CN106817995A - The efficient transplanter of interchangeable seedling plate rail - Google Patents
The efficient transplanter of interchangeable seedling plate rail Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及农耕机械领域，具体涉及一种可换秧盘架的高效移栽机。The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a high-efficiency transplanter capable of changing seedling trays.
背景技术Background technique
长期以来，很多作物种植都是依靠人工直播或钵体育苗移栽的方法完成，直播的种植方法受气候，特别是早春气温低的影响较大，而钵体育苗移栽的种植方法则存在劳动强度大和生产效率低的问题。随着农艺技术的飞速发展和工厂化无载体育苗技术的推广应用，对工厂化无载体棉苗进行大面积、大规模的移栽变得日益迫切，急需对移栽机进行开发和研制，满足农业生产的需要。For a long time, many crops have been planted by manual direct seeding or pot seedling transplanting. The direct seeding planting method is greatly affected by the climate, especially the low temperature in early spring, while the planting method of pot seedling transplanting is labor-intensive. The problem of high strength and low production efficiency. With the rapid development of agronomic technology and the popularization and application of industrialized unloaded cotton seedling technology, it has become increasingly urgent to carry out large-scale and large-scale transplanting of industrialized unloaded cotton seedlings. It is urgent to develop and develop transplanting machines to meet agricultural production needs.
现有移栽机多数需要多人操作，或者单行作业，机械化生产水平不够，特别是大田移栽关键性生产环节的机械化程度较低，其机械化技术及适宜广泛推广的机具继续增强。该型可换秧盘架的高效移栽机，可使大田移栽生产的现代化程度得到大大的提升，特别是能够满足工厂化无载体育苗技术的推广应用，极大促进集约化和规模化，提高生产率。Most of the existing transplanting machines need to be operated by multiple people, or work in a single row, and the level of mechanized production is not enough, especially the mechanization of the key production links of field transplanting is relatively low, and its mechanization technology and suitable equipment for widespread promotion continue to increase. This type of high-efficiency transplanting machine with interchangeable seedling trays can greatly improve the modernization of field transplanting production, especially to meet the popularization and application of factory-based unloaded seedling technology, and greatly promote intensification and scale. Improve productivity.
CN105027776B公开了一种移栽机，其特征在于：包括支架、转轴、第一扇形齿轮、第二扇形齿轮、打穴装置和布苗装置，所述转轴可转动的设置在支架上，所述第一扇形齿轮和第二扇形齿轮相互错开固定在转轴上，所述布苗装置相对移栽机前进方向设置在打穴装置的后方，所述第一扇形齿轮驱动打穴装置，所述第二扇形齿轮驱动布苗装置，还包括第一滑轨和第二滑轨，所述两个滑轨分别设置在两侧支架上，所述打穴装置与两个滑轨滑动配合，所述打穴装置上设有第一齿条，所述第一齿条与所述第一扇形齿轮啮合。CN105027776B discloses a transplanting machine, which is characterized in that: it includes a bracket, a rotating shaft, a first sector gear, a second sector gear, a hole punching device and a seedling spreading device, the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the bracket, and the first The sector gear and the second sector gear are staggered and fixed on the rotating shaft. The seedling planting device is arranged behind the hole punching device relative to the forward direction of the transplanting machine. The first sector gear drives the hole punching device, and the second sector gear drives the hole punching device. The device for driving seedlings also includes a first slide rail and a second slide rail, the two slide rails are respectively arranged on the brackets on both sides, and the hole punching device is slidably matched with the two slide rails, and the hole punching device is A first rack is provided, and the first rack meshes with the first sector gear.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对上述现状，旨在提供一种结构独特、构造简单、生产、装配及维修方便、重量轻、工作可靠、操作方便、载苗量大、效率高、农田作业适应性好的可换秧盘架的高效移栽机。The object of the present invention is to aim at the above-mentioned present situation, aiming to provide a unique structure, simple structure, convenient production, assembly and maintenance, light weight, reliable operation, convenient operation, large seedling loading capacity, high efficiency, and good adaptability to farmland operations. High-efficiency transplanting machine with interchangeable seedling trays.
本发明目的的实现方式为，可换秧盘架的高效移栽机，机架采用框架结构，底板、传送带支撑板、起垄犁横梁、三点悬挂横梁、座椅支架、传送带支撑板、扶苗侧板、起垄机构的限位轮固定在机架的两根主梁上；The way to realize the purpose of the present invention is, the high-efficiency transplanting machine that can change the seedling tray, the frame adopts a frame structure, the bottom plate, the conveyor belt support plate, the ridging plow beam, the three-point suspension beam, the seat bracket, the conveyor belt support plate, the support The seedling side plate and the limiting wheel of the ridging mechanism are fixed on the two main beams of the frame;
独立秧盘架的拉杆与推盘支架焊接，滑道一与秧盘架体焊接；秧盘倾斜堆放在秧盘架体中，秧盘上方由推盘支架支撑；拉杆与推盘支架连接；三点悬挂支架焊接在三点悬挂横梁上，同时通过斜拉杆分别与三点悬挂支架和起垄犁横梁螺栓连接，独立秧盘架通过滑道一固定在秧盘架滑道支架上，并可在秧盘架滑道支架上左右滑动，秧盘架滑道支架由两侧的四块传送带支撑板焊接固定；The pull rod of the independent seedling tray frame is welded to the push plate bracket, and the first slideway is welded to the seedling tray frame body; the seedling trays are stacked obliquely in the seedling tray frame body, and the top of the seedling tray is supported by the push tray bracket; the pull rod is connected to the push tray bracket; The point suspension bracket is welded on the three-point suspension beam, and is connected to the three-point suspension bracket and the ridging plow beam bolts respectively through the diagonal stay rods. The seedling tray rack slideway bracket slides left and right, and the seedling tray rack slideway bracket is welded and fixed by four conveyor belt support plates on both sides;
传动系统的抓地驱动轮上的主动大链轮与换向链轮采用链条传动，抓地驱动轮上有棘轮结构，抓地驱动轮通过抓地驱动轮支架与换向链轮轴采用轴承连接，抓地驱动轮通过弹簧与抓地驱动轮支架连接，抓地驱动轮支架上的弹簧安装点与两根主梁连接；The driving large sprocket and the reversing sprocket on the traction drive wheel of the transmission system are driven by chains. There is a ratchet structure on the traction drive wheel. The grip driving wheel is connected to the grip driving wheel bracket through a spring, and the spring mounting point on the grip driving wheel bracket is connected to the two main beams;
收纳装置的滑道二焊接固定在收纳箱上，收纳箱焊接固定在固定片上，固定片焊接固定在秧盘架滑道支架上；扶苗正板通过可调螺栓连接起垄机构的限位轮，起垄机构的限位轮通过螺栓连接在主梁上；The second slideway of the storage device is welded and fixed on the storage box, the storage box is welded and fixed on the fixed piece, and the fixed piece is welded and fixed on the slideway bracket of the seedling tray frame; the positive plate of the seedling support is connected with the limit wheel of the ridge mechanism through the adjustable bolt , the limiting wheel of the ridging mechanism is connected to the main beam by bolts;
翻转机构的踏板杆与底板铰接，踏板杆与传动连杆铰接，传动连杆与翻板架铰接。踏动踏板杆带动传动连杆向上运动，输送带在传送带支撑板左右两侧上。The pedal lever of the turnover mechanism is hinged to the bottom plate, the pedal lever is hinged to the transmission link, and the transmission link is hinged to the turnover frame. Stepping on the pedal rod drives the transmission connecting rod to move upward, and the conveyor belt is on the left and right sides of the conveyor belt support plate.
本发明采用脚踏秧盘翻转形式，一人可同时控制两行秧苗移栽。多个秧盘放置在一个独立的秧盘架中，可独立更换。通过传送带将秧苗输送到正苗机构，同时退出秧盘进入收纳箱；可同时对左右两行进行移栽，输送带同时完成秧苗输送和秧盘收纳；机架由左右两部分组成，每部分有独立抓地驱动轮驱动系统，保证在转弯或其他非直线行驶情况时栽苗距离的均匀性秧苗输送利用拖拉机牵引，同时具备栽苗和起垄功能，操作人员乘坐在后方，无需单独对秧苗进行操作，可降低劳动强度；采用用框架结构，具有良好的刚度和强度。The invention adopts the flipping form of pedal seedling trays, and one person can control two rows of seedlings to transplant at the same time. Multiple seedling trays are placed in an independent seedling tray rack and can be replaced independently. The seedlings are transported to the seedling mechanism through the conveyor belt, and at the same time exit the seedling tray and enter the storage box; the left and right rows can be transplanted at the same time, and the conveyor belt completes the seedling transportation and seedling tray storage at the same time; the frame is composed of left and right parts, each part has The driving system with independent ground-grip driving wheels ensures the uniformity of the seedling distance when turning or other non-straight-line driving conditions. The seedlings are transported by tractors and have the functions of planting seedlings and ridging at the same time. The operation can reduce labor intensity; the frame structure is adopted, which has good rigidity and strength.
本发明结构独特、构造简单、生产、装配及维修方便、重量轻、工作可靠、操作方便、载苗量大、效率高；可用于多种作物进行移栽，根据不同行距可进行相应尺寸调节；能够满足工厂化无载体育苗技术的推广应用，极大促进集约化和规模化。The invention has unique structure, simple structure, convenient production, assembly and maintenance, light weight, reliable operation, convenient operation, large seedling capacity and high efficiency; it can be used for transplanting various crops, and the corresponding size can be adjusted according to different row spacings; It can meet the popularization and application of industrialized no-carrying seedling technology, and greatly promotes intensification and scale.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明总成图，Fig. 1 is an assembly diagram of the present invention,
图2为独立秧盘架结构示意图，Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the independent seedling tray structure,
图3为本发明结构示意图，Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention,
图4为本发明结构侧视图，Fig. 4 is a side view of the structure of the present invention,
图5为本发明结构后视图。Fig. 5 is a rear view of the structure of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参照图1，本发明由独立秧盘架1、机架2、传动系统3、收纳装置4、扶苗板5、起垄机构6、输送带7、翻转机构8和座椅9构成。With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention is made of independent seedling tray 1, frame 2, transmission system 3, storage device 4, seedling supporting plate 5, ridging mechanism 6, conveyor belt 7, turning mechanism 8 and seat 9.
参照图2，独立秧盘架1的拉杆12与推盘支架14焊接，滑道一11与秧盘架体13焊接；秧盘10倾斜堆放在秧盘架体中，秧盘上方由推盘支架支撑；拉杆与推盘支架连接。Referring to Fig. 2, the pull rod 12 of the independent seedling tray frame 1 is welded with the push tray bracket 14, and the slideway one 11 is welded with the seedling tray frame body 13; Support; the pull rod is connected with the push plate bracket.
三点悬挂支架32焊接在三点悬挂横梁上，同时通过斜拉杆33分别与三点悬挂支架32和起垄犁横梁19螺栓连接，独立秧盘架1通过滑道一11固定在秧盘架滑道支架27上，并可在秧盘架滑道支架27上左右滑动，还可用销钉锁死。秧盘架滑道支架27由两侧的四块传送带支撑板29焊接固定。The three-point suspension bracket 32 is welded on the three-point suspension beam, and is respectively connected with the three-point suspension bracket 32 and the ridging plow beam 19 bolts through the diagonal stay rod 33. on the road support 27, and can slide left and right on the seedling tray rack slideway support 27, and can also be locked with pins. Seedling tray rack slideway support 27 is welded and fixed by four conveyor belt support plates 29 on both sides.
在秧盘10需要推送时，通过拉动拉杆12沿滑道一11移动，带动推盘支架14将最底层秧盘10推出到翻板架20上。在推动秧盘的过程中，推盘支架14支撑上方秧盘。完全推出秧盘后，通过推动拉杆12沿滑道一反向移动，推盘支架归位，上方秧盘10下落完成整个推盘动作。When the seedling tray 10 needs to be pushed, by pulling the pull bar 12 to move along the slideway one 11, the push tray support 14 is driven to push the bottom seedling tray 10 out onto the turnover frame 20. In the process of promoting the seedling tray, the pushing tray support 14 supports the top seedling tray. After pushing out the seedling tray completely, by pushing the pull bar 12 to move in the opposite direction along the slideway, the push tray bracket returns to its original position, and the top seedling tray 10 falls to complete the entire push tray action.
独立秧盘架1在秧盘使用完毕后可整体更换，提高装苗效率和可靠性。The independent seedling tray frame 1 can be replaced as a whole after the seedling tray is used, so as to improve the seedling loading efficiency and reliability.
参照图3、4，机架2采用框架结构，机架是各部件安装的基础，保证结构刚度和强度。底板16焊接在机架2的两根主梁上。传送带支撑板29用螺栓固定在两根主梁18上，秧盘架滑道支架27与两侧四块传送带支撑板29焊接固定。传送带支撑板29冲加强筋，在与秧盘架滑道支架27连接处有角铁增强。三点悬挂横梁26焊接在两根主梁18上，三点悬挂支架32焊接在三点悬挂横梁上。三点悬挂横梁26通过斜拉杆33分别与三点悬挂支架32和起垄犁横梁19螺栓连接，增加强度。Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the frame 2 adopts a frame structure, and the frame is the basis for the installation of various components to ensure structural rigidity and strength. Base plate 16 is welded on two main beams of frame 2 . Conveyor belt support plate 29 is fixed on two main girders 18 with bolt, and seedling dish rack slideway support 27 is welded and fixed with four conveyer belt support plates 29 on both sides. Conveyor belt supporting plate 29 is punched stiffener, has angle iron to strengthen with seedling dish frame slideway support 27 joints. The three-point suspension beam 26 is welded on the two main beams 18, and the three-point suspension bracket 32 is welded on the three-point suspension beam. Three-point suspension crossbeam 26 is connected with three-point suspension support 32 and ridging plow crossbeam 19 bolts respectively by diagonal stay rod 33, increases intensity.
座椅支架、扶苗侧板36、起垄机构6的限位轮39固定在机架2的两根主梁上。起垄犁横梁19采用U型螺栓与定位销与两根主梁18固定在机架2的两根主梁上。独立秧盘架1通过滑道一11固定在秧盘架滑道支架27上，可在秧盘架滑道支架上左右滑动。The spacer wheel 39 of seat support, supporting seedling side plate 36, ridging mechanism 6 is fixed on two main girders of frame 2. Ridging plow crossbeam 19 adopts U-bolt and positioning pin and two main beams 18 to be fixed on two main beams of frame 2. Independent seedling tray frame 1 is fixed on the seedling tray frame slideway support 27 by slideway one 11, can slide left and right on the seedling tray frame slideway support.
传动系统的抓地驱动轮24上的主动大链轮25与换向链轮22采用链条传动，换向并增速。抓地驱动轮上有棘轮结构23，防止倒退时反转。抓地驱动轮通过抓地驱动轮支架34与换向链轮轴28采用轴承连接，抓地驱动轮24通过弹簧与抓地驱动轮支架34连接，抓地驱动轮支架上的弹簧安装点35与两根主梁18连接。保证驱动力同时具有适应地形的能力。输送带7在传送带支撑板29左右两侧上，传动系统3将动力传递到输送带上，保证秧盘和秧苗各归其处。The driving large sprocket 25 and the reversing sprocket 22 on the gripping drive wheel 24 of transmission system adopt chain drive, change direction and increase speed. There is a ratchet structure 23 on the ground driving wheel to prevent reverse rotation when going backwards. Grasp the ground driving wheel and adopt bearing connection with the reversing sprocket shaft 28 by grasping the ground driving wheel support 34, and grasp the ground driving wheel 24 to be connected with the ground driving wheel support 34 by the spring, and grasp the spring mounting point 35 on the ground driving wheel support and two The root girder 18 is connected. Ensure that the driving force also has the ability to adapt to the terrain. Conveyor belt 7 is on the left and right sides of conveyor belt support plate 29, and transmission system 3 transmits power on the conveyor belt to ensure that seedling trays and rice shoots are returned to their respective places.
起垄机构6的限位轮39通过螺栓连接在主梁18上，高度可调，左起垄犁40、右起垄犁41、中起垄犁42通过U型螺栓38固定在起垄犁横梁19上，起垄犁横梁19固定在机架的两根主梁18上。在落苗后，起垄犁同时完成起垄及秧苗培土。The limit wheel 39 of the ridging mechanism 6 is connected to the main beam 18 by bolts, and the height is adjustable. The left ridging plow 40, the right ridging plow 41, and the middle ridging plow 42 are fixed on the ridging plow beam by U-shaped bolts 38. On 19, ridging plow beam 19 is fixed on two girders 18 of frame. After the seedlings fall, the ridging plow completes the ridging and seedling cultivation at the same time.
翻转机构的踏板杆31与底板16铰接。踏板杆31与传动连杆17铰接。传动连杆17与翻板架20铰接。踏动踏板杆31带动传动连杆17向上运动，推动翻板架20翻转，将秧盘10扣在左右两侧输送带7上，然后复位。The pedal bar 31 of the turnover mechanism is hinged with the base plate 16 . The pedal rod 31 is hinged with the transmission link 17 . The transmission connecting rod 17 is hinged with the turnover frame 20 . Stepping on the pedal rod 31 drives the transmission connecting rod 17 to move upwards, promotes the flip frame 20 to turn over, and the seedling dish 10 is buckled on the left and right sides conveyor belts 7, and resets then.
参照图5，收纳装置4的滑道二44焊接固定在收纳箱43上，收纳箱43焊接固定在固定片45上，固定片45焊接固定在秧盘架滑道支架27上。秧盘10随输送带7前进，通过滑道二44引导，分别落入左右两侧收纳箱43内。With reference to Fig. 5, the slideway two 44 of storage device 4 is welded and fixed on the storage box 43, and the storage box 43 is welded and fixed on the fixed piece 45, and the fixed piece 45 is welded and fixed on the seedling tray rack slideway support 27. Seedling dish 10 advances with conveyer belt 7, guides by slideway two 44, falls in the storage box 43 of left and right sides respectively.
扶苗板5由可调节扶苗方向的扶苗正板37与扶苗侧板36构成。扶苗正板37通过可调螺栓与起垄机构6的限位轮39连接。扶苗板5保证秧苗立姿下落，实现移栽。The seedling-supporting plate 5 is made of the seedling-supporting positive plate 37 and the seedling-supporting side plate 36 of the adjustable seedling-supporting direction. The positive plate 37 for supporting seedlings is connected with the spacing wheel 39 of the ridging mechanism 6 by adjustable bolts. The seedling-supporting plate 5 guarantees that the rice shoots stand upright and fall to realize transplanting.
本发明采用脚踏秧盘翻转形式，一人可同时控制两行秧苗移栽。多个秧盘放置在一个独立的秧盘架中，可独立更换。通过传送带将秧苗输送到正苗机构，同时退出秧盘进入收纳箱；可同时对左右两行进行移栽，输送带同时完成秧苗输送和秧盘收纳；机架由左右两部分组成，每部分有独立抓地驱动轮驱动系统，保证在转弯或其他非直线行驶情况时栽苗距离的均匀性秧苗输送利用拖拉机牵引，同时具备栽苗和起垄功能，操作人员乘坐在后方，无需单独对秧苗进行操作，可降低劳动强度；采用用框架结构，具有良好的刚度和强度。The invention adopts the flipping form of pedal seedling trays, and one person can control two rows of seedlings to transplant at the same time. Multiple seedling trays are placed in an independent seedling tray rack and can be replaced independently. The seedlings are transported to the seedling mechanism through the conveyor belt, and at the same time exit the seedling tray and enter the storage box; the left and right rows can be transplanted at the same time, and the conveyor belt completes the seedling transportation and seedling tray storage at the same time; the frame is composed of left and right parts, each part has The driving system with independent ground-grip driving wheels ensures the uniformity of the seedling distance when turning or other non-straight-line driving conditions. The seedlings are transported by tractors and have the functions of planting seedlings and ridging at the same time. The operation can reduce labor intensity; the frame structure is adopted, which has good rigidity and strength.
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| CN108076756A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-05-29 | 西安鸣士机电开发有限公司 | Seedling cultivation machine goes up seedling disk device automatically |
| CN109618576A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-16 | 固原市拓明农业发展有限公司 | Transplant ridging equipment |
| CN109769521A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-05-21 | 浙江经济职业技术学院 | A kind of automatic plate-laying device and plate-laying method with function of stacking plate separation |
| CN111357448A (en) * | 2020-04-05 | 2020-07-03 | 孙海萍 | Seedling tray device of automatic seedling-feeding transplanter |
| WO2021253595A1 (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-23 | 孟永升 | Chain-type seedling pot transplanting machine and method for using same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108076756A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-05-29 | 西安鸣士机电开发有限公司 | Seedling cultivation machine goes up seedling disk device automatically |
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| CN111357448A (en) * | 2020-04-05 | 2020-07-03 | 孙海萍 | Seedling tray device of automatic seedling-feeding transplanter |
| CN111357448B (en) * | 2020-04-05 | 2022-08-19 | 孙海萍 | Seedling tray device of automatic seedling-feeding transplanter |
| WO2021253595A1 (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-23 | 孟永升 | Chain-type seedling pot transplanting machine and method for using same |
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|---|---|
| CN106817995B (en) | 2019-03-15 |
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