CN106763514A

CN106763514A - vertical speed reducer

Info

Publication number: CN106763514A
Application number: CN201611248578.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 喻良冰
Original assignee: Chongqing Teng Mold Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Teng Mold Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-12-29
Filing date: 2016-12-29
Publication date: 2017-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-29
Also published as: CN106763514B

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical reducer, which includes a casing, a first vertical transmission assembly and a second transmission shaft are arranged in the casing, and a first gear, a second gear and a graphite shaft are arranged on the first vertical transmission assembly. Bearing assembly, the inner wall of the shaft hole of the graphite bearing is provided with large and small grooves connected to each other in the axial direction; at the bottom of the large groove, there is a vent hole that runs through the hole wall of the graphite bearing and the bearing sleeve, and the threaded counterbore of the vent hole There is a ventilation bolt joint inside; the second gear meshes with the third gear, and the threaded section and the lower end surface of the second transmission shaft are equipped with axial tightening devices. The top of the axial clamping device is a pointed cone, which extends into the lower end surface of the first vertical transmission assembly and the second transmission shaft; a disc spring is also provided at the bottom of the optical axis section, and a thickness is provided inside the disc spring. The height of the disc spring is smaller than that of the circular pad. The transmission of the vertical reducer is flexible and stable, which can effectively alleviate the deflection and wear of the transmission shaft caused by its own weight, and the ringing and wear of the gears during meshing, and improve the speed change accuracy.

Description

Vertical speed reducer

Technical field

The invention belongs to decelerator technical field, more particularly to a kind of vertical installation of all power transmission shafts decelerator.

Background technology

Decelerator is a kind of common apparatus that equipment is used for speed change, and decelerator species is various, and most of decelerators are all sleeping Formula is installed, i.e., each power transmission shaft is vertically arranged relative to mounting plane, because during the horizontal installation of each gear shaft of transmission Running and comparing is steady, and installs also relatively easy facility, and transmission is accurate, long service life；And be vertically arranged if power transmission shaft, by In power transmission shaft and gear effect of weight in itself, installation difficulty is big, and the centre-to-centre spacing between gear is difficult to control, and most importantly Conduct oneself with dignity excessive to friction at power transmission shaft end support in itself, prolonged abrasion is easily caused bearing or power transmission shaft is produced in itself It is raw to damage, and the accuracy of mesh between gear is also difficult to control to, easily occur that gear is fired, the bad phenomenon such as stuck occurs.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of vertical speed reducer, vertical speed reducer transmission Flexibly, stably, effectively alleviate when the power transmission shaft beat produced by deadweight, abrasion and gear are engaged and fire, wear and tear, lift speed change Precision.

Technical scheme is as follows：

A kind of vertical speed reducer, including casing, are provided with the first power transmission shaft mounting hole and being vertically arranged in the casing Two power transmission shaft mounting holes, two power transmission shaft mounting holes communicate with each other；Also include the in the first power transmission shaft mounting hole One vertical type transmission shaft assembly.

The first vertical type transmission shaft assembly includes the rotating shaft being vertically arranged, and the rotating shaft includes sequentially being linked as from top to bottom The top gear construction section of one, shaft shoulder section, graphite bearing construction section, extension, rolling bearing construction section, end gear are installed Section and outside set threaded thread segment；Wherein, the diameter of the top gear construction section is less than the diameter of shaft shoulder section, from institute Shaft shoulder section is stated downwards until each section of shaft diameter of the thread segment successively decreases successively.

Opening up tapped blind hole is provided with the top gear construction section, its side is provided with keyway, on the top Gear construction section is mounted with first gear, and the keyway through hole in the axis hole of the first gear is embedded with the keyway Flat key, the upper surface of the lower surface of first gear and the shaft shoulder section connects, and its upper surface is screwed into the spiral shell straight down The fixing bolt of line blind hole is compressed, so that the first gear is fixed on the end tooth wheel construction section.

Movably it is cased with graphite bearing component on the graphite bearing construction section, the graphite bearing component is by outward extremely Inside include length identical bearing sleeve and graphite bearing successively, two ends are concordant, same between the bearing sleeve and graphite bearing Axle, interference fit joint, and the graphite bearing lower end is provided with the neck that diameter diminishes, the graphite bearing mounting hole of the bearing sleeve It is the stepped hole that a bottom diminishes, the neck is located in the relatively small through hole of the stepped hole, the graphite bearing at neck upper end End face be brought into close contact with the step surface of the stepped hole；The graphite bearing construction section is located in the axis hole of the graphite bearing And the lower surface of the shoulder section is close in upper surface；Limited location annulus is closely covered in the upper end outer wall of the bearing sleeve, it is described Bearing sleeve is embedded in the nose-circle post holes of the first power transmission shaft mounting hole, and the spacing annulus lower end and the top The upper surface close proximity of cylindrical hole.

The shaft hole inner wall of the graphite bearing is provided with some little grooves of uniform intervals arrangement vertically, and the groove is passed through The two ends of the graphite bearing are worn, it is perpendicular with the little groove to be additionally provided with some circles in the shaft hole inner wall of the graphite bearing Big groove, makes the little groove be connected with big groove；It is provided with through graphite bearing and bearing sleeve in the big groove bottom land Hole wall passage, the passage be located at bearing sleeve hole wall part be screw-threaded counterbore；Set in the screw-threaded counterbore There are two ends to be equipped with the ventilation screwed joint of sealing pipe screw thread, an annulus for protrusion flank is provided between two sealing pipe screw threads Boss, the sealing pipe screw thread near outboard end is connected with the screwed hole of tracheae one end, and the other end of the tracheae passes through institute It is connected with the pump on casing step after stating the nose-circle post holes hole wall of the first power transmission shaft mounting hole, and at the pump discharge end Pipeline on be connected with dust settling pocket.

Rolling bearing is additionally provided with the rolling bearing construction section, inner ring and the rolling bearing of the rolling bearing are installed Section interference fit joint.

Second gear is connected to by bonded on the end gear construction section, is set between second gear and rolling bearing Restraining position ring block；The clamp nut that the lower surface of the second gear is screwed on the thread segment is compressed, in the clamp nut Large end face locating cone pin-and-hole directed downwardly is provided with thread connection face and thread segment between vertically, cone is provided with the taper pin-hole Pin；The clamp nut is tightened when in place, the locating taper pin on locating taper pin bore portion and thread segment on the clamp nut Bore portion aligns.The second gear is meshed with the 3rd gear, and the 3rd gear is located at institute together with its second driving shaft State in second driving shaft mounting hole, and the shaft shoulder upper surface phase on lower surface and the second driving shaft of the 3rd gear Connect, the spacing collar, the shaft shoulder on the spacing collar and the second driving shaft are provided with the upper surface of the 3rd gear It is respectively provided on two sides with rolling bearing.

The lower surface of the thread segment and second driving shaft is equipped with axial holding device, the top of the axial holding device End is the cone with point, and the cone is stretched into the conical bore of the lower surface of the thread segment and second driving shaft；It is described The light shaft part of axial holding device lower end and the inner ring interference fit joint of thrust bearing；Dish is additionally provided with the bottom of the smooth shaft part Spring, the small end of the disc spring is faced up, and large end face is located in the blind hole of the casing, is also coaxially set in the inside of the disc spring There are the circular pad for being fixed on the blind via bottom, the height of the thickness less than the disc spring of the circular pad.

Further, be provided with that hard alloy is made between the nut and first gear of the fixing bolt is circular flat Pad, more than the diameter at shaft shoulder section, the root diameter of the first gear is more than described for the outside diameter of the plain cushion The outside diameter of plain cushion.

Further, the spacing annulus is integrally formed with bearing sleeve.

Further, the spacing annulus and bearing sleeve thread connection.

Further, the bearing sleeve is up big and down small coniform sleeve.

Further, the cross section of the little groove is in circular arc, and the opening both sides of little groove are interior with graphite bearing Wall rounding off is connected.

Further, the bosom of the little groove is consistent with the depth of the big groove, and the big groove is transversal Face is rectangular.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention has following some beneficial effect；

The present invention is driven using the first special vertical type transmission component, and the first vertical type transmission component sets two teeth Respectively as input or output gear, for the first gear for avoiding top couples sideslip, special use first gear is bonded wheel After fetching positioning, it is aided with fixing bolt and is compressed from its end face, have both position and fixing, key is used similarly for second gear Connection is located by connecting, larger by effect of weight during rotation due to positioned at shaft end, being suspension type gear, then using fastening Nut is compressed from the bottom up, and is aided with taper pin connection locking, due to being fixed by clamp nut, therefore twisting for nut Tightness needs a reference position, is then provided with the taper pin, when clamp nut will be tightened in place, continues slow twisting It is dynamic, make the locating taper pin bore portion co-axially align on locating taper pin bore portion and the thread segment on the clamp nut, now tightly Gu nut screwing clamping degree just reaches optimum state, will not loosen, and and also screw thread will not be caused to collapse tooth be damaged due to undue tightening, Influence bonding strength；Meanwhile, the locked of taper pin can be further locked by thread connection, thoroughly prevents from loosening, and this is for being located at The installation of the clamp nut of bottom is extremely important.

First vertical type transmission component of the invention is realized turning also by the way of graphite bearing and rolling bearing are combined The installation of axle, rotate, make full use of that graphite bearing fit clearance is small, temperature influence is small and the function with self-lubricating is lifted The coaxial precision of installation of rotating shaft, reduces rotating shaft beat, and the installation of rolling bearing further compensate in graphite bearing intensity Deficiency, the two complements each other.

Some little grooves and big groove is provided with graphite bearing of the invention to realize graphite dust after rotating for a long time The collection of bits, and ventilation screwed joint is set to connect with extraneous dust collection equipment, the dregs dust in graphite bearing is timely Take away, greatly reduce graphite bearing repair and maintenance difficulty；Additionally, when graphite bearing is installed, because fit clearance is minimum, peace Dress easily produces air gap, is blocked assembling, and above-mentioned groove can also be vented, and reduces friction.

Additionally, the present invention is provided with the holding device with conical tip in the bottom of each power transmission shaft coming to each power transmission shaft Carry out axial limitation, hold out against installation, then the deadweight of power transmission shaft and its annex is born using thrust bearing, and in holding device bottom Abrasion and power transmission shaft beat of the impact force reducing to bearing during disc spring buffering drive axis is set, and circular pad is to dish Spring plays a part of overload protection, prevents what power transmission shaft was likely to result under disc spring cushioning effect excessively to move down and produced to bearing Axial impact, while also protecting thrust bearing.

It should be noted that holding device of the invention complements each other with the mounting structure of above-mentioned graphite bearing component and gear, It is aided with the realization deceleration that holding device just can be best while the mounting structure using above-mentioned graphite bearing component and gear Device is stablized, is accurately driven, and otherwise can significantly cut down the transmission accuracy of decelerator, it will be apparent that, decelerator is a system architecture, The presence of any of the above-described common undesirable element can have an immense impact on to overall structure function, lack any of which structure, The excellent functional characteristic of other structures will be weakened, or even eliminate.

As can be seen here, the present invention can solve that power transmission shaft axial dipole field in vertical speed reducer is big, gear engages uneven stabilization, Gear is fired, the problem of serious wear, that is, ensure the position accuracy that rotating shaft is installed, and is prevented between rotating shaft and bearing because of gap Excessive and produce beat, the phenomenon that rotating shaft is dumb or stuck when can prevent gap too small again occurs, and the abrasion for solving bearing is asked Topic, whole reducer structure it is simple compact, flexible, firm and reliably.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.

Fig. 2 is graphite bearing sectional view.

Fig. 3 is graphite bearing side view.

Fig. 4 is zoomed-in view at the III in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is the zoomed-in view at the II in Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is the upward view of the first vertical type transmission component.

Fig. 7 is zoomed-in view at the I in Fig. 1.

Specific embodiment

Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by particular specific embodiment below, those skilled in the art can be by this explanation Content disclosed by book understands other advantages of the invention and effect easily.

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：

As shown in Fig. 1-7, a kind of vertical speed reducer, including casing 29, it is provided with first for being vertically arranged in the casing 29 Power transmission shaft mounting hole and second driving shaft mounting hole, two power transmission shaft mounting holes communicate with each other.Also include that being located at described first passes The first vertical type transmission shaft assembly in moving axis mounting hole；The first vertical type transmission shaft assembly includes the rotating shaft 1 being vertically arranged, institute State rotating shaft 1 includes the top gear construction section 101, shaft shoulder section 102, graphite bearing construction section being sequentially connected as a single entity from top to bottom 103rd, extension 104, rolling bearing construction section 105, end gear construction section 106 and outside set threaded thread segment 107； Wherein, the diameter of the top gear construction section 101 is less than the diameter of shaft shoulder section 102, from shaft shoulder section 102 downwards until institute Each section of shaft diameter for stating thread segment 107 successively decreases successively.

Opening up tapped blind hole is provided with the top gear construction section 101, its side is provided with keyway, on the top End tooth wheel construction section 101 is mounted with first gear 2, and the keyway through hole in the axis hole of the first gear 2 is embedded with positioned at institute State the flat key in keyway, the lower surface of first gear 2 connects with the upper surface of shaft shoulder section 102, its upper surface by vertically to Under be screwed into the fixing bolt 3 of the tapped blind hole and compress so that the first gear 2 is fixed on the end tooth wheel construction section 101。

Movably be cased with graphite bearing component on the graphite bearing construction section 103, the graphite bearing component by It is outer to include length identical bearing sleeve 4 and graphite bearing 5, two ends between the bearing sleeve 4 and graphite bearing 5 successively in Concordantly, coaxially, interference fit joint, and the lower end of the graphite bearing 5 is provided with the neck that diameter diminishes, the graphite of the bearing sleeve 4 Bearing mounting hole is the stepped hole that a bottom diminishes, and the neck is located in the relatively small through hole of the stepped hole, at neck upper end The end face of graphite bearing 5 be brought into close contact with the step surface of the stepped hole；The graphite bearing construction section 103 is located at the stone It is close to the lower surface of the shoulder section 102 in the axis hole of black bearing 5 and upper surface.It is tight in the upper end outer wall of the bearing sleeve 4 Ground covers limited location annulus 14, and for the installation positioning of second gear 9, the bearing sleeve 4 is embedded in first power transmission shaft and installs In the nose-circle post holes in hole, and the lower end of the spacing annulus 14 and the nose-circle post holes upper surface close proximity.

The shaft hole inner wall of the graphite bearing 5 is provided with some little grooves 501 of uniform intervals arrangement vertically, described recessed It is small recessed with described that groove 501 is additionally provided with some circles through the two ends of the graphite bearing 5, in the shaft hole inner wall of the graphite bearing 5 The perpendicular big groove 502 of groove 501, makes the little groove 501 be connected with big groove 502；Set in the bottom land of the big groove 502 There is the passage 503 of the hole wall through graphite bearing 5 and bearing sleeve 4, the passage 503 is located at the hole wall of bearing sleeve 4 Part is screw-threaded counterbore 50301；Two ends are provided with the screw-threaded counterbore 50301 it are equipped with the ventilation bolt of sealing pipe screw thread and connects First 6, a circle convex platform 601 for protrusion flank is provided between two sealing pipe screw threads, near the seal pipe spiral shell of outboard end Line is connected with the screwed hole of the one end of tracheae 7, and the other end of the tracheae 7 passes through the top cylinder of the first power transmission shaft mounting hole It is connected with the pump 31 on the step of casing 29 after the hole wall of hole, and dust settling pocket is connected with the pipeline of the port of export of the pump 31 32。

Rolling bearing 8, the inner ring and the axis of rolling of the rolling bearing 8 are additionally provided with the rolling bearing construction section 105 Hold the interference fit joint of construction section 105.

Second gear 9 is connected to by bonded on the end gear construction section 106, in second gear 9 and rolling bearing 8 Between be provided with spacing ring 10；The clamp nut 11 that the lower surface of the second gear 9 is screwed on the thread segment 107 is compressed, Large end face locating taper pin directed downwardly is provided with vertically on thread connection face between the clamp nut 11 and thread segment 107 Hole, is provided with taper pin 12 in the taper pin-hole.The clamp nut 11 is tightened when in place, the locating taper pin on the clamp nut 11 Locating taper pin bore portion on bore portion and thread segment 107 aligns.The second gear 9 is meshed with the 3rd gear 33, institute The 3rd gear 33 is stated to be located in the second driving shaft mounting hole together with its second driving shaft 35, and the 3rd gear 33 Lower surface connects with the shaft shoulder upper surface on the second driving shaft 35, is provided with spacing on the upper surface of the 3rd gear 33 The collar 34, the shaft shoulder on the spacing collar 34 and the second driving shaft 35 is respectively provided on two sides with rolling bearing；

The lower surface of the thread segment 107 and second driving shaft 35 is equipped with axial holding device 36, and the axial direction holds out against The top of device 36 is the cone 3601 with point, and the cone 3601 stretches into the thread segment 107 and second driving shaft 35 Lower surface conical bore in；The light shaft part 3602 of the lower end of axial holding device 36 joins with the inner ring interference of thrust bearing 37 Connect；Disc spring 38 is additionally provided with the bottom of the smooth shaft part 3602, the small end of the disc spring 38 faces up, large end face is located at the machine In the blind hole of shell 29, the circular pad 39 for being fixed on the blind via bottom, institute are also coaxially provided with the inside of the disc spring 38 The height of the thickness less than the disc spring 38 of circular pad 39 is stated, to play a part of overload protection to disc spring 38, while keeping away Exempt from each power transmission shaft and become pure rigid support.

Further, be provided with that hard alloy is made between the nut of the fixing bolt 3 and first gear 2 is circular Plain cushion 13, the outside diameter of the plain cushion 13 is more than the diameter at shaft shoulder section 102, and the root circle of the first gear 2 is straight Outside diameter of the footpath more than the plain cushion 13.

Further, the spacing annulus 14 is integrally formed with bearing sleeve 4, is easily installed making, and structure is compacter.

Further, the spacing annulus 14 and the thread connection of bearing sleeve 4, to install, and can adjust bearing holder (housing, cover) The setting height(from bottom) position of cylinder 4.

Further, the bearing sleeve 4 be up big and down small coniform sleeve, so as to relevant device on conical bore Coordinate, improve the installation axiality of bearing assembly.

Further, the cross section of the little groove 501 be in circular arc, and little groove 501 opening both sides and graphite shaft The inwall rounding off for holding 5 is connected, in order to avoid rotating shaft surface produces interference with the inwall of graphite bearing 5, and is easy to dust from rotating shaft On scraped in groove.

Further, the bosom of the little groove 501 is consistent with the depth of the big groove 502, and the big groove 502 cross section is rectangular, so that dregs dust is entered under the drive of extraneous dust exhaust apparatus air-flow from the bottom of little groove 501 Concentrated in big groove 502 and be extracted.

The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, not for the limitation present invention.It is any ripe The personage for knowing this technology all can carry out modifications and changes under without prejudice to spirit and scope of the invention to above-described embodiment.Cause This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete with institute under technological thought without departing from disclosed spirit such as Into all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by claim of the invention.

Claims

1. A vertical speed reducer, characterized in that: it comprises a casing (29), the first drive shaft installation hole and the second transmission shaft installation hole vertically arranged in the said casing (29), two The transmission shaft mounting holes communicate with each other;

It also includes a first vertical transmission shaft assembly located in the first transmission shaft installation hole;

The first vertical transmission shaft assembly includes a vertically arranged shaft (1), and the shaft (1) includes a top gear installation section (101) and a shaft shoulder section (102) connected in sequence from top to bottom. , a graphite bearing installation section (103), an extension section (104), a rolling bearing installation section (105), a terminal gear installation section (106) and a threaded section (107) externally provided with threads; wherein, the top gear installation section ( The diameter of 101) is smaller than the diameter of the shaft shoulder section (102), and the shaft diameters of each section from the shaft shoulder section (102) down to the threaded section (107) decrease successively;

The top gear installation section (101) is provided with a threaded blind hole with an opening facing upwards, and a keyway is provided on its side, and a first gear (2) is installed and fixed on the top gear installation section (101). The keyway through hole in the shaft hole of the gear (2) is embedded with a flat key located in the keyway, the lower end surface of the first gear (2) is in contact with the upper end surface of the shaft shoulder section (102), and its upper end surface Pressed by a fixing bolt (3) that is screwed vertically downward into the threaded blind hole, so that the first gear (2) is fixed on the end gear installation section (101);

A graphite bearing assembly is movably sleeved on the graphite bearing installation section (103), and the graphite bearing assembly includes a bearing sleeve (4) and a graphite bearing (5) with the same length from outside to inside in turn, and the bearing Both ends of the sleeve (4) and the graphite bearing (5) are flush, coaxial, and interference-connected, and the lower end of the graphite bearing (5) is provided with a neck with a reduced diameter, and the bearing sleeve (4 The graphite bearing mounting hole of ) is a step hole with a bottom that becomes smaller, and the neck is located in the smaller through hole of the step hole, and the end face of the graphite bearing (5) at the upper end of the neck and the step of the step hole The graphite bearing installation section (103) is located in the shaft hole of the graphite bearing (5) and the upper end surface is close to the lower end surface of the shoulder section (102); in the bearing sleeve (4 The outer wall of the upper end of ) is tightly covered with the limit ring (14), the bearing sleeve (4) is embedded in the top cylindrical hole of the first transmission shaft installation hole, and the lower end of the limit ring (14) closely connected with the upper end surface of the top cylindrical hole;

The inner wall of the shaft hole of the graphite bearing (5) is provided with several small grooves (501) evenly spaced along the axial direction, and the grooves (501) run through both ends of the graphite bearing (5). The inner wall of the shaft hole of the graphite bearing (5) is also provided with several circles of large grooves (502) perpendicular to the small grooves (501), so that the small grooves (501) and the large grooves (502) connected; at the bottom of the large groove (502), there is a vent hole (503) that runs through the hole wall of the graphite bearing (5) and the bearing sleeve (4), and the vent hole (503) is located in the bearing sleeve (4) The part of the hole wall is a threaded counterbore (50301); in the threaded counterbore (50301), there are vent bolt joints (6) with sealing pipe threads at both ends, and a joint between the two sealing pipe threads There is a ring boss (601) protruding from the thread surface, the sealing pipe thread near the outer end is connected with the threaded hole at one end of the air pipe (7), and the other end of the air pipe (7) passes through the first transmission The top cylindrical hole wall of the shaft mounting hole is connected to the pump (31) on the step of the casing (29), and a dust bag (32) is connected to the pipeline at the outlet end of the pump (31);

A rolling bearing (8) is also provided on the rolling bearing installation section (105), and the inner ring of the rolling bearing (8) is in interference connection with the rolling bearing installation section (105);

A second gear (9) is coupled on the terminal gear installation section (106) by keying, and a limiting ring (10) is provided between the second gear (9) and the rolling bearing (8); the second gear ( 9) the lower end surface is screwed on the fastening nut (11) on the threaded section (107) and compressed, on the threaded connection surface between the fastening nut (11) and the threaded section (107) along the shaft A positioning taper pin hole with a large end facing downward is provided, and a taper pin (12) is arranged in the taper pin hole. When the fastening nut (11) is tightened in place, the fastening nut (11) will The positioning taper pin hole part and the positioning taper pin hole part on the threaded section (107) are aligned; the second gear (9) is meshed with the third gear (33), and the third gear (33) is engaged with the second transmission gear (33). The shafts (35) are located in the mounting hole of the second transmission shaft together, and the lower end surface of the third gear (33) is in contact with the upper end surface of the shoulder on the second transmission shaft (35). The upper end surface of the third gear (33) is provided with a limit collar (34), and both sides of the shoulder on the limit collar (34) and the second transmission shaft (35) are respectively provided with rolling bearings;

The lower end surfaces of the threaded section (107) and the second transmission shaft (35) are provided with an axial tightening device (36), and the top end of the axial tightening device (36) is a pointed cone (3601 ), the cone (3601) extends into the tapered hole on the lower end surface of the threaded section (107) and the second transmission shaft (35); the optical axis section ( 3602) is interference-connected with the inner ring of the thrust bearing (37); a disc spring (38) is also provided at the bottom of the optical axis section (3602), the small end of the disc spring (38) faces upward, and the large The end face is located in the blind hole of the casing (29), and a circular pad (39) fixed to the bottom of the blind hole is coaxially provided inside the disc spring (38). The thickness of the pad (39) is smaller than the height of the disc spring (38).

2. The vertical reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: between the nut of the fixing bolt (3) and the first gear (2), there is an annular flat pad made of hard alloy (13), the diameter of the outer circle of the flat pad (13) is larger than the diameter at the shoulder section (102), and the diameter of the dedendum circle of the first gear (2) is larger than that of the flat pad (13) Outer circle diameter.

3. The vertical reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limit ring (14) is integrally formed with the bearing sleeve (4).

4. The vertical reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limit ring (14) is threadedly connected to the bearing sleeve (4).

5. The vertical reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the bearing sleeve (4) is a conical sleeve with a large top and a small bottom.

6. The vertical reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: the bearing sleeve (4) is a conical sleeve with a larger top and a smaller bottom.

7. The vertical reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the small groove (501) is arc-shaped, and the two sides of the opening of the small groove (501) are in contact with the graphite bearing (5) The inner walls are connected with a smooth transition.

8. The vertical reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: the deepest part of the small groove (501) is consistent with the depth of the large groove (502), and the large groove (502) The cross-section is rectangular.