CN106723218A - A kind of stalk flattens bending cutting-up orientation feeding method and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a straw flattening, bending, cutting, directional feeding method and device thereof, comprising the following steps: step (1), flattening the straw, specifically: firstly letting the straw pass through the flattening channel, at this time, the upper The flattening feeding roller is subjected to the vertical downward elastic force, which generates pressure on the straw entering the flattening channel, and flattens the straw; step (2), bending the straw, specifically: the straw enters the folding channel through the flattening channel. Bending channel, when passing through the bending channel, the straw is bent to prepare for the next step of cutting. The advantages of the present invention are: the pretreatment of flattening, bending, and cutting is performed on the straw first, and then the cutting or kneading operation is performed, so as to improve the operation quality and processing efficiency of the straw processing machine and reduce energy consumption.

Description

Straw flattening, bending, cutting, directional feeding method and device thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a straw flattening, bending, cutting, directional feeding method and device thereof, relates to the technical field of crop straw processing, and is mainly applied to straw feeding of straw crushing and silk-softening operation machines.

Background technique

Due to the severe degradation of grasslands in my country at the present stage, the grass yield of grasslands has decreased, which makes the shortage of forage grass more serious. The total amount of corn stalks is huge, and after processing, it can be used as a renewable resource for livestock such as cattle and sheep. Processing corn stalks into livestock fodder can reduce the dependence of animal husbandry on grasslands, which is conducive to the restoration of my country's grasslands and the development of my country's animal husbandry.

At present, my country's corn stalk processing machinery mainly includes hay cutters, kneading machines, and silk machines. The hay cutter can’t break the straw completely, so the palatability of livestock is poor; the straw processed by kneading machine and soft silk machine looks like natural forage, and the palatability of livestock is good, easy to digest, but due to its low efficiency, energy consumption many but have not been widely promoted.

From the mechanical properties of the straw, it can be seen that the energy required for the cut or kneaded and flattened straw is much lower than that of the untreated straw. The pretreatment of flattening, bending, and cutting before straw feeding can improve the operation quality and processing efficiency of straw processing machinery and reduce energy consumption. However, the feeding devices of existing hay cutters, shredders, and silk softeners only use feed rollers to feed the stalks to the mechanical working parts, and cannot pre-treat the stalks.

To sum up, there is an urgent need for a straw pretreatment feeding device for straw processing machinery, which first performs the pretreatment work of flattening, bending, and cutting of straw, and then performs cutting or kneading operations to improve the straw processing machinery. The purpose of improving the operation quality and processing efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a straw flattening, bending, cutting, and directional feeding method and its device. The technical solution of the present invention is:

A straw flattening, bending, cutting, and directional feeding method comprises the following steps:

Step (1), flattening the straw, specifically: first let the straw pass through the flattening channel, at this time, the upper flattening feeding roller is subjected to a vertical downward elastic force to generate pressure on the straw entering the flattening channel, Flatten the straw;

Step (2), bending the straw, specifically: the straw enters the bending channel through the flattening channel, and when passing through the bending channel, the straw is bent to prepare for the next step of cutting;

Step (3), cutting the straw, specifically: the straw enters the cutting channel through the bending channel, the cutting knife cuts the straw, and at the same time provides power for feeding the straw to the kneading machine and silk softening machine studio ;

Step (4), finally feed the straw into the working chamber of the kneading machine and silk softening machine.

A straw flattening, bending, cutting, and directional feeding device, including a side plate, a bottom plate, a cover plate, a flattening mechanism, a bending mechanism, and a cutting mechanism. The side plates are two pieces, arranged parallel to each other, and forming The upper end of the two side plates is equipped with a cover plate, and the lower plate is installed with a bottom plate. The straw inlet is formed on the right side, and the straw outlet is formed on the left side; between the two side plates, along the conveying direction of the straw, there are Flattening mechanism, bending mechanism and scoring mechanism.

The crushing mechanism includes an upper crushing feeding roller and a lower crushing feeding roller located directly below the upper crushing feeding roller, between the upper crushing feeding roller and the lower crushing feeding roller A flattening channel for straw passage is formed, wherein the two ends of the upper flattening feeding roller are installed in the upper flattening roller fixing holes of the side plate, and the two ends of the lower flattening feeding roller are installed in the lower pressing hole of the side plate In the flat roller fixing hole, the upper flattening roller fixing hole is a long hole arranged in the vertical direction; the lower flattening roller fixing hole is a round hole; the upper flattening feeding roller and the lower pressing Several shift forks are evenly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the flat feed roller.

The bending mechanism includes an upper bending plate and a lower bending plate arranged parallel to the upper bending plate, and a bending channel for straw passing is formed between the upper bending plate and the lower bending plate. The two ends of the above-mentioned upper bending plate are fixed on the upper bending plate fixing holes of the side plates by bolts, and the two ends of the lower bending plate are fixed on the lower bending plate fixing holes of the side plates by bolts.

The scribing mechanism includes an upper scribing feeding roller and a lower scribing feeding roller located at the lower part of the upper scribing feeding roller, and a gap is formed between the upper scribing feeding roller and the lower scribing feeding roller. As for the slitting channel through which the straw passes, the structure of the upper slitting feeding roller and the lower slitting feeding roller are the same, and both include concave-convex wheels, rotating shafts, arc bases, scribing knives, gaskets and bolts. Both ends of the concave cam wheel are provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is installed in the fixing hole of the cutting feeding roller on the side plate, wherein, the fixing hole of the cutting feeding roller on the upper part is an arc hole, and the fixing hole on the lower part The fixing hole of the cutting feeding roller is a circular hole; threaded holes for installing bolts are provided on the convex part of the concave cam wheel, and there are several arc bases, which are evenly distributed on the convex part of the concave cam wheel. The arc bases are installed on the protrusions through bolts, gaskets are installed between the bolts and the arc bases, and each arc base is provided with a cutting knife.

The advantages of the present invention are: the pretreatment of flattening, bending, and cutting is performed on the straw first, and then the cutting or kneading operation is performed, so as to improve the operation quality and processing efficiency of the straw processing machine and reduce energy consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the scribing mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the arc base and the cutting knife in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a side view of a side panel.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the advantages and characteristics of the present invention will become clearer along with the description. However, these embodiments are only exemplary and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the details and forms of the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the present invention relates to a straw flattening, bending, cutting, and directional feeding device, which includes a side plate 4, a bottom plate 5, a cover plate 1, a flattening mechanism, a bending mechanism, and a scoring and cutting mechanism. The side plate 4 is two pieces, which are arranged parallel to each other and form a distance. The upper end of the two side plates 4 is equipped with a cover plate 1, and the bottom plate 5 is installed under it. The right side forms the straw feeding port, and the left side forms the straw discharging port ; Between the two side plates 4, a flattening mechanism, a bending mechanism and a cutting mechanism are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the straw.

The crushing mechanism includes an upper crushing feeding roller 2 and a lower crushing feeding roller 3 positioned directly below the upper crushing feeding roller 2, and the upper crushing feeding roller 2 and the lower crushing feeding roller A flattening channel for the passage of straw is formed between the feeding rollers 3, wherein the two ends of the upper flattening feeding roller 2 are installed in the upper flattening roller fixing holes 41 of the side plates, and the two ends of the lower flattening feeding roller 3 end is installed in the lower flattening roller fixing hole 43 of the side plate, the upper flattening roller fixing hole 41 is a long hole arranged in the vertical direction; the lower flattening roller fixing hole 43 is a round hole; Several shift forks are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral surfaces of the above-mentioned upper crushing feed roller 41 and the lower crushing feed roller 43 .

The bending mechanism includes an upper bending plate 6 and a lower bending plate 7 arranged parallel to the upper bending plate 6, and a gap for straw passing is formed between the upper bending plate 6 and the lower bending plate 7. Bending channel, the two ends of the upper bending plate 6 are fixed on the upper bending plate fixing hole 45 of the side plate by bolts, and the two ends of the lower bending plate 7 are fixed on the lower bending plate of the side plate by bolts On the fixing hole 46; the section of the upper bending plate and the lower bending plate is arc-shaped, and the radius is 150-250 mm; the fixing holes of the upper bending plate and the fixing holes of the lower bending plate are slot-shaped holes, and the upper bending The plate 6 and the lower bending plate 7 adjust the positions of the bolts in the grooved holes, thereby changing the distance between the upper bending plate and the lower bending plate.

The scribing mechanism includes an upper scribing feeding roller and a lower scribing feeding roller located at the lower part of the upper scribing feeding roller, and a gap is formed between the upper scribing feeding roller and the lower scribing feeding roller. For the slitting channel through which the straw passes, the structure of the upper scribing feeding roller and the lower scribing feeding roller are the same, both including concave-convex wheel 12, rotating shaft 11, arc base 15, scribing knife 10, gasket 13 and bolts 14, the two ends of the concave cam wheel 12 are provided with a rotating shaft 11, and the rotating shaft 11 is installed in the fixing hole of the cutting feeding roller on the side plate 4, wherein the cutting feeding roller on the upper part The roller fixing hole 48 is an arc-shaped hole, and the cutting feed roller fixing hole 47 at the bottom is a circular hole; the protrusion of the concave-convex wheel 12 is provided with threaded holes for installing bolts, and the arc base 15 is several. Uniformly distributed on the protrusion of the concave cam wheel 12, each arc base 15 is installed on the protrusion by a bolt 14, a gasket 13 is installed between the bolt 14 and the arc base 15, and each arc base 15 A cutting knife 10 is provided. The depth of the groove on the concave cam is 15-25 mm, and the width of the groove is equal to the width of the protrusion.

The present invention also relates to a straw flattening, bending, cutting, and directional feeding method, comprising the following steps:

Step (1), flattening the straw, specifically: first let the straw pass through the flattening channel, that is, enter between the upper flattening feed roller 2 and the lower flattening feeding roller 3, because the upper flattening roller fixing hole 41 It is a long hole set along the vertical direction, which can float up and down for a certain distance. At this time, the upper flattening feeding roller is subjected to the vertical downward elastic force, which produces pressure on the incoming straw and flattens the straw; The bending between the upper bending plate and the lower bending plate provides power.

Step (2), bending the straw, specifically: the straw passes through the bending channel formed by the upper bending plate and the lower bending plate, when the straw reaches the top of the bending channel, due to the bending arc at the top The role of the straw bends the straw, reduces the mechanical properties of the straw, and prepares for the next step of cutting.

Step (3), cutting the straw, specifically: the straw enters the cutting channel through the bending channel, the cutting knife cuts the straw, and at the same time provides power for feeding the straw to the kneading machine and silk softening machine studio ;Because the fixing hole of the upper cutting and feeding roller is an arc hole, the position of the upper cutting and feeding roller on the side plate can be adjusted, and then the feeding of straw to the kneading machine and silk softening machine can be changed within a certain range. The angle can improve the straw processing efficiency of the kneading machine and silk softening machine.

Step (4), finally feed the straw into the working chamber of the kneading machine and silk softening machine.

Claims (5)

1. A method for flattening, bending, cutting, and directional feeding of straw, comprising the following steps: Step (1), flattening the straw, specifically: first let the straw pass through the flattening channel, at this time, the upper flattening feeding roller is subjected to a vertical downward elastic force to generate pressure on the straw entering the flattening channel, Flatten the straw; Step (2), bending the straw, specifically: the straw enters the bending channel through the flattening channel, and when passing through the bending channel, the straw is bent to prepare for the next step of cutting; Step (3), cutting the straw, specifically: the straw enters the cutting channel through the bending channel, the cutting knife cuts the straw, and at the same time provides power for feeding the straw to the kneading machine and silk softening machine studio ; Step (4), finally feed the straw into the working chamber of the kneading machine and silk softening machine. 2. A straw flattening, bending, cutting, and directional feeding device, characterized in that it includes a side plate, a bottom plate, a cover plate, a flattening mechanism, a bending mechanism, and a cutting mechanism, and the side plates are two pieces, Set parallel to each other and form a distance, the upper end of the two side plates is equipped with a cover plate, and the bottom plate is installed below, the right side forms the straw feeding port, and the left side forms the straw discharging port; between the two side plates, along the straw The conveying direction is provided with a flattening mechanism, a bending mechanism and a cutting mechanism in sequence. 3. A straw flattening, bending, cutting, and directional feeding device according to claim 2, wherein the flattening mechanism includes an upper flattening feeding roller and a positive roller located on the upper flattening feeding roller. The lower crushing feed roller below, a crushing channel for straw passing is formed between the upper crushing feeding roller and the lower crushing feeding roller, wherein the two ends of the upper crushing feeding roller are installed on In the fixing hole of the upper crushing roller of the side plate, the two ends of the lower crushing feed roller are installed in the fixing hole of the lower crushing roller of the side plate, and the fixing hole of the upper crushing roller is a long holes; the fixing holes of the lower flattening rollers are round holes; the outer peripheral surfaces of the upper flattening feeding rollers and the lower flattening feeding rollers are uniformly provided with several shift forks. 4. A straw flattening, bending, cutting, and directional feeding device according to claim 2, wherein the bending mechanism includes an upper bending plate and a lower bending plate arranged parallel to the upper bending plate plate, a bending channel for the passage of straw is formed between the upper bending plate and the lower bending plate, and the two ends of the upper bending plate are fixed on the fixing holes of the upper bending plate of the side plate by bolts , the two ends of the lower bending plate are fixed on the fixing holes of the lower bending plate of the side plate through bolts. 5. A straw flattening, bending, scribing, and directional feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the scribing mechanism includes an upper scribing feeding roller and a feeding roller located at the lower part of the upper scribing feeding roller. The lower scribing feeding roller, a slitting passage for straw passing is formed between the upper scribing feeding roller and the lower scribing feeding roller, and the upper scribing feeding roller and the lower scribing feeding roller The rollers have the same structure, and all include concave-convex wheels, rotating shafts, arc bases, scoring cutters, gaskets and bolts. Both ends of the concave-convex wheels are provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shafts are installed on the side plates. In the fixing hole of the scribing feeding roller, wherein, the fixing hole of the upper scribing feeding roller is an arc-shaped hole, and the fixing hole of the lower scribing feeding roller is a circular hole; For the threaded holes of the mounting bolts, there are several arc bases, which are evenly distributed on the protrusions of the concave cam. Each arc base is installed on the protrusions by bolts, and a gasket is installed between the bolts and the arc base. A cutting knife is arranged on each arc base.