CN106759188B - A kind of device and method of resource of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for controlling cyanobacteria outbreaks in a river-type power generation reservoir, which includes a pre-dam pretreatment system located in front of the reservoir dam and a cyanobacteria treatment system located behind the reservoir dam; the pre-dam pretreatment system is included in the reservoir dam The rubber dam installed in front, the rubber dam is installed with control gates on both sides of the vertical water flow direction; the cyanobacteria treatment system includes an algae pumping device and an algae collecting device; the algae pumping device is installed in the discharge of the reservoir dam In the water hole, the algae pumping device communicates with the local water area from the rubber dam to the reservoir dam so as to transfer the cyanobacteria therein to the algae collection device. The invention also provides a resource utilization method for controlling cyanobacteria blooms, which can collect cyanobacteria blooms for resource utilization, thereby improving the water quality of reservoirs and simultaneously playing the role of sustainable recycling of wastes and improving economic benefits.

Description

A device and resource recovery method for controlling cyanobacteria blooms in river-type power generation reservoirs

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water pollution control, and in particular relates to a device and method for controlling blue-green algae outbreaks in river-course-type power generation reservoirs.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the economy and the increase of the population, the pollutants discharged into the river are increasing, and the problems of the water ecological environment are becoming more and more prominent. Many water bodies in southern my country have been seriously threatened by eutrophication, and the scope and degree of algal blooms are increasing. Cyanobacteria is a common dominant species in river and lake blooms, and the cyanobacteria incidents caused by it are currently a common concern in society. In recent years, cyanobacteria outbreaks in river-type power generation reservoirs in southern mountainous areas have become one of the important issues affecting the lives of local residents.

Among them, the problems of eutrophication and algal blooms in river-type reservoirs are more prominent, and have become one of the bottlenecks restricting the sustainable development, construction and utilization of small-scale river-course power generation reservoirs. Before the water storage of river channel reservoirs, the flow rate is fast, the water body has strong self-purification ability, and it is not easy to form algae blooms; after the reservoir is filled, the water flow rate drops sharply, and a nearly stagnant water body in the reservoir bay will be formed in the tributaries of the reservoir area, which is easy to accumulate nutrients and form water bodies Eutrophication.

There are many sources of pollution in the reservoir basin, including point sources and non-point sources and other external sources of pollution, as well as secondary pollution at the inner edge. However, it is difficult to completely prevent and eliminate algae blooms by eliminating pollution sources, so the reduction and control technology after algae blooms have received widespread attention. The traditional method of processing floating cyanobacteria is to manually salvage and transport the cyanobacteria ashore, or use a net to collect the cyanobacteria and pump the surface layer of cyanobacteria ashore; these methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, large in transportation volume, and high in energy consumption. Therefore, those skilled in the art urgently need to provide a high-efficiency, low-energy-consumption river-type power generation reservoir to control the cyanobacteria outbreak device and resource recovery method.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a high-efficiency, low-energy-consumption river-type power generation reservoir for controlling blue-green algal blooms and a recycling method.

In order to achieve one of the above-mentioned purposes, a device for controlling blue-green algae outbreaks in river-type power generation reservoirs is provided. The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A device for controlling blue-green algae blooms in a river-type power generation reservoir, including a pre-dam pretreatment system located in front of the reservoir dam, and a blue-green algae treatment system located behind the reservoir dam;

The pretreatment system in front of the dam includes a rubber dam installed in front of the reservoir dam, and the rubber dam is equipped with a control gate on both sides of the vertical water flow direction;

The cyanobacteria treatment system includes an algae pumping device and an algae collecting device; the algae pumping device is installed in the discharge hole in the reservoir dam, and the algae pumping device communicates with the local water area from the rubber dam to the reservoir dam so that the The cyanobacteria are transferred to the algae collection device.

Preferably, the rubber dam uses anchors to fix the bottom of the dam bag to the river bed of the reservoir, and the two sides of the dam bag are fixed to the control gate.

Further, the local water area formed by the rubber dam and the reservoir gate dam accounts for 1/9 to 1/7 of the total reservoir area, and the rubber dam is filled and drained by a water pump to change the height of the dam crest; the gate area of the control gate is 1/20 of the rubber dam area.

Preferably, the algae pumping device is set as a siphon pipeline, the water inlet of the pipeline is set as a trumpet shape, and the water outlet of the pipeline is lower than the water inlet to provide suction for blue algae; the water inlet is placed between the rubber dam and the reservoir dam Partial waters in the middle and 30-100mm lower than the water surface of the water body where the cyanobacteria are located.

Further, the algae collecting device is set as a water tank with an inclined screen; the water outlet of the algae pumping device is set under the lowest water level of the water tank and is located at the side of the water tank.

Further, the water tank is set in a cylindrical shape.

Further, the filter screen is arranged obliquely upward from 20 to 30 cm below the water outlet of the algae pumping device, and the inclination angle ranges from 45 to 60°.

Further, a water delivery pipeline is connected to the lower end of the water tank; the algae collecting device is connected to the artificial pond through the water delivery pipeline.

Further, the blue-green algae treatment system also includes a biogas fermentation tank for treating the blue-green algae filtered by the filter.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a resource-based method for controlling cyanobacteria outbreaks in river-type power generation reservoirs, comprising the following steps:

S1. Pretreatment in front of the dam: place the rubber dam in front of the dam of the reservoir, and fill it with water after installation. The local water area formed by it and the dam of the reservoir accounts for 1/9 to 1/7 of the total area of the reservoir;

If the water storage capacity is large during the high water season, when the algal blooms are accumulated to a certain extent, a part of the water in the rubber dam will be discharged through the water pump to reduce the height of the rubber dam, so that the water body in front of the rubber dam will drive the surface water bloom to discharge And then gather in the local waters between the rubber dam and the reservoir gate dam;

If cyanobacteria blooms during the dry season, open the control gates on both sides of the rubber dam to allow water to flow through and wash away the cyanobacteria bloom;

S2. Recycling treatment: install a siphon pipe in the dam of the river-type reservoir as an algae pumping device, and the algae pumping device is fixed in the drain hole of the reservoir dam, and the faster water flow in the drain hole promotes floating on the water surface The cyanobacteria bloom is pumped to the downstream algae collection device, and the purified water obtained after filtering the cyanobacteria in the algae collection device flows into the artificial pond through the water pipeline, and the water discharged from the outlet of the artificial pond can be directly discharged into the farmland for irrigation; The obtained cyanobacteria are collected and put into the biogas fermentation tank. At the same time, the biogas fermentation tank is also connected to the excretion pipeline of the toilet of the power station. , produce biogas and biogas slurry, the biogas is used by the staff in the power station to save energy, and the biogas slurry can be directly used as artificial pond fertilizer and feed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1), the present invention can wash the cyanobacteria on the water surface of the reservoir to the local water area between the rubber dam and the reservoir gate dam for centralized treatment by constructing a pretreatment system in front of the dam, so as to achieve high efficiency without affecting the normal operation of the power generation reservoir. high efficiency and low energy consumption to purify water; at the same time, a cyanobacteria treatment system has been established, which includes algae pumping devices and algae collection devices. In order to realize resource utilization, artificial ponds and biogas fermentation tanks can also be added. The cyanobacteria blooms that have been concentrated are collected for resource utilization, thereby improving the water quality of the reservoir and playing the role of sustainable recycling of waste, and improving economic benefits. Therefore, the present invention provides a brand-new high-efficiency, low-energy-consumption river-type power generation reservoir device for controlling cyanobacteria blooms and a corresponding resource recovery method in combination with actual needs.

2) In the cyanobacteria treatment system of the present invention, the filter screen is arranged obliquely upward from 20 to 30 cm below the water outlet of the algae pumping device, and the inclination angle ranges from 45 to 60°, which can prevent the cyanobacteria from blocking the water outlet and facilitate centralized treatment of cyanobacteria , to ensure the reliability of the device of the present invention. Specifically, the algae-laden water extracted by the algae pumping device flows directly into the artificial pond after being filtered by the filter screen of the algae collecting device, and the filtered cyanobacteria can enter the biogas fermentation tank to form biogas , fermented into agricultural fertilizers, etc., and can also be used as raw materials for other products for resource utilization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a B-B sectional view in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation method of the algae pumping device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the algae collecting device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the artificial pond of the present invention.

The meanings of the marked symbols in the figure are as follows:

1. Rubber dam; 1a, anchor; 2. Control gate; 2a, gate; 3. Reservoir dam; 3a, discharge hole; 4. Algae pumping device; 4a, water inlet; 4b, water outlet; 5. Collection Algae device; 5a, filter screen; 5b, water tank; 6, artificial pond; 6a, outfall; 7, water pipeline; 8, power station; 9, biogas fermentation tank

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 1, along the direction of water flow, the front is on the left side of the reservoir dam, and the rear is on the right side of the reservoir dam.

A device for controlling cyanobacteria blooms in river-type power generation reservoirs

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, it includes a pretreatment system before the dam 3 of the reservoir and a cyanobacteria treatment system behind the dam 3 of the reservoir;

Pretreatment system in front of the dam: including the rubber dam 1 installed in front of the reservoir dam 3, the rubber dam 1 is installed with a control gate 2 on both sides in the vertical direction of water flow; the control gate 2 is built on both sides of the river bed, and the height of the gate meets When the river is dry, the water level is high enough to ensure the passage of water.

The rubber dam 1 fixes the bottom of the dam bag to the riverbed of the reservoir through the anchor piece 1a, and the two sides of the dam bag are fixed to the control gate 2. Specifically, after the rubber dam 1 is fixed with the anchor piece 1a, the upstream anchor groove, the downstream anchor groove, and the top anchor groove, the anchor is fixed, and the water pump fills the rubber dam bag with water through the water injection nozzle to make a rubber dam, which is connected with the reservoir gate. The local water area formed by the dam accounts for 1/9 to 1/7 of the total reservoir area. When the rubber dam is full of water, it needs to meet the high water level requirements. Ultimately, when the dam bag is functioning normally, the water level actually intercepted can be increased. Among them, the upstream anchor groove and the downstream anchor groove are installed at the bottom of the river bed, and the top anchor groove is installed on the control gate.

During the high water season, when the cyanobacteria bloom in the river channel is formed, a part or all of the water in the dam bag can be pumped through the pump to lower the height of the rubber dam to achieve the overflow effect, so that the cyanobacteria bloom can be washed to the downstream of the rubber dam. in local waters.

During the dry season, if cyanobacteria blooms are formed in the river channel, and the water flow cannot pass by adjusting the height of the rubber dam at this time, then open the control gates on both sides to let the water flow away, take away the cyanobacteria blooms, and at the same time allow fish and shrimp to swim through. It plays the role of fish protection; the gate area of the control gate 2 is 1/20 of the area of the rubber dam, and the gate can be opened and closed manually by the control system.

Cyanobacteria treatment system: including algae pumping device 4, algae collecting device 5; said algae pumping device 4 is installed in the discharge hole 3a in the reservoir dam 3, and the algae pumping device 4 is connected with the rubber dam 1 to the reservoir dam 3 The local waters are connected.

The algae pumping device 4 is set as a siphon pipeline, and the water inlet of the pipeline is set as a trumpet shape; the water inlet 4a is placed in the local water area from the rubber dam 1 to the reservoir dam 3 and is 30-100mm lower than the water surface of the water body where the blue algae is located , to ensure algae inhalation, not just water.

The algae collection device 5 is set as a cylindrical water tank 5b with an inclined-plane filter screen 5a; the water tank 5b lower end is connected with a water delivery pipeline 7; Located on the side of the water tank 5b, the height difference between the water inlet 4a and the water outlet 4b should ensure sufficient suction to inhale cyanobacteria. In addition, the faster water velocity in the drain hole 3a further strengthens its siphon function.

Wherein, the filter screen 5a is arranged obliquely upward from 20 to 30 cm below the water outlet of the algae pumping device, and the inclination angle range is 45 to 60°, so as to ensure that the water outlet 4b of the algae pumping device 4 is submerged in the lowest water level of the water tank 5b, so that the siphon is formed, and The reason that the water outlet is far away from the filter screen is to prevent the water outlet from being blocked, and the filter screen arranged on an inclined plane is to facilitate the concentration of blue-green algae.

The algae collecting device 5 is connected to the artificial pond 6 through the water pipeline 7, and the clean water continuously inputted through the water pipeline 7 can improve the water quality of the artificial pond 6 and can alleviate the evaporation of the water in the artificial pond; the drainage of the artificial pond The port 6a is located near the constant water level, and the discharged water can be directly discharged to the farmland for irrigation. Therefore, can realize co-culture of fish and root in the artificial pond 6, the ight soil of fish can be used as the fertilizer of lotus root, and the fallen lotus leaf petal also can be used as the food of fish, has both realized economic benefit like this, has reached again attractive in appearance Effect.

The cyanobacteria treatment system also includes a methane fermentation tank 9 for processing the cyanobacteria filtered by the filter screen; Exhaust pipes are connected. Under certain conditions of temperature, humidity, and pH in an anaerobic environment, cyanobacteria and feces undergo microbial fermentation to produce methane and waste liquid residues. Among them, the biogas can be used by the personnel on duty in the power station 8 to save energy; and the waste liquid residue can be used as fish pond feed or fertilizer for the artificial pond 6 to use.

A resourceful method for controlling cyanobacteria blooms in river-type power generation reservoirs

Including the following steps:

S1. Pretreatment in front of the dam: place the rubber dam 1 in front of the dam 3 of the reservoir, and fill it with water after installation. The local water area formed by it and the dam 3 of the reservoir accounts for 1/9 to 1/7 of the total area; After a period of water storage, due to the blocking effect of the rubber dam, the water surface in front of the rubber dam will be higher than the water surface behind the rubber dam, thus forming a certain height difference;

In the high water season, due to the large water storage capacity, when the algal blooms accumulate to a certain extent, a part of the water in the rubber dam can be discharged through the pump, thereby reducing the height of the rubber dam, so that the surface water in front of the rubber dam drives the surface water. Hua Chong discharges down and gathers in the local waters between the rubber dam and the reservoir gate dam;

If cyanobacteria blooms in the dry season, by opening the gates on both sides of the rubber dam, water will flow through to wash away the cyanobacteria bloom, and at the same time, fish and shrimp organisms in the water body can also swim through;

S2. Cyanobacteria collection: install a siphon pipe in the dam of the river-type reservoir as an algae pumping device, and the algae pumping device is fixed in the discharge hole of the reservoir dam, and the suction port of the algae pumping device is set in a bell-shaped shape, placed in a belt 30-100mm below the algae water surface; the algae collection device 5 is set as a cylindrical water tank 5b with an inclined filter screen 5a; the water outlet of the algae pumping device 4 is placed under the lowest water level of the algae collection device water tank 5b to ensure the formation of a siphon Pump the cyanobacteria bloom floating on the water surface to the downstream algae collection device; wherein, the filter screen 5a is arranged obliquely upward from 20 to 30 cm below the outlet 4b of the algae pumping device, and the inclination angle ranges from 45 to 60°. The reason that the water outlet is far away from the filter screen 5a is to prevent the water outlet from being blocked, and the filter screen arranged on the slope is to facilitate the concentration of blue-green algae;

S3. Recycling treatment: put the filtered cyanobacteria into the biogas fermentation tank after being collected. At the same time, the biogas fermentation tank 9 is also connected to the excretion pipeline of the toilet of the power station 8, and is in a certain temperature, humidity and pH in an anaerobic environment. Under certain conditions, cyanobacteria and feces are fermented by microorganisms to produce biogas and biogas slurry. The biogas is used by the staff in the power station to save energy. The biogas slurry can be directly used as artificial pond fertilizer and feed; and the obtained clean water is passed through the water pipeline. 7 flows into the artificial pond 6, and the water discharged from the artificial pond outlet 6a can be directly discharged into the farmland for irrigation.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of device of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom, it is characterised in that：Including being located at reservoir gate dam（3）Preceding Pretreatment system before dam is located at reservoir gate dam（3）Blue algae processing system afterwards；

Pretreatment system is included in reservoir gate dam before the dam（3）The rubber dam of preceding installation（1）, the rubber dam（1）Vertical Both sides in water (flow) direction are equipped with check gate（2）；

The blue algae processing system includes taking out algae device（4）, collection algae device（5）；The pumping algae device（4）Mounted on reservoir gate dam （3）In drain hole（3a）It is interior, and take out algae device（4）With rubber dam（1）To reservoir gate dam（3）In local waters connection to Cyanobacteria therein is transferred to collection algae device（5）.

2. a kind of device of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Rubber dam（1）Pass through anchoring piece（1a）Dam bag bottom is fixedly connected with reservoir riverbed, dam bag both sides and check gate（2）It is fixed to connect It connects.

3. a kind of device of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described Rubber dam（1）With reservoir gate dam（3）The local water surface area of formation accounts for the 1/9~1/7 of the reservoir gross area, the rubber dam（1） It carries out filling draining change dam crest height by water pump；The gate of the check gate（2a）Area is rubber dam（1）The 1/20 of area.

4. a kind of device of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Take out algae device（4）It is set as siphon piping, the water inlet of pipeline（4a）It is set as bell mouth shape, the water outlet of pipeline（4b）Less than water inlet Mouthful（4a）To provide the suction of sucking cyanobacteria；The water inlet（4a）It is placed in rubber dam（1）To reservoir gate dam（3）In local water Domain and less than 30~100mm of the water body water surface where cyanobacteria.

5. a kind of device of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is described Collect algae device（5）It is set as band inclined-plane strainer（5a）Water tank（5b）；The pumping algae device（4）Water outlet（4b）It is arranged described Water tank（5b）Lowest water level under and be located at water tank（5b）Avris.

6. a kind of device of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described Water tank（5b）It is set as cylindric.

7. a kind of device of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described Strainer（5a）From pumping algae device（4）Water outlet（4b）At 20~30cm of lower section start arrange obliquely, tilt angle ranges be 45~ 60°。

8. a kind of device of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：It is described Water tank（5b）Lower end is connected with aqueduct（7）；The collection algae device（5）Pass through aqueduct（7）It is connected to the artificial pool（6）.

9. a kind of device of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：It is described Blue algae processing system further includes for strainer（5a）The marsh gas fermentation pool that filtered cyanobacteria is handled（9）.

10. a kind of method of resource of river channel type power generation reservoir control blue algae bloom, it is characterised in that include the following steps：

It is pre-processed before S1, dam：By rubber dam（1）It is placed in reservoir gate dam（3）Before dam, it is full of water after installation, with reservoir Gate dam（3）The local water surface area of formation accounts for the 1/9~1/7 of the reservoir gross area；

If in the wet season, reservoir storage is larger, and after cyanobacteria accumulation generates wawter bloom to a certain extent, rubber dam is discharged by suction pump The water of an interior part reduces rubber dam height, make rubber dam front surface water body drive surface wawter bloom sluicing and under gather rubber dam In local waters between reservoir gate dam；

If breaking out cyanobacteria in dry season, by opening rubber dam（1）The check gate gate of both sides（2a）It runs water through, washes away cyanobacteria Wawter bloom；

S2, recycling treatment：Dispose siphon piping as pumping algae device in the gate dam of river-like reservoir（4）, take out algae device（4） It is fixed on reservoir gate dam（3）Drain hole（3a）It is interior, drain hole（3a）Interior faster flow rate of water flow promotes to float on the water surface Cyanobacterial bloom is evacuated to downstream collection algae device（5）In, collect algae device（5）Isolated water purification passes through water-supply-pipe again after filtering cyanobacteria Road（7）Flow into the artificial pool（6）In, the artificial pool（6）Discharge outlet（6a）The water of discharge can in line farmland for irrigating；It will be obtained by filtration Cyanobacteria launched after collection into marsh gas fermentation pool（9）In, while marsh gas fermentation pool（9）Also with power station（8）Lavatory excretory duct Road is connected, and under conditions of in anaerobic environment in certain temperature, humidity, acid-base value, cyanobacteria and excrement are sent out by microorganism Ferment acts on, and generates biogas and biogas slurry, and biogas is utilized for staff in power station with energy saving, and biogas slurry can be used as artificial pond sludge used as manure Material and feed direct plunge into use.