CN106836114B - For eliminating the administering method of rural area type black and odorous water - Google Patents
For eliminating the administering method of rural area type black and odorous water Download PDFInfo
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- CN106836114B CN106836114B CN201710015040.7A CN201710015040A CN106836114B CN 106836114 B CN106836114 B CN 106836114B CN 201710015040 A CN201710015040 A CN 201710015040A CN 106836114 B CN106836114 B CN 106836114B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/001—Upstream control, i.e. monitoring for predictive control
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The administering method that the invention discloses a kind of for eliminating rural area type black and odorous water includes that basin is divided into several control units；Calculate each control unit enter that river load, river be endogenous and basin enters river load total amount, the endogenous total amount in river, wherein it is described enter river load include into river industry point source load and entering the sum of river agricultural area source load；Calculate the environmental capacity of water of each control unit and the water environment total capacity in basin；The pollutional load for calculating each control unit drafts reduction and the pollutional load in basin drafts reduction total amount；Implement control source emission reduction engineering；Implement the operational management of basin wisdom water utilities and ensures engineering.The present invention is using Typical Rural regional industry point source, agricultural area source, river endogenous pollution as key element, implement control source respectively with the smallest economic input and cut dirty, agricultural synthesis prevention and control and river ecosystem building engineering, realizes that region black and odorous water is eliminated and develop in harmony with modern work, agricultural.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water pollution controls and rural ecological Treatment process field, and in particular to one kind is for eliminating rural area area
The administering method of domain black and odorous water.
Background technique
Past 30 Years, the intensive Agriculture Production Modes in China are solving that account for the world total using accounting for the world 9% and plough successfully
The food problem of 1,300,000,000 compatriots of population 20% is also paid while brilliant to realization grain yield in 2013 " ten even increase "
High cost：Between 30 years, chemical fertilizer, pesticide dosage are risen progressively for this, the wastes such as excrement of animals, stalk increase severely, have resulted in rural area and
The serious problems such as extensive pollution of area source and the soil fertility decline in farmland.According to the national Pollutant source investigation knot of first time in 2010
Fruit, the COD (COD) of agricultural pollution source emission account for 43.7% (13,240,000 tons) of national total emission volumn；Farmland discharge
Nitrogen, phosphorus account for 57.2% and 67.4% (2,700,000 tons and 280,000 tons) of total amount respectively；Heavy metals emission is concentrated mainly on copper 2452
Ton, 4862 tons of zinc.These area source pollutants enter water body environment by way of rainwash and underground leakage, are water body richness battalion
The most important pollution sources of feedingization and underground water pollution.At the same time, with during urban development part industrial enterprise move outside
To rural areas, the situation of agricultural area source and the common Polluted area water body of industrial point source, black and odorous water shape are formed in rural areas
Condition is equally prominent.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is a kind of for eliminating the administering method of rural area type black and odorous water it is an object of the invention to propose, with
Eliminate black and odorous water.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the administering method provided by the present invention for eliminating rural area type black and odorous water includes following step
Suddenly：
Basin is divided into several control units；
Calculate each control unit enter that river load, river be endogenous and basin to enter river load total amount, river endogenous total
Amount, wherein it is described enter river load include into river industry point source load and entering the sum of river agricultural area source load；
Calculate the environmental capacity of water of each control unit and the water environment total capacity in basin；
The pollutional load for calculating each control unit drafts reduction and the pollutional load in basin drafts reduction total amount；
Implement control source emission reduction engineering；
Implement the operational management of basin wisdom water utilities and ensures engineering；
Index by the COD of above step realization water body, ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and river discharge is up to standard.
In some embodiments of the invention, the control source emission reduction engineering is using basin total amount of pollutants discharge abatement scheme as core
The heart is implemented to realize control source Mitigation options respectively in terms of industrial point source, agricultural area source, endogenous three of river, implements industrial point source
It controls engineering, agricultural area source comprehensively control engineering, endogenous pollution and controls engineering.
In some embodiments of the invention, described the step of basin is divided into several control units, includes：
According to watershed management main body, water system planning, analysis and stream Process of Confluence is produced, determining influences water quality of river
Analysis region division is several control units by analysis region.
In some embodiments of the invention, the water environment of the environmental capacity of water for calculating each control unit and basin
In the step of total capacity, the environmental capacity of water of each control unit is calculated using model evaluation method, calculation method is as follows：
Wherein, CsFor water quality objective, C0For section initial concentration, Q0For river discharge, u is mean flow rate, and K is comprehensive drop
Coefficient is solved, X is m-th of distance of the pollution sources away from control section, qmFor the flow of m-th of pollution sources；I is total of pollution sources
Number；Generally, NH3-N degradation coefficient is 0.5, and COD degradation coefficient is 0.3.
In some embodiments of the invention, reduction and stream are drafted in the pollutional load for calculating each control unit
The pollutional load in domain was drafted in the step of cutting down total amount, and it is single to subtract each control by the pollutional load total amount of each control unit
The pollutional load that the environmental capacity of water of member obtains each control unit drafts reduction.
In some embodiments of the invention, reduction and stream are drafted in the pollutional load for calculating each control unit
The pollutional load in domain was drafted in the step of cutting down total amount, and the pollutional load being calculated is drafted and cuts down total amount multiplied by safety system
Number drafts reduction total amount as final pollutional load, and the safety coefficient is 115-120%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the industrial point source control engineering is with the in line control of basin industry point source sewage
For target, bond area industrial enterprise distribution situation, the building of adaptation to local conditions cuts dirty pipe network and trade effluent is passed through branch, trunk
Network, which is all collected, enters pipe network system, and collection sewage enters sewage treatment plant and centrally disposes；
Agricultural area source comprehensively control engineering：The engineering includes domestic sewage in rural areas source abatement engineering, the farmland end Mian Yuan
Ecological Control engineering and rural garbage handling project three classes measure：Cut down engineering with rural area and the side of bordering on the river in domestic sewage in rural areas source
Remote rural area is control target, wet to Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation irrigation canals and ditches in countryside sewage treating implementation dry pail latrine transformation of bordering on the river, village and the village pool Wai Ku
Ground purifies the tertiary treatment system combined；To the control by the way of scattering sewage treatment measure of outlying water and treat agricultural waste
System ensures that sewage on-site elimination does not import river system；The farmland end Mian Yuan Ecological Control engineering is with nitrogen during agricultural planting
Phosphorus control is target, subtracts source-interception-by Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied control, applying organic manure and the building of agricultural ecological irrigation canals and ditches Construction Measures
Repair integral control system；Rural garbage handling project with village point garbage collection and centralized processing for core, " concentrate by building
Clear+long-acting management " the market promotion ppp operational mode；
Endogenous pollution controls engineering：It is control target with the bed mud that basin river, lake and reservoir are deposited, carries out bed mud dredging and nothing
Evilization handling project needs assessment heavy metal in sludge risk before dredging, the mud field conduct dehydration volume reduction engineering of cleaning is simultaneously right
Heavy metal is fixed using the method for addition heavy metal deactivator there are the mud of heavy metal risk and eliminates its ecological risk.
In some embodiments of the invention, Ecology health reconstruction engineering is to construct waters Health- Ecosystem as mesh
Mark has the surface low of purification function, subsurface flow wetland system in river, lake and reservoir and the built-in setting tool of the green line of two sides range, plays to dirt
Filtering, absorption, the effect of plant absorption and microorganism decomposition of object are contaminated, the library-pool-wetland and ecological management engineering can realize pollution
The ability of load abatement 5-10%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the basin wisdom water utilities operational management and guarantee engineering pass through water environment and supervise
The foundation of the long-acting control scheme in basin is completed in the building of survey grid network, intelligent management system and daily maintenance management mode, ensures stream
Domain water environment is stable, landscape function is persistently promoted.
In some embodiments of the invention, until COD, ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and river discharge reach following ginseng
Number requires：
COD<30mg/L；
Ammonia nitrogen<2mg/L；
Dissolved oxygen>5mg/L；
Total nitrogen<5mg/L；
Total phosphorus<1mg/L；
River discharge >=0.4m3/s.
From the above it can be seen that provided by the present invention for eliminate rural areas black and odorous water administering method with allusion quotation
Type rural areas industry point source, agricultural area source, river endogenous pollution are key element, implement to control respectively with the smallest economic input
Dirty, agricultural synthesis prevention and control are cut in source and river ecosystem constructs engineering, are realized that region black and odorous water is eliminated and are assisted with modern work, agricultural
The exhibition of readjusting the distribution.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this hair
Bright further description.
Improvement with completed region of the city black and odorous water cuts dirty, sewage treatment plant with pipe network and proposes mark transformation and river channel ecology dredging
It is that the thinking that core cell is gradually implemented is different from engineerings such as reparations, the improvement of rural areas black and odorous water should be steady from agricultural volume increase
It produces and the long-term needs of water environment safety is set out, core objective is reduced to non-point source pollution loading under the premise of Ensuring Food Safety,
In conjunction with agricultural non-point source pollution own characteristic, the administering method of suitable rural areas black and odorous water is made.
Provided by the present invention for eliminating the administering method of rural areas black and odorous water based on rural areas black and odorous water
Target is wanted, and considers economic input factor, the parameter of every core index is controlled respectively, implements pollution sources control source and water body step by step
Recovery project, to improve the eradicating efficacy of black and odorous water.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the administering method for rural area type elimination black and odorous water provided includes following
Step：
1) basin is divided into several control units
Specifically, river is influenced to determine according to watershed management main body, water system planning, analysis, production stream Process of Confluence
Analysis region division is several control units by the analysis region of flowing water matter.It is general to divide level-one control
Unit 3-5, Two-stage control unit is divided in each level-one control unit, 5-12 is a in total for Two-stage control unit.It will be described
Basin is divided into level-one control unit and Two-stage control unit in favor of entire basin is accurately calculated and accurately controlled, from
And improve the regulation effect of watershed.
2) calculate each control unit enter that river load, river be endogenous and basin to enter river load total amount, river endogenous
Total amount
Each control unit is calculated by sewage draining exit field monitoring and investigation of pollution sources on the basis of space cell divides
Enter endogenous river load, river and the endogenous total amount in river, the endogenous total amount in river.Wherein, enter river load may include into
River industry point source load and enter the sum of river agricultural area source load.It should be noted that the basin enters river load total amount
Refer to each level-one control unit or Two-stage control unit enters the sum of river load.Further, in the present invention, enter river
What load referred to pollutant enters river load, may include that COD enters river load and ammonia nitrogen enters river load.In the present invention
In, the industry point source refers to that big or middle enterprise is transported to apparent sewage draining exit through pipe duct in the large amount of sewage of a small range, described
Agricultural area source refers to the dispersion discharge of a small amount of water pollution of the rural resident and agricultural planting of dispersion over a large area, described endogenous
Refer mainly to mud storage in basin water body.
In this step, can first calculate Two-stage control unit enter river load and river is endogenous, then acquire second-rate
Domain enters the endogenous total amount of river load total amount and river.
3) environmental capacity of water of each control unit and the water environment total capacity in basin are calculated
The environmental carrying capacity refers to each open ended amount of pollutant of control unit under the conditions of the water quality objective of black smelly elimination.
It is alternatively possible to calculate the environmental capacity of water of each control unit using model evaluation method, calculation method is as follows：
Wherein, CsFor water quality objective, C0For section initial concentration, Q0For river discharge, u is mean flow rate, and K is comprehensive drop
Coefficient is solved, X is m-th of distance of the pollution sources away from control section, qmFor the flow of m-th of pollution sources；I is total of pollution sources
Number；Generally, NH3-N degradation coefficient is 0.5, and COD degradation coefficient is 0.3.
4) pollutional load for calculating each control unit drafts reduction and the pollutional load in basin drafts reduction total amount
(enter river industry point source load by the pollutional load total amount of each control unit and enter river agricultural area source load
Summation) environmental capacity of water that subtracts each control unit obtains the pollutional load of each control unit and drafts reduction.
Preferably, be the reliability for ensureing black smelly elimination, eliminate pollution monitoring and load model calculating deviation and its
He is uncertain, need to increase pollutional load and draft reduction total amount, improve the safety coefficient of water quality objective, can calculate above-mentioned
To pollutional load draft cut down total amount multiplied by safety coefficient, draft reduction total amount as final pollutional load.In the present invention
Some embodiments in, which generally can choose as 15-20%, and the above-mentioned pollutional load being calculated is drafted and is cut
Subtract total amount multiplied by 115-120%, draft abatement total amount as finally obtaining, to complete the pollution in each control unit and basin
Load drafts the calculating for cutting down total amount.
5) source emission reduction engineering is controlled
Using basin total amount of pollutants discharge abatement scheme as core, respectively in terms of industrial point source, agricultural area source, endogenous three of river
Implement to realize control source Mitigation options, implements 3 major class engineerings：Industrial point source controls engineering, agricultural area source comprehensively control engineering and river
Road silt harmless and disposal of resources engineering, simultaneously mating flood control safety ensures engineering, ensures the black smelly of basin water body
It eliminates.
In some embodiments of the invention, 1. industrial point source controls engineering：With the in line control of basin industry point source sewage
For target, bond area industrial enterprise distribution situation, the building of adaptation to local conditions cuts dirty pipe network and trade effluent is passed through branch, trunk
Network, which is all collected, enters pipe network system, and collection sewage enters sewage treatment plant and centrally disposes.The arrangement engineering of sewage treatment plant
In terms of 2 should be taken into account, first, the industrial sewage treatment technology based on membrane technology is selected, effluent-disposal standard will improve,
General recommendations selects Beijing terrestrial reference B discharge standard, and the water outlet of sewage plant part is used as the reuse of industrial reuse water；Second, sewage treatment
Factory's construction addressing builds a large-scale wastewater treatment plant it is not recommended that being placed on lower reaches, it is proposed that swims and disperses in basin upper, middle and lower
Small sewage treatment plant is built, can ensure that basin river exists and stablize Water Requirement.This section dirt pipe network building is mentioned with sewage plant
Mark improvement project can realize the ability of industrial point source pollutional load abatement 80-90%, and category disposes with an emphasis engineering.
2. agricultural area source comprehensively control engineering：The engineering includes domestic sewage in rural areas source abatement engineering, farmland face source end
Hold Ecological Control engineering and rural garbage handling project three classes measure：Domestic sewage in rural areas source cut down engineering with border on the river rural area with
Remote villages are control target, to Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation irrigation canals and ditches and the village pool Wai Ku in countryside sewage treating implementation dry pail latrine transformation of bordering on the river, village
The tertiary treatment system that wetland purification combines.To the control by the way of scattering sewage treatment measure of outlying water and treat agricultural waste
System ensures that sewage on-site elimination does not import river system；The farmland end Mian Yuan Ecological Control engineering is with nitrogen during agricultural planting
Phosphorus control is target, subtracts source-interception-by Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied control, applying organic manure and the building of agricultural ecological irrigation canals and ditches Construction Measures
Integral control system is repaired, realizes effective control of agricultural non -point pollution load 50-60%；Rural garbage handling project is with village
Drop point garbage collection and centralized processing are core, the ppp operational mode of the market promotion of building " concentration clear+long-acting management ".
3. endogenous pollution controls engineering：With basin river, lake and reservoir deposit bed mud be control target, carry out bed mud dredging with
Harmlessness disposing engineering needs assessment heavy metal in sludge risk before dredging, it is proposed that bed mud dredging depth about 30-50cm, clearly
The mud field conduct of reason is dehydrated volume reduction engineering and to the side there are the mud of heavy metal risk using addition heavy metal deactivator
Heavy metal is fixed and eliminates its ecological risk by method.
6) Ecology health reconstruction engineering：The engineering to construct waters Health- Ecosystem as target, river, lake and reservoir and
The built-in setting tool of green line range of two sides has the wet land systems such as the surface low of purification function, undercurrent, plays the filtering to pollutant, inhales
The effect of attached, plant absorption and microorganism decomposition, the library-pool-wetland and ecological management engineering can realize that pollutional load cuts down 5-
10% ability.Give prominence to the key points library-pool-wetland engineering in the megathermal period, give full play to the end catharsis of the engineering, realize into
The abatement in situ of river pollutant.
7) operational management of basin wisdom water utilities and guarantee engineering：The engineering passes through monitoring water environment network, intelligent management system
The foundation of the long-acting control scheme in basin is completed in the building of system and daily maintenance management mode, ensures basin water environment stabilization, landscape
Function is persistently promoted.
8) engineering evaluation：COD, ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and the river discharge of water body are realized by above 7 steps
Etc. cores Con trolling index it is up to standard, design parameter control it is as follows：
| Con trolling index title | Con trolling index threshold value |
| COD (COD) | < 30mg/L |
| Ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) | < 2mg/L |
| Dissolved oxygen (D0) | > 5mg/L |
| Total nitrogen | < 5mg/L |
| Total phosphorus | < 1mg/L |
| River discharge | ≥0.4m3/s |
Using the regulation effect for the black and odorous water that method provided by the invention reaches：
1st stage (just effect stage)：
1) water quality of river reaches general landscape water body standard, main water quality indicator overlying water DO >=5；COD≤40mg/L；Ammonia
Nitrogen≤3mg/L.
2) river water security and bare flow are ensured, no rubbish, without floating material substantially eliminates black smelly.
3) transparency is moderate, and shallow water area (depth of water≤1 meter) transparency sees the bottom, and deepwater regions transparency reaches 1 meter or so.
2nd stage (stage up to standard)：
1) water quality of river reaches surface water IV~V class standard, overlying water DO >=5mg/L；COD≤30mg/L；Ammonia nitrogen≤2)
mg/L。
2) river water security and bare flow are ensured, thoroughly eliminates black smelly, river channel ecology landscape is good.
3) water body is limpid, and shallow water area (depth of water≤1 meter) transparency sees the bottom, and deepwater regions transparency reaches 1 meter or more.
3rd stage (consolidation phase)：
1) water quality of river stably reaches surface water IV class standard, overlying water DO >=6mg/L；COD≤30mg/L；Ammonia nitrogen≤
1.5mg/L。
2) river water security and bare flow are ensured, river, lake ecological service function are sound, and ecoscape is graceful.
Embodiment：Changchun mirror water river valley black and odorous water harnessing project (rural area type)
The Changchun river Jing Shui leads to korneforos trip left side level-one tributary for her, tall family's nest fort village to the east of western a kind of jade crow high speed, to the east of
It is collected around the town the Lan Jia shop Xie Jia to the north of the high speed of city, drainage area 73.84km2, the long 18.5km in river, average 5 meters of river width, approach red flag
Reservoir shares 16 Zhigou and imports, river mean inclination 1 ‰, basin gross area 73.84km2, wherein completed region of the city
10.42km2 accounting for the 14.11% of the basin gross area；Farmland 55.64km2, accounts for 75.34%.It is shown according to field monitoring data：It is dry
Flowing water body COD range is 20-120mg/L, and 60% or more monitoring site belongs to bad V class water quality, from top to bottom with tributary along the line
It imports in rising trend.Similar variation tendency is presented in ammonia and nitrogen pollution degree and COD, and main stream range is 0.2-10mg/L, main
To be polluted remittance by tributary on the way is influenced, and is stepped up from upstream to downstream.TN, TP range are respectively 0.69- in the water body of basin
72.1mg/L, 0.353-76.65mg/L, having 80% or more sampling point ratio has been more than V class standard therefore COD, ammonia nitrogen oxygen consumption object
The severe overweight of matter causes full basin oxygen deficit serious, and water body dissolved oxygen deficiency causes the black sediments such as FeS, MnS, produces largely
The odorants such as H2S, mercaptan, ammonia cause the black smelly outstanding problem in full basin, therefore the elimination of mirror water river valley black and odorous water is included in
《Implement water prevention and cure of pollution action plan programme of work in Changchun》.
Specifically, Changchun mirror water flow domain is carried out using the administering method provided by the present invention for eliminating black and odorous water
The elimination of black and odorous water.
One, basin is divided into several control units：According to watershed management main body, water system planning, analysis, production
Stream Process of Confluence influences the analysis region of section water quality to determine.Divide 3 towns control unit He Xin industrial park, middle reaches
Rural areas, the town Lan Jia industrial park, downstream farming region.
Two, calculate basin enter river load total amount and each control unit enter river load total amount：It is divided in control unit
On the basis of, enter river load by what field monitoring and model estimation calculated each control unit.
Enter river industry point source load COD and is concentrated mainly on what Hou Jiazi in the town He Xin industrial area and middle part agricultural zoning was sought
It butchers, the point sources such as plastics recovery, accounts for the 75.74% of basin input quantity.It is defeated that ammonia and nitrogen pollution is concentrated mainly on the town Lan Jia industrial park
Enter, input load accounts for the 67.84% of examination section input quantity, is specifically shown in Table 1.Enter river agricultural area source in time scale, face
Source load is mainly concentrated the wet season, and COD and ammonia nitrogen loading amount are respectively 2044.38 and 95.98t/a.On space scale, enter river surface
Source load is concentrated mainly on farming region and the town Lan Jia industrial park, and COD load is 1941.69t/a；Ammonia nitrogen loading amount is
67.13t/a is specifically shown in Table 2.Endogenous pollution mainly concentrates Hongqi Reservoir, about 5.4 ten thousand m2 of water surface area, accumulation of sludge about 3.24
Ten thousand m3.
The each control unit of table 1 enters river point source load
Table 2 is estimated based on the non-point source pollution loading of control unit
Three, the environmental capacity of water of each control unit and the water environment total capacity in basin are calculated：It calculates in black smelly elimination
The open ended amount of pollutant in the basin under the conditions of water quality objective, using model calculate each control unit environmental capacity of water and
The water environment total capacity (amounting to regional water environmental capacity COD642.17t/a, ammonia nitrogen 34.79t/a) in basin.Each control unit
Environmental capacity of water referring to table 3.
The environmental capacity of water of each control unit of table 3
Four, the pollutional load for calculating each control unit drafts reduction and the pollutional load in basin drafts reduction total amount：
It is subtracted by the pollutional load total amount of each control unit (enter river point source load with enter river surface source load summation) each
The pollutional load that the environmental capacity of water of control unit obtains each control unit drafts reduction.For the water quality for realizing black smelly elimination
Target is computed, and the load of each control unit drafts abatement amount referring to table 4.
The load of each control unit of table 4 drafts abatement amount
Five, source emission reduction engineering is controlled：It is drafted using the pollutional load in basin and cuts down total amount as core, respectively from industrial point source, agriculture
Industry face source, endogenous three aspects in river are implemented to realize control source Mitigation options, implement 3 major class engineerings：Industrial point source controls engineering, agriculture
Industry face source comprehensively control engineering and endogenous pollution control engineering, and simultaneously mating flood control safety ensures engineering, ensure basin water
The black smelly elimination of body, concrete engineering layout are as follows：The improvement of industrial park, which is laid particular emphasis on, cuts that pipe is received in a dirt and sewage treatment proposes mark transformation,
It is main to implement sewage interception along river trunk engineering and close the heart, blue family sewage plant construction project, reach the mother's for eliminating industrial point source；Agricultural
Region lays particular emphasis on the source prevention and control and process control in life in the countryside source, face source, and work is cut down in main domestic sewage in rural areas source of implementing
Journey, the farmland end Mian Yuan Ecological Control engineering and rural garbage handling project realize the control in rural area face source；Downstream Hongqi Reservoir
Endogenous dredging and recycling are then laid particular emphasis on, silt harmless and disposal of resources engineering are implemented.It is final to realize industrial point source, agriculture
Industry face source and endogenous common abatement.
Six, Ecology health reconstruction engineering：It is redeveloped into core with basin water body Ecology health, it is wet to implement library-pool-respectively
Ground multistage water system constructs engineering, finally realizes that the region water body environment presentation clear bank of water is green, there are fish, concrete engineering layout in river river
It is as follows：Engineering is constructed referring initially to library-pool-wetland multistage wet land system, the purpose of the engineering is the water quality of entire mirror water river valley
Promote the recovery with Ecology.Specific engineering measure is to construct three kinds of aquatic ecosystems respectively：Lake and reservoir type wetland, the pool-wetland
System and ecological riparian zone.Ecological riparian zone designed for existing tributary ecological environment is transformed, reduce tributary pollution, it is extensive
Multiple aquatic vegetation.The pool-wet land system utilizes existing pool irrigation canals and ditches, and transformation branch flows into river mouth, forms shallow water-pool wet land system,
4 wet land systems are set in total.Lake and reservoir type wetland designed for using high family's reservoir, Hongqi Reservoir storage capacity and surrounding
Ecology, dredging dilatation, shore bank band restore.
Seven, the operational management of basin wisdom water utilities and guarantee engineering：The engineering passes through monitoring water environment network, intelligent management system
The foundation of the long-acting control scheme in basin is completed in the building of system and daily maintenance management mode, ensures basin water environment stabilization, landscape
Function is persistently promoted.
It can be seen that provided by the present invention for eliminate rural areas black and odorous water administering method with Typical Rural region
Industrial point source, agricultural area source, river endogenous pollution are key element, implement control source respectively with the smallest economic input and cut dirty, agriculture
Industry Synthetical prevention and river ecosystem construct engineering, realize that region black and odorous water is eliminated and develop in harmony with modern work, agricultural.
Those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that：The discussion of any of the above embodiment is exemplary only, not
It is intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including claim) is limited to these examples；Under thinking of the invention, above embodiments
Or it can also be combined between the technical characteristic in different embodiments, and there are different aspects present invention as described above
Many other variations, in order to it is concise they do not provided in details.Therefore, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention,
Any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement for being made etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of for eliminating the administering method of rural area type black and odorous water, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Basin is divided into several control units；
Calculate each control unit enter that river load, river be endogenous and basin enters river load total amount, the endogenous total amount in river,
In, it is described enter river load include into river industry point source load and entering the sum of river agricultural area source load；
Calculate the environmental capacity of water of each control unit and the water environment total capacity in basin；
The pollutional load for calculating each control unit drafts reduction and the pollutional load in basin drafts reduction total amount；
Implement control source emission reduction engineering；
Implement the operational management of basin wisdom water utilities and ensures engineering；
Index by the COD of above step realization water body, ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and river discharge is up to standard；
The control source emission reduction engineering is using basin total amount of pollutants discharge abatement scheme as core, respectively from industrial point source, agricultural area source, river
Endogenous three aspects in road are implemented to realize control source Mitigation options, implement industrial point source control engineering, agricultural area source comprehensively control engineering,
Endogenous pollution controls engineering；
In the step of water environment total capacity in the environmental capacity of water for calculating each control unit and basin, estimated using model
Method calculates the environmental capacity of water of each control unit, and calculation method is as follows：
Wherein, CsFor water quality objective, C0For section initial concentration, Q0For river discharge, u is mean flow rate, and K is comprehensive degradation system
Number, X are m-th of distance of the pollution sources away from control section, qmFor the flow of m-th of pollution sources；I is the total number of pollution sources；One
As, NH3-N degradation coefficient is 0.5, and COD degradation coefficient is 0.3；
Industrial point source controls engineering：With the in line control of basin industry point source sewage for target, bond area industrial enterprise is distributed shape
Condition, the building of adaptation to local conditions, which cuts dirty pipe network and all collects trade effluent by branch, core network, enters pipe network system, collects
Sewage enters sewage treatment plant and centrally disposes；
Agricultural area source comprehensively control engineering：The engineering includes domestic sewage in rural areas source abatement engineering, the farmland end Mian Yuan ecology
Control engineering and rural garbage handling project three classes measure：Cut down engineering with rural area and the outlying agriculture of bordering on the river in domestic sewage in rural areas source
Village is control target, net to Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation irrigation canals and ditches in countryside sewage treating implementation dry pail latrine transformation of bordering on the river, village and the village pool Wai Ku wetland
Change the tertiary treatment system combined；Outlying rural sewage treatment is controlled by the way of scattering sewage treatment measure, is protected
Barrier sewage on-site elimination does not import river system；The farmland end Mian Yuan Ecological Control engineering is controlled with nitrogen phosphorus during agricultural planting
For target, source-interception-reparation one is subtracted by Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied control, applying organic manure and the building of agricultural ecological irrigation canals and ditches Construction Measures
Body networked control systems；Rural garbage handling project with village point garbage collection and centralized processing for core, building " concentration clears+
The ppp operational mode of the market promotion of long-acting management "；
Endogenous pollution controls engineering：With basin river, lake and reservoir deposit bed mud be control target, carry out bed mud dredging with it is innoxious
Handling project, needs assessment heavy metal in sludge risk before dredging, the mud field conduct of cleaning is dehydrated volume reduction engineering and to presence
Heavy metal is fixed using the method for addition heavy metal deactivator and eliminates its ecological risk by the mud of heavy metal risk.
2. according to claim 1 for eliminating the administering method of rural area type black and odorous water, which is characterized in that described to flow
Domain is divided into the step of several control units and includes：
According to watershed management main body, water system planning, analysis and stream Process of Confluence is produced, determines the pollution for influencing water quality of river
Analysis region division is several control units by source distribution region.
3. according to claim 1 for eliminating the administering method of rural area type black and odorous water, which is characterized in that in the meter
The pollutional load for calculating each control unit drafts reduction and the pollutional load in basin was drafted in the step of cutting down total amount, by each
The pollution that the environmental capacity of water that the pollutional load total amount of a control unit subtracts each control unit obtains each control unit is negative
Lotus drafts reduction.
4. according to claim 1 for eliminating the administering method of rural area type black and odorous water, which is characterized in that in the meter
The pollutional load for calculating each control unit drafts reduction and the pollutional load in basin was drafted in the step of cutting down total amount, will calculate
Obtained pollutional load, which is drafted, cuts down total amount multiplied by safety coefficient, drafts reduction total amount, the peace as final pollutional load
Overall coefficient is 115-120%.
5. according to claim 1 for eliminating the administering method of rural area type black and odorous water, which is characterized in that Ecology is strong
Health reconstruction engineering has to construct waters Health- Ecosystem as target in river, lake and reservoir and the built-in setting tool of the green line of two sides range
The surface low of purification function, subsurface flow wetland system play the work to the filtering of pollutant, absorption, plant absorption and microorganism decomposition
With the library-pool-wetland and ecological management engineering can realize the ability that pollutional load cuts down 5-10%.
6. according to claim 1 for eliminating the administering method of rural area type black and odorous water, which is characterized in that the basin
The operational management of wisdom water utilities and guarantee engineering pass through monitoring water environment network, intelligent management system and daily maintenance management mode
The foundation of the long-acting control scheme in basin is completed in building, ensures that basin water environment stabilization, landscape function are persistently promoted.
7. according to claim 1 for eliminating the administering method of rural area type black and odorous water, which is characterized in that until chemistry
Oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and river discharge reach following parameter request：
COD<30mg/L；
Ammonia nitrogen<2mg/L；
Dissolved oxygen > 5mg/L；
Total nitrogen<5mg/L；
Total phosphorus<1mg/L；
River discharge >=0.4m3/s。
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| CN107500474B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2021-04-13 | 武昌理工学院 | Method and system for decentralized collection and treatment of rural domestic sewage |
| CN108821506A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-16 | 广州同康科技发展有限公司 | A kind of rural dispersed sewage disposal system and method |
| CN109081444B (en) * | 2018-07-21 | 2021-06-15 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Method for biologically treating agricultural non-point source pollution |
| CN109828093B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2023-09-08 | 安徽中标环境科技有限公司 | Rural black and odorous water river on-line monitoring base station |
| CN110119900A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-13 | 中建一局华江建设有限公司 | A kind of black and odorous water removing method based on Urban watershed Ecology bearing capacity |
| CN110759480B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-12-14 | 张志芳 | Functional wetland restoration construction method |
| CN111914204B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2023-08-08 | 河海大学 | Water quality treatment method based on target difference of water quality of cross section examined at upstream and downstream of river network |
| CN111912947B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2022-07-29 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Monitoring method and system for determining river basin agricultural non-point source pollution load |
| CN115330261B (en) * | 2022-09-17 | 2023-06-23 | 中韬华胜工程科技有限公司 | Black and odorous river channel ecological comprehensive treatment method based on Internet of things technology |
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