CN106768469A - The method that distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance is improved based on multi-wavelength polarised light - Google Patents
The method that distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance is improved based on multi-wavelength polarised light Download PDFInfo
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- CN106768469A CN106768469A CN201611041241.6A CN201611041241A CN106768469A CN 106768469 A CN106768469 A CN 106768469A CN 201611041241 A CN201611041241 A CN 201611041241A CN 106768469 A CN106768469 A CN 106768469A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/324—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Raman scattering
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance is improved based on multi-wavelength polarised light, comprise the following steps：The orthogonal polarised light of multi-wavelength is exported to Raman wavelength division multiplexer by polarization beam combiner and multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner, and by the public output mouthful output of Raman wavelength division multiplexer to sensing optic cable；Multi-wavelength polarised light produces reverse stokes light and anti-Stokes light in sensing optic cable；Reverse stokes light and anti-Stokes light enters the input of avalanche photodide by Raman wavelength division multiplexer, and opto-electronic conversion and amplification are carried out by it；Signal after amplification passes through data collecting card synchronous acquisition；The data of collection are demodulated by demodulating algorithm unit, to demodulate temperature information.The present invention can enable the maximum luminous power that distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor is carried improve many times, such that it is able to extend working sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor technology field, more particularly to a kind of inclined based on multi-wavelength
The light that shakes improves the method and system of distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance.
Background technology
Distributed optical fiber temperature sensor is a kind of optical fiber for real-time measurement space Temperature Distribution for developing in recent years
Sensor-based system.This technology is commercialized comparative maturity, but still suffers from some incomplete places.Current Raman distributed temperature
The direction of sensor development is high accuracy over long distances.
The SNR influence of the whole system operating distance of distributed fiberoptic sensor, and inject the signal to noise ratio of light pulse
It is the most critical factor of the operating distance for influenceing distributed fiberoptic sensor.Distributed fiber optic temperature for long reach is passed
Sensor, distance is more long, and the luminous power of end is weaker, and signal to noise ratio is lower.Meanwhile, influenceed by fiber nonlinear effect, limit
The maximum luminous power of injection light is made, distance is more long more is susceptible to nonlinear effect, so further to reduce incident light work(
Rate, material is thus formed vicious circle.In order to improve the signal to noise ratio of light pulse, it is necessary to improve power or reduce noise.But
Noise has individual lowest limit, in general can only improve the injection intensity of light source, and it is a kind of effectively simple to improve injection luminous intensity
Method, has been analyzed above, and luminous power is that have certain limit, be able to can be kept away by palarization multiplexing or multi-wavelength multiplex technology
Exempt from nonlinear effect, both combinations also can further improve the signal to noise ratio of incident light.
The content of the invention
For the defect or Improvement requirement of prior art, distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature is improved the invention provides one kind
The method for spending working sensor distance, its object is to producing a kind of simple structure, low cost, simple effective method increases
Operating distance.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
Offer is a kind of to be based on what multi-wavelength polarised light improved distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance
System, including multiple lasers, multiple polarization beam combiners, multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner, Raman wavelength division multiplexer, the pole of avalanche optoelectronic two
Pipe, data collecting card, demodulating algorithm unit and laser driving plate；
The input of multiple lasers is connected with laser driving plate；Two of which laser is one group, every group of laser
The orthogonal polarised light of two consistent beams of device output wavelength, every group of output end of laser connects with the input port of polarization beam combiner
Connect；Input of the output port of multiple polarization beam combiners with multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner is connected；
The output end of multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner is connected with the input port of Raman wavelength division multiplexer, Raman wavelength division multiplexer
Public output mouthful connection sensing optic cable；The signal port of Raman wavelength division multiplexer connects the input of avalanche photodide
End；
The output end of avalanche photodide light is connected with data collecting card, and data collecting card also connects with laser driving plate
Connect, the output end of data collecting card is connected with demodulating algorithm unit.
In system of the present invention, the output end of multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner is by polarization maintaining optical fibre and Raman wavelength-division multiplex
The input port connection of device.
In system of the present invention, the output end of each two laser is defeated with polarization beam combiner by polarization maintaining optical fibre
Inbound port is connected.
In system of the present invention, the output port of multiple bundling devices that shake is polarized with multi-wavelength by polarization maintaining optical fibre and closed
The input connection of beam device.
Distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor work is improved based on multi-wavelength polarised light present invention also offers one kind
The method for making distance, comprises the following steps：
The orthogonal polarised light of multi-wavelength is exported to Raman wavelength division multiplexer by multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner, and by drawing
Sensing optic cable is arrived in the public output mouthful output of graceful wavelength division multiplexer；
Multi-wavelength polarised light produces reverse stokes light and anti-Stokes light, reverse Si Tuo in sensing optic cable
Ke Si light and anti-Stokes light enter the input of avalanche photodide by Raman wavelength division multiplexer, and light is carried out by it
Electricity conversion and amplification, the signal after amplification pass through data collecting card synchronous acquisition；
The data of collection are demodulated by demodulating algorithm unit, to demodulate temperature information.
In method of the present invention, the polarization state of the two beam polarised lights exported by polarization beam combiner is constant.
In method of the present invention, differed by the light intensity of the orthogonal polarised light of two beams of polarization beam combiner and be no more than
3dB, consistent wavelength.
In method of the present invention, the wavelength for being input to the polarised light of different polarization bundling device is different, and wavelength is differed
No more than 10nm, light intensity difference is no more than 3dB.
The beneficial effect comprise that：By the present invention in that with the orthogonal polarised light of multi-wavelength so that distributed
The maximum luminous power that spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor can be carried improves many times, such that it is able to prolong working sensor distance
It is long.Polarization multiplexing is used alone, signal to noise ratio is improved 3dB.Multi-wavelength technology is used alone, can improve signal to noise ratio
10*log (N), N are number of wavelengths.Two kinds of technologies are used in combination, signal to noise ratio 10*log (2N) can be improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 is that the multi-wavelength of the distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance of embodiment of the present invention raising is orthogonal
Polarized light source design diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the system architecture of the distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance of embodiment of the present invention raising is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 is the method flow that the embodiment of the present invention improves distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance
Figure；
Fig. 4 is to scatter schematic diagram in optical fiber.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
On how to improve distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature-sensing system operating distance, the solution of existing scientific research personnel
There is a kind of thinking limitation in scheme, that is, multi wave length illuminating source monochromaticjty is deteriorated, noise increase.So existing scheme is typically all
The monochromaticjty of light source is improved, also just with Single wavelength, single longitudinal mode, the laser of narrow linewidth.Come for distributed spontaneous Raman scattering
Say, monochromaticjty is deteriorated using multi wave length illuminating source within the specific limits, noise increase, but signal increase is higher, then signal
Still increase with the ratio of noise, i.e., light source signal to noise ratio is improved.By years of researches, the present invention breaks mindset, carries
Go out with multi-wavelength to improve light source signal to noise ratio.The polarised light proposed with applicant in 2015 improves the scheme phase of light source signal to noise ratio
Than being obvious difference from principle.One is that using polarization, one utilize is multi-wavelength.
The system that the present invention improves distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance based on multi-wavelength polarised light,
Including multiple lasers, multiple polarization beam combiner, multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner, Raman wavelength division multiplexer, avalanche photodide,
Data collecting card, demodulating algorithm unit and laser driving plate；
The input of multiple lasers is connected with laser driving plate；Two of which laser is one group, every group of laser
The orthogonal polarised light of two consistent beams of device output wavelength, every group of output end of laser connects with the input port of polarization beam combiner
Connect；Input of the output port of multiple polarization beam combiners with multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner is connected；
The output end of multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner is connected with the input port of Raman wavelength division multiplexer, Raman wavelength division multiplexer
Public output mouthful connection sensing optic cable；The signal port of Raman wavelength division multiplexer connects the input of avalanche photodide
End；
The output end of avalanche photodide light is connected with data collecting card, and data collecting card also connects with laser driving plate
Connect, the output end of data collecting card is connected with demodulating algorithm unit.
Whole system is segmented into the two major parts of two parts, light source and subsequent treatment.It is implementation of the present invention that Fig. 1 shows
Example is a kind of to improve distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance multi-wavelength cross-polarization light source design drawing, in order to just
In explanation, the part related to the embodiment of the present invention is illustrate only, details are as follows：
The light source part of whole system includes first laser device (polarization maintaining optical fibre output) 1, polarization light output；Second laser
Device (polarization maintaining optical fibre output) 2, polarization light output；First polarization maintaining optical fibre 3, keeps the polarization state of linearly polarized light；Second polarization-maintaining light
Fine 4, keep the polarization state of linearly polarized light；First polarization beam combiner 5, two bunch polarize photosynthetic to one optical fiber in, and make partially
Polarization state is constant；3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 6, transmits the light of two beam orthogonal polarisation states；3rd laser (polarization maintaining optical fibre output) 7, output
Linearly polarized light；4th laser (polarization maintaining optical fibre output) 8, polarization light output；4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9, keeps linearly polarized light
Polarization state；5th polarization maintaining optical fibre 10, keeps the polarization state of linearly polarized light；Second polarization beam combiner 11, polarizes two bunch photosynthetic
To in an optical fiber, and make polarization state constant；6th polarization maintaining optical fibre 12, transmits the light of two beam orthogonal polarisation states；Multi-wavelength is polarized
Bundling device 13, in photosynthetic to one polarization maintaining optical fibre of polarization of multiple wavelength, and makes polarization state constant, and wavelength does not change；7th
Polarization maintaining optical fibre 14, transmits the light of multi-wavelength orthogonal polarisation state.
During light source works, each wavelength has the orthogonal polarised light of two beams；The light source intensity difference of different polarization states does not surpass
Cross 3dB；The light source intensity difference of different wave length is no more than 3dB.Whole light source is to conciliate to be taken after mixing with liquid business for the generation of follow-up signal
's.
Fig. 2 be a kind of method for improving distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance of the embodiment of the present invention and
System schematic；First laser device (polarization maintaining optical fibre output) 1, second laser (polarization maintaining optical fibre output) 2, first polarization maintaining optical fibre 3,
Second polarization maintaining optical fibre 4, the first polarization beam combiner 5, the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 6, the 3rd laser (polarization maintaining optical fibre output) the 7, the 4th swash
Light device (polarization maintaining optical fibre output) the 8, the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9, the 5th polarization maintaining optical fibre 10, the second polarization beam combiner 11, the 6th polarization-maintaining light
Fine 12, multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner 13, the 7th polarization maintaining optical fibre 14, Raman wavelength division multiplexer (Raman WDM) 15, sensing optic cable 16,
Avalanche photodide (APD) 17, data collecting card 18, demodulating algorithm unit 19 and laser driving plate 20.
Fig. 1 is 1~14 device composition in Fig. 2, and the polarised light that the multi-wavelength of output is orthogonal is linked into Raman WDM's
1550nm input ports；The public output mouthful connection sensing optic cable of Raman WDM, generates reverse Si Tuo in sensing optic cable
Ke Si light and anti-Stokes light；Reverse stokes light and anti-Stokes light enters avalanche optoelectronic two by Raman WDM
The input of pole pipe；Flashlight by APD opto-electronic conversions and amplification, into data collecting card, at the same laser drive produce it is same
Step signal is to data collecting card, synchronous acquisition；Algorithm unit is finally demodulated, temperature information is demodulated.
Temperature demodulation algorithm unit can use various demodulating algorithms, and the demodulating algorithm principle that the embodiment of the present invention is used is such as
Under：
Raman diffused light is made up of stokes light (Stoker) and anti-Stokes light (Anti-Stoker), both
The side-play amount of the wavelength of light is determined that stokes light and anti-Stokes luminous intensity have light with temperature by the material of optical fiber, its pass
System is as follows
Stoker luminous intensities：
Anti-Stoker luminous intensities：
λ in formulas：Stokes optical wavelength；λas：Anti-Stokes optical wavelength；Δν：Raman frequency shift；c：Light in vacuum
Speed；h：Planck constant；k：Boltzmann is normal most；T：Absolute temperature.
In practice, the two intensity curve signal to noise ratios for being obtained due to the presence of white noise are very poor, it is necessary to pass through a plurality of curve
Add up to improve signal to noise ratio (signal is cumulative to be strengthened, and white noise is cumulative to be weakened), then carry out next step demodulation.
The system uses the temperature demodulation mode of Anti-Stokes and Stokes scattering ratios, in systems in practice except optical fiber
Temperature factor outside, can all have influence on Anti-Stokes light intensity situations such as the power swing of light impulse source, fibre-optical bending deform
Degree.By Stokes light as reference channel, with the scattering ratio of Anti-Stokes and Stokes luminous intensities as temperature factor, can
It is effective to improve certainty of measurement.
For a known scaled temperature T0, above formula can be expressed as：
The distributed temperature information of sensing optic cable can be so demodulated by above formula.
Innovative point of the invention and characteristic are that, using multi wave length illuminating source and polarised light, principle is as follows：
Ramam effect has an important feature, and it is a monochromatic light that stimulated Raman scattering threshold value is corresponding in theory,
Actually our light source has line width, and line width is narrower, and monochromaticjty is better.Line width is wider, and monochromaticjty is poorer.If we adopt
It is exactly spectrum light source wider from frequency spectrum with the light source of monochromaticjty difference, its gross energy can be very high, but will not occur
Excited Raman effect, because being assigned to each monochromatic energy is not reaching to Raman threshold.
The frequency displacement of Raman spectrum has certain line width, as shown in Figure 4 near 13THz.During the signal that APD is received
The gross energy of light in certain line width, is a kind of demodulation of intensity, and the monochromaticjty of light source is unrelated.
Ramam effect also has an important feature, and the polarization state for exactly scattering light is identical with incident light, scatters light and incidence
The energy of light can occur mutual phase in version.Orthogonal polarised light increases incident optical power, that is, increases the strong of scattered signal
Degree.But because polarization direction is inconsistent, the influence to stimulated Raman scattering is independent, is independent of each other, then will not be occurred
Stimulated Raman scattering.This increase for just solving luminous power well can bring the generation of optical non-linear effect.
In sum, we can widen Light source line width by using multi-wavelength polarization laser light source in theory, improve light
Source to-noise ratio, improves incident light source power, but do not cause excited Raman effect.The optical signal of APD collections simultaneously is hardly received
Influence, at the same time signal intensity also increases.Light source signal to noise ratio improves 10*log (2N) in theory, and N is the number of wavelengths of multiplexing,
Calculated according to current fibre loss 0.2dB/km, working sensor distance extension 25*log (2N) kilometer can be made.
The method of the distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance of raising of the embodiment of the present invention, based on above-mentioned
System, as shown in figure 3, mainly including the following steps that：
S1, the orthogonal polarised light of multi-wavelength is exported to Raman wavelength-division by polarization beam combiner and multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner
Multiplexer, and by the public output of Raman wavelength division multiplexer mouthful output to sensing optic cable；
S2, multi-wavelength polarised light produce reverse stokes light and anti-Stokes light in sensing optic cable；
S3, reverse stokes light and anti-Stokes light enter avalanche photodide by Raman wavelength division multiplexer
Input, carry out opto-electronic conversion and amplification by it；
Signal after S4, amplification passes through data collecting card synchronous acquisition；
S5, the data of collection are demodulated by demodulating algorithm unit, to demodulate temperature information.
To sum up, main advantages of the present invention have：
(1) working sensor distance extension 25*log (2N) kilometer.Because the just different wave length of N number of laser output
Polarization state is orthogonal under light, and Same Wavelength so that distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor can be carried most
Big luminous power improves 2N times, and the sensitivity of sensor and signal to noise ratio improve 10*log (2N) dB.According to current fibre loss
0.2dB/km is calculated, and can make working sensor distance extension 25*log (2N) kilometer.For at present, distributed Raman temperature is passed
10 kilometers of technologies of sensor are comparative maturities, and 30 kilometers are not commercialized substantially, and all in development, this method makes operating distance
It is an important improvement in distributed sensing to postpone 25*log (N) inner.
(2) improve the certainty of measurement of sensor.The precision key influence factor of measurement is signal to noise ratio, determines signal to noise ratio
One key factor is the injection intensity of light source, and it is a kind of effectively simple method to improve injection luminous intensity.
(3) versatility is good.The method can also be used in other distributed sensors.The optical time domain reflection of such as communication
Meter OTDR, based on the Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques of Brillouin scattering principle, injection light pulse power is also limited by non-linear effect
Should, can similarly improve dynamic range.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or converted,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of system that distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance is improved based on multi-wavelength polarised light, including
Multiple lasers, multiple polarization beam combiners, multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner, Raman wavelength division multiplexer, avalanche photodide, data
Capture card, demodulating algorithm unit and laser driving plate；
The input of multiple lasers is connected with laser driving plate；Two of which laser is one group, and every group of laser is defeated
Go out the orthogonal polarised light of two beams of consistent wavelength, every group of output end of laser is connected with the input port of polarization beam combiner；
Input of the output port of multiple polarization beam combiners with multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner is connected；
The output end of multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner is connected with the input port of Raman wavelength division multiplexer, the public affairs of Raman wavelength division multiplexer
Output port connects sensing optic cable altogether；The signal port of Raman wavelength division multiplexer connects the input of avalanche photodide；
The output end of avalanche photodide light is connected with data collecting card, and data collecting card is also connected with laser driving plate,
The output end of data collecting card is connected with demodulating algorithm unit.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the output end of multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner passes through polarization maintaining optical fibre
Input port with Raman wavelength division multiplexer is connected.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the output end of each two laser by polarization maintaining optical fibre with
The input port connection of polarization beam combiner.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the shake output port of bundling devices of multiple passes through polarization maintaining optical fibre
Input with multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner is connected.
5. a kind of method that distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor operating distance is improved based on multi-wavelength polarised light, it is special
Levy and be, comprise the following steps：
The orthogonal polarised light of multi-wavelength is exported to Raman wavelength division multiplexer, and by Raman ripple by multi-wavelength polarization beam combiner
Sensing optic cable is arrived in the public output mouthful output of division multiplexer；
Multi-wavelength polarised light produces reverse stokes light and anti-Stokes light, reverse Stokes in sensing optic cable
Light and anti-Stokes light enter the input of avalanche photodide by Raman wavelength division multiplexer, and carrying out photoelectricity by it turns
Change and amplify, the signal after amplification passes through data collecting card synchronous acquisition；
The data of collection are demodulated by demodulating algorithm unit, to demodulate temperature information.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the polarization of the two beam polarised lights exported by polarization beam combiner
State is constant.
7. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that by the light of the orthogonal polarised light of two beams of polarization beam combiner
Strong difference is no more than 3dB, consistent wavelength.
8. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that be input to the wavelength of polarised light of different polarization bundling device not
Together, and wavelength difference be no more than 10nm, light intensity difference be no more than 3dB.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107860489A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-30 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of data optimization methods of distribution type fiber-optic temperature-sensitive warning system |
| CN112525373A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-19 | 广东工业大学 | Strain temperature simultaneous measurement device based on dual-wavelength polarization-maintaining optical fiber interferometer |
| CN113639892A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-12 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Fiber grating temperature sensor and quasi-distributed temperature measurement system |
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| CN203981185U (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-12-03 | 上海温光自动化技术有限公司 | OTDR device based on multi-Wavelength Pulses light signal |
| CN104568218A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 武汉理工光科股份有限公司 | Method for increasing working distance of distributed spontaneous Raman scattering temperature sensor |
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| US8902419B2 (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2014-12-02 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Detection apparatus |
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| CN107860489A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-30 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of data optimization methods of distribution type fiber-optic temperature-sensitive warning system |
| CN107860489B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-10-22 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of data optimization methods of distribution type fiber-optic temperature-sensitive alarm system |
| CN112525373A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-19 | 广东工业大学 | Strain temperature simultaneous measurement device based on dual-wavelength polarization-maintaining optical fiber interferometer |
| CN113639892A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-12 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Fiber grating temperature sensor and quasi-distributed temperature measurement system |
| CN113639892B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2024-02-02 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Fiber bragg grating temperature sensor and quasi-distributed temperature measurement system |
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