CN106767315A - A kind of cubing of center distance between holes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a checking tool for measuring the center distance of holes, which includes a bottom plate, a reference gauge, and an eccentric gauge. It is composed of an eccentric pin, a second reference shaft, a dial and a second handle. The bottom plate is provided with a first reference hole that fits with the reference gauge and a second reference hole that cooperates with the eccentric gauge. The first reference hole and the second reference The center-to-center distance of the holes is equal to the standard value of the center-to-center distance of the workpiece under test. There is a calibration mark on the top surface of the bottom plate. The calibration mark is set on the edge of the dial along the radial direction of the dial. Together, the reference gauge and the eccentric gauge respectively pass through the first reference hole and the second reference hole to fit with the holes of the workpiece to be measured. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient and fast operation, and can quickly and accurately measure the center distance of pin holes, judge whether the workpiece under test is up to standard, improve production efficiency, and reduce detection cost.

Description

A Checking Tool for Measuring Hole Center Distance

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of measuring tool manufacturing, in particular to a checking tool for measuring the center distance of holes.

Background technique

In the high-speed production line of the machinery manufacturing industry, shell and box workpieces are generally positioned accurately by using two pins on one side. In mass production, the correctness of the center distance between the two pin holes needs to be judged quickly and accurately.

At present, the conventional measurement method of the center distance of the pin hole is the three-coordinate machine inspection. In addition to the high inspection cost, this method will consume a lot of inspection waiting time, which is not conducive to mass production. Therefore, some production lines use low-cost pin-type position gauges. The detection method is simple and fast. However, there are many unreliable factors in the measurement, and misjudgments often occur.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a checking tool for measuring the center distance of holes, which has a simple structure, easy and quick operation, can quickly and accurately measure the center distance of pin holes, judge whether the workpiece under test is up to standard, improve production efficiency, and reduce detection costs.

A checking tool for measuring the center distance of holes according to the present invention includes a bottom plate, a reference gauge, and an eccentric gauge. The gauge is composed of an eccentric pin, a second reference shaft, a dial and a second handle in sequence from bottom to top, the dial and the second reference shaft are closely matched or are an integral structure, and the bottom plate is provided with a gap fit with the reference gauge. The first reference hole and the second reference hole which are clearance fit with the eccentric gauge, the center distance between the first reference hole and the second reference hole is equal to the standard value of the center distance of the measured workpiece hole, and the top surface of the bottom plate is set There are calibration marks, the calibration marks are set on the edge of the dial along the radial direction of the dial, the bottom surface of the bottom plate is attached to the top surface of the workpiece to be measured, and the reference gauge and the eccentric gauge respectively pass through the first reference hole It is matched with the second reference hole and the hole clearance of the workpiece to be measured.

Further, the reference pin is a cone, the diameter of the large end of the reference pin is equal to the maximum diameter of the hole of the measured workpiece, and the diameter of the small end of the reference pin is slightly smaller than the minimum diameter of the hole of the measured workpiece.

Further, the dial amplifies the tolerance value of the center distance of the measured workpiece to the entire circumference of the dial, and the larger the diameter of the dial, the higher the magnification; scales corresponding to the tolerance value of the center distance are distributed on the dial.

Further, the diameter of the eccentric pin is equal to the minimum diameter of the hole of the workpiece under test, and the eccentric value of the eccentric pin is equal to half of the tolerance of the center distance of the hole of the workpiece under test.

Further, the lower end of the eccentric pin is provided with a guide arc.

Further, the centerlines of the first reference hole and the second reference hole are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bottom plate, so as to avoid measurement errors.

Further, the dial can also be set on the bottom plate, and the calibration mark can also be set on the eccentric gauge.

Further, the thermal expansion coefficient of the manufacturing material of the base plate is basically the same as that of the workpiece to be measured.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: due to the adoption of the eccentric gauge structure, the tolerance of the hole center distance is enlarged to the circumference of the entire circumference, the hole center distance can be quantitatively analyzed, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the detection cost of the hole center distance is reduced. Low cost, simple and fast operation, shortened detection time, improved detection efficiency, and realized mass production.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation when the present invention measures;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of reference gauge of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the plan view of base plate of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of eccentric gauge of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural representation of the dial of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece to be tested in the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of dial reading example 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the dial reading example 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the schematic diagram of example 3 of dial reading of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is the schematic diagram of example 4 of dial reading of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the schematic diagram of example 5 of dial reading of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of example six of dial readings of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of Example 7 of dial reading in the present invention.

In the figure, 1—reference gauge, 2—bottom plate, 3—eccentric gauge, 4—measured workpiece;

11—reference pin, 12—the first reference shaft, 13—the first handle, 111—the diameter of the large end of the reference pin, 112—the diameter of the small end of the reference pin;

21—the first reference hole, 22—the second reference hole, 23—the calibration mark;

31—eccentric pin, 32—second reference axis, 33—dial, 34—second handle, 35—eccentric value, 36—guiding arc, 37—center of eccentric pin, 38—positive reading area of dial, 39—dial plus and minus signs;

41—the center distance of the measured workpiece hole.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawings:

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, a measuring tool for measuring the center distance of holes is shown, which includes a bottom plate 2, a reference gauge 1, and an eccentric gauge 3. The reference gauge 1 is successively composed of a reference pin 11, a first reference The shaft 12 and the first handle 13 constitute, the reference pin 11 is a cone, the diameter of the large end of the reference pin 111 is equal to the maximum diameter of the hole of the workpiece 4 to be measured, and the diameter of the small end of the reference pin 112 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the workpiece 4 to be measured The minimum value of the diameter of the hole can ensure that the reference pin 11 is closely matched with the hole of the workpiece 4 to be measured.

The eccentric gauge consists of an eccentric pin 31, a second reference shaft 32, a dial 33 and a second handle 34 from bottom to top, and the dial 33 is tightly fitted with the second reference shaft 32 or is an integral structure; the dial 33 will be measured The workpiece 4 center distance tolerance value is enlarged to the entire circumference of the dial 33, the larger the diameter of the dial 33, the higher the magnification; the dial 33 is distributed with scales corresponding to the center distance difference, and the dial 33 scale spacing and numbers are based on the measured The workpiece 4 center distance tolerance value varies; for the convenience of reading, the dial 33 is provided with a dial reading positive value area 38 and a dial sign 39, and the diameter of the eccentric pin 31 is equal to the minimum diameter of the hole of the measured workpiece 4. value, which can ensure that the eccentric pin 31 is closely matched with the hole of the measured workpiece 4; the eccentric value 35 of the eccentric pin 31 is equal to 1/2 of the tolerance of the center distance 41 of the measured workpiece hole; the lower end of the eccentric pin 31 is provided with a guide arc 36, which is convenient for fast guiding and inserting into the hole of the workpiece 4 to be measured.

The bottom plate 2 is provided with a first reference hole 21 which is clearance fit with the reference gauge 1 and a second reference hole 22 which is clearance fit with the eccentric gauge 3, and the center distance between the first reference hole 21 and the second reference hole 22 is equal to the hole of the workpiece to be measured The standard value of the center distance 41 of the base plate 2 is provided with a calibration engraving 23 on the top surface of the base plate 2, and the calibration engraving 23 is arranged on the edge of the dial 33 along the radial direction of the dial 33, and the bottom surface of the base plate 2 and the workpiece 4 to be measured The top surface is attached, and the reference gauge 1 and the eccentric gauge 3 respectively pass through the first reference hole 21 and the second reference hole 22 to fit with the holes of the measured workpiece 4; the centerlines of the first reference hole 21 and the second reference hole 22 It is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the base plate 2; the thermal expansion coefficient of the manufacturing material of the base plate 2 is basically the same as that of the workpiece 4 to be measured, so the measurement is more accurate and reliable.

The dial 33 can also be arranged on the bottom plate 22 , and the calibration inscription 23 can also be arranged on the eccentric gauge 3 .

During the specific inspection, hold the first handle 13, and the reference pin 11 passes through the first reference hole of the bottom plate 2, and fits with the hole clearance of the workpiece 4 to be measured. Since the reference pin 11 is a taper pin, the reference pin 11 will be gradually eliminated during the insertion process. The gap between the pin 11 and the hole of the workpiece 4 to be measured is until it is a tight fit, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 2 is attached to the top surface of the workpiece 4 to be measured; then, holding the second handle 34, the eccentric gauge 3 is inserted into the second reference hole 22, Continue to rotate and insert the eccentric gauge 3. When the eccentric gauge 3 rotates to a certain proper position, the eccentric pin 31 is just inserted into the hole of the workpiece 4 to be measured; read the value corresponding to the dial 33 of the calibration mark 23, and calculate the measured workpiece 4 is the actual value of the center-to-center distance of the holes.

The distribution relationship and reading method of the tolerance between the center distance 41 of the dial 33 and the hole of the measured workpiece are illustrated below in conjunction with specific examples: suppose the center distance between the two holes of a certain measured workpiece 4 is 100mm, and the tolerance requirement is ±0.1mm, then the center distance of the base plate 2 That is 100mm, the eccentricity value 35 of the eccentricity gauge is equal to 0.1mm, and the diameter of the dial 33 is the diameter magnifying the tolerance by 100 times.

Referring to Figure 8, the value of the dial 33 corresponding to the calibration mark 23 is -10, which means that the difference between the actual center distance of the workpiece and the theoretical value is -10/100=-0.1mm, that is, the actual value of the center distance of the workpiece is 100-0.1= 99.9mm.

Referring to Fig. 9, the number on the dial 33 corresponding to the calibration mark 23 is between 7 and 8, and has exceeded the 7.5 scale line, so the value can be estimated as 7.6 or 7.7, and the value is not in the positive value area 38 , so it is a negative value, the actual value of the workpiece center distance is 100-7.6/100=99.924mm or 100-7.7/100=99.923mm.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the number corresponding to the dial 33 of the calibration mark 23 is 0, that is, the actual value of the workpiece is just at the center of the theoretical value, and the distance between the center of the workpiece and the actual value is 100mm.

As shown in Figure 11, the number corresponding to the calibration mark 23 on the dial 33 exceeds 8, but is far less than 8.5, which can be estimated as 8.1, and this value is in the positive value area 38, so the actual value of the workpiece center distance is 100+8.1/ 100 = 100.081 mm.

As shown in FIG. 12 , the calibration mark 23 corresponds to the dial 33 and the engraved line is exactly on +10, so the actual value of the workpiece center distance is 100+10/100=100.1mm.

As shown in Figure 13, the calibration mark 23 corresponds to the scale line of the dial 33 between 5 and 6 in the positive value area, but exceeds the 5.5 scale line, and the indication point is in the middle of 5.5 to 6.0, that is, 5.75, which can be estimated as 5.7 Or 5.8, then the actual value of the workpiece center distance is 100+5.7/100=100.057mm or 100+5.8/100=100.058mm.

As shown in Figure 14, the calibration mark 23 corresponding to the scale line of the dial 33 is between 9 and 10 in the non-positive value area, not only exceeding the 9.5 scale line, but also exceeding the 9.8 scale line, so it can be estimated to be 9.9, that is, the The measured value of the workpiece is 100-9.9/100=99.901mm.

Referring to FIGS. 8 to 14 , as the reading of the dial 33 changes, the position of the center 37 of the eccentric pin also changes, that is, the position of the eccentric pin 31 changes.

During measurement, there may be a phenomenon that the eccentric pin 31 cannot be inserted into the hole of the workpiece 4 after the eccentric gauge 3 rotates one circle. At this time, it can be judged that the workpiece 4 is unqualified. There are two reasons for the unqualified: one is The hole of the measured workpiece 4 is too small; the second is that the center distance of the measured workpiece 4 exceeds the maximum or minimum value of the standard value.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of cubing of center distance between holes, including base plate（2）, benchmark gauge（1）, eccentric gauge（3）, it is characterised in that： The benchmark gauge（1）From top to bottom successively by reference pins（11）, the first reference axis（12）And first handle（13）Constitute, it is described Eccentric gauge is from top to bottom successively by cam pin（31）, the second reference axis（32）, dial plate（33）And second handle（34）Constitute, institute State dial plate（33）With the second reference axis（32）Tight fit is an overall structure, the base plate（2）On be provided with and benchmark gauge （1）The first datum hole that gap coordinates（21）And with eccentric gauge（3）The second datum hole that gap coordinates（22）, first base Quasi- hole（21）With the second datum hole（22）Centre-to-centre spacing be equal to measured workpiece hole centre-to-centre spacing（41）Standard value, the base plate （2）Top surface on be provided with calibration and engrave（23）, the calibration engraves（23）Radially along dial plate（33）It is located at the dial plate（33） Edge, the base plate（2）Bottom surface and measured workpiece（4）Top surface laminating, the benchmark gauge（1）With eccentric gauge（3）Point Chuan Guo not the first datum hole（21）With the second datum hole（22）With measured workpiece（4）Interporal lacuna coordinate.

2. the cubing of a kind of center distance between holes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The reference pins（11）It is one Individual cone, reference pins outside diameter（111）Equal to measured workpiece（4）Hole diameter maximum, reference pins end diameter （112）It is slightly less than measured workpiece（4）Hole diameter minimum value.

3. the cubing of a kind of center distance between holes according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The dial plate（33）Will Measured workpiece（4）Center distance tolerance value is amplified to dial plate（33）Whole circumference on, dial plate（33）Diameter it is bigger, enlargement ratio It is higher；Dial plate（33）On the scale of correspondence center distance tolerance value is distributed with.

4. the cubing of a kind of center distance between holes according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The cam pin（31） Diameter be equal to measured workpiece（4）Hole diameter minimum value；The cam pin（31）Eccentricity value（35）Equal to tested work The centre-to-centre spacing in part hole（41）Tolerance 1/2nd.

5. the cubing of a kind of center distance between holes according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The cam pin（31） Lower end is provided with guiding circular arc（36）.

6. the cubing of a kind of center distance between holes according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：First datum hole （21）With the second datum hole（22）Center line and base plate（2）Plane perpendicular.

7. the cubing of a kind of center distance between holes according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The dial plate（33）Also Base plate can be arranged on（22）On, calibration is engraved（23）Eccentric gauge can also be arranged on（3）On.

8. the cubing of a kind of center distance between holes according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The base plate（2）System Producing material material and measured workpiece（4）Manufacture material thermal coefficient of expansion it is basically identical.