate, and purify. At the same time, compared with plain areas, the construction of mountain sponge cities has prominent disadvantages: First, due to the steep terrain slope and thin soil aquifer, it is not conducive to water seepage and water retention of sponge bodies; second, under extreme climatic conditions, especially during heavy rains, Mountainous flood peaks have large flow and fast flow, high flood risk, and local low-lying areas are prone to waterlogging disasters; third, mountainous geological disasters are dense, water and soil loss is serious, and problems such as rocky desertification and sponge restoration and governance in drawdown areas are also relatively prominent; Fourth, mountainous cities have high ecological niches and relatively fragile ecosystems, which are easily damaged by urban development and construction, making ecological restoration extremely difficult. In the past, slopes or mountains produced a large amount of runoff during heavy rains. After the rainwater passed through the runoff and accelerated the potential energy transformation on the slope, it may carry a large amount of sediment, causing soil erosion, and even loosening of the soil, causing landslides, debris flows and other disasters.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sponge green space suitable for mountainous terrain, which combines the complex slope terrain of mountainous terrain, constructs sponge green spaces with different soil layer structures for different slopes, and fills up the gaps in the construction of sponge cities in mountainous cities in the prior art. It solves the technical problems of high flood risk in mountainous cities, waterlogging disasters in local low-lying areas, and ecological system vulnerable to flood damage.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

Including 3°-8° gentle slope green space or 8°-15° steep slope green space, of which:

The 3°-8° gentle slope green space has the following soil layer structure built sequentially from the center of the earth to the surface:

The first gravel layer, the thickness of the first gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and the first perforated drainage pipe is laid laterally along the slope in the first gravel layer;

The first coarse sand layer, the thickness of the first coarse sand layer is 200mm;

The first planting soil layer, the thickness of the first planting soil layer is 500mm-1200mm, the surface of the first planting soil layer is a 6% segmented stepped slope, and the first planting soil layer is planted on the slope green vegetation;

And the 8°-15° steep slope green space has the following soil layer structure built sequentially from the center of the earth to the surface:

The second gravel layer, the thickness of the second gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and the second gravel layer is laid with a second perforated drainage pipe along the flow direction;

The second coarse sand layer, the thickness of the second coarse sand layer is 250mm;

The second planting soil layer, the thickness of the second planting soil layer is 200mm-700mm, and green vegetation is planted on the slope of the second planting soil layer;

In addition, through the second gravel layer, the second coarse sand layer and the second planting soil layer, several energy-dissipating ditches are arranged laterally along the slope, and fixed energy-dissipating piles are vertically arranged in the energy-dissipating ditches, Bottom pavement has perforated drainpipes.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The present invention fully regulates the water resources in the mountains by fully infiltrating the rainwater in the rainstorm season and retaining water in the seasons with less rainfall through the soil layer structure with water seepage and water retention functions built for the terrain of different slopes in the mountains. The sponge green space has the advantages of strong penetration and large water retention.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sponge green space construction method suitable for mountain topography, specifically to carry out green space construction for corresponding areas according to the different slopes of mountain topography, including:

The following construction steps for 3°-8° gentle slope:

Step 1: Excavate and transform the original slope as a whole, with an excavation depth of 850mm-1800mm;

Step 2: laying the first gravel layer on the slope surface excavated and transformed in step 1, the thickness of the first gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and laying the first perforated drainage pipe transversely along the slope surface in the gravel layer;

Step 3: laying the first coarse sand layer on the slope of the first gravel layer described in step 2, and the thickness of the first coarse sand layer is 200mm;

Step 4: Backfilling and compacting the first planting soil layer on the slope of the first coarse sand layer described in step 3, the backfilling thickness is 500mm-1200mm, and the first planting soil layer is backfilled into a 6% stepwise stepped slope;

Step 5: plant green vegetation on the slope of the first planting soil layer described in step 4.

and the following construction steps for steep slopes of 8°-15°:

Step Ⅰ: Excavate and transform the entire original slope with an excavation depth of 700mm-1300mm, and excavate several interval energy-dissipating ditches along the slope laterally, the excavation depth of the energy-dissipating ditches exceeds the original slope as a whole Excavation depth, and fixed energy dissipation piles are vertically arranged in the energy dissipation ditch, and perforated drainage pipes are laid along the bottom of the ditch;

Step II: For the area other than the energy dissipation ditch, lay a second gravel layer on the slope surface excavated and reconstructed in step I. The thickness of the second gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and in the second gravel layer laying a second perforated drainage pipe along the direction of water flow;

Step III: laying a second coarse sand layer on the slope of the second gravel layer described in step II for the area other than the energy dissipation ditch, and the thickness of the second coarse sand layer is 250mm;

Step IV: For the area other than the energy dissipation ditch, backfill and compact the second planting soil layer on the second coarse sand layer described in step III, with a backfill thickness of 200mm-700mm;

Step Ⅴ: planting green vegetation on the slope of the second planting soil layer described in step Ⅳ.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

According to the present invention, the construction of the green space is carried out on the areas with different slopes in the mountains, so as to form the required sponge green space structure for the mountain areas with different slopes. In this construction method, the construction process is well-organized, and the sponge green space constructed can give full play to the unique role of sponge green space in mountainous areas with different slopes, which solves the problems of high flood risk in mountainous cities, easy waterlogging disasters in local low-lying areas, and easy damage to ecosystems by floods. technical problem.

Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will partly be embodied through the following descriptions, and partly will be understood by those skilled in the art through the study and practice of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional structure diagram of 3°-8° slope land in the sponge green space suitable for mountain topography of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure diagram of 8°-15° slope in the sponge green space suitable for mountainous terrain of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and functions achieved by the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2:

Including 3°-8° gentle slope green space or 8°-15° steep slope green space, of which:

The land with a gentle slope of 3°-8° has the following soil structure built sequentially from the center of the earth to the surface, as shown in Figure 1:

The first gravel layer 10, the thickness of the first gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and the first perforated drainage pipe 11 is laid laterally along the slope in the first gravel layer;

The first coarse sand layer 12, the thickness of the first coarse sand layer is 200mm;

The first planting soil layer 13, the thickness of the first planting soil layer is 500mm-1200mm, the surface of the first planting soil layer is a 6% segmented stepped slope, and the first planting soil layer is planted on the slope Has green vegetation 15;

and 8°-15° steep slope greenbelts have the following soil structure built sequentially from the center of the earth to the surface, as shown in Figure 2:

The second gravel layer 20, the thickness of the second gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and the second gravel layer is laid with a second perforated drainage pipe 21 along the water flow direction;

The second coarse sand layer 22, the thickness of the second coarse sand layer is 250mm;

The second planting soil layer 23, the thickness of the second planting soil layer is 200mm-700mm, and green vegetation 28 is planted on the slope of the second planting soil layer;

In addition, through the second gravel layer 20, the second coarse sand layer 22 and the second planting soil layer 23, several energy-dissipating ditches 26 are arranged laterally along the slope, and fixed energy-dissipating ditches 26 are arranged vertically in the energy-dissipating ditch. The pile 27 and the second perforated drainage pipe 25 are laid along the bottom of the ditch.

In the above-mentioned sponge green space suitable for mountain terrain, the width of the energy dissipation ditch 26 is 500mm, and the fixed energy dissipation pile 27 is formed by mixing pebbles with a particle size of 40mm-80mm with concrete; the perforation diameters of the perforated drainage pipes 11 and 21 are 10mm-25mm, And evenly distributed on the tube surface.

The slope of the sponge green land slope of the above-mentioned structure is 6%, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the α slope is 6%, and the β slope is 15%. In the rainstorm season, due to the first gravel layer 10 and the second gravel layer 20 Huge water seepage capacity, so that the amount of infiltration along the soil layer reaches about 80%, the infiltrating rainwater is discharged along the first perforated drainage pipe 11 and the second perforated drainage pipe 21, and finally the runoff along the slope is only 8 %, which fully reduces the runoff, and at the same time, the slope is transformed into a gentle slope of 6%, and the green vegetation on the slope is used to stabilize the soil, and the runoff speed is also reduced. The energy dissipation ditch 26 and the fixed energy dissipation pile 27 Fully play the role of eliminating water flow energy, fully protect the slope soil loss, and ensure the safety of the facilities at the bottom of the slope; in the dry season, the coarse sand layers 12 and 22 at the bottom fully play the role of water retention, and the moisture in the surrounding soil can be Quickly pass through the first gravel layer 10 and the second gravel layer 20 with less resistance to reach the slope area, and replenish water to the slope area.

The above-mentioned sponge green land construction method suitable for mountain terrain is as follows:

A sponge green space construction method suitable for mountain terrain, specifically, green space construction is carried out in corresponding areas according to different slopes of mountain terrain, including:

The following construction steps for 3°-8° gentle slope:

Step 1: Excavate and transform the original slope as a whole, with an excavation depth of 850mm-1800mm;

Step 2: Lay the first gravel layer 10 on the slope surface excavated and reconstructed in step 1, the thickness of the first gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and lay the first perforated drainage pipe 11 horizontally along the slope surface in the first gravel layer ;

Step 3: laying the first coarse sand layer on the slope of the gravel layer described in step 2, and the thickness of the first coarse sand layer is 200mm;

Step 4: backfill and tamp the first planting soil layer 13 on the slope of the first coarse sand layer described in step 3, the backfill thickness is 500mm-1200mm, and the first planting soil layer is backfilled into a 6% stepwise stepped slope ;

Step five: plant green vegetation 15 on the slope of the first planting soil layer 13 described in step four.

and the following construction steps for steep slopes of 8°-15°:

Step Ⅰ: Excavate and transform the original slope as a whole, with an excavation depth of 700mm-1300mm, and excavate several energy-dissipating ditches 26 at intervals laterally along the slope. The excavation depth of the energy-dissipating ditches 26 exceeds the original slope The overall excavation depth of the surface, and a fixed energy dissipation pile 27 is vertically arranged in the energy dissipation ditch 26, and a second perforated drainage pipe 25 is laid along the bottom of the ditch;

Step II: For the area other than the energy dissipation ditch 26, lay a second gravel layer 20 on the slope surface excavated and reconstructed in step I, the thickness of the second gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and lay the second gravel layer 20 on the slope of the second gravel layer The second perforated drainage pipe 21 is laid along the water flow direction in the layer;

Step III: laying a second coarse sand layer 22 on the slope of the second gravel layer described in step II for the area other than the energy dissipation ditch 26, and the thickness of the second coarse sand layer 22 is 250 mm;

Step IV: For the area other than the energy dissipation ditch 26, backfill on the second coarse sand layer 22 described in step III and compact the second planting soil layer 23, the backfill thickness is 200mm-700mm;

Step V: plant green vegetation 28 on the slope of the second planting soil layer 23 described in step IV.

In the above construction method, the first perforated drain pipe 11 and the second perforated drain pipe 21 plus the perforated drain pipe 25 arranged horizontally in the energy dissipation ditch constitute a drainage pipe network, which makes the drainage of the slope more rapid and can be quickly adjusted. Water seepage; in the gentle slope of 3 °-8 °, the effect of the horizontal arrangement of the perforated drain pipe 11 is: the rainwater flow rate of the gentle slope is low, and the perforated drain pipe 11 is arranged horizontally. 11 collides, rainwater enters the pipe through the holes provided on the perforated drain pipe 11 for collection, and then discharges along the pipe; on a steep slope of 8°-15°, the function of the arrangement of the perforated drain pipe 21 along the water flow is: In the steep slope, the flow rate of rainwater is relatively high, and the perforated drainage pipe 21 is arranged along the water flow to quickly drain water, preventing the rainwater from scouring the slope and causing the slope to be damaged.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A kind of sponge green space suitable for mountainous terrain, is characterized in that: comprise 3 °-8 ° gentle slope green space or 8 °-15 ° steep slope green space, wherein: The 3°-8° gentle slope green space has the following soil layer structure built sequentially from the center of the earth to the surface: The first gravel layer, the thickness of the first gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and the first perforated drainage pipe is laid laterally along the slope in the first gravel layer; The first coarse sand layer, the thickness of the first coarse sand layer is 200mm; The first planting soil layer, the thickness of the first planting soil layer is 500mm-1200mm, the surface of the first planting soil layer is a 6% segmented stepped slope, and the first planting soil layer is planted on the slope green vegetation; The 8°-15° steep slope greenbelt has the following soil structure built sequentially from the center of the earth to the surface: The second gravel layer, the thickness of the second gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and the second gravel layer is laid with a second perforated drainage pipe along the flow direction; The second coarse sand layer, the thickness of the second coarse sand layer is 250mm; The second planting soil layer, the thickness of the second planting soil layer is 200mm-700mm, and green vegetation is planted on the slope of the second planting soil layer; In addition, through the second gravel layer, the second coarse sand layer and the second planting soil layer, several energy-dissipating ditches are arranged laterally along the slope, and fixed energy-dissipating piles are vertically arranged in the energy-dissipating ditches, Bottom pavement has perforated drainpipes. 2. A kind of sponge green space suitable for mountain terrain as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the first coarse sand layer is replaced with a double-layer 250g/㎡ water-permeable geotextile. 3. The sponge green space suitable for mountainous terrain as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the energy dissipation ditch is not less than 400mm. 4. A kind of sponge green space construction method suitable for mountain topography is characterized in that: according to the different slopes of mountain topography, green space construction is carried out in corresponding areas respectively, comprising: The following construction steps for 3°-8° gentle slope: Step 1: Excavate and transform the original slope as a whole, with an excavation depth of 850mm-1800mm; Step 2: laying a first gravel layer on the slope surface excavated and reconstructed in step 1, the thickness of the first gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and laying a first perforated drainage pipe transversely along the slope in the first gravel layer; Step 3: laying the first coarse sand layer on the slope of the first gravel layer described in step 2, and the thickness of the first coarse sand layer is 200mm; Step 4: backfilling and compacting the first planting soil layer on the slope of the first coarse sand layer described in step 3, the backfilling thickness is 500mm-1200mm, and the first planting soil layer is backfilled into a 6% stepwise stepped slope; Step 5: plant green vegetation on the slope of the first planting soil layer described in step 4. and the following construction steps for steep slopes of 8°-15°: Step Ⅰ: Excavate and transform the entire original slope, with an excavation depth of 700mm-1300mm, and excavate several energy-dissipating ditches at intervals along the slope laterally, the excavation depth of the energy-dissipating ditches exceeds the original slope as a whole Excavation depth, and fixed energy dissipation piles are vertically arranged in the energy dissipation ditch, and perforated drainage pipes are laid along the bottom of the ditch; Step II: For the area other than the energy dissipation ditch, a second gravel layer is laid on the slope after step I excavation and transformation, the thickness of the second gravel layer is 250mm-300mm, and in the second gravel layer laying a second perforated drainage pipe along the direction of water flow; Step III: laying a second coarse sand layer on the slope of the second gravel layer described in step II for the area other than the energy dissipation ditch, and the thickness of the second coarse sand layer is 250 mm; Step Ⅳ: For the area other than the energy dissipation ditch, backfill on the coarse sand layer described in step Ⅲ and compact the second planting soil layer, the backfill thickness is 200mm-700mm; Step Ⅴ: planting green vegetation on the slope of the second planting soil layer described in step Ⅳ. 5. A method for constructing a sponge green space suitable for mountain terrain as claimed in claim 4, wherein the width of the energy dissipation ditch is not less than 400mm.