CN106761851A - A kind of tunnel water proofing subregion construction and its implementation using spraying waterproof technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel waterproof subdivision structure and its implementation method using spraying waterproof technology, which comprises laying non-woven fabric and waterproof layer on the primary support surface in sequence, and the non-woven fabric and waterproof layer are placed at the construction joint of the secondary lining Disconnect to form a waterproof partition; the initial support surface of the waterproof partition is provided with a waterproof mortar leveling layer, and the waterproof mortar leveling layer and the non-woven fabric connected to it and the edge of the waterproof layer are covered with a sprayed waterproof layer; according to the secondary The reserved position of the lining construction joints is divided into waterproof sections, and the waterproof mortar leveling layer is sprayed on the surface of the waterproof section, and the non-woven fabric and waterproof layer are laid in the waterproof section, and then the spray waterproof layer is applied at the waterproof section, and finally pouring Secondary lining of waterproof section. The invention can realize the waterproof partition of the composite lining tunnel, cut off the channeling of underground water in the non-woven fabric and the gap behind the waterproof layer along the longitudinal slope of the tunnel, and make the treatment of the leakage of the tunnel more effective and economical.

Description

A tunnel waterproof partition structure using spray waterproof technology and its implementation method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel waterproofing, in particular to a tunnel waterproof partition structure using spraying waterproof technology and an implementation method thereof.

Background technique

At present, in the field of tunnel engineering (especially the composite lining tunnel constructed by drilling and blasting method), the usual waterproof measures are to install all-inclusive or half-inclusive waterproof boards and non-woven fabrics between the primary support and the secondary lining. Cloth buffer. Since the waterproof board is usually not bonded to the secondary lining concrete, although it plays the role of isolation and lubrication to a certain extent, avoiding the cracking caused by the shrinkage of the concrete, but it also makes the groundwater flow between the secondary lining after the waterproof layer is partially damaged. The formation of "water channeling" expands the scope of leakage, making it difficult to find leaks and stop leaks. In order to avoid the above problems, in recent years, the construction type and measures suitable for tunnel partition waterproofing of waterproof boards have been adopted in tunnels. At present, they have been gradually applied in tunnel projects such as highways, railways, and subways.

The literature published by Rui Yanjie et al. ("Tunnel Partition Waterproof Model Test and Engineering Application Research", "Modern Tunnel Technology", Volume 42, Issue 1, Pages 30-37, February 2005), introduces a compound type Partition waterproofing technology for lining tunnels. This technology welds the back-adhesive waterstop circumferentially and densely on the waterproof plate at the construction joint of the secondary lining. Form a waterproof partition between the flashing and the secondary lining. Once a leak occurs in a certain part of the waterproof partition, it will not flow and affect other partitions, and the independent partition can be plugged and treated to improve the treatment effect and reduce the treatment cost. Composite lining tunnels based on this principle for waterproofing and fortification are relatively common at present. In railway and highway tunnels, the main focus is on waterproof partitions at the construction joints. Subway tunnels usually require preset grouting on the surface of waterproof panels in waterproof partitions. Pipe, in order to facilitate plugging and treatment after leakage occurs. With the above tunnel waterproof partition method, since only a partition is formed between the waterproof board and the secondary lining, the partition facilities (back-mounted waterstop) have not formed a bond with the primary support, and groundwater will still be in the waterproof board. The water channeling in the gap between the initial support and the initial support may enter the tunnel from the damaged or weak parts of other waterproof partitions, so the waterproof effect of the partitions is still limited.

As the current spraying waterproof materials (such as spraying polyurea, acrylate spraying film materials, spraying quick-setting rubber asphalt, etc.) When this kind of spray waterproof material is applied in composite lining tunnels, usually the waterproof construction type is consistent with the waterproof board system (the spray waterproof layer is applied after the non-woven fabric is laid on the initial support surface), and there is also a need for tunnel waterproof partitions . However, because the material of the back-mounted waterstop used for the waterproof board system is incompatible with various sprayed waterproof materials, it cannot be used in conjunction with the use of sprayed waterproof materials to achieve the effect of effective waterproof partitions, and it has not yet been seen that it is suitable for various types of waterstops. Spray waterproofing technology special tunnel subdivision waterproofing facilities or structure type.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel waterproof partition structure and its implementation method using spray waterproof technology, which can solve the problem of incomplete waterproof partition in composite lining tunnels.

A tunnel waterproof partition structure using spray waterproof technology, including non-woven fabric and waterproof layer laid on the surface of the primary support in sequence, and the non-woven fabric and waterproof layer are cut off at the construction joint of the secondary lining to form a waterproof partition; A waterproof mortar leveling layer is provided on the surface of the initial support of the waterproof sub-area, and the waterproof mortar leveling layer and the non-woven fabric connected with it and the edge of the waterproof layer are covered with a sprayed waterproof layer.

Further, a grouting anti-seepage ring is added in the primary support and the surrounding rock at the waterproof subdivision of the loose and broken surrounding rock or the water-rich section of the formation.

Furthermore, the sprayed waterproof layer is made of acrylate sprayed film waterproof material.

Furthermore, the primary support base is also paved with a circular, longitudinal or partial drainage system, and the drainage system communicates with the side ditch or the central ditch in the tunnel.

An implementation method of tunnel waterproof partition construction using spray waterproofing technology, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: After the tunnel is excavated and the initial support is applied, divide the waterproof section according to the reserved position of the secondary lining construction joint, and reserve the range of the waterproof partition between two adjacent waterproof sections on the surface of the initial support ;

Step 2: Clean up the initial support base surface at the waterproof partition part, and spray or brush the waterproof mortar leveling layer on its surface;

Step 3: Lay non-woven fabric and waterproof layer in the first waterproof section so that it meets the edge of the waterproof mortar leveling layer and closely adheres to the initial support base surface;

Step 4: Spray the waterproof layer at the waterproof sub-area so that it covers the waterproof mortar leveling layer and the non-woven fabric and waterproof layer at the edge of the first waterproof section;

Step 5: Pouring the secondary lining of the first waterproof section, and implementing construction joint waterproofing measures;

Step 6: Lay the non-woven fabric and waterproof layer in the next waterproof section from the edge of the waterproof partition, the non-woven fabric and the waterproof layer;

Step 7: Spray the waterproof layer for the second time on the waterproof partition to cover and effectively connect the non-woven fabric and waterproof layer of the next waterproof section;

Step 8: Pouring the secondary lining in the next waterproof section, and implementing construction joint waterproofing measures;

Step 9: Repeat steps 6 to 8 until complete.

Further, after the step 1, it also includes: drilling holes along the ring direction of the tunnel on the initial support surface of the waterproof subdivision at the loose and broken surrounding rock or the water-rich section of the formation, driving into the grouting pipe and pouring the grouting material, A continuous grouting anti-seepage circle is formed in the initial support at the waterproof partition site or in the surrounding rock behind it.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention can realize the waterproof division of the composite lining tunnel, cut off the channeling of groundwater in the non-woven fabric and the gap behind the waterproof layer along the longitudinal slope of the tunnel, and make the treatment of the tunnel after leakage occurs More effective and economical.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of no grouting measures in the tunnel waterproof partition structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of grouting measures in the tunnel waterproof partition structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a composite lining tunnel waterproof system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional layout of Embodiment 1 of the present invention (section 1-1 in Fig. 3).

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional layout diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention (section 2-2 in Fig. 3).

In the figure: 1-surrounding rock; 2-primary support; 3-non-woven fabric; 4-waterproof layer; 5-secondary lining; 6-construction joint; 7-waterproof measures for construction joint; 8-waterproof mortar layer; 9 -spray waterproof layer; 10-grouting pipe; 11-grouting anti-seepage ring.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. As shown in Figure 1, a tunnel waterproof partition structure using spray waterproofing technology, including non-woven fabric 3 and waterproof layer 4 laid on the surface of primary support 2 in sequence, non-woven fabric 3 and waterproof layer 4 on the secondary lining 5 6 construction joints are disconnected to form a waterproof partition; the surface of the initial support 2 of the waterproof partition is provided with a waterproof mortar leveling layer 8, and the waterproof mortar leveling layer 8 and the non-woven fabric 3 and the edge of the waterproof layer 4 connected thereto Covered with a spray waterproof layer 9.

That is, at the position of the construction joint 6 of the secondary lining 5 of the composite lining tunnel, the non-woven fabric 3 and the waterproof layer 4 (waterproof board or sprayed waterproof material) laid on the surface of the primary support 2 in the adjacent section are disconnected. , leaving a certain width of the waterproof partition; the surface of the initial support 2 at the waterproof partition, there is a waterproof mortar leveling layer 8 formed by spraying or brushing; on the surface of the waterproof mortar leveling layer 8 at the waterproof partition, Cover the waterproof mortar layer 8 and the waterproof layer 4 connecting adjacent sections with a sprayed waterproof layer 9 . Wherein, the material for spraying the waterproof layer 9 at the waterproof section of the tunnel can be an acrylate spray film waterproof material or other materials that can form an airtight and continuous waterproof layer on the surface of the primary support 2 by spraying.

In order to further enhance the waterproof effect, in the loose and broken surrounding rock 1 or the water-rich section of the formation, grouting measures can be added to form a certain range and depth of continuous grouting anti-seepage ring 11 at the waterproof partition of the tunnel, as shown in Figure 2 ; Or, the circumferential, longitudinal and local drainage system of the tunnel laid on the primary support 2 base, and communicated with the side ditch and the central ditch in the tunnel.

The specific implementation method is as follows: after the tunnel is excavated and the initial support 2 is applied, the waterproof section is divided according to the reserved position of the construction joint 6 of the secondary lining 5, and the waterproof section area is reserved on the surface of the initial support 2; When the surrounding rock is loose and broken or the groundwater is developed, the surface of the primary support 2 at the waterproof partition part is drilled at a certain interval along the tunnel ring direction, and a certain length of grouting pipe 10 is driven in and the grouting material is poured in. A continuous grouting anti-seepage ring 11 is formed in the initial support 2 at the site or in the surrounding rock 1 at a certain depth behind it; clean the base surface of the initial support 2 at the waterproof partition site, and spray or brush waterproof on its surface Mortar leveling layer 8; non-woven fabric 3 and waterproof layer 4 are laid on the surface of the initial support 2 in the first waterproof section of the tunnel, and the edge of the waterproof mortar leveling layer 8 in the waterproof section is disconnected and fixed to keep it close Initial support 2 base surface; apply the sprayed waterproof layer 9 at the waterproof partition part, cover the waterproof mortar leveling layer 8 and the non-woven fabric 3 and waterproof layer 4 at the edge of the first tunnel waterproof section, form an effective connection and leave Spray the joint of waterproof layer 9 in the next waterproof section; pour the secondary lining 5 of the first waterproof section, and implement waterproof measures 7 for construction joints; Spin cloth 3 and waterproof layer 4, and keep its edge closely attached to the base surface of initial support 2; apply a second pass of spraying waterproof layer 9 on the waterproof partition to cover and effectively connect the non-woven fabric 3 of the next waterproof section And the waterproof layer 4; pouring the secondary lining 5 in the next waterproof section.

Among them, the initial support 2 and secondary lining 5 of the tunnel can be divided into inverted arches and arch walls, and the corresponding parts of the non-woven fabric 3, waterproof layer 4 and waterproof partition measures (waterproof mortar leveling layer 8, spraying waterproof Layer 9, grouting pipe 10, and grouting anti-seepage ring 11) can also be constructed in sections accordingly.

Embodiment 1: As shown in the structure form on the left in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 (1-1 section in Fig. 3), waterproof partitions can be realized in the tunnel waterproof system of the half-wrapped waterproof type.

The construction type of the tunnel waterproof partition in this embodiment is: divide the tunnel waterproof partition by the construction joint 6 position of the secondary lining 5 of the composite lining tunnel, and leave a certain width range between adjacent waterproof partitions to set waterproof partition measures; from Tunnel waterproof zoning measures shall be set in the range from the vault of the tunnel to the arch feet on both sides, and the tunnel waterproof zoning measures shall not be set in the inverted arch because there is no waterproof layer; When it is not serious, adopt the waterproof zoning measures without grouting anti-seepage ring as shown in Figure 1 (the waterproof zoning measures on the left in Figure 4); when the surrounding rock is relatively broken and the formation is rich in water, use Waterproof zoning measures with grouting anti-seepage ring (waterproof zoning measures on the right in Figure 4).

Its implementation method is as follows:

(1) After the initial support construction of the tunnel, determine the position of the tunnel waterproof partition and the range of the partition according to the position of the construction joint 6 of the secondary lining 5;

(2) Depending on the conditions of the surrounding rock and groundwater, decide whether to implement the grouting pipe 10 and the grouting anti-seepage ring 11 in the waterproof partition;

(3) In the range from the arch top of the tunnel to the arch feet on both sides, apply a waterproof mortar leveling layer 8 for the waterproof partition parts;

(4) Lay non-woven fabric 3 and waterproof layer 4 in the first waterproof section from the vault of the tunnel to the arch feet on both sides;

(5) Spraying the waterproof layer 9 at the location of the waterproof partition;

(6) Pouring the secondary lining 5 of the first waterproof section and implementing construction joint waterproof measures 7;

(7) Carry out the tunnel waterproof zoning measures and lining construction for the next cycle.

Embodiment 2: As shown in the structure form on the right in Figure 3 and Figure 5 (section 2-2 in Figure 3), waterproof partitions can be realized in the tunnel waterproof system of the all-inclusive waterproof type.

The structure type of the tunnel waterproof partition in this embodiment is: divide the tunnel waterproof partition by the construction joint 6 position of the secondary lining 5 of the composite lining tunnel, and leave a certain width range between adjacent waterproof partitions to set waterproof partition measures; Tunnel waterproof zoning measures are set up in the entire ring of the tunnel; when the surrounding rock is good or the groundwater leakage on the 6th base of the initial support is not serious, the waterproof zoning measures without grouting anti-seepage circle are adopted as shown in Figure 1 (Figure 5 Waterproof zoning measures on the left in Figure 2); when the surrounding rock is relatively broken and the formation is rich in water, the waterproof zoning measures with grouting anti-seepage rings are adopted as shown in Figure 2 (waterproof zoning measures on the right in Figure 5).

Its implementation method is as follows:

(1) After the initial support construction of the tunnel, determine the position of the tunnel waterproof partition and the range of the partition according to the position of the construction joint 6 of the secondary lining 5;

(2) Depending on the conditions of the surrounding rock and groundwater, decide whether to implement the grouting pipe 10 and the grouting anti-seepage ring 11;

(3) Waterproof mortar leveling layer 8 for the tunnel inverted arch waterproof partition;

(4) Lay the non-woven fabric 3 and the waterproof layer 4 of the inverted arch in the first waterproof section;

(5) Spraying the waterproof layer 9 on the inverted arch part of the waterproof partition part;

(6) Pouring the secondary lining 5 of the inverted arch in the first waterproof section and implementing construction joint waterproof measures 7;

(7) Waterproof mortar leveling layer 8 for the waterproof partition of the tunnel arch wall;

(8) Lay the non-woven fabric 3 and the waterproof layer 4 on the inner arch wall of the first waterproof section;

(9) Spray the waterproof layer 9 on the arch wall at the waterproof partition site;

(10) Pouring the secondary lining 5 of the arch wall of the first waterproof section and implementing construction joint waterproof measures 7;

(12) Carry out the tunnel waterproof zoning measures and lining construction for the next cycle.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of tunnel water proofing subregion using spraying waterproof technique is constructed, it is characterised in that propped up in the early stage including laying successively Shield（2）The non-woven fabrics on surface（3）And waterproof layer（4）, non-woven fabrics（3）And waterproof layer（4）In secondary lining（5）Construction joint（6） Place's disconnection forms waterproof subregion position；The preliminary bracing at the waterproof subregion position（2）Surface is provided with waterproof mortar screed-coat （8）, waterproof mortar screed-coat（8）And the non-woven fabrics connected with it（3）And waterproof layer（4）Spraying waterproof layer is coated with edge （9）.

2. the tunnel water proofing subregion construction using spraying waterproof technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that positioned at enclosing Rock（1）The preliminary bracing at the waterproof subregion position of loose crushing or stratum rich water section（2）And country rock（1）Inside also set up There is grouting water-tight circle（11）.

3. the tunnel water proofing subregion using spraying waterproof technique according to claim 1 is constructed, it is characterised in that the spray Apply waterproof layer（9）It is adopted as acrylates spray film water-proofing material.

4. the tunnel water proofing subregion using spraying waterproof technique according to claim 1 is constructed, it is characterised in that described first Phase supporting（2）Basal plane is also equipped with annular, longitudinal direction or local sewerage system, lateral sulcus or center in the drainage system and tunnel Ditch connects.

5. the implementation that a kind of tunnel water proofing subregion using spraying waterproof technique is constructed, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：

Step 1：Tunnel excavation and preliminary bracing（2）After applying, according to secondary lining（5）Construction joint（6）Reserved location divide Waterproof section, and supporting in the early stage（2）Surface reserves the scope at the intersegmental waterproof subregion position of adjacent two waterproofs subregion；

Step 2：The preliminary bracing at cleaning waterproof subregion position（2）Basal plane, it is levelling in its surface spraying or brushing waterproof mortar Layer（8）；

Step 3：Non-woven fabrics is laid in first waterproof section（3）And waterproof layer（4）, make it with waterproof mortar screed-coat（8） Side edge, and closely connected preliminary bracing（2）Basal plane；

Step 4：Apply the spraying waterproof layer at waterproof subregion position（9）, make its covering waterproof mortar screed-coat（8）And first The non-woven fabrics of waterproof section edge（3）And waterproof layer（4）；

Step 5：Pour first secondary lining of waterproof section（5）, and apply construction joint waterproof measure（7）；

Step 6：The non-woven fabrics in next waterproof section is laid from waterproof subregion adjacent margins（3）And waterproof layer（4）, nonwoven Cloth（3）And waterproof layer（4）；

Step 7：Second time spraying waterproof layer is applied at waterproof subregion position（9）, to cover and effectively connect next anti-pool The non-woven fabrics of section（3）And waterproof layer（4）；

Step 8：Pour the secondary lining in next waterproof section（5）, and apply construction joint waterproof measure（7）；

Step 9：Circulation step 6 to 8 is straight only to complete.

6. the implementation that the tunnel water proofing subregion using spraying waterproof technique according to claim 5 is constructed, its feature It is also to include after the step 1：The initial stage branch at the waterproof subregion position at country rock loose crushing or stratum rich water section Shield（2）Surface drills along tunnel ring, squeezes into Grouting Pipe（10）And grouting material is poured into, in the initial stage branch at waterproof subregion position Shield（2）Or and its behind country rock（1）It is middle to form continuous grouting water-tight circle（11）.