CN106733728A - Brake block product quality automatic detection device - Google Patents
Brake block product quality automatic detection device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种检测装置，尤其涉及刹车片产品质量自动检测装置。The invention relates to a detection device, in particular to an automatic detection device for brake pad product quality.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国经济社会持续快速发展，人民对生活质量的要求普遍提高，对汽车的需求量也越来越大，汽车的生产量在日益扩大。刹车片是车辆制动系统重要的安全部件，是汽车的重要构件，它的质量至关重要，质量的好坏直接影响到车辆的制动性能，甚至是车辆驾乘人员的生命财产安全。因此，对于刹车片质量的严格把关至关重要。With the sustained and rapid development of my country's economy and society, the people's requirements for the quality of life are generally improved, the demand for cars is also increasing, and the production of cars is expanding day by day. Brake pads are an important safety component of the vehicle braking system and an important component of the car. Its quality is very important. The quality of the brake pad directly affects the braking performance of the vehicle, and even the life and property safety of the vehicle drivers and passengers. Therefore, it is very important to strictly control the quality of brake pads.
刹车片的质量是否合格主要跟表面是否有缺陷、字符是否清晰、尺寸大小是否在允许范围内相关，所有对刹车片质量的检测主要检测这三个方面，但是目前大多数企业对刹车片质量的检测还是停留在人工检测的方式上，检测效率低，检测结果受人为因素的影响，为了提高刹车片质量检测的效率和精度，也出现了一些刹车片的检测装置。Whether the quality of the brake pads is qualified is mainly related to whether the surface is defective, whether the characters are clear, and whether the size is within the allowable range. All inspections of the quality of the brake pads mainly detect these three aspects, but most companies currently have a high level of quality control for the quality of the brake pads. The detection still stays in the way of manual detection, the detection efficiency is low, and the detection results are affected by human factors. In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of brake pad quality detection, some brake pad detection devices have also appeared.
申请号为201510982703.3的专利公开了一种刹车片综合检测系统装置，包括主机架和设置在主机架两侧的第一传送机架与第二传送机架,所述的主机架上方安置有抓取机器手和图像采集装置，两个传送机构，一个用于将刹车片传送至图像采集装置附近，另一个将合格刹车片运离，并且配合抓取机器手一起工作，抓取机器手能准确将其刹车片抓取至指定位置，然后图像采集装置将采集到图像输送至PC机进行图像处理，得出检测结果判断刹车片是否合格，合格的用传送机构运离，不合格的直接丢至废品箱。虽然整个系统利用了传送带、机器手以及图像采集装置等自动检测装置，但是该系统中没有设置下料装置，还是需要人工将刹车片放置在传送带上，并且机器手价格昂贵，不符合经济原则。The patent application number is 201510982703.3 discloses a comprehensive detection system device for brake pads, which includes a main frame and a first transmission frame and a second transmission frame arranged on both sides of the main frame. The robot arm and the image acquisition device have two transmission mechanisms, one is used to transfer the brake pads to the vicinity of the image acquisition device, and the other is used to transport the qualified brake pads away, and it works together with the grabbing robot arm, which can accurately transfer the brake pads The brake pads are captured to the designated position, and then the image acquisition device will transfer the collected images to the PC for image processing, and obtain the test results to judge whether the brake pads are qualified. The qualified ones are transported away by the transmission mechanism, and the unqualified ones are directly thrown into the waste product box. Although the entire system uses automatic detection devices such as conveyor belts, robotic hands, and image acquisition devices, there is no unloading device in the system, and it is still necessary to manually place the brake pads on the conveyor belt, and the robotic arm is expensive and does not conform to economic principles.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有检测存在的不足，本发明的目的在于提供刹车片产品质量自动检测装置，用于对刹车片表面缺陷、字符清晰度、尺寸大小的检测，并且检测过程可自动下料以及自动回收。In view of the deficiencies in the existing detection, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic detection device for brake pad product quality, which is used to detect surface defects, character clarity, and size of the brake pad, and the detection process can be automatically unloaded and recycled.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：刹车片产品质量自动检测装置，其特征在于，包括机架和固定在机架前端的下料装置支撑架、固定在机架中端边侧的固定板与设置在机架后端的旋转滑道，所述的机架上方设置有传送带，所述的下料装置支撑架上方设置有下料装置，所述的固定板上方固定有机器视觉装置和剔除气缸；In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: the automatic detection device for brake pad product quality, which is characterized in that it includes a frame and a support frame for a blanking device fixed at the front end of the frame, and a support frame fixed at the middle end side of the frame. The fixed plate and the rotating slideway arranged at the rear end of the frame, the conveyor belt is arranged above the frame, the unloading device is arranged above the supporting frame of the unloading device, and the machine vision device and remove the cylinder;
所述的机架前端边侧设置有步进电机，用于驱动传送带运作；A stepper motor is provided on the front side of the frame to drive the conveyor belt;
所述的下料装置由倾斜滑道和竖直挡板组合而成，所述的倾斜滑道上方固定有两只对称的导滑圆杆，所述的导滑圆杆上方放置刹车片，所述的竖直挡板上固定有伸缩气缸与气吸装置，所述竖直挡板上设置有下料口；The unloading device is composed of an inclined slideway and a vertical baffle plate. Two symmetrical guiding round rods are fixed above the inclined sliding way. Brake pads are placed above the sliding guiding round rods. A telescopic cylinder and an air suction device are fixed on the vertical baffle, and a feeding port is arranged on the vertical baffle;
所述的机器视觉装置由滑杆、环形光源、工业相机、光源固定装置和相机固定装置组成，所述的滑杆固定在固定板上，所述的光源固定装置通过第一旋钮固定于滑杆上，所述的相机固定装置通过第二旋钮固定于滑杆上并设置在光源固定装置上方，所述的环形光源通过两个小螺钉固定在光源固定装置上,所述的工业相机通过相机夹紧旋钮固定在相机固定装置上。The machine vision device is composed of a slide bar, a ring light source, an industrial camera, a light source fixing device and a camera fixing device, the slide bar is fixed on the fixing plate, and the light source fixing device is fixed on the slide bar through a first knob Above, the camera fixing device is fixed on the slide bar through the second knob and arranged above the light source fixing device, the ring light source is fixed on the light source fixing device through two small screws, and the industrial camera is fixed through the camera clip Tight knob secures to camera mount.
优选的，所述的机架下方设置有小车轮，方便整个装置的移动。Preferably, small wheels are arranged under the frame to facilitate the movement of the whole device.
优选的，所述的下料装置的倾斜滑道相对于地面的倾斜角为35到50度，刹车片可自行下滑。Preferably, the inclined slideway of the unloading device has an inclination angle of 35 to 50 degrees relative to the ground, and the brake pads can slide down by themselves.
优选的，所述的倾斜滑道上两只对称的导滑圆杆距离可根据刹车片两个卡钳之间的距离来设置，使得刹车片两个卡钳正好能扣上。Preferably, the distance between the two symmetrical guide rods on the inclined slideway can be set according to the distance between the two calipers of the brake pad, so that the two calipers of the brake pad can just be fastened.
优选的，所述的第一旋钮、第二旋钮分别能调节环形光源与工业相机到被测刹车片的距离，使得达到最合适的位置进行检测。Preferably, the first knob and the second knob can respectively adjust the distance from the ring light source and the industrial camera to the brake pad to be tested, so as to reach the most suitable position for detection.
优选的，所述的剔除气缸正对面的机架边侧上固定有废品箱，用于存放剔除气缸剔除的不合格的刹车片。Preferably, a waste box is fixed on the side of the frame directly opposite to the rejecting cylinder for storing unqualified brake pads rejected by the rejecting cylinder.
优选的，所述的旋转滑道的底端设置有合格品箱，并且合格品箱内垫有海绵垫，使得从旋转滑道滑下的刹车片不受损坏。Preferably, a qualified product box is provided at the bottom of the rotating slideway, and a sponge pad is placed inside the qualified product box, so that the brake pads sliding down from the rotating slideway will not be damaged.
优选的，所述的伸缩气缸、气吸装置、步进电机与剔除气缸都连接PLC控制系统，工业相机与PLC控制系统连接工控机。Preferably, the telescopic cylinder, the air suction device, the stepping motor and the rejecting cylinder are all connected to a PLC control system, and the industrial camera and the PLC control system are connected to an industrial computer.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
通过设置下料装置，传送带，机器视觉装置、剔除气缸与旋转滑道能够实现对刹车片表面缺陷、字符清晰度、尺寸大小的检测，确保刹车片的产品质量，并且整个检测过程是自动完成的，有效提高了检测效率与精度。By setting up the blanking device, conveyor belt, machine vision device, rejecting cylinder and rotary slide, the detection of surface defects, character clarity, and size of the brake pads can be realized to ensure the product quality of the brake pads, and the entire detection process is completed automatically. , effectively improving the detection efficiency and accuracy.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1是本发明的立体结构图；Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;
图2是本发明中下料装置的立体结构图；Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structural diagram of unloading device in the present invention;
图3是本发明中下料装置的后视图；Fig. 3 is the rear view of unloading device in the present invention;
图4是本发明中机器视觉装置的立体结构图；Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional structural diagram of machine vision device in the present invention;
图中：1、下料装置支撑架，2、下料装置，21、倾斜滑道，22、竖直挡板，23、导滑圆杆，24、伸缩气缸，25、气吸装置，26、下料口，3、刹车片，4、机架，5、步进电机，6、传送带，7、固定板，8、机器视觉装置，81、滑杆，82、环形光源，83、工业相机，84、光源固定装置，85、相机固定装置，86、第一旋钮，87、第二旋钮，88、小螺钉，89、相机夹紧旋钮，9、剔除气缸，10、废品箱，11、旋转滑道，12、合格品箱，13、小车轮，14、PLC控制系统，15、工控机。Among the figure: 1, unloading device support frame, 2, unloading device, 21, inclined slideway, 22, vertical baffle plate, 23, guide slide round bar, 24, telescopic cylinder, 25, air suction device, 26, Feeding port, 3. Brake pads, 4. Rack, 5. Stepping motor, 6. Conveyor belt, 7. Fixed plate, 8. Machine vision device, 81. Slider, 82. Ring light source, 83. Industrial camera, 84, light source fixing device, 85, camera fixing device, 86, first knob, 87, second knob, 88, small screw, 89, camera clamping knob, 9, reject cylinder, 10, waste product box, 11, rotating slide Road, 12, qualified product box, 13, small wheels, 14, PLC control system, 15, industrial computer.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
请参阅图1-4，本发明提供一种技术方案：刹车片产品质量自动检测装置，包括机架4和固定在机架4前端的下料装置支撑架1、固定在机架4中端边侧的固定板7与设置在机架后端的旋转滑道11，机架4上方设置有传送带6，下料装置支撑架1上方设置有下料装置2，固定板7上方固定有机器视觉装置8和剔除气缸9，机架4前端边侧设置有步进电机5，用于驱动传送带6运作，下料装置2由倾斜滑道21和竖直挡板22组合而成，倾斜滑道21上方固定有两只对称的导滑圆杆23，导滑圆杆23上方放置刹车片3，竖直挡板22上固定有伸缩气缸24与气吸装置25，竖直挡板22上设置有下料口26，机器视觉装置8由滑杆81、环形光源82、工业相机83、光源固定装置84和相机固定装置85组成，滑杆81固定在固定板7上，光源固定装置84通过第一旋钮86固定于滑杆81上，相机固定装置85通过第二旋钮87固定于滑杆81上并设置在光源固定装置84上方，环形光源82通过两个小螺钉88固定在光源固定装置84上,工业相机83通过相机夹紧旋钮89固定在相机固定装置85上，机架4下方设置有小车轮13，方便整个装置的移动，下料装置2的倾斜滑道21相对于地面的倾斜角为35到50度，刹车片3可自行下滑，倾斜滑道21上两只对称的导滑圆杆23距离可根据刹车片3两个卡钳之间的距离来设置，使得刹车片3两个卡钳正好能扣上，第一旋钮86、第二旋钮87分别能调节环形光源82与工业相机83到被测刹车片3的距离，使得能达到最合适的位置进行检测，剔除气缸9正对面的机架4边侧上固定有废品箱10，用于存放剔除气缸9剔除的不合格的刹车片3，旋转滑道11的底端设置有合格品箱12，并且合格品箱12内垫有海绵垫，使得从旋转滑道11滑下的刹车片3不受损坏，伸缩气缸24、气吸装置25、步进电机5与剔除气缸9都连接PLC控制系统14，工业相机83与PLC控制系统14连接工控机15。Please refer to Fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a kind of technical scheme: brake pad product quality automatic detection device, comprises frame 4 and the unloading device support frame 1 that is fixed on the front end of frame 4, is fixed on the edge of frame 4 The fixed plate 7 on the side and the rotary slideway 11 arranged at the rear end of the frame, the conveyor belt 6 is arranged above the frame 4, the unloading device 2 is arranged above the support frame 1 of the unloading device, and the machine vision device 8 is fixed above the fixed plate 7 And reject cylinder 9, frame 4 front end side is provided with stepper motor 5, is used for driving conveyer belt 6 operation, unloading device 2 is formed by the combination of inclined slideway 21 and vertical baffle plate 22, and the top of inclined slideway 21 is fixed There are two symmetrical guide rods 23, brake pads 3 are placed above the guide rods 23, a telescopic cylinder 24 and an air suction device 25 are fixed on the vertical baffle 22, and a discharge port is arranged on the vertical baffle 22 26. The machine vision device 8 is composed of a sliding rod 81, a ring light source 82, an industrial camera 83, a light source fixing device 84 and a camera fixing device 85. The sliding rod 81 is fixed on the fixing plate 7, and the light source fixing device 84 is fixed by the first knob 86 On the slide bar 81, the camera fixing device 85 is fixed on the slide bar 81 through the second knob 87 and is arranged above the light source fixing device 84. The ring light source 82 is fixed on the light source fixing device 84 through two small screws 88. The industrial camera 83 The camera clamping knob 89 is fixed on the camera fixing device 85, and small wheels 13 are arranged under the frame 4 to facilitate the movement of the whole device. The inclined slideway 21 of the blanking device 2 has an inclination angle of 35 to 50 degrees relative to the ground. , the brake pad 3 can slide down by itself, and the distance between the two symmetrical guide rods 23 on the inclined slideway 21 can be set according to the distance between the two calipers of the brake pad 3, so that the two calipers of the brake pad 3 can just be fastened. The first knob 86 and the second knob 87 can respectively adjust the distance from the ring light source 82 and the industrial camera 83 to the brake pad 3 to be tested, so that the most suitable position can be reached for detection, and the side of the frame 4 directly opposite to the cylinder 9 can be eliminated. A waste product box 10 is fixed to store the unqualified brake pads 3 removed by the rejecting cylinder 9. The bottom end of the rotary slideway 11 is provided with a qualified product box 12, and a sponge pad is placed inside the qualified product box 12, so that it can be removed from the rotating slideway. The brake pad 3 that slides down on the road 11 is not damaged, and the telescopic cylinder 24, the air suction device 25, the stepper motor 5 and the rejecting cylinder 9 are all connected to the PLC control system 14, and the industrial camera 83 is connected to the industrial computer 15 with the PLC control system 14.
工作原理：利用工控机15和PLC控制系统14对整个系统有节拍有秩序地控制，利用机器视觉装置8代替人眼进行检测。Working principle: use the industrial computer 15 and the PLC control system 14 to control the entire system in a rhythmic and orderly manner, and use the machine vision device 8 to replace human eyes for detection.
工作过程：将一叠刹车片3放入下料装置2的倾斜滑道21上，刹车片3两个卡钳正好扣住导滑圆杆23，刹车片3利用倾斜滑道21与导滑圆杆23缓缓下滑，当刹车片3滑到下料口26处时，刹车片3被伸缩气缸24挡住，刹车片3无法继续下滑，PLC控制系统14控制气吸装置25开启，吸住一叠刹车片3中第二片刹车片3以及其后面的刹车片3，防止当第一片刹车片3下料到传送带6时与其同时下料，气吸装置25开启后，同时PLC控制系统14控制伸缩气缸24向上运动，第一片刹车片3下料到传送带6，第一片刹车片3下料完毕后，伸缩气缸24又向下运动回到原位，然后重复上述下料过程，刹车片3便能一片一片有秩序下料，当刹车片3下料到传送带6之前PLC控制系统14已经控制步进电机5驱动传送带6向前传送，所以刹车片3下料到传送带6后继续向前运动，工控机15与PLC控制系统14设置好传送带6启停的时间周期，当刹车片3传送到机器视觉装置8中工业相机83与环形光源82正下方时，传送带6停止传送，此时PLC控制系统14驱动工业相机83拍摄刹车片3图像，然后工业相机83将拍摄到的刹车片3图像传到工控机15中进行图像处理得到检测结果，最后工控机15将检测结果反馈给PLC控制系统14，拍摄完毕后，传送带6继续向前运动，当下一片刹车片3传送到工业相机83与环形光源82正下方时，传送带6继续停止传送，此时前一片检测完毕的刹车片3已经传送到剔除气缸9的平行位置处，若该刹车片3检测结果为不合格，PLC控制系统14则控制剔除气缸9将该刹车片3推入废品箱10中，若该刹车片3合格则剔除气缸9不工作，最后该合格刹车片3传送到旋转滑道11上，最后滑入合格品箱12。整个检测过程都是由工控机15与PLC控制系统14共同控制完成，整个检测过程基本实现自动化，并且减少由人为因素带来的检测误差，提高了检测效率与精度。Working process: put a stack of brake pads 3 on the inclined slideway 21 of the unloading device 2, the two calipers of the brake pads 3 just buckle the guide rod 23, and the brake pads 3 use the inclined slideway 21 and the guide rod 23 slowly slides down. When the brake pad 3 slides to the discharge port 26, the brake pad 3 is blocked by the telescopic cylinder 24, and the brake pad 3 cannot continue to slide. The PLC control system 14 controls the air suction device 25 to open and suck a stack of brake pads. The second brake pad 3 in the sheet 3 and the brake pad 3 behind it prevent the first brake pad 3 from being unloaded at the same time as the first brake pad 3 is fed to the conveyor belt 6. After the air suction device 25 is turned on, the PLC control system 14 controls the expansion and contraction at the same time. The cylinder 24 moves upwards, and the first brake pad 3 is fed to the conveyor belt 6. After the first brake pad 3 is blanked, the telescopic cylinder 24 moves downward and returns to its original position, and then repeats the above blanking process. The brake pad 3 The material can be cut one by one in an orderly manner. Before the brake pads 3 are fed to the conveyor belt 6, the PLC control system 14 has controlled the stepping motor 5 to drive the conveyor belt 6 to move forward, so the brake pads 3 are fed to the conveyor belt 6 and continue to move forward. , the industrial computer 15 and the PLC control system 14 set the time period for the start and stop of the conveyor belt 6. When the brake pad 3 is transmitted to the machine vision device 8 directly below the industrial camera 83 and the ring light source 82, the conveyor belt 6 stops transmitting. At this time, the PLC controls The system 14 drives the industrial camera 83 to take images of the brake pads 3, and then the industrial camera 83 transmits the captured images of the brake pads 3 to the industrial computer 15 for image processing to obtain detection results, and finally the industrial computer 15 feeds back the detection results to the PLC control system 14 , after the shooting is completed, the conveyor belt 6 continues to move forward, and when the next brake pad 3 is conveyed directly below the industrial camera 83 and the ring light source 82, the conveyor belt 6 continues to stop the transmission. At the parallel position of the cylinder 9, if the detection result of the brake pad 3 is unqualified, the PLC control system 14 controls and rejects the cylinder 9 and pushes the brake pad 3 into the waste bin 10. If the brake pad 3 is qualified, the cylinder 9 is rejected. Work, finally this qualified brake pad 3 is sent on the rotary slideway 11, slides into qualified product case 12 at last. The entire detection process is jointly controlled by the industrial computer 15 and the PLC control system 14. The entire detection process is basically automated, and the detection error caused by human factors is reduced, and the detection efficiency and accuracy are improved.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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