CN106824721B - Production process of automotive upholstery - Google Patents
Production process of automotive upholstery Download PDFInfo
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- CN106824721B CN106824721B CN201710089558.5A CN201710089558A CN106824721B CN 106824721 B CN106824721 B CN 106824721B CN 201710089558 A CN201710089558 A CN 201710089558A CN 106824721 B CN106824721 B CN 106824721B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/02—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/60—Deposition of organic layers from vapour phase
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0218—Pretreatment, e.g. heating the substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/10—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
- B05D3/101—Pretreatment of polymeric substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
- B05D5/065—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects having colour interferences or colour shifts or opalescent looking, flip-flop, two tones
- B05D5/066—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects having colour interferences or colour shifts or opalescent looking, flip-flop, two tones achieved by multilayers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0053—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor combined with a final operation, e.g. shaping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0053—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor combined with a final operation, e.g. shaping
- B29C2045/0079—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor combined with a final operation, e.g. shaping applying a coating or covering
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a production process of automotive upholstery, which comprises the following steps of 1) injection molding; 2) PVD priming paint; 3) performing PVD coating; 4) PVD colored paint; 5) laser engraving; 6) PVD finish paint; the feeding section of the injection molding process is improved, the main improvement is that a series of integrated controllable treatments are carried out on raw materials, the treatment is orderly, the management is convenient, the purity of the raw materials is improved, the drying effect is good, and the injection molding quality of automotive upholstery can be greatly improved through the feeding treatment of the feeding section; in addition, the PVD can make various color effects through the combination with coating, and the PVD itself can plate various colors through the matching among various metal materials; secondly, by combining a PVD technology with a spraying process, sufficient heat is provided for the material to be evaporated in a vacuum environment, the material to be evaporated is evaporated, evaporated particles are gradually deposited on a substrate at a proper temperature to form a film, and the film is plated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production process of an automotive interior trim part.
Background
The automotive interior part is formed by injection molding of engineering plastics serving as a raw material through an injection molding machine, and surface treatment is carried out through water electroplating and the like to achieve the purpose of finished products, the feeding section in the existing injection molding process generally carries out operations such as mixing, impurity removal, material drying and the like on the raw material before feeding, the existing operation mode is dispersed, good management is not easy to carry out by operators, the continuity on the injection molding process is not good enough, and the existing raw material cannot achieve the equivalent adding effect in the adding process of the injection molding machine; secondly, some impurity particles are likely to exist in the existing engineering plastic raw materials, and if the impurity particles cannot be cleaned in time, the melting state of the engineering plastic and the injection molding quality of the injection molding machine are seriously affected, so that the injection molding defective rate is increased; because the good quality of automotive interior spare injection moulding has very big relation with the treatment effect of feed end raw materials, because make the improvement in the aspect of raw materials feeding processing and can improve the quality of moulding plastics of automotive interior spare greatly.
In addition, in the automobile industry, the interior surface treatment mainly comprises spraying and water electroplating, and the bright effect can be achieved only by the water electroplating, but the water electroplating is known to generate a large amount of heavy metal-containing wastewater, and a large amount of capital is required for building a set of wastewater treatment device. With the enhancement of the environmental awareness of the country, the PVD zero-pollution emission advantage will gradually replace water electroplating. The existing PVD (physical vapor deposition) occupies the field only in the electronic and mobile phone industries and cannot be applied to the automobile industry, the PVD performance in the 3C industry cannot meet the standard of the automobile industry, the water electroplating color is single, only the bright and matte effects can be achieved, the use is limited, and the quality of automobile interior parts made by water electroplating is not good enough.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a production process of automotive upholstery, and the invention improves the feeding section of an injection molding process, and the main improvement is that a series of integrated controllable treatments are carried out on raw materials, the treatment is orderly, the management is convenient, the purity of the raw materials is improved, the drying effect is good, and the injection molding quality of the automotive upholstery can be greatly improved through the feeding treatment of the feeding section; the invention adopts the combination of the PVD method and the coating to replace the existing water electroplating process, makes various color effects, has good painting coloring and film coating effects, and the PVD can plate various colors by matching various metal materials, thereby improving the surface treatment quality of the interior trim parts and being more beautiful.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the production process of the automotive interior part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) injection moulding
a. Raw materials: selecting 50 parts of engineering plastic raw materials for injection molding, namely ABS and 50 parts of PC, screening, mixing and removing impurities;
b. and (3) drying: pre-drying the uniformly mixed raw materials at the pre-drying temperature of 90-110 ℃ for 5-6 hours;
c. impurity removal and feeding of a hopper: before use, the hopper is subjected to impurity removal operation, and is fed through the integrated feeding device;
d. melting the transition section: a raw material melting section is arranged between an injection molding part and a feeding part of an injection molding machine, and is divided into four sections for melting, wherein the temperature of the first section is 130-140 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 140-150 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 150-160 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth section is 160-170 ℃;
e. injection molding: filling, pressure maintaining and cooling;
f. demolding: taking out the workpiece;
g. checking the surface quality;
h. cleaning: removing the material at the water taking opening;
i. final inspection, packaging and warehousing;
2) PVD primer
a. Pretreatment: wiping automobile interior trim part materials by using isopropanol to remove surface grease, wherein the wiping process comprises the steps of firstly soaking in isopropanol solution for 5-10 minutes, then wiping the surface of the automobile interior trim part in the soaking process, and cleaning for 2-3 times by using clean water after wiping;
b. preheating: removing water in the automotive upholstery material through preheating operation, wherein the heating speed of the heating temperature is 1.5-2 ℃/min, the temperature is gradually heated to 50-60 ℃, and the water is preserved, dried and evaporated;
c. pretreatment on dry ice: after the preheated automotive upholstery material is gradually cooled to normal temperature, further removing residual grease on the surface of the material through dry ice;
d. spraying a primer: the thickness of the primer coating is controlled to be 15-20um, the spraying environment is controlled at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, and the humidity is 50-70%;
d. heating and leveling: directly heating the surface of the automotive interior part material;
e. and (3) curing: curing conditions are as follows: the energy is 1600-1800mj/cm2, the strength is 120-140mw/cm2, and the paint film can be cured more completely by using a UV curing mode;
3) carrying out PVD coating: the thickness of the coating is controlled between 2-3um, the environment of a coating chamber is controlled at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and the humidity of 40-50%, and the vacuumizing of the PVD equipment can be accelerated by controlling the humidity;
4) PVD colored paint
a. Preheating: the temperature is 60 ℃/3 min;
b. electrostatic dust removal: reciprocating high-voltage electrostatic dust removal is adopted;
c. spraying color paint: the film thickness range is controlled to be 5-8 um;
d. heating and leveling: the heating temperature is 60 ℃/3 min;
e. and (3) curing: curing conditions of energy 900-1000mj/cm2 and strength 150mw/cm 2;
5) laser etching: the automotive upholstery material processed by the steps is firstly positioned on a special positioning tool, and laser energy is controlled;
6) PVD finish paint
a. Electrostatic dust removal: reciprocating high-voltage electrostatic dust removal is adopted;
b. spraying finish paint: the film thickness range is controlled to be 10-15um, the spraying environment is controlled, the temperature is 20-25 ℃, and the humidity is 50-70%;
c. heating and leveling: the heating temperature is 60 ℃/3 min;
d. and (3) curing: curing conditions are as follows: energy of 1500-1700mj/cm2, strength of 120-150mw/cm2.
Preferably, integration feed arrangement includes equivalent feeding section, screening edulcoration section, compounding section and dries by the fire the material section, equivalent feeding section, screening edulcoration section, compounding section and dry by the fire the material section from the top down sets gradually in a raw materials preliminary treatment section of thick bamboo.
Preferably, the equivalent feeding section comprises two feeding hoppers arranged in the equivalent feeding section, the two feeding hoppers are horizontally arranged, an equivalent rotary feeder is arranged in each feeding hopper, and a feeding pipe is arranged at the upper end of one equivalent rotary feeder; every the glassware all includes the rotation axis and sets up under the equivalent rotation epaxial equivalent storage tank of round, every all be equipped with the feed inlet on the equivalent blown down tank, the rotation axis passes through the motor and drives the rotation, at every set up a magnet layer on the feeder hopper inner wall.
Preferably, the screening and impurity removing section comprises a square magnet net rack and a moving mechanism, and the square magnet net rack is movably arranged on the moving mechanism; the square magnet net rack is of a hollow structure, the moving mechanism comprises two moving plates arranged in the square magnet net rack, a sliding rail is arranged on each moving plate, two fixing plates which are arranged in parallel are arranged at the bottom of the square magnet net rack, the two fixing plates are connected with the sliding rail in a sliding mode, and a sealing plate is arranged at the outer end of the square magnet net rack.
Preferably, the material mixing section comprises a material mixing bin and a stirrer, the stirrer penetrates through the square magnet net rack and extends to the upper end of the raw material pretreatment barrel, and an opening-closing type blanking material stopper is arranged at the bottom end of the material mixing bin.
As preferred, it includes the storehouse of drying by the fire and sets up the round infrared heating pipe on the storehouse inner wall to dry by the fire the lower extreme in storehouse also is equipped with open-close type unloading striker stopper, open-close type unloading striker stopper includes open-close plate and sets up on the raw materials preliminary treatment section of thick bamboo inner wall and with the groove that opens and shuts that open-close plate magnetism is connected.
Preferably, the preheating operation is performed by an infrared heating method, and the far infrared heating method is performed by placing the automotive interior material in a cylindrical infrared heating device.
Preferably, the cylindrical infrared heating device comprises a heating cylinder and a heat insulation layer, a transition cavity is arranged between the heat insulation layer and the heating cylinder, an upper end cover body with a feeding opening is integrally processed at the upper end of the heating cylinder, a circle of circularly arranged infrared heating pipes are arranged between the upper end cover body and the bottom surface of the heating cylinder, and automotive interior trim part materials are placed in the circle for rotary heating.
Preferably, an adjustable sealing cover body is further arranged on the upper end cover body, the adjustable sealing cover body comprises a left cover body and a right cover body which are identical in structure, the left cover body and the right cover body are both rotatably connected to the adjustable sealing cover body, semicircular feed ports are formed in the center positions of the left cover body and the right cover body, the two semicircular feed ports form an integral feed port of the automotive interior trim part, and a sealing ring is hermetically arranged in each semicircular feed port; and the joint surfaces of the left cover body and the right cover body are respectively provided with magnetic plates which attract each other.
Preferably, a layer of heat reflection film is arranged on the inner surface of the heating cylinder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: firstly, the invention improves the feeding end of the injection molding process, improves the existing simple feeding hopper into a raw material pretreatment cylinder, and arranges an equivalent feeding section, a screening and impurity removing section, a mixing section and a material drying section in the raw material pretreatment cylinder; the raw materials can be directly mixed and dried after impurity removal, so that the moisture in the raw materials is removed, and the effect of a melting section is ensured; the PVD can make various color effects through the combination with coating, and the PVD itself can plate various colors through the matching among various metal materials; secondly, by combining a PVD technology with a spraying process, sufficient heat is provided for the material to be evaporated in a vacuum environment, the material to be evaporated is evaporated, evaporated particles are gradually deposited on a substrate at a proper temperature to form a film, and the film is plated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated feeding device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic right view of the integrated feeding device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a cylindrical infrared heating apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a cylindrical infrared heating apparatus according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-raw material pretreatment cylinder, 2-feed hopper, 3-equivalent rotary feeder, 4-feed pipe, 5-equivalent storage tank, 6-feed inlet, 7-rotating shaft, 8-magnet layer, 9-square magnet net rack, 11-slide rail, 13-sealing plate, 14-mixing bin, 15-stirrer, 16-open-close type feeding material stopper, 17-infrared heating pipe, 18-open-close plate, 19-open-close groove, 20-ring, 21-pulley; 101-heating cylinder, 102-insulating layer, 103-cold air pipeline, 104-infrared heating pipe, 105-feeding opening, 106-upper end cover body, 107-left cover body, 108-right cover body, 109-magnetic plate, 1010-sealing ring, 1011-semicircular feeding hole and 1012-heat reflection film.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Example (b): the production process of the automotive interior trim part comprises the following steps:
1) raw materials: selecting 50 parts of engineering plastic raw materials for injection molding, namely ABS and 50 parts of PC, screening, mixing and removing impurities;
2) and (3) drying: pre-drying the uniformly mixed raw materials at the pre-drying temperature of 90-110 ℃ for 5-6 hours;
3) removing impurities from a hopper: before use, the hopper is subjected to impurity removal operation;
4) feeding: feeding through an integrated feeding device;
the integrated feeding device disclosed by the invention and shown by the attached figures 2-3 comprises an equivalent feeding section, a screening and impurity removing section, a mixing section and a drying section, wherein the equivalent feeding section, the screening and impurity removing section, the mixing section and the drying section are sequentially arranged in a raw material pretreatment cylinder 1 from top to bottom; the equivalent feeding section comprises two feeding hoppers 2 arranged in the equivalent feeding section, the two feeding hoppers 2 are horizontally arranged, an equivalent rotary feeder 3 is arranged in each feeding hopper 2, and a feeding pipe 4 is arranged at the upper end of one equivalent rotary feeder 3; each equivalent rotary feeder 3 comprises a rotating shaft 7 and a circle of equivalent storage tanks 5 arranged on the rotating shaft 7, the cross sections of the equivalent storage tanks 5 are of an oval structure, each equivalent discharge tank is provided with a feed inlet 6, the rotating shaft 7 is driven by a motor to rotate, and a magnet layer 8 is arranged on the inner wall of each feed hopper 2; the invention has the advantages that the raw materials finish equivalent feeding and preliminary screening functions in an equivalent feeding section, the rotating speed of a motor is set, the process is the combination of two engineering plastics, the cost of the combined two engineering plastics is lower than that of the single raw material, and the quality of the produced automotive interior trim parts is not reduced compared with the quality of the produced single raw material, according to the addition of the two raw materials, two feeding hoppers 2 are arranged, a rotating shaft 7 is arranged in the feeding hoppers 2, the rotating shaft 7 synchronously rotates under the driving of the motor, the motor is not shown in the drawing, when a feeding port 6 of one equivalent discharging groove rotates to the uppermost end and corresponds to a discharging port of a feeding pipe 4, the discharging port starts to discharge materials, when the discharging port is full, the discharging port stops discharging materials, the rotating shaft 7 starts to rotate clockwise, the discharging is performed in the downward rotating process, the equivalent raw materials can be discharged from the discharging port below the feeding hoppers 2, in the blanking process, granular raw materials can be dispersed, and the impurity removal operation of iron-containing impurities in the raw materials can be preliminarily realized by arranging the magnet layer 8 on the inner wall of the feed hopper 2;
the screening and impurity removing section comprises a square magnet net rack 9 and a moving mechanism, and the square magnet net rack 9 is movably arranged on the moving mechanism; the square magnet net rack 9 is of a hollow structure, the moving mechanism comprises two built-in moving plates, each moving plate is provided with a sliding rail 11, the bottom of the square magnet net rack 9 is provided with two parallel fixed plates, the two fixed plates are in sliding connection with one sliding rail 11 through pulleys 21, the fixed plates are arranged between the pulleys 21 and the bottom of the square magnet net rack 9, and the outer end of the square magnet net rack 9 is provided with a sealing plate 13; the purpose of arranging the screening and impurity removing section is to comprehensively and thoroughly complete impurity removing operation on raw materials, and in order to realize better and more convenient operation and more convenient regular cleaning of the square magnet net rack 9, the square magnet net rack 9 is arranged in a push-pull mode, the end part of the square magnet net rack 9 is sealed by the sealing plate 13 to prevent external dust from entering, when the impurity is removed, raw materials which are fed equivalently through the feed hopper 2 are screened and subjected to the magnet impurity removing through the upper layer and the lower layer of the square magnet net rack 9, the effect is obvious, the square magnet net rack 9 is pulled out after the impurity removal is finished, and the handle is arranged on the sealing plate 13 to clean the square magnet net rack 9;
the mixing section comprises a mixing bin 14 and a stirrer 15, the stirrer 15 penetrates through the square magnet net rack 9 and extends to the upper end of the raw material pretreatment cylinder 1, and an open-close type blanking material stopper 16 is arranged at the bottom end of the mixing bin 14; the material drying section comprises a material drying bin and a circle of infrared heating pipes 17 arranged on the inner wall of the material drying bin, and the lower end of the material drying bin is also provided with the open-close type blanking material stopper 16; the open-close type blanking material stopper 16 comprises an open-close plate 18 and an open-close groove 19 which is arranged on the inner wall of the raw material pretreatment cylinder 1 and is magnetically connected with the open-close plate 18; a circle of circular rings 20 with the width of 4-5cm is arranged in the drying bin, the circular rings are arranged up and down, a circle of infrared heating pipes 17 are arranged between the upper circular ring 20 and the lower circular ring 20, materials can be mixed and then dried more uniformly, the drying effect is good, the water evaporation is fast, and the quality of subsequent injection molding is ensured;
5) melting the transition section: a raw material melting section is arranged between an injection molding part and a feeding part of an injection molding machine, and is divided into four sections for melting, wherein the temperature of the first section is 130-140 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 140-150 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 150-160 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth section is 160-170 ℃;
6) injection molding: filling, pressure maintaining and cooling;
filling is the first step in the whole injection molding cycle process, and the molten plastic is filled into the mold cavity by adopting a high-speed filling method;
the pressure maintaining function is to continuously apply pressure, compact the melt and increase the density of the plastic (densification) to compensate the shrinkage behavior of the plastic, and the pressure maintaining pressure is set to be 60-80MPa according to the melting state and the filling effect of the four stages;
the cooling is that the automotive upholstery needs to be cooled, solidified and molded after being injected and molded in the cavity, so the invention adopts the cooling water pipeline arranged in the mold, the water in the cooling water pipeline circularly flows to the cooling water system, and the speed of the cooling water flow is firstly fast and then slow;
7) demolding: taking out the cooled workpiece;
8) checking the surface quality;
9) cleaning: removing the material at the water taking opening;
10) final inspection, packaging and warehousing;
2) PVD primer
a. Pretreatment: wiping automobile interior trim part materials by using isopropanol to remove surface grease, wherein the wiping process comprises the steps of firstly soaking in isopropanol solution for 5-10 minutes, then wiping the surface of the automobile interior trim part in the soaking process, and cleaning for 2-3 times by using clean water after wiping;
b. preheating: the material can absorb moisture in the air due to long-time storage, the moisture in the automotive interior material is removed through preheating operation, the heating speed of the heating temperature is 1.5-2 ℃/min, the temperature is gradually heated to 50-60 ℃, and the moisture is preserved, dried and evaporated;
c. pretreatment on dry ice: after the preheated automotive upholstery material is gradually cooled to normal temperature, grease remained on the surface of the material is further removed through dry ice, the grease remained on the material is more effectively removed, and the product performance is ensured;
d. spraying a primer: the coating thickness can be better ensured by using a manipulator for spraying, the thickness of the primer coating is controlled to be 15-20um, the spraying environment is at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, and the humidity is 50-70%;
d. heating and leveling: the surface of the automotive interior part material is directly heated, and the surface of the workpiece is directly heated by using a far infrared heating mode, so that the surface temperature uniformity of the workpiece can be better ensured compared with the traditional heated air circulation, and the leveling uniformity of a paint wet film is ensured;
e. and (3) curing: curing conditions are as follows: the energy is 1600-1800mj/cm2, the strength is 120-140mw/cm2, a paint film can be cured more thoroughly by using a UV curing mode, the curing condition is controlled within a range, the paint film is embrittled due to overhigh energy and can not be cured completely due to overlow energy, the vacuumizing time is long in the plating process, the paint can not be deeply penetrated and cured due to high strength, the paint is easy to penetrate due to high strength, the material is damaged, and the PVD performance is easy to reduce due to poor control of the above conditions;
3) carrying out PVD coating: the thickness of the coating is controlled between 2-3um, and the coating belongs to metal and has different ductility from the coating, so that the coating can reach a balance point with a paint film coating in the range; the temperature of the coating chamber environment is 20-25 ℃, the humidity is 40-50%, the vacuum pumping of PVD equipment can be accelerated by controlling the humidity, and because the coating belongs to metal, the temperature difference of the environment is easy to cause the generation of vapor on the surface of the coating and cause poor performance, the temperature must be consistent with the surrounding environment and is kept at 20-25 ℃;
4) PVD colored paint
a. Preheating: by adopting a far infrared heating mode, the temperature is 60 ℃/3min, the residual water vapor on the surface coating of the workpiece can be effectively removed, and if water vapor exists on the surface of the workpiece, the product performance can be directly reduced, and the binding force is reduced;
b. electrostatic dust removal: reciprocating high-voltage electrostatic dust removal is adopted, so that dead corners are avoided, and the product percent of pass is improved;
c. spraying color paint: the mechanical arm is adopted for spraying, the thickness of a paint film is uniform, the range of the film thickness is controlled to be 5-8um, the PVD is easily covered due to the high film thickness, and the effect of reflecting the PVD cannot be achieved;
d. heating and leveling: an IR heating mode, namely a far infrared heating mode is adopted, so that the surface of the workpiece is heated more uniformly, the leveling effect is good, no color difference exists, and the heating temperature is 60 ℃/3 min;
e. and (3) curing: the curing condition energy is 900-1000mj/cm2, the strength is 150mw/cm2, the film layer is thin and the energy is cured, and the paint film layer is ensured not to change color;
5) laser etching: the automotive upholstery material processed through the steps is firstly positioned on a special positioning tool, and the consistency of a carved product is guaranteed; controlling laser energy by using a laser etching machine to perform laser etching, wherein the laser etching speed is 3200-3500 mm/s;
6) PVD finish paint
a. Electrostatic dust removal: the reciprocating high-voltage electrostatic dust collection is adopted, so that dead corners are avoided, the dust collection effect is good, and the product percent of pass is further improved;
b. spraying finish paint: spraying by a manipulator, so that the thickness of a paint film is uniform, the film thickness range is controlled to be 10-15 mu m, the spraying environment is at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, and the humidity is 50-70%;
c. heating and leveling: an IR heating mode is adopted, so that the surface of the workpiece is heated more uniformly, and the heating temperature is 60 ℃/3 min;
d. and (3) curing: curing conditions are as follows: the energy is 1500-1700mj/cm2, the strength is 120-150mw/cm2, a paint film is cured more thoroughly by using a UV curing mode, the curing condition is controlled within a range, the paint film is embrittled due to overhigh energy, the paint film cannot be cured completely due to overlow energy, the paint cannot be deeply penetrated and cured due to low energy, the paint is easy to penetrate due to high strength, the material is damaged, and the PVD performance is easy to reduce due to poor control of the above conditions;
referring to fig. 4-5, in the present invention, the "preheating" operation is performed by an infrared heating method, and the far infrared heating method is performed by placing the automotive interior material in a cylindrical infrared heating device; the cylindrical infrared heating equipment comprises a heating cylinder 101 and an insulating layer 102, a transition cavity is arranged between the insulating layer 102 and the heating cylinder 101, an upper end cover body 106 with a feeding opening 105 is integrally processed at the upper end of the heating cylinder 101, a circle of circularly arranged infrared heating pipes 104 are arranged between the upper end cover body 106 and the bottom surface of the heating cylinder 101, and automotive interior trim part materials are placed in the circle for rotary heating; an adjustable sealing cover body is further arranged on the upper end cover body 106, the adjustable sealing cover body comprises a left cover body 107 and a right cover body 108 which are identical in structure, the left cover body 107 and the right cover body 108 are both rotatably connected to the adjustable sealing cover body through rotating shafts, a semicircular feed port 1011 is formed in the center positions of the left cover body 107 and the right cover body 108, the two semicircular feed ports 1011 form an integral feed port of the automotive interior trim part, and a sealing ring 1010 is hermetically arranged in each semicircular feed port 1011; the combination surfaces of the left cover body and the right cover body are respectively provided with a magnetic plate 109 which are attracted, the inner surface of the heating cylinder is provided with a layer of heat reflection film 1012 before heating, the automotive interior part is transferred into the heating cylinder 101 through the feed opening 105 by a lifting hook, the left cover body 107 and the right cover body 108 are matched with each other by rotating the rotating shaft, the left cover body 107 and the right cover body 108 are quickly positioned and tightly matched with each other in the matching process according to the principle of magnetic attraction, the sealing ring 1010 is hermetically connected with the lifting hook part for hanging the automotive interior part, the heat is prevented from being dissipated outwards, energy is saved, secondly, the automobile interior part heat preservation device is further provided with a heat preservation layer 102, the upper end of the heat preservation layer 102 is provided with a cold air pipeline 103, a transition cavity is formed between the heat preservation layer 102 and the heating cylinder 101, the transition cavity can preserve heat.
The invention adopts PVD equipment, carries out process operation in a PVD vacuum environment, is completely different from the existing water electroplating process, and the product developed by the process of the invention passes all the PVD interior decoration test requirements of SGM.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The production process of the automotive interior part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) injection moulding
a. Raw materials: selecting 50 parts of engineering plastic raw materials for injection molding, namely ABS and 50 parts of PC, screening, mixing and removing impurities;
b. and (3) drying: pre-drying the uniformly mixed raw materials at the pre-drying temperature of 90-110 ℃ for 5-6 hours;
c. impurity removal and feeding of a hopper: before use, the hopper is subjected to impurity removal operation, and is fed through the integrated feeding device;
d. melting the transition section: a raw material melting section is arranged between an injection molding part and a feeding part of an injection molding machine, and is divided into four sections for melting, wherein the temperature of the first section is 130-140 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 140-150 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 150-160 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth section is 160-170 ℃;
e. injection molding: filling, pressure maintaining and cooling;
f. demolding: taking out the workpiece;
g. checking the surface quality;
h. cleaning: removing the material at the water taking opening;
i. final inspection, packaging and warehousing;
2) PVD primer
a. Pretreatment: wiping automobile interior trim part materials by using isopropanol to remove surface grease, soaking the automobile interior trim parts in isopropanol solution for 5-10 minutes in the wiping process, wiping the surfaces of the automobile interior trim parts in the soaking process, and cleaning the automobile interior trim parts for 2-3 times by using clean water after wiping;
b. preheating: removing water in the automotive upholstery material through preheating operation, wherein the heating speed of the heating temperature is 1.5-2 ℃/min, the temperature is gradually heated to 50-60 ℃, and the water is preserved, dried and evaporated;
c. pretreatment on dry ice: after the preheated automotive upholstery material is gradually cooled to normal temperature, further removing residual grease on the surface of the material through dry ice;
d. spraying a primer: the film thickness of the primer coating is controlled between 15 and 20
Spraying environment, temperature 20-25 deg.C, humidity 50-70%;
d. heating and leveling: directly heating the surface of the automotive interior part material;
e. and (3) curing: curing conditions are as follows: energy is 1600-1800mj/cm2Strength of 120-140mw/cm2The paint film can be cured more thoroughly by using a UV curing mode;
3) carrying out PVD coating: the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 2-3
The temperature of the coating chamber environment is 20-25 ℃, the humidity is 40-50%, and the vacuumizing of the PVD equipment can be accelerated by controlling the humidity;
4) PVD colored paint
a. Preheating: the temperature is 60 ℃/3 min;
b. electrostatic dust removal: reciprocating high-voltage electrostatic dust removal is adopted;
c. spraying color paint: the film thickness is controlled within the range of 5-8
；
d. Heating and leveling: the heating temperature is 60 ℃/3 min;
e. and (3) curing: curing condition energy is 900-1000mj/cm2Strength 150mw/cm2；
5) Laser etching: the automotive upholstery material processed by the steps is firstly positioned on a special positioning tool, and laser energy is controlled;
6) PVD finish paint
a. Electrostatic dust removal: reciprocating high-voltage electrostatic dust removal is adopted;
b. spraying finish paint: the film thickness range is controlled to be 10-15
Spraying environment, temperature 20-25 deg.C, humidity 50-70%;
c. heating and leveling: the heating temperature is 60 ℃/3 min;
d. and (3) curing: curing conditions are as follows: energy is 1500-1700mj/cm2Strength of 120-150mw/cm2The paint film is cured more thoroughly by using a UV curing mode;
the preheating operation is heated by adopting an infrared heating method, and automotive interior trim part materials are placed in cylindrical infrared heating equipment for heating operation;
the cylindrical infrared heating equipment comprises a heating cylinder and a heat-insulating layer, a transition cavity is arranged between the heat-insulating layer and the heating cylinder, an upper end cover body with a feeding opening is integrally processed at the upper end of the heating cylinder, a circle of circularly arranged infrared heating pipes are arranged between the upper end cover body and the bottom surface of the heating cylinder, and automotive interior trim part materials are placed in the circle for rotary heating;
an adjustable sealing cover body is further arranged on the upper end cover body and comprises a left cover body and a right cover body which are identical in structure, the left cover body and the right cover body are rotatably connected onto the adjustable sealing cover body, semicircular feed ports are formed in the center positions of the left cover body and the right cover body, the two semicircular feed ports form an integral feed port of the automotive interior trim part, and a sealing ring is hermetically arranged in each semicircular feed port; the joint surfaces of the left cover body and the right cover body are respectively provided with magnetic plates which attract each other;
the inner surface of the heating cylinder is provided with a layer of heat reflection film.
2. The process for producing an automotive interior trim part according to claim 1, wherein: the integrated feeding device comprises an equivalent feeding section, a screening and impurity removing section, a mixing section and a material drying section, wherein the equivalent feeding section, the screening and impurity removing section, the mixing section and the material drying section are sequentially arranged in the raw material pretreatment cylinder from top to bottom;
3. the process for producing an automotive interior trim part according to claim 2, wherein: the equivalent feeding section comprises two feeding hoppers arranged in the equivalent feeding section, the two feeding hoppers are horizontally arranged, an equivalent rotary feeder is arranged in each feeding hopper, and the upper end of one equivalent rotary feeder is provided with a feeding pipe; every the glassware all includes the rotation axis and sets up under the equivalent rotation epaxial round equivalent storage tank, every all be equipped with the feed inlet on the equivalent storage tank, the rotation axis passes through the motor and drives the rotation, at every set up a magnet layer on the feeder hopper inner wall.
4. The process for producing an automotive interior trim part according to claim 2, wherein: the screening and impurity removing section comprises a square magnet net rack and a moving mechanism, and the square magnet net rack is movably arranged on the moving mechanism; the square magnet net rack is of a hollow structure, the moving mechanism comprises two moving plates arranged in the square magnet net rack, a sliding rail is arranged on each moving plate, two fixing plates are arranged at the bottom of the square magnet net rack in parallel, the two fixing plates are connected with the two sliding rails in a sliding mode, and a sealing plate is arranged at the outer end of the square magnet net rack.
5. The process for producing an automotive interior trim part according to claim 2, wherein: the compounding section includes blending bunker and agitator, and the agitator runs through square magnet rack and extends to raw materials preliminary treatment section of thick bamboo upper end blending bunker bottom is equipped with open-close type unloading striker bar.
6. The process for producing an automotive interior trim part according to claim 2, wherein: the material drying section comprises a material drying bin and a circle of infrared heating pipe arranged on the inner wall of the material drying bin, an open-close type blanking material stopper is arranged at the upper end of the material drying bin, and the open-close type blanking material stopper comprises an open-close plate and a groove which is arranged on the inner wall of the raw material pretreatment cylinder and is connected with the open-close plate through magnetism.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111069000A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-28 | 常熟众特汽车饰件有限公司 | Method for spraying multiple colors on automobile thermal sensing indicator |
| CN111604242B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-01-08 | 天津常春汽车技术有限公司 | Manufacturing method of automobile interior and automobile interior manufactured by same |
| CN113306095A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-27 | 嵊州市索奥汽车零部件有限公司 | Preparation process of main shell of camping lamp |
| CN113857019A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Laser etching process for automobile exterior trim |
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Denomination of invention: Production technology of automobile interior parts Effective date of registration: 20210907 Granted publication date: 20201124 Pledgee: Langxi SME Financing Guarantee Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: XUANCHENG TUOXIN PRECISION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021980008901 |
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