CN106812925A - The multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body - Google Patents

The multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106812925A
CN106812925A CN201710178907.0A CN201710178907A CN106812925A CN 106812925 A CN106812925 A CN 106812925A CN 201710178907 A CN201710178907 A CN 201710178907A CN 106812925 A CN106812925 A CN 106812925A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
shaft
shelves
speed
pull
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Granted
Application number
CN201710178907.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106812925B (en
Inventor
蒋蘋
陈为
石毅新
胡文武
罗亚辉
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Hunan Agricultural University
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Hunan Agricultural University
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Priority to CN201710178907.0A priority Critical patent/CN106812925B/en
Publication of CN106812925A publication Critical patent/CN106812925A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/038—Gearboxes for accommodating bevel gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks

Abstract

A kind of multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body, including casing, power input shaft is installed in casing, operation output shaft and planet wheel decelerator rear axle, power input shaft is connected with operation output shaft by operation shifter, power input shaft is connected by many gear rotating speed change gears of twin shaft with planet wheel decelerator rear axle, the many gear rotating speed change gears of twin shaft include the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft that are mounted side by side in casing, many gear rotating switching mechanisms are provided between first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, first rotating shaft is located at one end of power input shaft and vertical with power input shaft, first rotating shaft is connected by the first transmission mechanism with power input shaft, second rotating shaft is connected by the second transmission mechanism with planet wheel decelerator rear axle.The multiple-speed gear-box has the advantages that simple and compact for structure, small volume, lightweight.

Description

The multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body
Technical field
The present invention relates to transmission art field, and in particular to a kind of multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body.
Background technology
At present, the crawler tractor gearbox of in the market does not possess pivot stud function, caterpillar tractor speed change typically Case generally realizes adjustable travel speed on a large scale using the design of hydraulic pump motor and mechanical gear shift one, there is gear and axle Quantity it is many, system complex, high cost, gearbox is oversized, and fault rate is high, inconvenient operation, the defect such as adaptability is not strong. Also, what the crawler tractor gearbox back axle of in the market had does not possess pivot stud function, although some gearbox back axles have There is turning function, but its structure is numerous and diverse, and installation accuracy is high, difficulty is big so that presence high cost that gearbox is not avoided that, The shortcomings of back axle bulk is excessive.Additionally, the crawler tractor transfer case shift mechanisms of in the market typically use three or three Axle more than root, could realize multiple drive shifts and reverse gear, and the quantity of its gear and axle is more, directly results in speed change system and answers Miscellaneous, high cost, overall dimension be big and the low problem of reliability.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of that prior art is present, there is provided it is a kind of it is simple and compact for structure, The multiple-speed gear-box of small volume, lightweight agricultural crawler body.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body, including casing, are provided with power input shaft, operation output in the casing Axle and planet wheel decelerator rear axle, the power input shaft is connected with operation output shaft by operation shifter, described Power input shaft is connected by many gear rotating speed change gears of twin shaft with planet wheel decelerator rear axle, the twin shaft multi gear Position rotating speed change gear includes the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft that are mounted side by side in casing, the first rotating shaft and second turn Many gear rotating switching mechanisms are provided between axle, the first rotating shaft is located at one end of power input shaft and and power input shaft Vertically, the first rotating shaft is connected by the first transmission mechanism with power input shaft, and second rotating shaft passes through the second driver Structure is connected with planet wheel decelerator rear axle.
Above-mentioned multiple-speed gear-box, it is preferred that many gear rotating switching mechanisms include a shelves gear, two grades of teeth Wheel, third gear, fourth gear, the first gear shift duplicate gear, the second gear shift duplicate gear, straight trip shelves bevel gear and reverse gear cone tooth Wheel, first transmission mechanism includes the walking input bevel gear being connected with power input shaft, a shelves gear, two grades of teeth Wheel, third gear and fourth gear are fixedly mounted in the second rotating shaft, and the first gear shift duplicate gear is slidedly arranged on first rotating shaft It is upper and one can be selected by slip engaged with a shelves gear and intermediate gear or do not engaged with a shelves gear and intermediate gear, institute State the second gear shift duplicate gear be slidedly arranged in first rotating shaft and can by slip select one engaged with third gear and fourth gear or Person is not engaged with third gear and fourth gear, and the straight trip shelves bevel gear is fixedly installed in first rotating shaft, the reverse gear Bevel gear is rotatably sheathed in first rotating shaft, and the straight trip shelves bevel gear and reverse gear bevel gear are divided into walking input cone tooth Take turns both sides and engaged with walking input bevel gear, sliding to be provided with the reverse gear bevel gear can pass through slip and one grade of tooth The engagement of wheel, intermediate gear, third gear and fourth gear wherein at least one or out of mesh back gear, the multi gear Position rotating switching mechanism also include for order about the slip of the first gear shift duplicate gear the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly, for driving Make the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly and the reverse speed fork group for ordering about back gear slip that the second gear shift duplicate gear is slided Part.
Above-mentioned multiple-speed gear-box, it is preferred that the walking input bevel gear is rotatably installed on power input shaft And be connected with power input shaft by a height quick change gear mechanism and be driven, the height quick change gear mechanism includes the first height Quick change shelves gear and low speed duplicate gear high, walking input bevel gear be connected with synchronous axial system height quick change shelves gear ring and Second height quick change shelves gear, the low speed duplicate gear high is rotatably installed on an axle in casing, and described first Height quick change shelves gear is slidedly arranged on power input shaft and can pass through one of tooth that one and low speed duplicate gear high are selected in slip Wheel and the shelves gear ring engagement of height quick change, another gear of the low speed duplicate gear high are nibbled with the second height quick change shelves gear Close, the height quick change gear mechanism also includes the low speed pull-fork assembly high for ordering about the slip of the first height quick change shelves gear.
Above-mentioned multiple-speed gear-box, it is preferred that the operation shifter include operation selector shaft, operation triple gear, First operation duplicate gear, the second operation duplicate gear and operation fixed gear, the operation selector shaft are rotatably installed on It is arranged side by side on casing and with power input shaft, the operation output shaft is connected with operation selector shaft, the operation triple gear Rotatably it is installed on operation selector shaft, the operation fixed gear is fixedly arranged on operation selector shaft, second operation is double Connection gear be rotatably installed on power input shaft, and the second operation duplicate gear two gears respectively with the tooth of operation three One of gear and operation the fixed gear engagement of wheel, the first operation duplicate gear are slidedly arranged on power input shaft and energy Select one and engaged with two other gear of operation triple gear or with any gear of operation triple gear not by sliding Engagement, the operation shifter also includes the operation pull-fork assembly for ordering about the slip of the first operation duplicate gear.
Above-mentioned multiple-speed gear-box, it is preferred that the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly, the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly, fall Shelves pull-fork assembly, low speed pull-fork assembly high and operation pull-fork assembly include shift fork, selector shaft and slide actuator, described first Straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly, the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly and reverse speed fork component are respectively provided with an independent selector shaft, described Low speed pull-fork assembly high and operation pull-fork assembly share a selector shaft；The first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly, the second straight trip shelves In pull-fork assembly and reverse speed fork component, selector shaft is slidedly arranged on casing, and shift fork is fixed on selector shaft, and selector shaft drives with slip Moving part is connected；In the low speed pull-fork assembly high and operation pull-fork assembly, selector shaft is fixedly installed on casing, and shift fork is slidedly arranged on It is connected on selector shaft and with actuator is slided.
Above-mentioned multiple-speed gear-box, it is preferred that the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly, the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly and fall Between the selector shaft and casing of shelves pull-fork assembly and low speed pull-fork assembly high and operation pull-fork assembly selector shaft and shift fork it Between be additionally provided with gear shift elastic positioning member；The first gear shift duplicate gear, the second gear shift duplicate gear, reverse gear bevel gear, One height quick change shelves gear and the first operation duplicate gear are equipped with draw-in groove, and the first gear shift duplicate gear, the second gear shift are double Connection gear, reverse gear bevel gear, the first height quick change shelves gear and the corresponding shift fork of the first operation duplicate gear are provided with and are fastened in institute State the U-shaped card in draw-in groove.
Above-mentioned multiple-speed gear-box, it is preferred that the planet wheel decelerator rear axle includes rotatably being arranged on case Back axle main shaft and two groups of planetary gear output precisions for being separately mounted to back axle main shaft two ends on body, the back axle main shaft pass through institute State the second transmission mechanism to be connected with the second rotating shaft, the planetary gear output precision includes rotatably being installed on back axle main shaft Central gear, the planetary wheel carrier being fixedly mounted on back axle main shaft and drive shaft on casing is may be rotatably mounted at, the drive Moving axis is provided with output gear, is provided with the planetary wheel carrier multiple while the duplicate rows engaged with central gear and output gear Star-wheel group, the dual planetary gear group includes expert's star-wheel, layman's star-wheel and the rotatable planetary gear being installed on planetary wheel carrier Axle, expert's star-wheel and layman's star-wheel fixedly mount the two ends of planet wheel spindle respectively, and expert's star-wheel is nibbled with central gear Close, layman's star-wheel is engaged with output gear, the planet wheel decelerator rear axle is also included for controlling two groups of planets The course changing control mechanism taken turns the central gear rotating speed of output precision and turn to.
Above-mentioned multiple-speed gear-box, it is preferred that the course changing control mechanism includes turning to drive bevel gear and for driving The rotary drive of drive bevel gear is turned to, the central gear of each planetary gear output precision is connected with steering driven wheel of differential, The steering driven wheel of differential of two groups of planetary gear output precisions be divided into turn to drive bevel gear both sides and with turn to initiative taper Gear is engaged.
Above-mentioned multiple-speed gear-box, it is preferred that each planetary gear output precision of correspondence is mounted on for right on the casing The brake apparatus that drive shaft is braked, the brake apparatus includes the axle sleeve being fixedly arranged on casing, and the axle sleeve is sheathed on drive Outside moving axis, the stator group being made up of multi-disc braking stator is installed in the axle sleeve, multi-disc brakes stator along drive shaft axial direction Direction is slided and is set, and correspondence arbitrary neighborhood two panels braking stator is mounted on a piece of being inserted in described adjacent two in the drive shaft Braking moving plate between piece braking stator, the braking moving plate is slidedly arranged in drive shaft vertically, the system of described stator group one end Dynamic that brake pad is provided between stator and axle sleeve, the stator group other end is provided with braking briquetting, and the brake apparatus also includes being used for Braking briquetting is driven to coordinate the braking drive component for compressing or unclamping stator group with brake pad.
Above-mentioned multiple-speed gear-box, it is preferred that the braking drive component includes spragging gear, braking tooth bar and drives system The reciprocating telescopic drive part of carry-over bar, the braking briquetting is axially slidedly arranged on axle sleeve along drive shaft, the spragging gear Be sheathed in drive shaft and can be slid axially relative to drive shaft turns and along drive shaft, the spragging gear with braking briquetting spiral shell Rotation chisel teeth is connected, and the braking tooth bar is engaged with spragging gear, and prevention spragging gear is additionally provided with the axle sleeve to remote From the stop member that the direction of stator group is slided.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：The multiple-speed gear-box power of the agricultural crawler body of the present invention is defeated Enter the first rotating shaft of axle and many gear rotating speed change gears of twin shaft using orthogonal 90 ° of arranged crosswise forms, Neng Gou great The big structural compactness for improving multiple-speed gear-box.Compared to congenerous gearbox, it has the advantages that small volume, lightweight.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body.
Fig. 2 is the local main sectional view of the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of bowing of the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body.
Fig. 4 is the partial sectional view that each part is arranged on power input shaft.
Fig. 5 is the partial sectional view that each part is arranged on operation selector shaft.
Fig. 6 is the partial sectional view of many gear rotating speed change gears of twin shaft.
Fig. 7 is that the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly, the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly and reverse speed fork component are changed with first respectively The partial sectional view that shelves duplicate gear, the second gear shift duplicate gear and back gear coordinate.
Fig. 8 is that the mounting structure of the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly, the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly and reverse speed fork component shows It is intended to.
Fig. 9 is the local main sectional view of low speed pull-fork assembly high and operation pull-fork assembly.
Figure 10 is the side partial cross-sectional of low speed pull-fork assembly high and operation pull-fork assembly.
Figure 11 is the partial sectional view of planet wheel decelerator rear axle.
Figure 12 is the partial sectional view that two groups of planetary gear output precisions are arranged on back axle main shaft both sides.
Figure 13 is the partial sectional view of brake apparatus.
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram for braking drive component.
Marginal data：
100th, casing；1st, power input shaft；2nd, operation output shaft；3rd, planet wheel decelerator rear axle；301st, back axle main shaft； 302nd, central gear；303rd, planetary wheel carrier；304th, drive shaft；305th, output gear；306th, expert's star-wheel；307th, layman's star-wheel； 308th, planet wheel spindle；309th, drive bevel gear is turned to；310th, brake apparatus；3101st, axle sleeve；3102nd, stator is braked；3103rd, make Dynamic moving plate；3104th, brake pad；3105th, briquetting is braked；3106th, spragging gear；3107th, tooth bar is braked；3109th, bushing is positioned； 3110th, rolling bearing；3111st, interior snap ring；311st, rotary drive；312nd, driven wheel of differential is turned to；4th, operation shifter； 400th, operation selector shaft；401st, operation triple gear；402nd, the first operation duplicate gear；403rd, the second operation duplicate gear； 404th, operation fixed gear；405th, operation pull-fork assembly；5th, many gear rotating speed change gears of twin shaft；501st, first rotating shaft； 502nd, the second rotating shaft；503rd, a shelves gear；504th, intermediate gear；505th, third gear；506th, fourth gear；507th, the first gear shift Duplicate gear；508th, the second gear shift duplicate gear；509th, keep straight on shelves bevel gear；510th, reverse gear bevel gear；511st, walking input cone Gear；512nd, back gear；513rd, the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly；514th, the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly；515th, reverse speed fork Component；516th, the first height quick change shelves gear；517th, low speed duplicate gear high；518th, height quick change shelves gear ring；519th, second is high Low speed change gear；520th, low speed pull-fork assembly high；521st, shift fork；522nd, selector shaft；523rd, actuator is slided；601st, transmission master Moving gear；602nd, transfer driven gear.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the multiple-speed gear-box of the agricultural crawler body of the present embodiment, including casing 100, casing 100 In power input shaft 1, operation output shaft 2 and planet wheel decelerator rear axle 3 be installed, power input shaft 1 is exported with operation Axle 2 is connected by operation shifter 4, and power input shaft 1 is slowed down by many gear rotating speed change gears 5 of twin shaft with planetary gear Device rear axle 3 is connected, and many gear rotating speed change gears 5 of twin shaft include the first rotating shaft 501 being mounted side by side in casing 100 With the second rotating shaft 502, many gear rotating switching mechanisms are provided between the rotating shaft 502 of first rotating shaft 501 and second, wherein, first Rotating shaft 501 is located at one end of power input shaft 1 and vertical with power input shaft 1, it is possible to increase structural compactness, first rotating shaft 501 are connected by the first transmission mechanism with power input shaft 1, and the second rotating shaft 502 is slowed down by the second transmission mechanism with planetary gear Device rear axle 3 is connected.Preferably, the end of power input shaft 1 is just to the medium position of first rotating shaft 501.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, many gear rotating switching mechanisms include a shelves gear 503rd, intermediate gear 504, third gear 505, fourth gear 506, the first gear shift duplicate gear 507, the second gear shift duplicate gear 508th, keep straight on shelves bevel gear 509, reverse gear bevel gear 510, and the first transmission mechanism includes the walking input being connected with power input shaft 1 Bevel gear 511, interval is fixed successively vertically for a shelves gear 503, intermediate gear 504, third gear 505 and fourth gear 506 In the second rotating shaft 502, the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 is slidedly arranged in first rotating shaft 501 vertically, the first gear shift duplex Gear 507 can by slide select one engaged with any one in a shelves gear 503 and intermediate gear 504 or with a shelves gear 503 and intermediate gear 504 do not engage, the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 is slidedly arranged in first rotating shaft 501 vertically, and second changes Shelves duplicate gear 508 can select one and be engaged with any one in third gear 505 and fourth gear 506 or with three by slip Shelves gear 505 and fourth gear 506 are not engaged, and straight trip shelves bevel gear 509 is fixedly installed in first rotating shaft 501, reverse gear cone Gear 510 is rotatably sheathed in first rotating shaft 501, and it is defeated that straight trip shelves bevel gear 509 and reverse gear bevel gear 510 are divided into walking Enter the both sides of bevel gear 511 and engaged with walking input bevel gear 511, slided on reverse gear bevel gear 510 and be provided with back gear 512, back gear 512 can be by slip and a shelves gear 503, intermediate gear 504, third gear 505 and fourth gear 506 At least one engagement or a shelves gear 503, intermediate gear 504, third gear 505 and fourth gear 506 it is out of mesh Back gear 512, many gear rotating switching mechanisms also include straight for ordering about the first of the slip of the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 Row shelves pull-fork assembly 513, the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly 514 for ordering about the slip of the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 and it is used for Order about the reverse speed fork component 515 of the slip of back gear 512.The present embodiment by back gear 512 be arranged to by slide only with Intermediate gear 504 is engaged or not engaged, and is transmitted the power of first rotating shaft 501 by back gear 512 with realizing or is not passed The second rotating shaft 502 is handed to, namely back gear 512 only has two states by sliding, first state is and intermediate gear 504 engagements, second state is not engaged with intermediate gear 504.In other embodiments, back gear 512 can also be set The one of cooperation of Cheng Yuyi shelves gears 503, third gear 505 and fourth gear 506 is driven or is not driven；Or with one Two or more in shelves gear 503, intermediate gear 504, third gear 505 and fourth gear 506 coordinates.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, walking input bevel gear 511 is rotatably installed on power input shaft 1 It is connected above and with power input shaft 1 by a height quick change gear mechanism and is driven, height quick change gear mechanism includes the first height Quick change shelves gear 516 and low speed duplicate gear 517 high, walking input bevel gear 511 are connected with the height quick change shelves of synchronous axial system The height quick change shelves gear 519 of gear ring 518 and second, low speed duplicate gear 517 high is rotatably installed on one in casing 100 On axle, the first height quick change shelves gear 516 is slidedly arranged on power input shaft 1, and the first height quick change shelves gear 516 can be by sliding Select one to be engaged with one of gear and height quick change the shelves gear ring 518 of low speed duplicate gear 517 high, low speed duplicate gear high 517 another gear is often engaged with the second height quick change shelves gear 519, and height quick change gear mechanism is also included for ordering about first The low speed pull-fork assembly 520 high that height quick change shelves gear 516 is slided；First height quick change shelves gear 516 and height quick change shelves tooth The gearratio of height quick change gear mechanism is not equal to the first height quick change shelves gear 516 and low speed duplicate gear high when circle 518 is engaged The gearratio of height quick change gear mechanism during 517 engagement, so as to realize low speed conversion high, specifically, the first height quick change shelves gear The gearratio of 516 height quick change gear mechanisms when engage with height quick change shelves gear ring 518 more than the first height quick change shelves gear 516 and The gearratio of height quick change gear mechanism when low speed duplicate gear 517 high is engaged.
The two ends of the rotating shaft 502 of first rotating shaft 501 and second of the present embodiment are arranged on casing 100 by bearing assembly respectively On, bearing assembly includes bearing and the end cap being fixedly mounted on casing 100, and the rotating shaft 502 of first rotating shaft 501 and second passes through axle Hold in end cap, and sealing ring is provided between the rotating shaft 502 of first rotating shaft 501 and second and end cap.First gear shift is double Connection gear 507, the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 are coordinated by spline and first rotating shaft 501, can be slided along first rotating shaft 501； Bevel gear 510 is rotatably arranged in the second rotating shaft 502 shelves, and its axial two ends is respectively by located at the second rotating shaft 502 On semicircle back-up ring and the shaft shoulder it is spacing, back gear 512 by spline fitted be arranged on reverse gear bevel gear 510 on, can fall Slid axially along the second rotating shaft 502 on shelves bevel gear 510；Straight trip shelves bevel gear 509 is arranged on the second rotating shaft by spline fitted On 502, it is input into axial thrust load when with bevel gear 511 and the shaft shoulder axially position in first rotating shaft 501 from walking. One shelves gear 503, intermediate gear 504, third gear 505 and fourth gear 506 are arranged on the second rotating shaft 502 by spline fitted On, and a shelves gear 503, carried out using axial limit structure between intermediate gear 504, third gear 505 and fourth gear 506 Axially position.
Many gear rotating switching mechanisms can realize advance one grade, advance two grades, advance third gear, advance fourth gear, fall Shelves and six conversions of gear of neutral gear.When one grade of gear is advanced, it is double that the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly 513 orders about the first gear shift Connection gear 507 slides into its gear wheel and is engaged with a shelves gear 503, and it is double that the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly 514 orders about the second gear shift Connection gear 508 slides into and is not engaged with third gear 505 and fourth gear 506, and reverse speed fork component 515 orders about back gear 512 do not engage with intermediate gear 504, after the power of power input shaft 1 is input to walking input bevel gear 511, then by walking Input bevel gear 511 is transferred to straight trip shelves bevel gear 509 and reverse gear bevel gear 510, straight trip shelves bevel gear 509 and reverse gear bevel gear 510 being rotated by walking input bevel gear 511, both steering conversely, and reverse gear bevel gear 510 in first rotating shaft Dallied on 501, straight trip shelves bevel gear 509 is with the synchronous rotation of first rotating shaft 501, now, walking input bevel gear 511 Power is successively through shelves bevel gear 509, first rotating shaft 501, the gear wheel of the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 and the shelves gear of keeping straight on 503 are transferred to the second rotating shaft 502.Advance two grades is change the cunning of the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 on the basis of one grade to advance Dynamic position, i.e., the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly 513 orders about the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 and slides into its little gear and intermediate gear 504 engagements, the power of now walking input bevel gear 511 is successively through shelves bevel gear 509, first rotating shaft 501, the first gear shift of keeping straight on The little gear and intermediate gear 504 of duplicate gear 507 are transferred to the second rotating shaft 502.Advance third gear is on one grade of the basis of advancing The upper sliding position for changing the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 and the second gear shift duplicate gear 508, i.e., the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly 513 order about the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 slides into and is not engaged with a shelves gear 503 and intermediate gear 504, while second is straight Row shelves pull-fork assembly 514 orders about the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 and slides into its gear wheel and engaged with third gear 505, now goes Walk to be input into the power of bevel gear 511 successively through the shelves bevel gear 509, first rotating shaft 501 that keeps straight on, the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 Gear wheel and third gear 505 are transferred to the second rotating shaft 502.Advance fourth gear is to change the second gear shift on the basis of advance third gear The sliding position of duplicate gear 508, i.e., the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly 514 orders about the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 and slides into it Little gear is engaged with fourth gear 506, and the power of now walking input bevel gear 511 is successively through the shelves bevel gear 509, first that keeps straight on Rotating shaft 501, the little gear of the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 and fourth gear 506 are transferred to the second rotating shaft 502.Neutral gear is preceding Enter the sliding position for changing the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 on the basis of a grade, i.e., the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly 513 orders about the One gear shift duplicate gear 507 slides into and is not engaged with a shelves gear 503 and intermediate gear 504, now walking input bevel gear 511 power is no longer transferred to the second rotating shaft 502 after being delivered to first rotating shaft 501.In the gear of reverse gear, the first straight trip shelves are dialled Fork component 513 orders about the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 and slides into and do not engaged with a shelves gear 503 and intermediate gear 504, and second Straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly 514 orders about the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 and slides into third gear 505 and fourth gear 506 not Engagement, reverse speed fork component 515 orders about back gear 512 and is engaged with intermediate gear 504, the power of walking input bevel gear 511 Successively the second rotating shaft 502 is transferred to through reverse gear bevel gear 510, back gear 512 and intermediate gear 504.
After above-mentioned many gear rotating switching mechanisms are combined with height quick change gear mechanism, 2 × 4 totally 8 can be further realized Drive shift, high speed reverse, a low reverse gears and a neutral gear, namely height quick change gear mechanism is under high-speed drive state, moves Power through height quick change gear mechanism and many gear rotating switching mechanisms can realize the different drive shift of four gearratios and one it is high Fast reverse gear, height quick change gear mechanism under Low transmission state, through height quick change gear mechanism and many gear rotatings change by power Mechanism can realize the different drive shift of four additional gearratio and a low reverse gears.Using many gear rotating switching mechanisms with After the combination of height quick change gear mechanism, its gear is reasonable in design, easy to operate, can well adapt to each operating mode operation speed of agricultural machinery The requirement of degree.
The multiple-speed gear-box of the agricultural crawler body of the present embodiment, its power input shaft 1 and many gear rotatings of twin shaft become The first rotating shaft 501 of speed variator 5 uses orthogonal 90 ° of arranged crosswise forms, can greatly improve the knot of multiple-speed gear-box Structure compactedness.In many gear rotating speed change gears 5 of its twin shaft, straight trip shelves bevel gear 509 and reverse gear bevel gear 510 are using coaxial Design, carries out the power transmission of drive shift and reverse gear respectively, greatly simplify reverse gear mechanism, reduces the number of axle and gear Amount, improves structural compactness and reduces cost；Also, using 510 two cones of straight trip shelves bevel gear 509 and reverse gear bevel gear Gear is input into bevel gear 511 and engages with the walking for being connected power input shaft 1, can preferably balance due to bevel gear engaged transmission The axial force of generation, reduces the axial motion of first rotating shaft 501；Compared to existing logical function gear, many gears of the twin shaft Rotating speed change gear 5 has axle and gear quantity is few, simple and compact for structure, lightweight, velocity adaptive scope wide, manufacturing cost Low, easy for installation the advantages of, in can be widely applied to the transmission system of caterpillar tractor.
In the present embodiment, operation shifter 4 includes that operation selector shaft 400, operation triple gear 401, the first operation are double Connection gear 402, the second operation duplicate gear 403 and operation fixed gear 404, operation selector shaft 400 are rotatably installed on case It is arranged side by side on body 100 and with power input shaft 1, operation output shaft 2 is connected with operation selector shaft 400 and synchronizes rotation, is made Industry triple gear 401 is rotatably installed on operation selector shaft 400, and operation fixed gear 404 is fixedly arranged on operation selector shaft 400 On, the second operation duplicate gear 403 is rotatably installed on power input shaft 1, and two of the second operation duplicate gear 403 Gear is often engaged with one of gear and operation fixed gear 404 of operation triple gear 401 respectively, the first operation duplex-gear Wheel 402 is slidedly arranged on power input shaft 1 vertically, and the first operation duplicate gear 402 can select one with the tooth of operation three by slip Two other gear engagement of wheel 401 is not engaged, operation shifter 4 with any gear of operation triple gear 401 Also include the operation pull-fork assembly 405 for ordering about the slip of the first operation duplicate gear 402.This kind of operation gear shift of structure type Mechanism 4 can greatly improve structural compactness on the premise of load and gearratio requirement is met, and make the overall dimensions of speed changer It is obviously reduced.And a conventionally employed duplicate gear and two shifters of fixed gear fit form, will load is met On the premise of asking, it is impossible to change the modulus and speed reducing ratio of gear, engine speed is exported to axle by primary speed-down, just must The diameter of axle gear must be increased, the overall dimensions of gearbox can so significantly increased.
The low speed duplicate gear 517 high of above-mentioned height quick change gear mechanism is rotatably installed on operation selector shaft 400, this Sample can reduce the quantity of axle, improve structural compactness, reduces cost.
One end of power input shaft 1 of the present embodiment is extend out to outside casing 100, and power input shaft 1 passes the position of casing 100 The place of putting is provided with bearing assembly, and the bearing assembly includes hubcap and bearing, and hubcap is bolted on casing 100, axle Hold between power input shaft 1 and hubcap, power input shaft 1 is rotated relative to casing 100, hubcap and power Lip-shaped sealed ring is additionally provided between input shaft 1, the other end of power input shaft 1 is arranged in casing 100 by bearing assembly.First The height quick change shelves gear 516 of operation duplicate gear 402 and first by spline empty set on power input shaft 1, can be along power Input shaft 1 is slided.Second operation duplicate gear 403 by spline empty set on power input shaft 1, in the on power input shaft 1 The axial both sides of two operation duplicate gear 403 are respectively provided with axle snap ring and gear back-up ring, and axle is carried out to the second operation duplicate gear 403 To spacing.The height quick change shelves height quick change shelves gear 519 of gear ring 518 and second is integrated part, and the integral piece is free to rotate On power input shaft 1, integral piece one end is provided with jack to empty set, in the walking input partial insertion of bevel gear 511 jack and leads to Cross spline to coordinate to realize synchronous axial system with integral piece, thrust is provided between the integral piece other end and the shaft shoulder of power input shaft 1 The straight trip shelves He of bevel gear 509 of ball bearing back-up ring and thrust ball bearing, thrust ball bearing and many gear rotating switching mechanisms The axial thrust load collective effect of bevel gear 511 is input into when reverse gear bevel gear 510 coordinates to walking to integral piece and walking input cone The axial limiting of gear 511.Operation selector shaft 400 and operation output shaft 2 are connected by spline housing realizes synchronous axial system, wherein, make Industry selector shaft 400 is arranged on casing 100 by two sets of bearing assemblies, and a set of axle is provided between operation output shaft 2 and casing 100 Bearing assembly, each bearing assembly can use prior art, can be including bearing (ball) cover and sealing ring etc..Operation triple gear 401 With the rotatable empty set of the second operation duplicate gear 403 on operation selector shaft 400, operation fixed gear 404 by spline with Operation selector shaft 400 coordinates, and using back-up ring, bushing to operation triple gear 401, the second operation duplicate gear 403 and operation Fixed gear 404 carries out axially position, prevents axial movement.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, low speed pull-fork assembly 520 high and operation pull-fork assembly 405 include dialling Fork 521 and the selector shaft 522 being fixedly installed on casing 100, shift fork 521 are slidedly arranged on selector shaft 522 and connect a slip and drives Moving part 523, sliding actuator 523 can use prior art, such as hand of telescopic cylinder, telescopic oil cylinder and existing speed changer Move gear mechanism etc.；Preferably, low speed pull-fork assembly 520 high and operation pull-fork assembly 405 share a selector shaft 522, namely The shift fork 521 of low speed pull-fork assembly 520 high and operation pull-fork assembly 405 is slidedly arranged on a selector shaft 522, tight to improve structure Gathering property, reduces cost.Further, gear shift elastic positioning member is additionally provided between selector shaft 522 and shift fork 521, for each Shift fork 521 is positioned under range state；Specifically, gear shift elastic positioning member include compress steel ball and stage clip, stage clip and Compress steel ball to be installed in successively on shift fork 521 and be open towards in the counterbore of selector shaft 522, stage clip is pressed in steel ball is compressed On selector shaft 522, multiple positioning counterbores are correspondingly arranged on selector shaft 522, sliding control respective gears in shift fork 521 is in When under each range state, compression steel ball is just corresponded in the one of positioning counterbore of press-in, so as to realize in the range state Under shift fork 521 is positioned, prevent shift fork 521 arbitrarily mobile.It is right on selector shaft 522 by taking low speed pull-fork assembly 520 high as an example Answer low speed pull-fork assembly 520 high to be provided with two positioning counterbores, when shift fork 521 be in make the first height quick change shelves gear 516 with When one of gear of low speed duplicate gear 517 high is engaged, compress steel ball and be just pressed into first positioning counterbore, work as shift fork 521, in when making the first height quick change shelves gear 516 be engaged with height quick change shelves gear ring 518, compress steel ball and are just pressed into second In individual positioning counterbore.Similarly, correspondence operation pull-fork assembly 405 is provided with three positioning counterbores on selector shaft 522, when shift fork 521 Just pressed in steel ball when the first operation duplicate gear 402 is engaged with one of gear of operation triple gear 401, is compressed Enter in first positioning counterbore, make the first operation duplicate gear 402 another with operation triple gear 401 when shift fork 521 is in When individual gear is engaged, compress steel ball and be just pressed into second positioning counterbore, the first operation duplicate gear is made when shift fork 521 is in 402 with any gear of operation triple gear 401 when not engaging, compresses steel ball and is just pressed into the 3rd positioning counterbore.
Preferably, the first height quick change shelves gear 516 and the first operation duplicate gear 402 are equipped with draw-in groove, the first height The corresponding shift fork 521 of quick change shelves gear 516 is provided with and is fastened in U-shaped card in the draw-in groove of the first height quick change shelves gear 516, and first makees The corresponding shift fork 521 of industry duplicate gear 402 is provided with the U-shaped card being fastened in the draw-in groove of the first operation duplicate gear 402, shift fork 521 can accordingly stir the first height quick change shelves gear 516 and the edge of the first operation duplicate gear 402 when being slided along selector shaft 522 Power input shaft 1 is slided.This kind of shift fork 521 is connected the structure type for coordinating with respective gears to be had simple structure, makes assembling Easily, advantage stable and reliable in work.
To provide power needed for operation, the operation output shaft 2 of the present embodiment is the connection operation equipment of above-mentioned operation output shaft 2 Used as rotary tillage shaft.When operation pull-fork assembly 405 orders about the little gear and operation triple gear of the first operation duplicate gear 402 During 401 engagement, the power of power input shaft 1 successively through the little gear of the first operation duplicate gear 402, operation triple gear 401, Second operation duplicate gear 403 and operation fixed gear 404 are transferred to operation selector shaft 400, and operation selector shaft 400 is with operation Output shaft 2 is rotated, and is now low speed operation shelves；When operation pull-fork assembly 405 orders about the gear wheel of the first operation duplicate gear 402 When being engaged with operation triple gear 401, the power of power input shaft 1 is successively through the gear wheel of the first operation duplicate gear 402, work Industry triple gear 401, the second operation duplicate gear 403 and operation fixed gear 404 are transferred to operation selector shaft 400, and operation is changed Shelves axle 400 rotates output operation power with operation output shaft 2, is now high-speed job shelves；When operation pull-fork assembly 405 is ordered about When two gears of the first operation duplicate gear 402 are not engaged with operation triple gear 401, the power of power input shaft 1 is not Operation selector shaft 400 is transferred to, operation selector shaft 400 is not rotated with operation output shaft 2, is now neutral gear.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, the first straight trip shelves shift fork group of many gear rotating speed change gears 5 of twin shaft The straight trip shelves of part 513, second pull-fork assembly 514 and reverse speed fork component 515 include shift fork 521 and are slidedly arranged on casing 100 Selector shaft 522, shift fork 521 is fixed on selector shaft 522, and selector shaft 522 is connected with a slip actuator 523, slides actuator 523 can use prior art, such as manual shifting mechanism of telescopic cylinder, telescopic oil cylinder and existing speed changer etc..It is preferred that , first the 513, second straight trip shelves of straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly pull-fork assembly 514 and reverse speed fork component 515 are respectively provided with one solely Vertical selector shaft 522, namely first the 513, second straight trip shelves of straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly pull-fork assembly 514 and reverse speed fork component 515 include independent shift fork 521 and selector shaft 522.In other embodiments, the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly 513, second is straight Row shelves pull-fork assembly 514, reverse speed fork component 515, low speed pull-fork assembly 520 high and operation pull-fork assembly 405 can also use upper The structure type of low speed pull-fork assembly 520 high and operation pull-fork assembly 405 is stated, or using the shift fork group of existing other forms Part.
Further, selector shaft 522 is slidably installed in the slide being fixed on casing 100, between selector shaft 522 and slide also Gear shift elastic positioning member is provided with, for being positioned to shift fork 521 under each range state；Specifically, gear shift is flexibly positioned Component includes compressing steel ball and stage clip, and slide is provided with counterbore of the opening towards selector shaft 522, and stage clip and compression steel ball are filled successively It is located in the counterbore and stage clip makes compression steel ball be close to selector shaft 522, selector shaft 522 is provided with multiple for being pressed into compression steel The positioning counterbore of pearl.When shift fork 521 slides control respective gears and is under each range state, compress steel ball and just correspond to pressure Enter in one of positioning counterbore, so as to realize positioning shift fork 521 under the range state, prevent shift fork 521 random It is mobile.By taking the first straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly 513 as an example, the straight trip shelves of correspondence first pull-fork assembly 513 is provided with three on selector shaft 522 Individual positioning counterbore, when shift fork 521 is in the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 is engaged with a shelves gear 503, compresses steel ball just In first positioning counterbore of press-in, when shift fork 521 is in the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 is engaged with intermediate gear 504, pressure Tight steel ball is just pressed into second positioning counterbore, and the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 and a shelves gear are made when shift fork 521 is in 503 and intermediate gear 504 when not engaging, compress steel ball and be just pressed into the 3rd positioning counterbore.
It is similar with low speed pull-fork assembly 520 high and operation pull-fork assembly 405 in the present embodiment, the first gear shift duplicate gear 507th, the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 and back gear 512 are equipped with draw-in groove, the corresponding shift fork of the first gear shift duplicate gear 507 521 are provided with and are fastened in U-shaped card in the draw-in groove of the first gear shift duplicate gear 507, the corresponding shift fork of the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 521 are provided with the U-shaped card being fastened in the draw-in groove of the second gear shift duplicate gear 508, and the corresponding shift fork 521 of back gear 512 is provided with The U-shaped card in the draw-in groove of back gear 512 is fastened in, the first gear shift can be accordingly stirred when shift fork 521 is slided along selector shaft 522 Duplicate gear 507, the second gear shift duplicate gear 508 and back gear 512 are slided along first rotating shaft 501.This kind of shift fork 521 and phase Answering gear to connect the structure type for coordinating has the advantages that simple structure, makes and assemble easy, stable and reliable in work.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Figure 11 and Figure 12, planet wheel decelerator rear axle 3 includes rotatable Back axle main shaft 301 and two groups of planetary gear output precisions for being separately mounted to the two ends of back axle main shaft 301 on casing 100, Back axle main shaft 301 is connected by the second transmission mechanism with the second rotating shaft 502 of many gear rotating speed change gears 5 of twin shaft, each row Star-wheel output precision includes the central gear 302 being rotatably installed on back axle main shaft 301, is fixedly mounted on back axle main shaft Planetary wheel carrier 303 on 301 and drive shaft 304 on casing 100 is may be rotatably mounted at, drive shaft 304 is provided with output gear Wheel 305, is provided with multiple dual planetary gear groups for being engaged with central gear 302 and output gear 305 simultaneously on planetary wheel carrier 303, Dual planetary gear group includes expert's star-wheel 306, layman's star-wheel 307 and the rotatable planet wheel spindle being installed on planetary wheel carrier 303 308, expert's star-wheel 306 and layman's star-wheel 307 fixedly mount the two ends of planet wheel spindle 308, expert's star-wheel 306 and centre tooth respectively Wheel 302 is engaged, and layman's star-wheel 307 is engaged with output gear 305, and planet wheel decelerator rear axle 3 is also included for controlling two The rotating speed of central gear 302 of group planetary gear output precision and the course changing control mechanism for turning to.
In the present embodiment, course changing control mechanism includes turning to drive bevel gear 309 and turns to drive bevel gear for driving 309 rotary drive 311, the central gear 302 of each planetary gear output precision is connected with steering driven wheel of differential 312, two The steering driven wheel of differential 312 that the central gear 302 of group planetary gear output precision is affixed is divided into steering drive bevel gear 309 Both sides and with turn to drive bevel gear 309 engage.The rotary drive 311 of the present embodiment specifically uses hydraulic motor, can be with Realize electrodeless variable-speed, hydraulic motor is mounted by means of bolts on casing 100, turn to drive bevel gear 309 by spline with Hydraulic motor is connected, and turns to axial thrust load when drive bevel gear 309 coordinates by turning to driven wheel of differential 312 and hydraulic pressure horse Up to axially position.
In the present embodiment, the second transmission mechanism includes the He of transmission gear 601 being fixedly mounted in the second rotating shaft 502 The transfer driven gear 602 on back axle main shaft 301 is fixedly mounted on, transmission gear 601 is nibbled with transfer driven gear 602 Close, the power of the second rotating shaft 502 is transferred to back axle main shaft 301.Transmission gear 601 is arranged on the by spline fitted In two rotating shafts 502, a shelves gear 503, intermediate gear 504, third gear 505, fourth gear 506 and transmission gear 601 Axially position is carried out by bushing and bearing in the second rotating shaft 502.After transfer driven gear 602 is arranged on by spline fitted On bridge main shaft 301, by the bearing on back axle main shaft 301 and back-up ring axially position.
The rotatable empty set of central gear 302 of the present embodiment is arranged on back axle main shaft 301, and by located at back axle master The shaft shoulder and axle snap ring axially position on axle 301；Planetary wheel carrier 303 is arranged on back axle main shaft 301 by spline fitted, and By the shaft shoulder and axle the snap ring axially position on back axle main shaft 301；Planet wheel spindle 308 is installed by two bearings and is expert at On star wheel frame 303, can freely rotate, expert's star-wheel 306 and layman's star-wheel 307 are arranged on planetary gear by spline fitted respectively On axle 308, and respectively by the shaft shoulder and axle the snap ring axially position on planet wheel spindle 308.
In the present embodiment, each planetary gear output precision of correspondence is mounted on for being made to drive shaft 304 on casing 100 Dynamic brake apparatus 310.
The planet wheel decelerator rear axle 3 can need to realize cast, one side brake and hydraulic motor according to different Three kinds of steering forms of assisted diversion, its flexibility is high, adaptable.When cast is turned to, the control many gears of twin shaft are positive and negative Power is not transferred to back axle main shaft 301 by transformation speed variator 5, and back axle main shaft 301 is not rotated, and is directly provided by course changing control mechanism Electronic-controlled power steering, now rotary drive 311 drive and turn to drive bevel gear 309 and rotate, make turning for two groups of planetary gear output precisions Rotated backward to driven wheel of differential 312 is relative, so it is also relatively reverse with two groups of central gears of planetary gear output precision 302 Rotate, two groups of central gears of planetary gear output precision 302 order about corresponding dual planetary gear group and rotate, two groups of planetary gear output groups The dual planetary gear group of part is ordered about two drive shafts 304 and is rotated again, and final two rotation directions of drive shaft 304 are conversely, and rotating speed phase It is equal Deng, torque, realize cast.
One side brake turn to when, radius of turn depend on crawler body crawler belt width, power input shaft 1 power and The power of course changing control mechanism drives under the lower or driving of single power jointly, can be turned to using one side brake.With list As a example by side braking is turned right, 310 pairs of the right drive shafts 304 of brake apparatus are braked, and many gear rotating speed change gears 5 of twin shaft will Power is transferred to back axle main shaft 301, and back axle main shaft 301 drives two groups of planetary wheel carriers of planetary gear output precision 303 to rotate, planet Wheel carrier 303 revolves round the sun around central gear 302, while the revolution of dual planetary gear group and autobiography on planetary wheel carrier 303, because the right drives Axle 304 is not rotated under on-position, and output gear 305 is not also rotated, and power is through the right dual planetary gear group, the right central gear 302nd, the right turns to driven wheel of differential 312, turns to drive bevel gear 309, left side steering driven wheel of differential 312, left side centre tooth Wheel 302, left side dual planetary gear group is transferred to left side drive shaft 304, left side drive shaft 304 is rotated with double power, so that real Existing right turn.Namely during one side brake steering, the drive shaft 304 of brake side is braked without rotating, and the power of brake side is through row Star-wheel output precision and steering drive bevel gear 309 are transferred to non-brake side.If the auxiliary of rotary drive 311 is turned right, that is, increase Plus the moment of torsion of drive bevel gear 309 is turned to when turning to, its kind of drive is constant.
During hydraulic motor assisted diversion, radius of turn depends on the collective effect of travel speed and hydraulic motor rotary speed, is Radius of turn maximum in three kinds of steering forms.Two groups of planetary gear output groups are driven in many gear rotating speed change gears 5 of twin shaft While 303 constant velocity rotation in the same direction of planetary wheel carrier of part, rotary drive 311 drives two groups of centre tooths of planetary gear output precision 302 reverse constant velocity rotations are taken turns, now the rotating speed of two groups of dual planetary gear groups of planetary gear output precision is unequal, order about both sides driving The rotating speed of axle 304 is also unequal, so as to realize turning to.
The planet wheel decelerator rear axle 3 of the present embodiment uses the WW type planetary gears in 2K-H types, compared to existing change The quantity of gear and axle is less used by fast device, it is to avoid causes using large-scale parts such as external toothings that assembly difficulty is big, take The problems such as space is big, weight is high, can realize big speed ratio with small space arrangement, and multi point engagement also increases gear transmission The ability and reliability of moment of torsion.It sets course changing control two groups of rotating speeds of the central gear of planetary gear output precision 302 of mechanism controls And steering, planet wheel decelerator rear axle 3 is integrated functional diversities, not only with common differential function, and utilize Course changing control mechanism is aided in, and is capable of achieving various steering forms such as straight-line travelling, pivot stud, differential steering, and it turns to spirit Activity is high, adaptable, has more preferable adaptability for the complex environment of agricultural mechanical operation.Brake apparatus 310 is being set Drive shaft 304 can also be braked respectively afterwards, can be used to coordinate one side brake to turn to, it is also possible to for stopping brake.With it is same Function gearbox back axle is compared, the planet wheel decelerator rear axle 3 is simplified with structure, matching requirements are low, bulk is small, The advantages of transmitting torque is big, in can be widely applied to transmission system.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, brake apparatus 310 includes the axle sleeve 3101 being fixedly arranged on casing 100, Axle sleeve 3101 is sheathed on outside drive shaft 304, and the stator group being made up of multi-disc braking stator 3102 is provided with axle sleeve 3101, many Piece brakes stator 3102 and slides setting along the axial direction of drive shaft 304, correspondence arbitrary neighborhood two panels braking stator in drive shaft 304 3102 are mounted on a piece of braking moving plate 3103 being inserted between the adjacent two panels braking stator 3102, braking moving plate 3103 edge Axially it is slidedly arranged in drive shaft 304, be provided between the braking stator 3102 and axle sleeve 3101 of stator group one end is carried out to stator group Brake pad 3104 used by axial limiting and maintenance compensation, the stator group other end is provided with braking briquetting 3105, brake apparatus 310 Also include for driving braking briquetting 3105 to coordinate the braking drive component for compressing or unclamping stator group with brake pad 3104.
In the present embodiment, braking drive component includes spragging gear 3106, braking tooth bar 3107 and drives braking tooth bar 3107 reciprocating telescopic drive parts（Not shown in figure）, brake briquetting 3105 and be axially slidedly arranged on axle sleeve along drive shaft 304 On 3101, spragging gear 3106 is sheathed in drive shaft 304 and can be rotated relative to drive shaft 304 and axial along drive shaft 304 Slide, spragging gear 3106 is connected with braking briquetting 3105 helical chisel teeth, brakes tooth bar 3107 and spragging gear 3106 Engagement, is additionally provided with the stop member for preventing spragging gear 3106 from being slided to the direction away from stator group on axle sleeve 3101.
Above-mentioned multi-disc braking stator 3102 is slidably installed in axle sleeve 3101 and is specifically, and each braking stator 3102 is rotatably arranged In in drive shaft 304, braking stator 3102 outer is provided with external splines, and the internal spline that the inwall of axle sleeve 3101 is provided with, each braking is fixed The external splines of piece 3102 is beneficial to ensure with the internal spline of axle sleeve 3101 along the axial sliding fit of drive shaft 304, this kind of structure and mode The stability that braking stator 3102 is slided.Braking briquetting 3105 is axially slidedly arranged in axle sleeve 3101 along drive shaft 304, system Dynamic pressure block 3105 is sheathed in drive shaft 304 and can be rotated relative to drive shaft 304 and be slided along drive shaft 304, is pressed in braking The outer of block 3105 is provided with external splines, brakes the external splines of briquetting 3105 with the internal spline of axle sleeve 3101 along the axial direction of drive shaft 304 It is slidably matched, this kind of structure and mode are beneficial to raising structural compactness and reduces cost, and convenient processing and assembling.It is above-mentioned many It is specifically that drive shaft 304 is provided with external splines, respectively brakes moving plate that piece braking moving plate 3103 is slidedly arranged in drive shaft 304 vertically 3103 are provided with to be sheathed on the external splines of drive shaft 304 and slid axially along drive shaft 304 with the external splines of drive shaft 304 and match somebody with somebody Conjunction, braking moving plate 3103 is rotated with drive shaft 304, and this kind of structure and mode are beneficial to the steady of the guarantee braking slip of moving plate 3103 It is qualitative.Above-mentioned stop member includes positioning bushing 3109, interior snap ring 3111 and between drive shaft 304 and axle sleeve 3101 Rolling bearing 3110, positioning bushing 3109 is located between spragging gear 3106 and rolling bearing 3110, and spragging gear 3106, fixed Position bushing 3109 and rolling bearing 3110 are close to successively, and interior snap ring 3111 is arranged in axle sleeve 3101 and positioned at rolling bearing 3110 Away from the side of spragging gear 3106, prevent rolling bearing 3110 from axial to away from spragging gear 3106 along drive shaft 304 Direction is moved, and this kind of structure and mode are conveniently processed and assembled beneficial to raising structural compactness and reduces cost.Above-mentioned system Moving gear 3106 is connected particular by the spiral on spragging gear 3106 with braking briquetting 3105 helical chisel teeth Chisel teeth is coordinated with the reverse acting spiral chisel teeth on braking briquetting 3105.Above-mentioned telescopic drive part can use existing Combination of telescopic cylinder, telescopic oil cylinder and motor and hydraulic motor and rotational alignment switching mechanism in technology etc..
When telescopic drive part drives braking 3107 linear reciprocating motion of tooth bar, braking tooth bar 3107 accordingly orders about spragging gear 3106 positive and negative rotations, when spragging gear 3106 is rotated forward, braking briquetting 3105 is not rotated, and spragging gear 3106 is pressed with braking Helical chisel teeth between block 3105 staggers, gap increase between spragging gear 3106 and braking briquetting 3105, and because braking Gear 3106 leans against positioning bushing 3109, rolling bearing 3110 and interior snap ring 3111, and interior snap ring 3111 is stuck in axle sleeve 3101, is made Moving gear 3106 can not be moved along the inside direction of snap ring 3111 of the axle of drive shaft 304, so promoting braking briquetting 3105 to stator group It is mobile, so as to compress the gap of the braking stator 3102 and braking moving plate 3103 in axle sleeve 3101, brake the multi-disc of stator group Stator 3102 is close to each other to compress braking moving plate 3103, during using braking bonded to each other between stator 3102 and braking moving plate 3103 Frictional force realize braking；When braking tooth bar 3107 and ordering about spragging gear 3106 and rotate backward, spragging gear 3106 and braking Chisel teeth dislocation between briquetting 3105 reduces, and gap reduces between spragging gear 3106 and braking briquetting 3105, brakes briquetting 3105 no longer compress braking stator 3102 and braking moving plate 3103 in axle sleeve 3101, do not produce braking action.
The present embodiment brake apparatus 310 is staggered to brake stator 3102 and brake moving plate 3103 using multi-disc and coordinated to driving Moving axis 304 is braked, and can substantially increase brake force, is improved braking ability and reliability, and is braked stator 3102, braking and moves Piece 3103, the braking brake component such as briquetting 3105 and brake pad 3104 are installed in axle sleeve 3101, will not be subject to outside ash Dirt or the foreign object of splashing are influenceed, and foreign object can be avoided to enter and braking is influenceed, and extend service life.The brake apparatus 310 has There is compact conformation, occupy little space, make assembly difficulty and require low, easily controllable.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation Example.To those of ordinary skill in the art, the improvement and change resulting in the case where the technology of the present invention concept thereof is not departed from Change and also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body, including casing（100）, the casing（100）It is middle to install dynamic defeated Enter axle（1）, operation output shaft（2）With planet wheel decelerator rear axle（3）, the power input shaft（1）With operation output shaft （2）By operation shifter（4）It is connected, it is characterised in that：The power input shaft（1）Become by many gear rotatings of twin shaft Speed variator（5）With planet wheel decelerator rear axle（3）It is connected, many gear rotating speed change gears of twin shaft（5）Including simultaneously Row is arranged on casing（100）In first rotating shaft（501）With the second rotating shaft（502）, the first rotating shaft（501）With the second rotating shaft （502）Between be provided with many gear rotating switching mechanisms, the first rotating shaft（501）Positioned at power input shaft（1）One end and With power input shaft（1）Vertically, the first rotating shaft（501）By the first transmission mechanism and power input shaft（1）It is connected, it is described Second rotating shaft（502）By the second transmission mechanism and planet wheel decelerator rear axle（3）It is connected.
2. the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Many gear rotatings Switching mechanism includes a shelves gear（503）, intermediate gear（504）, third gear（505）, fourth gear（506）, the first gear shift Duplicate gear（507）, the second gear shift duplicate gear（508）, straight trip shelves bevel gear（509）With reverse gear bevel gear（510）, described One transmission mechanism includes and power input shaft（1）Connected walking input bevel gear（511）, a shelves gear（503）, two grades Gear（504）, third gear（505）And fourth gear（506）It is fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft（502）On, first gear shift Duplicate gear（507）It is slidedly arranged on first rotating shaft（501）Go up and one and one shelves gear can be selected by slip（503）And intermediate gear （504）Engagement or with a shelves gear（503）And intermediate gear（504）Do not engage, the second gear shift duplicate gear（508） It is slidedly arranged on first rotating shaft（501）Go up and one and third gear can be selected by slip（505）And fourth gear（506）Engagement or with Third gear（505）And fourth gear（506）Do not engage, the straight trip shelves bevel gear（509）It is fixedly installed in first rotating shaft （501）On, the reverse gear bevel gear（510）Rotatably it is sheathed on first rotating shaft（501）On, the straight trip shelves bevel gear （509）With reverse gear bevel gear（510）It is divided into walking input bevel gear（511）Both sides and with walking input bevel gear（511） Engagement, the reverse gear bevel gear（510）Upper slip is provided with can be by sliding and a shelves gear（503）, intermediate gear（504）、 Third gear（505）And fourth gear（506）Wherein at least one is engaged or out of mesh back gear（512）, it is described Many gear rotating switching mechanisms are also included for ordering about the first gear shift duplicate gear（507）The the first straight trip shelves shift fork group slided Part（513）, for ordering about the second gear shift duplicate gear（508）The the second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly for sliding（514）With for ordering about Back gear（512）The reverse speed fork component of slip（515）.
3. the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The walking input cone tooth Wheel（511）Rotatably it is installed on power input shaft（1）Above and by a height quick change gear mechanism and power input shaft（1）It is connected It is driven, the height quick change gear mechanism includes the first height quick change shelves gear（516）With low speed duplicate gear high（517）, The walking input bevel gear（511）It is connected with the height quick change shelves gear ring of synchronous axial system（518）With the second height quick change shelves tooth Wheel（519）, the low speed duplicate gear high（517）Rotatably it is installed on casing（100）In an axle on, described first is high Low speed change gear（516）It is slidedly arranged on power input shaft（1）Go up and one can be selected with low speed duplicate gear high by slip（517）'s One of gear and height quick change shelves gear ring（518）Engagement, the low speed duplicate gear high（517）Another gear and Two height quick change shelves gears（519）Engagement, the height quick change gear mechanism is also included for ordering about the first height quick change shelves gear （516）The low speed pull-fork assembly high for sliding（520）.
4. the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The operation shifter （4）Including operation selector shaft（400）, operation triple gear（401）, the first operation duplicate gear（402）, the second operation duplex-gear Wheel（403）With operation fixed gear（404）, the operation selector shaft（400）Rotatably it is installed on casing（100）It is upper and with it is dynamic Power input shaft（1）It is arranged side by side, the operation output shaft（2）With operation selector shaft（400）It is connected, the operation triple gear （401）Rotatably it is installed on operation selector shaft（400）On, the operation fixed gear（404）It is fixedly arranged on operation selector shaft （400）On, the second operation duplicate gear（403）Rotatably it is installed on power input shaft（1）On, and the second operation duplex Gear（403）Two gears respectively with operation triple gear（401）One of gear and operation fixed gear（404）Nibble Close, the first operation duplicate gear（402）It is slidedly arranged on power input shaft（1）Go up and one can be selected with the tooth of operation three by slip Wheel（401）Two other gear engagement or with operation triple gear（401）Any gear do not engage, the operation is changed Gear mechanism（4）Also include for ordering about the first operation duplicate gear（402）The operation pull-fork assembly of slip（405）.
5. the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The first straight trip shelves are dialled Fork component（513）, second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly（514）, reverse speed fork component（515）, low speed pull-fork assembly high（520）And work Industry pull-fork assembly（405）Include shift fork（521）, selector shaft（522）With slip actuator（523）, the first straight trip shelves group Fork component（513）, second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly（514）With reverse speed fork component（515）It is respectively provided with an independent gear shift Axle（522）, the low speed pull-fork assembly high（520）With operation pull-fork assembly（405）Share a selector shaft（522）；Described One straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly（513）, second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly（514）With reverse speed fork component（515）In, selector shaft （522）It is slidedly arranged on casing（100）On, shift fork（521）It is fixed in selector shaft（522）On, selector shaft（522）With slip actuator （523）It is connected；The low speed pull-fork assembly high（520）With operation pull-fork assembly（405）In, selector shaft（522）It is fixedly installed in Casing（100）On, shift fork（521）It is slidedly arranged on selector shaft（522）It is upper and with slide actuator（523）It is connected.
6. the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The first straight trip shelves are dialled Fork component（513）, second straight trip shelves pull-fork assembly（514）With reverse speed fork component（515）Selector shaft（522）With casing （100）Between and low speed pull-fork assembly high（520）With operation pull-fork assembly（405）Selector shaft（522）With shift fork（521） Between be additionally provided with gear shift elastic positioning member；The first gear shift duplicate gear（507）, the second gear shift duplicate gear（508）, fall Shelves bevel gear（510）, the first height quick change shelves gear（516）With the first operation duplicate gear（402）It is equipped with draw-in groove, described One gear shift duplicate gear（507）, the second gear shift duplicate gear（508）, reverse gear bevel gear（510）, the first height quick change shelves gear （516）With the first operation duplicate gear（402）Corresponding shift fork（521）It is provided with the U-shaped card being fastened in the draw-in groove.
7. the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that：It is described Planet wheel decelerator rear axle（3）Including being rotatably arranged on casing（100）On back axle main shaft（301）Be respectively mounted In back axle main shaft（301）Two groups of planetary gear output precisions at two ends, the back axle main shaft（301）By second transmission mechanism With the second rotating shaft（502）It is connected, the planetary gear output precision includes rotatably being installed on back axle main shaft（301）On center Gear（302）, be fixedly mounted on back axle main shaft（301）On planetary wheel carrier（303）And may be rotatably mounted at casing（100）On Drive shaft（304）, the drive shaft（304）It is provided with output gear（305）, the planetary wheel carrier（303）On be provided with it is many It is individual while and central gear（302）And output gear（305）The dual planetary gear group of engagement, the dual planetary gear group includes inner planet Wheel（306）, layman's star-wheel（307）Be rotatably installed on planetary wheel carrier（303）On planet wheel spindle（308）, the expert Star-wheel（306）With layman's star-wheel（307）Planet wheel spindle is fixedly mounted respectively（308）Two ends, expert's star-wheel（306）With in Heart gear（302）Engagement, layman's star-wheel（307）With output gear（305）Engagement, the planet wheel decelerator rear axle （3）Also include for controlling two groups of central gears of planetary gear output precision（302）Rotating speed and the course changing control mechanism for turning to.
8. the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The course changing control mechanism Including turning to drive bevel gear（309）Drive bevel gear is turned to for driving（309）Rotary drive（311）, each planet Take turns the central gear of output precision（302）It is connected with steering driven wheel of differential（312）, two groups of steerings of planetary gear output precision Driven wheel of differential（312）It is divided into steering drive bevel gear（309）Both sides and with turn to drive bevel gear（309）Engagement.
9. the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The casing（100）On Each planetary gear output precision of correspondence is mounted on for drive shaft（304）The brake apparatus braked（310）, the braking Device（310）Including being fixedly arranged on casing（100）On axle sleeve（3101）, the axle sleeve（3101）It is sheathed on drive shaft（304）Outward Portion, the axle sleeve（3101）Inside it is provided with and stator is braked by multi-disc（3102）The stator group of composition, multi-disc braking stator（3102） Along drive shaft（304）Axial direction is slided and set, the drive shaft（304）Upper correspondence arbitrary neighborhood two panels braking stator（3102） It is mounted on a piece of being inserted in the adjacent two panels braking stator（3102）Between braking moving plate（3103）, the braking moving plate （3103）Drive shaft is slidedly arranged on vertically（304）On, the braking stator of described stator group one end（3102）With axle sleeve（3101）It Between be provided with brake pad（3104）, the stator group other end is provided with braking briquetting（3105）, the brake apparatus（310）Also include using Briquetting is braked in driving（3105）With brake pad（3104）Coordinate the braking drive component for compressing or unclamping stator group.
10. the multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The braking driving group Part includes spragging gear（3106）, braking tooth bar（3107）Tooth bar is braked with driving（3107）Reciprocating telescopic drive part, The braking briquetting（3105）Along drive shaft（304）Axially it is slidedly arranged on axle sleeve（3101）On, the spragging gear（3106）It is arranged In drive shaft（304）It is upper and can be relative to drive shaft（304）Rotate and along drive shaft（304）Slide axially, the spragging gear （3106）With braking briquetting（3105）Helical chisel teeth is connected, the braking tooth bar（3107）With spragging gear（3106）Nibble Close, the axle sleeve（3101）On be additionally provided with prevention spragging gear（3106）To the stop member that the direction away from stator group is slided.
CN201710178907.0A 2017-03-23 2017-03-23 The multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body Active CN106812925B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010036240A1 (en) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Drive device has main drive, where differential mechanism is operatively connected to main drive via input member, and two output shafts are switched and are drivable together with electric machine via coupling transmission mechanism
CN203946233U (en) * 2014-05-20 2014-11-19 重庆动霸科技有限公司 Preposition three shift transmissions of motor-tricycle
CN204004322U (en) * 2014-07-25 2014-12-10 湖南农业大学 Directly controlled type endless-track vehicle buncher
CN105042049A (en) * 2015-09-16 2015-11-11 湖南农业大学 Dual-power-input type crawler vehicle speed changer with built-in braking device
CN105864364A (en) * 2016-05-28 2016-08-17 河北工业大学 Compound planetary gearbox of wind driven generator
CN206694537U (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-12-01 湖南农业大学 The multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010036240A1 (en) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Drive device has main drive, where differential mechanism is operatively connected to main drive via input member, and two output shafts are switched and are drivable together with electric machine via coupling transmission mechanism
CN203946233U (en) * 2014-05-20 2014-11-19 重庆动霸科技有限公司 Preposition three shift transmissions of motor-tricycle
CN204004322U (en) * 2014-07-25 2014-12-10 湖南农业大学 Directly controlled type endless-track vehicle buncher
CN105042049A (en) * 2015-09-16 2015-11-11 湖南农业大学 Dual-power-input type crawler vehicle speed changer with built-in braking device
CN105864364A (en) * 2016-05-28 2016-08-17 河北工业大学 Compound planetary gearbox of wind driven generator
CN206694537U (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-12-01 湖南农业大学 The multiple-speed gear-box of agricultural crawler body

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Application publication date: 20170609

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Denomination of invention: Multi stage transmission of agricultural crawler chassis

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