CN106828930A - A kind of captive wind-power electricity generation unmanned plane - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of captive wind-power electricity generation unmanned plane, belong to aviation aircraft design and energy technology field.The present invention is adopted as shoulder-wing configuration, and fuselage is streamlined, and front fuselage is equipped with dynamic power integrated apparatus；Fuselage bottom is set and is tethered at hanging point support, and one end of tether cable is fixed on and is tethered at hanging point support, and the other end is fixed on cable winch.Unmanned plane of the invention carries generator lift-off, and in the air, the wind energy resources that high-altitude can be made full use of abundant, stable makes up the shortcoming that wind generating technology now only utilizes wind energy at limited height above sea level for generating position.The wind-power electricity generation UAS is relatively low compared to conventional wind TRT cost, is not take up fixed-area, is withdrawn when that can not utilize wind energy, economizes the land resource.

Description

A Tethered Wind Power Generation UAV

technical field

The invention relates to the design of a wind power generation unmanned aerial vehicle system adopting a new power generation mode, and belongs to the field of aviation vehicle design and energy technology.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the economy, the supply of fossil energy is becoming more and more tense, and the world's energy structure is undergoing a major transformation, that is, from fossil energy to a sustainable energy system based on renewable energy. Wind energy has become one of the most widely used renewable energy sources due to its cleanness and abundance. According to research, as the height increases, the wind energy reserves increase sharply, and the high-altitude wind energy reserves are much larger than those on the surface. At the same time, compared with the unstable wind environment on the surface, the wind at high altitude is strong and stable. Today's wind power generation equipment is mostly used to capture wind energy close to the ground, mostly composed of fixed wind rotors, towers, etc., which can only realize the conversion of wind energy at fixed locations, resulting in a decline in the effective utilization of wind energy. In addition, the tip of the windmill blade plays a major role in converting wind energy, while more than half of the cost of building a wind turbine is spent on building iron towers and other aspects. The height of the tower is limited, and with the increase of the height of the tower, the construction cost and difficulty will further increase, which limits the utilization of high-altitude wind energy. These reasons lead to the incomplete development and utilization of wind energy resources, and the abundant wind energy resources at high altitudes can hardly be utilized.

How to utilize high-altitude wind energy has become a research hotspot and cutting-edge technology of wind power generation. Because the structural form of traditional wind turbines is highly limited, relevant institutions at home and abroad have conducted research on the use of various aircraft for wind power generation. Foreign companies such as Altaeros and KiteGen have tried to use hot air balloons to carry generators to high altitudes for power generation, or use kites to pull generators on the ground to operate. But they all have problems such as low efficiency of wind energy utilization, excessive weight, and low reliability. If unmanned aerial vehicles with stronger reliability and higher maneuverability can be used, and special flying methods can be used for high-altitude wind power generation, its performance will be improved.

Traditional wind turbines are limited in height and cannot utilize high-altitude wind energy. Existing high-altitude wind power generators, the main power generation method is to use the air resistance of the kite, glider or drag parachute to pull the cable into the air, and drag the ground generator to generate electricity. When the kite, glider or drag parachute reaches a certain height, it is dragged back to a lower altitude and repeat the above process. This method has low aerodynamic efficiency and complicated operation. Based on the above situation, it is necessary to study a new form of high-altitude power generation to improve power generation efficiency and simplify operation.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a tethered wind power generation UAV system, which is mainly realized through the overall layout and flight mode of the wind power generation UAV.

The tethered wind power generation unmanned aerial vehicle provided by the present invention adopts an upper monoplane layout, the fuselage is streamlined, and the front end of the fuselage is equipped with a power-generation integrated device. The power-generation integrated device has two motors and a generator. There are two modes, which can be switched during flight; the bottom of the fuselage is equipped with a mooring anchor point bracket, which is composed of four struts converging, and one end of the mooring cable is fixed at the confluence point of the four struts. The meeting point is located directly below the center of gravity of the UAV; the other end is fixed on the cable winch, which is rotationally connected to the ground base; the plane shape of the wing is trapezoidal, the aspect ratio is 10-15, and the outside of the wing Ailerons are set at the trailing edge; lateral lift-increasing airfoils are set at 1/3 and 2/3 of each wing in the span direction, and the lateral lift-increasing airfoils are perpendicular to the spar and are symmetrical to the upper and lower sides of the wing surface Arrangement, with a sweep angle of about 10°～15°; the tail adopts a cross-shaped tail, and rudders and elevators are set on the vertical tail and the flat tail.

The advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The UAV carries a generator into the air, and the power generation position is in the air, which can make full use of the abundant and stable wind energy resources at high altitudes, and make up for the shortcomings of current wind power generation technology that can only use wind energy at limited altitudes.

(2) A cable winch is installed at the bottom of the mooring cable, and the length of the mooring cable can be changed through the cable winch, which can meet the requirements of the flight height change of the UAV, thereby collecting wind energy at various altitudes.

(3) The UAV adopts an upper monoplane layout and a cross-shaped tail, and a tethered hanging point bracket is designed. This special layout can improve the stability of the UAV when flying in a circular route and reduce the requirements for the control system.

(4) The UAV flies along a circular route. The actual forward flight speed of the UAV is the superposition of the speed of the UAV relative to the ground and the wind speed, which greatly improves the efficiency of wind energy conversion.

(5) The lateral lift-increasing airfoil is set on the wing, which can provide sufficient lateral lift when the UAV flies to the top and bottom of the circular trajectory, so as to ensure the standard level of the flight route, thereby ensuring the wind energy conversion efficiency.

(6) Due to the controllability of the take-off location and take-off time of the UAV, the optimal power generation location and the best power generation time can be selected according to the size of the wind energy resource to maximize the use of wind energy.

(7) The cost of the wind power generation UAV system is lower than that of traditional wind power generation devices.

(8) The small-scale wind power generation UAV does not occupy a fixed area, and can be recovered when there is no available wind energy to save land resources.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the tethered wind power generating UAV of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the mooring cable control of the UAV in the take-off state provided by the present invention.

In the picture:

1. Fuselage; 2. Wing; 3. Lateral lift surface; 4. Aileron; 5. Power-generation integrated device; 6. Vertical tail; 7. Horizontal tail; 8. Rudder; 9. Elevator; 10. Tethered hanging point bracket; 11. Tethered cable; 12. Ground base; 13. Cable winch.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The present invention provides a tethered wind-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, as shown in Figure 1, the unmanned aerial vehicle adopts a single-wing layout, the fuselage 1 is streamlined, and the front end of the fuselage 1 is equipped with a power-generation integrated Device 5, the power-generation integrated device 5 has two modes of motor and generator, which can be switched during flight. Bottom of the fuselage 1 is provided with a mooring hanging point support 10, as shown in Figure 2, the mooring hanging point support 10 is composed of four struts converging, and one end of the mooring cable 11 is fixed at the confluence point of the four struts, and the other end is fixed at the confluence of the four struts. On the cable winch 13, the cable winch 13 is connected in rotation with the ground base 12. The plane shape of the wing 2 is trapezoidal, the aspect ratio is about 10-15, and an aileron 4 is arranged on the outer trailing edge of the wing 2 . 1/3 and 2/3 of each wing 2 in the span direction are provided with lateral lift-increasing airfoils 3 . The tail adopts a cross-shaped empennage, and a rudder 8 and an elevator 9 are arranged on the vertical tail 6 and the flat tail 7 .

The positions of the four struts on the fuselage 1 are respectively: two positions on the left and right wings 2 that are 1/3 half-span length away from the wing root, two positions on the front and rear of the center of gravity on the fuselage, and the distance between the center of gravity and the center of gravity. The distance is an average aerodynamic chord length.

The motor mode refers to that the battery drives the propeller to rotate to generate power for the drone to fly. The generator mode refers to that the propeller is driven by the wind to rotate, and the rotating mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and stored in the battery or transmitted to the ground through the mooring cable 11 . The length of the mooring cable 11 can be adjusted as required, generally according to the cruising height of the drone and the wind energy at different heights.

The tethered wind power generation drone of the present invention can change the length of the tethered cable 11 as the cable winch 13 rotates, thereby realizing the change of the flying height of the drone. During route flight, the UAV is in the downwind area, and the flight route is a circular route with a certain inclination angle to the horizontal plane. The wind energy is converted into gravitational potential energy during the ascending phase, and the gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy during the descending phase. Since the UAV maintains an actual forward speed, the propeller keeps rotating to generate electricity.

Phase 1: take-off phase;

When taking off, the UAV is in the belly-facing attitude, as shown in Figure 2. The UAV carries a spare battery to ensure the power supply during the take-off and landing phase. In this take-off stage, the power-generation integrated device 5 is in the motor mode, and the battery-driven propeller provides upward power, the UAV takes off vertically, and the ground base station continuously lengthens the length of the mooring cable 11, and the UAV is in the mooring cable 11. Under traction, the flying height gradually rises to the appropriate highest point, at which point the UAV has a certain initial kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy.

Phase 2: wind power generation phase;

After the drone reaches a suitable height, the attitude of the drone is changed through the control of the control surface, and it enters a circular trajectory flight. Cut off the battery power supply, enter the unpowered flight mode, the power-generation integrated device 5 switches to the generator mode, and utilizes wind energy to drive the propeller to rotate to generate electricity. The unmanned aerial vehicle stays in the mooring of mooring cable 11, carries out route flight, and route is the circle in inclined plane. At this time, the base station on the ground appropriately retracts and releases the mooring cable 11 according to the position of the UAV, and the UAV realizes a specific flight route under the control of the control surface, and the wind speed acting on the generator is superimposed on the speed of the UAV relative to the ground. Form the actual forward flight speed of the UAV, thereby generating electric energy. Said electrical energy is stored in batteries or transmitted to the ground for storage through mooring cables 11 .

Stage three: landing stage;

When landing, when the UAV flies to the highest point of the track, the state transition is performed. The power-generation integrated device 5 is switched to the motor mode, powered by the battery, and the UAV enters the vertical hovering state through the control of each control surface. Shrink the mooring cable 11, pull the UAV to gradually reduce the height, and finally land.

Claims (4)

1. A tethered wind-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: the unmanned aerial vehicle adopts a single-wing layout, the fuselage is streamlined, and the front end of the fuselage is equipped with a power-generation integrated device, the power- The power generation integrated device has two modes of motor and generator, which can be switched during flight; the bottom of the fuselage is equipped with a tethered hanging point bracket, which is composed of four poles converging, and one end of the tethered cable is fixed on the The other end of the meeting point of the four struts is fixed on the cable winch, which is rotationally connected with the ground base; the plane shape of the wing is trapezoidal, the aspect ratio is 10-15, and the outer trailing edge of the wing is set There are ailerons; 1/3 and 2/3 of the wingspan direction of each wing are provided with lateral lift-increasing airfoils; the tail adopts a cross-shaped tail, and rudders and elevators are arranged on the vertical tail and the flat tail. 2. A tethered wind-powered unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed positions of the four struts are respectively: 1/3 half-wing on the left and right wings from the root of the wing The position of the spread length, the position of the average aerodynamic chord length before and after the center of gravity on the fuselage; the confluence point is directly below the center of gravity of the drone. 3. A tethered wind-powered unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the motor mode refers to the power of the battery-driven propeller to rotate to generate the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the generator mode It means that the propeller is driven by the wind to rotate, and the rotating mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and stored in the battery or transmitted to the ground through a tethered cable. 4. A tethered wind-powered unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: said lateral lift-increasing airfoil is perpendicular to the spar, arranged symmetrically on the upper and lower sides of the wing airfoil, with about 10°～15°sweep angle.