CN106767662A - A kind of coal mine roadway country rock deep multipoint displacement meter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-point displacement meter for the deep part of the surrounding rock of a coal mine roadway, which comprises a plurality of measuring point fixing blocks arranged at different depths in the borehole, a measuring line through hole is arranged inside the measuring point fixing block, and a middle part of the measuring point fixing block is The outer periphery is the anchoring part, and several anchoring nails are embedded in the anchoring part in the circumferential direction. One end of the measuring line is fixed in the middle of the through hole of the measuring line. Orifice, the other arm is provided with a transparent protective casing, the protective casing is provided with a scale plate and a constant resistance device, the constant resistance device presses the measuring line on the protective casing through a fastener, and a card mark is arranged on the measuring line. The invention can read data quickly and intuitively, and obtain the deep deformation information of the surrounding rock quickly and intuitively; the measuring point is anchored by resin, which is firm and reliable without loosening, the test data is accurate and reliable, and the cost is low; Only one hole is needed, and the hole is made quickly and at low cost; there is no circuit, and it is more suitable for the underground environment of coal mines.

Description

A multi-point displacement meter in the deep part of surrounding rock in coal mine roadway

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of stability monitoring of surrounding rocks in coal mine roadways, in particular to a multi-point displacement meter for the deep part of surrounding rocks in coal mine roadways.

Background technique

Surrounding rock deep displacement monitoring is an important content of coal mine roadway stability analysis. It is used to judge the deep stability of surrounding rock and the development and evolution state of plastic zone, and based on this to judge the timing of secondary support procedures such as anchor cables and grouting. Accurate, fast and intuitive grasp of the deep stable state of surrounding rock is extremely important for roadway support.

The currently used coal mine multi-point displacement gauge products have disadvantages such as easy looseness of the measuring point, data distortion, and time-consuming and laborious data reading, as well as high cost and difficulty in hole making (the installation hole diameter generally needs to be more than 70mm, and a heavy-duty drilling machine is required to make holes), etc. question. An important reason for data distortion caused by the easy loosening of deep displacement measurement points is that the current deep multi-point displacement measurement points are mostly fixed by cement grouting or purely mechanical attachment. The cement slurry has obvious brittle characteristics. When drilling When shrinkage cavity or surrounding rock is damaged, it is easy to cause loosening of measuring points, resulting in data distortion and misjudgment. The best material for fixing measuring points is resin anchoring agent, which has the characteristics of high strength and high toughness, but the deep drilling space is narrow, and the positioning and anchoring operation is very difficult. In addition, the current multi-point displacement meter in the deep part of the surrounding rock of coal mine roadway lacks an intuitive and fast data reading technology. The displacement data conversion requires a large amount of data processing. It is difficult to quickly and timely judge the evolution of the surrounding rock loose circle, and it is easy to miss the anchor cable The best time to wait for secondary support. If an intuitive and easy-to-read design method for deep multi-point displacement gauges can be developed, technicians and ordinary workers can quickly grasp the stability of deep surrounding rocks, which will provide great convenience for judging and implementing secondary support timing.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-point displacement meter for the deep part of the surrounding rock of coal mine roadway in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. It can accurately, quickly and intuitively monitor the deep displacement of the roadway surrounding rock.

A multi-point displacement meter for the deep part of the surrounding rock of a coal mine roadway, including several fixed blocks of measuring points arranged at different depths in the borehole, through holes for measuring lines are arranged inside the fixed blocks of measuring points, and the outer periphery of the middle part of the fixed blocks of measuring points is an anchoring part , the anchoring part is embedded with several anchor nails in the circumferential direction. The anchor nails are anchored on the wall of the drilled hole by the resin anchoring agent. The upper end of the fixed block of the measuring point is provided with an annular groove in the circumferential direction, and the annular groove is wound and sealed. Limiting cotton yarn, one end of the measuring line is fixed in the middle of the through hole of the measuring line, and the adjacent measuring point fixing blocks are connected by the measuring line protection sleeve, and the limit cotton yarn is wound on the measuring line protection sleeve at intervals, and the holes are drilled The reading instrument is installed at the mouth. The reading instrument is L-shaped as a whole. One arm of the reading instrument is cylindrical with a measuring line guide hole in the middle and is fixed at the hole hole through the hole resin anchoring agent. The other arm is provided with a Transparent protective shell, scale plate and constant resistance device are set on the protective shell, measuring line limit cards are set on both sides of the scale plate, measuring line limit cards are set on both sides of the constant resistance device, and the other end of the measuring line is passed through in turn. Exit the measuring line through-holes of each measuring point fixing block on the side of the drill hole and pass through the measuring line limit cards on both sides of the scale plate and the measuring line limit cards on both sides of the constant resistance along a straight line. The constant resistance presses the measuring line on the protective shell through the fastener, and the part of the measuring line located on the scale plate is provided with a card mark.

As mentioned above, the number of measuring line guide holes is greater than or equal to the number of measuring lines, different measuring lines pass through different measuring line guiding holes, and lubricating grease is applied to the measuring line guiding lines.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1) The data can be read quickly and intuitively, and the deep deformation information of surrounding rock can be obtained quickly and intuitively;

2) The measuring point is anchored by resin, which is firm and reliable without loosening, the test data is accurate and reliable, and the cost is low;

3) The requirements for installation holes are low, ordinary anchor cable drilling rigs can make holes, and the holes are made quickly and at low cost;

4) No circuit, more suitable for underground coal mine environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 (a) is the overall structural diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 1(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of A1-A1 in Fig. 1(a);

Fig. 1 (c) is A2-A2 sectional schematic diagram among Fig. 1 (a);

Fig. 2 is the front view of the reading instrument;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of displacement measuring points in the deep part of the surrounding rock of the roadway;

Figure 4 is a monitoring effect diagram of the reading instrument; in the figure, the solid triangle from top to bottom represents the displacement indication corresponding to the first measuring point, the second measuring point, the third measuring point, the fourth measuring point, and the fifth measuring point The original position of the target, the hollow triangle from top to bottom indicates the current position of the displacement indicator corresponding to the first measuring point, the second measuring point, the third measuring point, the fourth measuring point and the fifth measuring point;

Figure 5 is the effect diagram of the absolute displacement of the surrounding rock.

Among them: 1-fixed block of measuring point, 2-anchor nail, 3-groove, 4-package limit cotton yarn, 5-measuring line through hole, 6a-first measuring line, 6b-second measuring line, 7- Drilling, 8-Resin anchoring agent, 9-Measuring line protection sleeve, 10-Limiting cotton yarn, 11-Reader, 12-Orifice resin anchoring agent, 13-Measuring line guide hole, 14-Measuring line limit card , 15-scale plate, 16-resistor, 17-reader fixing hole, 18-displacement indicator, 19-protective shell, 20-hole, 21-first measuring point, 22-second measuring point, 23 -The third measuring point, 24-the fourth measuring point, 25-the fifth measuring point.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:

Example 1

A multi-point displacement meter for the deep part of the surrounding rock of a coal mine roadway, comprising several measuring point fixing blocks 1 arranged at different depths in a borehole 7, a measuring line through hole 5 is arranged inside the measuring point fixing block 1, and the middle part of the measuring point fixing block 1 The outer periphery of the anchoring part is the anchoring part, and several anchoring nails 2 are embedded in the circumferential direction of the anchoring part. The anchoring nails 2 are anchored on the hole wall of the borehole 7 by the resin anchoring agent 8, and the upper end of the measuring point fixing block 1 is circumferentially provided with an annular concave hole. Groove 3, the ring-shaped groove 3 is wrapped with a packing limit cotton yarn 4, one end of the measuring line 6 is fixed in the middle of the through hole 5 of the measuring line, and the adjacent measuring point fixing blocks 1 are connected by the measuring line protection sleeve 9 , the measuring line protection sleeve 9 is wound with limit cotton yarn 10 at intervals, and the reading instrument 11 is installed at the opening of the drilling hole 7. The reading instrument 11 is L-shaped as a whole, and one arm of the reading instrument 11 is provided with a measuring line guide hole in the middle. 13 is cylindrical and is fixed on the orifice of the drilled hole by the orifice resin anchoring agent 12, and the other arm is provided with a transparent protective shell 19, and the protective shell 19 is provided with a scale plate 15 and a constant resistance device 16, and the scale plate 15 Both sides are provided with measuring line limit cards 14, both sides of the constant resistance device 16 are provided with measuring line limit cards 14, and the other end of the measuring line 6 passes through each measuring point fixing block 1 on the side of the hole 7 in turn. The measuring line through hole 5 passes through the measuring line limit card 14 on both sides of the scale plate 15 and the measuring line limit card 14 on both sides of the constant resistance device 16 along a straight line. The measuring line 6 is pressed on the protective casing 19 , and the part of the measuring line 6 located on the scale plate 15 is provided with a card mark 18 .

The number of measuring line guide holes 13 is greater than or equal to the number of measuring lines 6 , different measuring lines 6 pass through different measuring line guiding holes 13 , and lubricating butter is smeared inside the measuring line guiding lines 13 .

Preferably, the measuring point fixing block 1 is made of hard plastic, and the measuring line through hole 5 is arranged inside. The outer periphery of the middle part of the measuring point fixing block 1 is an anchoring part, and 8 to 12 anchoring nails 2 are embedded in the anchoring part circumferentially. The nail 2 is anchored on the wall of the borehole 7 by the resin anchoring agent 8, and an annular groove 3 is arranged on the upper end of the measuring point fixing block 1 in the circumferential direction. The depth of the groove 3 is 2-4 mm, and the annular groove 3 is wound Packing and limiting cotton yarn 4, the diameter of packing and limiting cotton yarn 4 after winding is slightly larger than the diameter of drilling hole 7, and 3 to 5 measuring point fixing blocks 1 can be set along the length of the drilling hole according to test requirements, and each measuring point A measuring line 6 is fixed on the fixed block 1 and numbered sequentially, and the measuring line 6 is fixed in the middle of the inner wall of the through hole 5 of the measuring line. The measuring point fixing blocks 1 are connected by the measuring line protection sleeve 9 to prevent the later drilling shrinkage deformation from touching the measuring line 6, and the ends of the measuring line protection sleeve 9 extending into the ends of the measuring point fixing blocks 1 at both ends are fixed The limit cotton yarn 10 is wound every 1 to 1.5m on the measuring line protection sleeve 9, and the diameter of the limit cotton yarn 10 after winding is slightly larger than the diameter of the borehole 7. The measuring line 6 passes through the measuring line through hole 5 of the other measuring point fixing block 1 close to the hole of the borehole 7 in turn, and leads out of the borehole 7, and the reading instrument 11 is installed at the opening of the borehole 7 , the reading instrument 11 is L-shaped as a whole, and one of the arms is cylindrical with a measuring line guide hole 13 in the middle, and is fixed at the orifice through the orifice resin anchoring agent 12. The number is the same as the measuring line 6, and different measuring lines 6 pass through different measuring line guide holes 13, and lubricating butter is smeared in the measuring line guiding line 13; the other arm is a transparent protective shell 19, and the protective shell 19 is provided with Scale plate 15 and constant resistance device 16, measuring line limit card 14 is arranged on both sides of scale plate 15, measuring line limit card 14 is set on both sides of constant resistance device 16, one end of measuring line passes through the scale plate sequentially along a straight line The measuring line limiter 14 on both sides of 15 and the measuring line limiter 14 on both sides of the constant resistance 16, the constant resistance 16 presses the measuring line on the protective shell 19 through fasteners. An anchor is installed in the fixing hole 17 of the reading instrument to fix it. The part of the measuring line 6 located on the scale plate 15 is provided with a red adjustable position card mark 18 to indicate the displacement of the measuring line 6. The card mark 18 of each measuring line 6 is initially The positions are all adjusted to the zero scale line of the scale plate 15.

The packing limit cotton yarn 4 has certain compressibility, and its effect is that it can be close to the borehole 7 during installation, and keep the measuring point fixing block 1 at the center of the borehole 7, and it is convenient for the anchoring agent to seal when the resin anchoring agent 8 is pushed during installation. Interval molding; The function of the limit cotton yarn 10 is to keep the measuring line protection sleeve 9 in the center of the borehole 7 during installation. The function of the constant resistance device 16 is to keep the measuring line 6 in a tight and straight state by providing a certain frictional resistance, but it will not prevent the measuring line 6 from sliding.

Example 2

Drill a horizontal borehole in the side of a coal mine roadway, the depth of the borehole is 25m, and arrange 5 measuring points, including the 1st measuring point, the 2nd measuring point, the 3rd measuring point, the 4th measuring point, the 5th measuring point, the depth They are 25m, 18m, 13m, 8m and 3m respectively. The layout of displacement measuring points in the deep part of the surrounding rock of the roadway is shown in Figure 3, and the data during the test of the reading instrument is shown in Figure 4. Others are consistent with Example 1.

As shown in Figure 4, it can be intuitively read that the relative displacement between the first measuring point and the second measuring point is about 2mm, and the relative displacement between the fourth measuring point and the fifth measuring point reaches 22mm. If the data is too large and continuous The growth rate is very fast within a few days, indicating that the plastic failure rate of the surrounding rock in this range is relatively fast, the loose circle has extended to this area, and there is even the possibility of separation, and secondary support reinforcement is required in time, using grouting and anchor cables and other support measures, the grouting depth should cover this range, and anchor cables should be added.

Obtaining the absolute displacement of the deep part of the surrounding rock needs to be based on long-term recorded observation data. It can be considered that the deepest first measuring point in the hole is stationary, and its absolute displacement is zero. Taking it as the base point, the displacement of other measuring points relative to the first measuring point is the absolute displacement. The absolute displacement is obtained by inverse calculation of the directly measured displacement of each measuring point relative to the orifice (the absolute displacement is positive in the direction pointing to the roadway). The calculation method of the absolute displacement of surrounding rock at different positions is as follows:

Absolute displacement of the orifice: δ ₀ = δ ₁ '

Absolute displacement of measuring point i: δ _i = δ ₁ '-δ _i ';

Among them, δ _i ' is the measured displacement value of the i-th measuring point (that is, the displacement of each measuring point relative to the orifice, i=1~5).

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or adopt similar methods to replace them, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the definition of the appended claims range.

Claims (2)

1. A coal mine roadway surrounding rock deep multi-point displacement meter comprises a plurality of measuring point fixing blocks (1) which are arranged in drill holes (7) at different depths, and is characterized in that measuring line through holes (5) are formed in the measuring point fixing blocks (1), an anchoring part is arranged on the periphery of the middle part of each measuring point fixing block (1), a plurality of anchoring nails (2) are embedded in the circumferential direction of the anchoring part, the anchoring nails (2) are anchored on the hole wall of each drill hole (7) through resin anchoring agents (8), an annular groove (3) is formed in the circumferential direction of one end of each measuring point fixing block (1), limiting cotton yarns (4) are wound and sealed in the annular groove (3), one end of each measuring line (6) is fixed in the middle of each measuring line through hole (5), adjacent measuring point fixing blocks (1) are connected through measuring line protecting sleeves (9), the measuring line protecting sleeves (9) are wound with the limiting cotton yarns (10) at intervals, a reading instrument (11) is installed at the hole opening of, the whole reading instrument (11) is L-shaped, one arm of the reading instrument (11) is cylindrical and is provided with a measuring line guide hole (13) in the middle and is fixed at a hole opening of a drilled hole through a hole opening resin anchoring agent (12), the other arm is provided with a transparent protective shell (19), a scale plate (15) and a constant resistor (16) are arranged on the protective shell (19), measuring line limiting clamps (14) are arranged on two sides of the scale plate (15), measuring line limiting clamps (14) are arranged on two sides of the constant resistor (16), the other end of a measuring line (6) sequentially penetrates through measuring line through holes (5) of each measuring point fixing block (1) close to one side of the hole opening of the drilled hole (7) and sequentially penetrates through the measuring line limiting clamps (14) on two sides of the scale plate (15) and the measuring line limiting clamps (14) on two sides of the constant resistor (16) along a straight line, and the constant resistor (16) presses the measuring line (6) on the protective shell (19, the part of the measuring line (6) positioned on the scale plate (15) is provided with a card mark (18).

2. The coal mine roadway surrounding rock deep multipoint displacement meter according to claim 1, wherein the number of the measuring line guide holes (13) is larger than or equal to the number of the measuring lines (6), different measuring lines (6) penetrate through different measuring line guide holes (13), and lubricating grease is coated in the measuring line guide lines (13).