CN106818559A - A kind of non-hungry tame and docile food method of Mandarin fish - Google Patents
A kind of non-hungry tame and docile food method of Mandarin fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN106818559A CN106818559A CN201710073175.9A CN201710073175A CN106818559A CN 106818559 A CN106818559 A CN 106818559A CN 201710073175 A CN201710073175 A CN 201710073175A CN 106818559 A CN106818559 A CN 106818559A
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- food
- tame
- mandarin fish
- docile
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of non-hungry tame and docile food method of Mandarin fish.The inventive method include tame and docile food pond (case), sterilization, oxygenation, water quality requirement, put in a suitable place to breed with sterilize and tame and docile eat etc. main contents and step, with method it is simple, tame and docile that the food time is short, to tame and docile food rate high, small to Mandarin fish growth effect the characteristics of, the Mandarin fish of 5 7cm was tamed and dociled food and can start cluster and ingests artificial diet through 45 days, once up to more than 75%, repetition tames and dociles food rate more than 90% to domestication rate.The present invention will change the industry Situation for cultivating Mandarin fish with live bait at present, with huge conversion demand and wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, it is related to a kind of non-hungry tame and docile food side of artifical compound feed of Mandarin fish
Method.
Background technology
Mandarin fish also known as mandarin fish, category mandarin fish section, mandarin fish category, it is widely distributed with China's fresh water rivers and lakes in, species have Mandarin fish,
Spot mandarin fish, Siniperca kneri, dark mandarin fish etc., wherein the most universal with Mandarin fish.Mandarin fish is nutritious, fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, element with
Rare fish are famous, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Zhi and once write " Cisse in front of the mountains egression fly, peach blossom flowing water mandarin fish fertilizer " praise verse.
In the cultivation of China mandarin fish, in addition to a small amount of Siniperca kneri, spot mandarin fish, mainly Mandarin fish.Mandarin fish category is typical fierce
Violent property fish.From the eighties in last century, China different regions have successively started the artificial propagation that mandarin fish is wherein mainly Mandarin fish
With cultivate and grasped artificial breeding technology, 1992 annual productions are up to 3500 tons or so.Through the development in more than 20 years, Mandarin fish is at me
There are cultivation, wherein 2,014 29.3 ten thousand tons of annual productions, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan and Zhejiang in state's major part province
The ground such as river are main culturing area, it has also become one of important emerging aquaculture kind of China.
Mandarin fish is typical predacious fish, in natural water area with fishes and shrimps living be food, it is difficult to tame and docile food.To being at present
Only, cultivation Mandarin fish is substantially all using live bait cultural method, is intended to feed enough and suitable living baits in each cultivation stages.
Therefore, want the supporting agreeable to the taste bait for specially cultivating pool cultivated Mandarin fish in Mandarin fish cultivation, general bait culturing pool with stick up mouth
The ratio between mandarin fish culturing pool is for about 4:1, bait problem turns into the bottleneck that Mandarin fish cultivates sustainable development.
It is one of key technology of breakthrough Mandarin fish artifical compound feed that Mandarin fish tames and dociles food technology and method.Predacious fish
Be typically with first stopping eating the method for progressively taming transition again when food is tamed and dociled, and often the tame and docile food time is more long for this method, and influence is tamed and dociled
Eat object growth and survival rate, not yet have at present mandarin fish carried out under non-starvation tame and docile food report (though mandarin fish tame and docile food
There are some to report, be related to hungry, feed attractant).The present invention uses artifical compound feed under the conditions of not stopping eating to Mandarin fish
Carry out taming and dociling food, breach the key for substituting traditional live bait aquaculture model with mixed feed and tame and docile food technology, establish Mandarin fish and support
Grow the tame and docile food method and technology with the slitless connection between tame and docile food.The present invention has that method is simple, short, domestication rate is high to tame and docile the food time
The characteristics of, the application of patent is significant to China's Mandarin fish aquaculture development, and prospect is very wide.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of non-hungry tame and docile food method of Mandarin fish.
The present invention carries out tame and docile food that is, under the situation do not stopped eating using non-hungry tame and docile food method using artitificial food.
The inventive method include tame and docile food pond (case), sterilization, oxygenation, water quality requirement, put in a suitable place to breed and sterilize and tame and docile food etc. mainly
Content and step, with method it is simple, tame and docile that the food time is short, it is high to tame and docile food rate, it is few to Mandarin fish growth effect the characteristics of, Mandarin fish warp
Tame and docile within 4~5 days food and can start cluster and ingest artificial diet, once domestication rate is up to more than 75%, repeat to tame and docile food rate and exist
More than 90%.
Step (1), tame and docile food pond (case) prepare
Food is tamed and dociled for Mandarin fish, it is unsuitable excessive, preferably with indoor pond or common net cage.
Tank interior shape square or rectangular, 5~10m of area2, pond 1.0~1.2m high, bottom of pond is inclined, if entering
The pipeline of draining；
Net cage size is 3m × 3m × 2m (length × width × height), or 2.5m × 3m × 2m (length × width × height), mesh 1cm,
The support support shaping that net cage bottom is made with network interface surrounding of galvanized pipe or other materials.
Step (2), tame and docile food pond (case) sterilization
Using the sterilization of quick lime formula bleaching powder before putting in a suitable place to breed；
Tame and docile food pond 250-300g/m2Quick lime 10-15g/m2Bleaching powder full pool spilling head sterilization, after 2-3 days injection newly
Water, new water 20mg/L lime disinfections；
Net cage is using preceding use 200-250mg/L lime water soaking disinfections, and 100- is used in every mu of the pond that set supports net cage
150kg lime disinfections.
Step (3), pond (case) oxygenation of tame and docile food
Tame and docile food pond inflator pump oxygenation, one aeration head of every square metre of setting；
Pond aerator and the bottom oxygenation of net cage are set, and every mu of configuration power is 1.0-1.5kw；
Step (4), water quality requirement
Water nonpollution, 25~35cm of transparency, pH value is 7.0~8.5, and dissolved oxygen is more than 5mg/L.
Step (5), put in a suitable place to breed and fry sterilization
Put in a suitable place to breed and tame and docile food, the preferably fry of 5~7cm of specification from the Mandarin fish fry that specification is 4~more than 5cm；
The breeding density of Mandarin fish fry will be properly increased when taming and dociling food, and specification is the fry of 5~7cm, and breeding density is in room
With 300~500 tails/m in interior pond2, 500~800 tails/m in net cage2It is advisable.
When putting in a suitable place to breed, Mandarin fish fry 20mg/L liquor potassic permanganates soak 3~5 minutes sterilizes.
Step (6), tame and docile food
Mandarin fish is fed on the day of putting in a suitable place to breed using live bait, uses the mode that Articial bait making progressively substitutes live bait from next day instead
It is timed fixed point to feed, in the morning 6:00~7:00, afternoon 17:30~18:30 respectively feed once.When tame and docile food, open
Tame and docile food pond (case) bottom oxygenation or inflator pump.
During food is tamed and dociled, bait composition is altered in steps, through the tame and docile food of 4~5 days, Mandarin fish had begun to cluster intake people
Work mixed feed.
Cultivated through 2 weeks or so, the Mandarin fish for having absorbed mixed feed is individual with the Mandarin fish of not yet intake mixed feed big
Small existing notable difference, can now be carried out point foster.The Mandarin fish fry that specification is big, belly is full is filtered out and tames and dociles food pond turn
Enter to cultivating pool or net cage mixed feed and cultivate, small then the taming and dociling again of specification is eaten 5-7 days.Above-mentioned artifical compound feed is powder
Shape feed, main nutrient composition is:Crude protein content 46%-48%, crude fat 5%-7%, coarse ash 16%-17%, it is thick fine
Dimension 1.0%-2%, calcium 2.0%-2.5%, phosphorus 1.5%-1.8%, moisture≤10%, more than 90% powdered granule pass through 80 mesh
Standard screen；Main component is:High-quality fish meal 50%-60%, alphalise starch 15%-20%, fermented bean dregs 10%-15% and other match somebody with somebody
Material and appropriate vitamin, trace mineral supplement etc., soft pellet diet, 2~3mm of particle diameter, grain are made after about 40% water of addition
8~10mm long.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1), using non-hungry tame and docile food method, tame and docile food success rate is high, once tames and dociles food rate up to more than 75% for the method for the present invention, then
Secondary tame and docile food rate is up to more than 90%.
(2) the tame and docile food method of the present invention has no substantial effect on the normal growth of Mandarin fish.The inventive method is not being stopped eating
Under the conditions of carry out tame and docile food, Mandarin fish is completed the conversion of feeding habits under normal feeding state, considerably reduce tame and docile eat to it
The influence for growing and surviving.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further analyzed with reference to specific embodiment.
Example below frequently with artifical compound feed be mash feed, main nutrient composition is:Crude protein content
46%-48%, crude fat 5%-7%, coarse ash 16%-17%, crude fibre 1.0%-2%, calcium 2.0%-2.5%, phosphorus
1.5%-1.8%, moisture≤10%, more than 90% powdered granule passes through 80 mesh standard sieves；Main component is:High-quality fish meal
50%-60%, alphalise starch 15%-20%, fermented bean dregs 10%-15% and other dispensings and appropriate vitamin, trace element
Additive etc., soft pellet diet, 2~3mm of particle diameter, 8~10mm of grain length are made after about 40% water of addition.
Embodiment 1.
Step (1), tame and docile food pond prepare
Tank interior shape square or rectangular, 5~10m of area2, pond 1.0~1.2m high, bottom of pond is inclined, if entering
The pipeline of draining；
Step (2), the sterilization of tame and docile food pond
Tame and docile food pond 250-300g/m2Quick lime 10-15g/m2Bleaching powder full pool spilling head sterilization, after 2-3 days injection newly
Water, new water 20mg/L lime disinfections；
Step (3), the pond oxygenation of tame and docile food
Tame and docile food pond inflator pump oxygenation, one aeration head of every square of setting；
Step (4), water quality requirement
Water nonpollution, 25~35cm of transparency, pH value is 7.0~8.5, and dissolved oxygen is more than 5mg/L.
Step (5), put in a suitable place to breed and fry sterilization
Put in a suitable place to breed and tame and docile food from the Mandarin fish fry that specification is 5~more than 7cm；Breeding density indoors in pond with
300~500 tails/m2It is advisable.
When putting in a suitable place to breed, Mandarin fish fry 20mg/L liquor potassic permanganates soak 3~5 minutes sterilizes.
Step (6), tame and docile food
Mandarin fish is fed on the day of putting in a suitable place to breed using live bait, uses the mode that Articial bait making progressively substitutes live bait from next day instead
It is timed fixed point to feed, in the morning 6:00~7:00, afternoon 17:30~18:30 respectively feed once.When tame and docile food, open
Tame and docile food bottom of pond inflator pump.
During food is tamed and dociled, bait composition is altered in steps, through the tame and docile food of 4~5 days, Mandarin fish had begun to cluster intake people
Work mixed feed.Cultivated through 2 weeks or so, the Mandarin fish for having absorbed mixed feed is individual with the Mandarin fish of not yet intake mixed feed
The existing notable difference of size, can now be carried out point foster.The Mandarin fish fry that specification is big, belly is full is filtered out and tames and dociles food pond
Cultivating pool or the cultivation of net cage mixed feed are transferred to, small then the taming and dociling again of specification is eaten 5-7 days.Once domestication rate can for this method
Up to more than 75%, repetition tames and dociles food rate more than 90%.
Embodiment 2.
Step (1), tame and docile food case prepare
Net cage size is 3m × 3m × 2m (length × width × height), or 2.5m × 3m × 2m (length × width × height), mesh 1cm,
The support support shaping that net cage bottom is made with network interface surrounding of galvanized pipe or other materials.
Step (2), tame and docile food case sterilization
Net cage is using preceding use 200-250mg/L lime water soaking disinfections, and 100- is used in every mu of the pond that set supports net cage
150kg lime disinfections.
Step (3), the case oxygenation of tame and docile food
Pond aerator and the bottom oxygenation of net cage are set, and every mu of configuration power is 1.0-1.5kw；
Step (4), water quality requirement
Water nonpollution, 25~35cm of transparency, pH value is 7.0~8.5, and dissolved oxygen is more than 5mg/L.
Step (5), put in a suitable place to breed and fry sterilization
Put in a suitable place to breed and tame and docile food from the Mandarin fish fry that specification is 5~more than 7cm；Breeding density 500 in net cage~
800 tails/m2It is advisable.
When putting in a suitable place to breed, Mandarin fish fry 20mg/L liquor potassic permanganates soak 3~5 minutes sterilizes.
Step (6), tame and docile food
Mandarin fish is fed on the day of putting in a suitable place to breed using live bait, uses the mode that Articial bait making progressively substitutes live bait from next day instead
It is timed fixed point to feed, in the morning 6:00~6:30, afternoon 18:00~18:30 respectively feed once.When tame and docile food, open
Tame and docile food bottom of pond inflator pump.
During food is tamed and dociled, bait composition is altered in steps, through the tame and docile food of 5 days or so, Mandarin fish had begun to cluster intake
Artifical compound feed.Cultivated through 2 weeks or so, the existing notable difference of Mandarin fish fry Individual Size, can now carried out point foster.Will
The Mandarin fish fry that specification is big, belly is full filters out tame and docile food case and is transferred to cultivating pool or the cultivation of net cage mixed feed,
Small then the taming and dociling again of specification is eaten 5-7 days.Once domestication rate up to more than 75%, repeats to tame and docile food rate more than 90% to this method.
Above-described embodiment is not that, for limitation of the invention, the present invention is not limited only to above-described embodiment, as long as meeting
Application claims, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of the non-hungry of Mandarin fish tames and dociles food method, it is characterised in that the method comprising the steps of：
(1) prepare before taming and dociling food
Before putting Mandarin fish in a suitable place to breed, tame and docile food pond or tame and docile food net cage carry out disinfection, and tame and docile food pond or tame and docile food net cage in set oxygen increasing equipment；
(2) food process is tamed and dociled
Mandarin fish is fed on the day of putting in a suitable place to breed using live bait, is determined by the way of Articial bait making progressively substitutes live bait from next day
Shi Dingdian feeds；
When tame and docile food, opening the oxygen increasing equipment tamed and dociled food pond or tame and docile in food net cage carries out oxygenation；
Tame and docile food and cultivation through a period of time, the existing notable difference of Mandarin fish fry Individual Size can now be carried out point foster；Will
The Mandarin fish fry that specification is big, belly is full filters out tame and docile food pond and is transferred to cultivating pool or the cultivation of net cage mixed feed,
Specification it is small then tamed and dociled food again；
(3) food is tamed and dociled to terminate
The tame and docile successful Mandarin fish point of food is raised after coming, and is fed using complete artifical compound feed.
2. a kind of the non-hungry of Mandarin fish as claimed in claim 1 tames and dociles food method, it is characterised in that described tame and docile food pond shape
Using square or rectangular, 5~10m of area2, pond 1.0~1.2m high, bottom of pond is inclined, if entering the pipeline of draining.
3. a kind of the non-hungry of Mandarin fish as claimed in claim 1 tames and dociles food method, it is characterised in that described tame and docile food net cage is big
Small is 3m × 3m × 2m or 2.5m × 3m × 2m, and mesh is 1cm, net cage bottom and network interface surrounding galvanized pipe or other materials system
Into support support shaping.
4. the non-hungry tame and docile food method of a kind of Mandarin fish as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that tame and docile food pond using 250~
300g/m2Quick lime and 10~15g/m2Bleaching powder carry out full pool spilling head sterilization, inject new water after 2~3 days, new water is used
20mg/L lime disinfections；
Food net cage is tamed and dociled using 200~250mg/L lime water soaking disinfections using preceding, every mu of the pond use 100 of the foster net cage of set~
150kg lime disinfections.
5. a kind of the non-hungry of Mandarin fish as claimed in claim 1 tames and dociles food method, it is characterised in that tame and docile the oxygen increasing equipment in food pond
It is inflator pump, one aeration head of every square metre of setting.
6. a kind of the non-hungry of Mandarin fish as claimed in claim 1 tames and dociles food method, it is characterised in that the oxygenation for taming and dociling food net cage sets
Standby is aerator and bottom oxygenation, and every mu of configuration power is 1.0~1.5kw.
7. a kind of the non-hungry of Mandarin fish as claimed in claim 1 tames and dociles food method, it is characterised in that water nonpollution, transparency
25~35cm, pH value is 7.0~8.5, and dissolved oxygen is more than 5mg/L.
8. a kind of the non-hungry of Mandarin fish as claimed in claim 1 tames and dociles food method, it is characterised in that it is 5~7cm to select specification
Mandarin fish fry, breeding density is in pond is raised and train with 300~500 tails/m2, raise and train 500~800 tails/m in net cage2It is advisable.
9. a kind of the non-hungry of Mandarin fish as claimed in claim 1 tames and dociles food method, it is characterised in that tame and docile set-up procedure before food：
Before tame and docile food is put in a suitable place to breed, Mandarin fish fry 20mg/L liquor potassic permanganates soak 3~5 minutes sterilizes.
10. a kind of the non-hungry of Mandarin fish as claimed in claim 1 tames and dociles food method, it is characterised in that artifical compound feed is powder
Shape feed, the ﹪ of crude protein content 46%~48 in feed.
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| CN201710073175.9A CN106818559B (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2017-02-10 | A kind of non-hungry tame and docile food method of Mandarin fish |
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| CN106818559B CN106818559B (en) | 2018-04-17 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108432672A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-24 | 浙江省水产技术推广总站 | A kind of method of mixed feed intensive culture mandarin fish |
| CN110178758A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-30 | 通威股份有限公司 | A kind of grass carp fishing breeding pond mandarin fish cage type intercropping method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104585547A (en) * | 2015-01-24 | 2015-05-06 | 华中农业大学 | Special taming feed for mandarin fish, and mating taming method |
| CN104839071A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-08-19 | 高卓豪 | Mandarin fish compound feed cultivating method |
| CN105475186A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-13 | 安乡绿健水产科技有限公司 | Culture method of mandarin fish |
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2017
- 2017-02-10 CN CN201710073175.9A patent/CN106818559B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104585547A (en) * | 2015-01-24 | 2015-05-06 | 华中农业大学 | Special taming feed for mandarin fish, and mating taming method |
| CN104839071A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-08-19 | 高卓豪 | Mandarin fish compound feed cultivating method |
| CN105475186A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-13 | 安乡绿健水产科技有限公司 | Culture method of mandarin fish |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108432672A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-24 | 浙江省水产技术推广总站 | A kind of method of mixed feed intensive culture mandarin fish |
| CN110178758A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-30 | 通威股份有限公司 | A kind of grass carp fishing breeding pond mandarin fish cage type intercropping method |
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| CN106818559B (en) | 2018-04-17 |
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