CN106813565A - Axial plunger pump texturing Slipper coupling oil film thickness measurement device - Google Patents
Axial plunger pump texturing Slipper coupling oil film thickness measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及轴向柱塞泵织构化滑靴副油膜厚度测试装置。The invention relates to a device for testing the thickness of an oil film on a textured sliding shoe pair of an axial plunger pump.
背景技术Background technique
轴向柱塞泵作为液压系统的核心动力元件之一,因其具有结构紧凑、单位体积输出功率大、额定压力高、流量大等诸多优势,在各种机械装备中得到广泛的应用。滑靴副作为轴向柱塞泵的关键摩擦副之一,是决定轴向柱塞泵使用寿命和效率的主要因素。研究高速重载工况下滑靴副的润滑机理对于分析整个轴向柱塞泵的可靠性、运转精度、寿命等至关重要。轴向柱塞泵的能量损失来源于摩擦副,而滑靴副因磨损导致的机械零部件失效大约占40%以上。传统控制摩擦的方法是:润滑油的选择、摩擦副材料的配对以及表面涂层技术的应用。As one of the core power components of the hydraulic system, the axial piston pump is widely used in various mechanical equipment because of its compact structure, large output power per unit volume, high rated pressure, and large flow rate. As one of the key friction pairs of the axial piston pump, the sliding shoe pair is the main factor determining the service life and efficiency of the axial piston pump. Studying the lubrication mechanism of the sliding shoe pair under high-speed and heavy-load conditions is very important for analyzing the reliability, running accuracy, and life of the entire axial piston pump. The energy loss of the axial piston pump comes from the friction pair, and the failure of the mechanical parts caused by the wear of the slipper pair accounts for more than 40%. The traditional methods of controlling friction are: the selection of lubricating oil, the matching of friction pair materials and the application of surface coating technology.
目前,大多数学者对织构化滑靴副润滑特性研究范围仍局限于采用数值模拟的方法,这种方法的缺点是只能以理论公式为依据,没有实际的实验验证,理论结论不具有完全的说服性,而且容易出现误差。随着高精度油膜厚度位移传感器等测试手段的引入,国内外研究人员提出了许多微米级润滑油膜厚度的测量方法。在实际工况下,由于滑靴与斜盘间的油膜厚度只有几个微米,且测量区域存在高压、高温以及油液污染等恶劣环境,所以油膜厚度的测量要求比较高。为了提高油膜厚度测量的准确性和精度,国内外针对滑靴副油膜厚度测试的相关试验台展开研究,主要采用简化或改制柱塞泵的结构,仍然存在较大的局限性,主要体现在滑靴的运动状态比较复杂,很难与实际泵中滑靴的运动状况相吻合,不能真实地模拟滑靴副的润滑状态,导致滑靴副油膜厚度测试结果存在较大误差。At present, the research scope of most scholars on the lubrication characteristics of textured sliding shoe pairings is still limited to the method of numerical simulation. The disadvantage of this method is that it can only be based on theoretical formulas without actual experimental verification, and the theoretical conclusions are not complete convincing and prone to errors. With the introduction of high-precision oil film thickness displacement sensors and other testing methods, researchers at home and abroad have proposed many measurement methods for micron-scale lubricating oil film thickness. In actual working conditions, since the thickness of the oil film between the sliding shoe and the swash plate is only a few microns, and there are harsh environments such as high pressure, high temperature, and oil pollution in the measurement area, the measurement requirements for the thickness of the oil film are relatively high. In order to improve the accuracy and precision of the oil film thickness measurement, domestic and foreign researches have been carried out on the related test benches for the oil film thickness measurement of the sliding shoe pair. The structure of the simplified or modified plunger pump is mainly used. The motion state of the shoe is relatively complicated, and it is difficult to match the motion state of the slipper shoe in the actual pump, and the lubrication state of the slipper pair cannot be truly simulated, resulting in large errors in the test results of the oil film thickness of the slipper pair.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述问题,本发明所采取的技术方案是:In order to solve the problems referred to above, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
为了实验模拟滑靴副的润滑过程,本发明采用环块与圆盘所组成的平面接触的形式,模拟滑靴与斜盘之间的油膜承载过程,能够非接触式测量出滑靴与斜盘在不同工况下的润滑油膜厚度,能够得到运转过程中整个工作区域的膜厚变化状况。In order to test and simulate the lubrication process of the sliding shoe pair, the present invention adopts the form of plane contact formed by the ring block and the disc to simulate the oil film bearing process between the sliding shoe and the swash plate, and can measure the friction between the sliding shoe and the swash plate in a non-contact manner. The lubricating oil film thickness under different working conditions can obtain the film thickness variation of the entire working area during operation.
(1) 本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:其包括滑靴、斜盘、驱动轴、调整平板、端盖以及底座。滑靴固定在端盖上,与调整平板相互配合,将被测织构化滑靴的试验件与调整平板连接,并通过调整螺钉固定在端盖上,四个调整螺钉成90°等分,对称分布在调整平板的两侧,斜盘与驱动轴连接,通过螺钉固定在驱动轴上,并与推力轴承紧密配合。圆锥滚子轴承与端盖孔配合,限制驱动轴的自由度,使其只能在变频电机的驱动下绕自身轴线转动,驱动轴的另一端与斜盘配合,以实现斜盘的高速旋转运动。(1) The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: it includes a sliding shoe, a swash plate, a drive shaft, an adjustment plate, an end cover and a base. The sliding shoe is fixed on the end cover, cooperates with the adjusting plate, connects the test piece of the textured sliding shoe to be tested with the adjusting plate, and fixes it on the end cover through the adjusting screw. The four adjusting screws are equally divided into 90°. Symmetrically distributed on both sides of the adjustment plate, the swash plate is connected to the drive shaft, fixed on the drive shaft by screws, and closely matched with the thrust bearing. The tapered roller bearing cooperates with the end cover hole to limit the freedom of the drive shaft so that it can only rotate around its own axis driven by the frequency conversion motor. The other end of the drive shaft cooperates with the swash plate to realize the high-speed rotation of the swash plate .
(2) 本测试装置中被测滑靴的密封带处设置测量孔,测量孔的直径为1-0.5mm,在测量孔处安装电涡流传感器。变频调速电机与联轴器相连接,联轴器的另一端与织构化滑靴副测试装置的驱动轴相连接,变频电机的控制线与变频电机相连接。(2) In this test device, a measuring hole is set at the sealing belt of the tested sliding shoe. The diameter of the measuring hole is 1-0.5mm, and an eddy current sensor is installed at the measuring hole. The variable frequency speed regulating motor is connected with the coupling, the other end of the coupling is connected with the driving shaft of the textured sliding shoe pair test device, and the control line of the variable frequency motor is connected with the variable frequency motor.
(3) 数据采集系统包括:3个电涡流传感器120°均匀安装在被测试滑靴上,并将传感器的数据线与数据采集卡的接触板相连,数据采集卡安装在计算机的主板上,可以实时地输出试验数据,并在计算机上显示相应的数据曲线。(3) The data acquisition system includes: 3 eddy current sensors are evenly installed on the tested sliding shoe at 120°, and the data lines of the sensors are connected to the contact plate of the data acquisition card, and the data acquisition card is installed on the motherboard of the computer, which can Real-time output test data, and display the corresponding data curve on the computer.
1. 织构化滑靴副热力学特性测试平台用来试验研究不同工况和不同表面织构形式下滑靴副油膜厚度特性。该试验台采用环块与圆盘所组成的平面接触的形式,模拟滑靴与斜盘之间的油膜承载过程。通过电涡流传感器测量不同工况和不同表面织构形式下滑靴副的油膜厚度,并利用数据采集系统能够实时地监测油膜厚度的动态变化规律。电涡流传感器相对于滑靴的位置保持不变,能够连续测量滑靴在任意位置的油膜厚度。1. The test platform for the thermodynamic characteristics of the textured sliding shoe pair is used to test and study the oil film thickness characteristics of the sliding shoe pair under different working conditions and different surface texture forms. The test bench adopts the form of plane contact formed by the ring block and the disc to simulate the oil film bearing process between the sliding shoe and the swash plate. The oil film thickness of the sliding shoe pair under different working conditions and different surface texture forms is measured by the eddy current sensor, and the dynamic change law of the oil film thickness can be monitored in real time by using the data acquisition system. The position of the eddy current sensor relative to the sliding shoe remains unchanged, and it can continuously measure the oil film thickness of the sliding shoe at any position.
2. 3个电涡流传感器以120°等分安装在织构化滑靴密封带处,可以通过电涡流传感器测量滑靴的微位移数据,确定织构化滑靴底面油膜厚度的分布规律。2. Three eddy current sensors are installed at the sealing belt of the textured sliding shoe at 120° equal intervals. The micro-displacement data of the sliding shoe can be measured by the eddy current sensor, and the distribution law of the thickness of the oil film on the bottom surface of the textured sliding shoe can be determined.
3. 本申请中被测试滑靴试验件与调整平板相互连接,可以通过四个调整螺钉的螺纹深度来调整滑靴的倾斜角度,倾斜角度控制范围在0.01°~0.08°,适用于测试不同倾覆角度下织构化滑靴副油膜厚度变化规律;3. In this application, the tested slide shoe test piece is connected with the adjustment plate, and the inclination angle of the slide shoe can be adjusted through the thread depth of the four adjustment screws. The inclination angle control range is 0.01°~0.08°, which is suitable for testing different overturning Variation law of textured sliding shoe auxiliary oil film thickness under different angles;
4. 本申请中的被测滑靴试验件更换容易,可以加工出圆形、椭圆形、正方形、三角形和球面等表面织构形状,可以在不同压力、转速、温度、滑靴表面织构形式下对滑靴副的油膜厚度进行测试;织构化滑靴副表面的微凹坑沿半径圆周方向以30°等分布置在密封带表面,沿半径方向等分成5排,偶数排(第2和第4排)的微凹坑与基数排(第1排,第2排和第5排)的微凹坑在圆周方向存在交错角,交错角为5-10°。4. The tested slide shoe test piece in this application is easy to replace, and can be processed into circular, oval, square, triangular, spherical and other surface texture shapes, and can be used under different pressures, speeds, temperatures, and slide shoe surface texture forms. Next, the oil film thickness of the slide shoe pair is tested; the micro-dimples on the surface of the textured slide shoe pair are arranged on the surface of the sealing belt at 30° along the radial direction, and are divided into 5 rows along the radial direction, and the even-numbered rows (the second and the 4th row) and the radix rows (the 1st row, the 2nd row and the 5th row) have a staggered angle in the circumferential direction, and the staggered angle is 5-10°.
5. 本申请使用电涡流传感器测量滑靴副间隙油膜厚度,以保持对油膜厚度的测量误差在±1%;5. This application uses an eddy current sensor to measure the thickness of the oil film in the gap between the slipper shoe pair, so as to keep the measurement error of the oil film thickness within ±1%;
6. 织构化滑靴副油膜厚度申请的试验压力范围为0~40 MPa,变频电机的输入转速为3000~4600 r/min,该申请可以为高速重载轴向柱塞泵滑靴副润滑性能设计提供试验平台。6. The test pressure range for the oil film thickness of the textured sliding shoe pair is 0~40 MPa, and the input speed of the variable frequency motor is 3000~4600 r/min. This application can be used for lubrication of the sliding shoe pair of high-speed heavy-duty axial piston pumps Performance design provides a test bed.
本发明的有益效果不限于此描述,为了更好的便于理解,在具体实施方式部分进行了更佳详细的描述。The beneficial effects of the present invention are not limited to this description, and for better understanding, a more detailed description is given in the specific embodiment section.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的控制结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the control structure of the present invention.
图2是本发明的测量装置内部结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the measuring device of the present invention.
图3是本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图4是本发明的滑靴结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding shoe of the present invention.
图5是本发明的凹坑结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the pit structure of the present invention.
其中:1、底座;2、斜盘;3、驱动轴;4、电动机;5、织构化滑靴;6、凹坑;7、测量孔;8、出油口;9、电涡流传感器;10、端盖;11、调整平板;12、滚子轴承;13、推力轴承;14、调整螺钉;15、液压泵;16、亿恒数据采集系统;17、单片机。Among them: 1. Base; 2. Swash plate; 3. Drive shaft; 4. Motor; 5. Textured shoe; 6. Dimple; 7. Measuring hole; 8. Oil outlet; 9. Eddy current sensor; 10. End cover; 11. Adjusting plate; 12. Roller bearing; 13. Thrust bearing; 14. Adjusting screw; 15. Hydraulic pump; 16. Yiheng data acquisition system; 17. Single-chip microcomputer.
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1-5所示,本实施例的轴向柱塞泵织构化滑靴副油膜厚度测试装置,包括数据采集系统以及测试平台;测试平台包括底座1、设置在底座1上的端盖10、设置在底座1与端盖10之间的内腔、竖直活动设置在内腔中的织构化滑靴5、竖直设置在内腔中的驱动轴3、带动驱动轴3旋转的电动机4、由驱动轴3带动在内腔中旋转的斜盘2、设置在织构化滑靴5下表面上且与斜盘2表面接触的凹坑6、设置在织构化滑靴5上且与凹坑6连通的测量孔7以及设置在测量孔7处的电涡流传感器9,凹坑6与织构化滑靴5下表面上且与斜盘2上表面之间的接触油膜连通;数据采集系统与电涡流传感器9电连接。电涡流传感器9可以是三个或三个以上,从而实现对油膜的厚度的精确测量。凹坑6为圆坑、方坑或锥坑,也可以等同替换为凹槽。As shown in Figures 1-5, the axial piston pump textured slipper pair oil film thickness test device of this embodiment includes a data acquisition system and a test platform; the test platform includes a base 1 and an end cover arranged on the base 1 10. The inner cavity arranged between the base 1 and the end cover 10, the textured sliding shoe 5 arranged vertically in the inner cavity, the drive shaft 3 vertically arranged in the inner cavity, and the drive shaft 3 driven to rotate The electric motor 4, the swash plate 2 driven by the drive shaft 3 to rotate in the inner cavity, the pit 6 arranged on the lower surface of the textured sliding shoe 5 and in contact with the surface of the swash plate 2, is arranged on the textured sliding shoe 5 And the measuring hole 7 communicating with the pit 6 and the eddy current sensor 9 arranged at the measuring hole 7, the pit 6 communicates with the contact oil film on the lower surface of the textured sliding shoe 5 and with the upper surface of the swash plate 2; The data acquisition system is electrically connected with the eddy current sensor 9 . There can be three or more eddy current sensors 9, so as to realize accurate measurement of the thickness of the oil film. The pit 6 is a round pit, a square pit or a conical pit, and can also be equivalently replaced with a groove.
进一步,还包括设置在端盖10上的调整平板11,在调整平板11上设置有用于调整斜盘2斜度的调整螺钉14。从而方便调整斜盘2的角度。Further, it also includes an adjusting plate 11 arranged on the end cover 10 , and an adjusting screw 14 for adjusting the inclination of the swash plate 2 is arranged on the adjusting plate 11 . Thereby, the angle of the swash plate 2 can be adjusted conveniently.
在驱动轴3与底座1之间以及在驱动轴3与端盖10之间分别设置有滚子轴承12。滚子轴承可以是圆锥滚子轴承或圆柱滚子轴承,在斜盘2下表面与底座1上表面之间设置有推力轴承13。Roller bearings 12 are respectively arranged between the drive shaft 3 and the base 1 and between the drive shaft 3 and the end cover 10 . The roller bearings can be tapered roller bearings or cylindrical roller bearings, and a thrust bearing 13 is arranged between the lower surface of the swash plate 2 and the upper surface of the base 1 .
进一步,还包括液压加载系统,在织构化滑靴5设置有出油口8,出油口8通过织构化滑靴5下表面上且与斜盘2上表面之间的接触油膜与凹坑6连通,液压加载系统与出油口8通过液路连通。实现压力加载。Further, it also includes a hydraulic loading system. The textured sliding shoe 5 is provided with an oil outlet 8, and the oil outlet 8 passes through the contact oil film and the groove between the lower surface of the textured sliding shoe 5 and the upper surface of the swash plate 2. The pit 6 communicates, and the hydraulic loading system communicates with the oil outlet 8 through a liquid path. Achieve pressure loading.
数据采集系统为与电涡流传感器9电连接的亿恒数据采集系统16,亿恒数据采集系统16电连接有单片机17。The data acquisition system is the Yiheng data acquisition system 16 electrically connected with the eddy current sensor 9 , and the Yiheng data acquisition system 16 is electrically connected with a single-chip microcomputer 17 .
液压加载系统包括与出油口8通过管路连通的液压泵15,在管路上设置有用于测试出油口8压力的压力传感器,压力传感器与亿恒数据采集系统16电连接。实现对压力数据、驱动轴转速与电涡流传感器9的计算输出,从而实现对油膜厚度的测试。The hydraulic loading system includes a hydraulic pump 15 communicating with the oil outlet 8 through a pipeline, and a pressure sensor for testing the pressure of the oil outlet 8 is arranged on the pipeline, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the Yiheng data acquisition system 16 . The calculation output of the pressure data, the rotational speed of the drive shaft and the eddy current sensor 9 is realized, so as to realize the test of the thickness of the oil film.
本发明主要包括润滑油膜两侧接触副(织构化滑靴和斜盘)、变频电机、驱动轴、电涡流传感器、调整平板、液压加载系统以及数据采集系统。该申请采用织构化滑靴与斜盘所组成的平面接触模型模拟滑靴副工作状态,并通过调整平板设置织构化滑靴的倾斜姿态,用于分析倾覆状态下织构化滑靴副的油膜厚度变化规律。变频电机带动驱动轴旋转,促使斜盘随之高速旋转,液压驱动系统为织构化滑靴提供输入压力,通过电涡流传感器可采集到加载后织构化滑靴与斜盘之间润滑油膜形成的微小位移,分析可得油膜的厚度信息,进而判断织构化滑靴与斜盘所处的润滑状态。它解决了现有技术中采用模拟装置无法模拟实际测试柱塞泵中倾覆状态下织构化滑靴底面油膜厚度的性能参数,测试结果存在误差的问题。The invention mainly includes contact pairs on both sides of the lubricating oil film (textured sliding shoe and swash plate), frequency conversion motor, drive shaft, eddy current sensor, adjustment plate, hydraulic loading system and data acquisition system. This application uses a plane contact model composed of a textured shoe and a swash plate to simulate the working state of the shoe pair, and adjusts the flat plate to set the tilting attitude of the textured shoe pair to analyze the textured shoe pair in the overturned state. Variation law of oil film thickness. The variable frequency motor drives the drive shaft to rotate, causing the swash plate to rotate at a high speed. The hydraulic drive system provides input pressure for the textured shoe. The eddy current sensor can collect the formation of lubricating oil film between the textured shoe and the swash plate after loading. The small displacement of the oil film can be analyzed to obtain the thickness information of the oil film, and then the lubrication state of the textured shoe and the swash plate can be judged. It solves the problem that the simulation device in the prior art cannot simulate the performance parameter of the thickness of the oil film on the bottom surface of the textured sliding shoe in the overturned state of the actual test plunger pump, and the problem that there is an error in the test result.
本发明设计合理、成本低廉、结实耐用、安全可靠、操作简单、省时省力、节约资金、结构紧凑且使用方便。The invention is reasonable in design, low in cost, strong and durable, safe and reliable, simple in operation, saves time and effort, saves money, has compact structure and is convenient to use.
本发明充分描述是为了更加清楚的公开,而对于现有技术就不在一一例举。The full description of the present invention is for a clearer disclosure, and the prior art is not exemplified one by one.
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;作为本领域技术人员对本发明的多个技术方案进行组合是显而易见的。而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalently replace some of the technical features; it is obvious for those skilled in the art to combine multiple technical solutions of the present invention. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
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| CN117756412A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2024-03-26 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | An etching time estimation device and method for oscillating plate flat bridges |
| CN116241450A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-06-09 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学航空机务士官学校 | A key friction pair wear test device and data acquisition system for aviation pumps |
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Application publication date: 20170609 Assignee: Pingyang Intelligent Manufacturing Research Institute of Wenzhou University Assignor: Wenzhou University Contract record no.: X2020330000096 Denomination of invention: Testing device for oil film thickness of textured slipper pair of axial piston pump Granted publication date: 20190730 License type: Common License Record date: 20201122 |