CN106717893A - A kind of casting skin wax gourd plastic mulching cultivation technology method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a film-covered cultivation method of black-skinned wax gourd, which is characterized in that the cultivation method of black-skinned wax gourd is carried out for the first time after the cultivation method of the black-skinned wax gourd includes ridge preparation, sowing, root fertilizer application, and filming, and after the seedlings grow out of 8 leaf receptacles. Topdressing, fertilize according to the number of sowing pits, use bamboo slices to form triangular piles and insert them on the edge of the border, and place them in the shape of a character. Lead two melon vines from the planting pits to the tree stumps on the border, and tie the melon vines with cable ties. Tie lightly on the triangular tree and spray once every 16 days. The advantages are: the planting pit is covered with plastic film to preserve fertilizer, water, soil and heat preservation, the stem is thick and the leaf support is large and long, the growth is fast, the lack of seedlings is small, the root is thick and the vine is strong, the fruit is large and the fruit is heavy, and the increase in production and income is beneficial to the country and the people.

Description

A kind of black-skinned wax gourd film mulching cultivation technique method

technical field

The invention belongs to vegetable planting technology, in particular to a film-covered cultivation method of black-skinned wax gourd.

Background technique

Black-skinned winter melon planting is an important way for farmers to increase their income, and black-skinned winter melon is an excellent project to solve the urban vegetable basket project. The traditional planting method is to level the ridges and furrows, sow the seeds, cover them with farmyard manure, mix them with soil, and spread the seeds to cover them. Root water, covered with straw, this method is easy to plant, easy to operate, simple field management, but the yield is low and the ability to resist disasters is poor.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a kind of ridge and furrow after sowing, to apply root fertilizer and fixed root water, and to plant a pit cover film on the furrow surface, so that the seedlings are strong and the roots are thick, and they grow fast, with many results, thick fruits, increased weight and income, One that benefits the people

A method for cultivating black-skinned wax gourds covered with plastic film.

The technical solution of the present invention is such: a kind of black-skinned wax gourd mulching cultivation technique method is characterized in that its method step is:

Step 1, soil preparation and ridge:

1) The width of the border is 125 cm, and the width of the ditch is 55 cm. A 35X35 cm planting pit is opened every 110 cm on the center line of the border;

2) Apply root fertilizer, apply 80 grams of Norwegian compound fertilizer and 800 grams of farmyard manure in the center of each pit before sowing;

3) Sowing, sow 3 grains of finished products in each pit, and cover the furrow with plastic film after sowing;

4), the film is released, and the part covered by the film is pierced with a bamboo stick to pierce the film;

Step 2, topdressing, after the seedlings grow 8 leaf receptacles, carry out the first topdressing, fertilize according to the number of sowing pits, apply 300 grams of Norwegian compound fertilizer to each planting pit, tie bamboo slices into triangular piles and insert them on the edge of the border, Arrange in the shape of a character, and then lead two melon vines from the planting pit to the tree stumps on the border, one on the left and one on the left, and lightly tie the melon vines on the triangular tree with cable ties. Zinc, 850 times propamocarb spray, spray once every 16 days;

Step 3: Remove the terminal buds, branches, and hanging melons when the fruit setting of the plant reaches the standard of removing the top buds and branches. Apply fruit expansion fertilizer every 2 days, combined with 300 grams of Norwegian compound fertilizer, and then inspect once a day to remove the extra branches. branch.

The black-skinned wax gourd planted with mulching film 40 days after the top buds are removed is the peak high-yield period, the proportion of single fruit increases by 1.5 kg, and the growth of single vine increases by 0.5 kg.

The advantages of the invention are: the planting pit is covered with plastic film to preserve fertilizer, water, soil and heat preservation, the stem is thick and the leaves are large and long, the growth is fast, the lack of seedlings is small, the roots are thick and the tendrils are strong, the fruit is large and the fruit is heavy, and the increase in production and income is beneficial to the country and the people .

detailed description

The present invention is clearly and completely described below:

Example 1, the cultivation of black-skinned wax gourd is the main way for local farmers to increase their income. In order to improve economic benefits, the channels for increasing the production of black-skinned wax gourd are explored and mulched with plastic film. The area is 726 square meters. Starting on June 3rd, the width of each border is 120 cm, and the width of the ditch is 60 cm. After leveling the border surface, open a 30×30 cm planting hole every 110 cm on the center line of the border surface. A total of 352 planting pits were opened for the test. Before sowing, apply 70 grams of Norwegian ternary potassium sulfate compound fertilizer with a content of 45% and 700 grams of decomposed farmyard manure in the center of each pit. It was sown on June 4, and two seeds were sown in each pit, which were placed at both ends of the base fertilizer. After sowing, every other plot was covered with plastic film, and one plot was left without plastic film for comparison. According to the statistics, 181 pits were covered with plastic film and 171 pits were not covered with plastic film. Check the seedling condition on June 9, and use a bamboo stick to pierce the plastic film to facilitate the seedlings to pass through the plastic film. As a result, all the seedlings were unearthed in the film-covered part, and most of them had unfolded their cotyledons, a total of 362 plants. The non-plastic-film-covered part had also been unearthed, but most of them had not unfolded their cotyledons, a total of 342 plants. On June 15th, the seedlings in the coverage area were inspected to protrude from the plastic film, with an average leaf age of 3.5 leaves, and the control area had a leaf age of 3 leaves, and no seedling loss occurred in both. On June 22, the average leaf age in the coverage area reached 6 leaves, and the leaf age in the control area reached 5.3 leaves. The first topdressing was carried out, and fertilizers were weighed and applied according to the number of sowing pits. Apply 200 grams of Norwegian compound fertilizer to each planting pit. Immediately after fertilization, use small bamboo sticks to form triangular stakes and insert them on both sides of the border surface, and then guide the two melon vines from the planting pit to the border of the border surface. On the tree stump, one on the left and one on the left, and at the same time use cable ties to lightly tie the melon vines on the triangular tree stump. Immediately after that, prevent downy mildew and leaf spot with 800-fold propamocarb and 800-fold propamocarb, and then spray once every 15 days. Since August 9, some plants have reached the standard for removing the top buds and forks, and the top buds, branches and forks have been removed from the same day. By August 23, most of the work of removing the terminal buds and branches will be completed. On August 25, a fruit expansion fertilizer will be applied, and 200 grams of Norwegian compound fertilizer will be applied to each planting pit. After that, inspections will be performed once a day to remove new and grown branches in time. branch. Only 30-40 days after the top buds are removed can the expansion peak period be reached, and the yield peak will be reached. However, the plant species, the variety and quantity of fertilization, and other management technical measures in the treatment area and the control area of this experiment are all on the same level. The treatment area and the control area have different effects, and the single fruit weight in the treatment area is higher than that in the control area. 1.3 kg, and the weight of a single vine increased by 0.3 kg, which proves that mulching cultivation can increase production. From the analysis of the cultivation management process, plastic film mulching cultivation has the following advantages:

1. The seedling stage plays a great role in mulching: when the seedlings are unearthed, we use a bamboo stick to pierce a hole directly above the seedlings, so that each seedling has a direct space to pass through the plastic film. The spacing is about 20 cm, so when the plants grow, they pass through the holes of the plastic film, and the roots do not cross each other, and each grows to the border to form two rows. In this way, when the seedlings are attacked by wind, rain or external force, the plastic film will naturally play a role It has the function of supporting static, protecting the young roots from being injured by the shaking of the plant. When the plants grow into vines, they are not easy to cross and entangle with each other to damage the stems and leaves.

2. The plastic film can keep the microclimate in the field relatively stable and promote the stable growth of plants: after covering the film, the humidity and temperature inside the film will not change due to the rapid changes in the natural climate and environmental conditions, but maintain a relatively stable climate suitable for plant growth Environment, especially when the furrow surface is washed by heavy rain, the mulch protects the furrow surface from a large amount of soil loss, and does not cause a sudden increase in soil moisture to cause hypoxia at the root of the plant, or expose the fibrous root due to soil loss and damage the root. The plant can be made to grow normally in a continuous and stable environment, and the phenomenon of intermittent growth caused by bad weather is eliminated.

3. Mulching film can greatly reduce the evaporation loss of water and fertilizer between the membranes: after fertilizing and watering the bare land, the water and fertilizer loss will increase with the increase of the ambient temperature, and after covering the film, the mulch coverage can reduce this loss. Most of the water and fertilizer steam at high temperature can only flow within the coverage area of the plastic film, especially the nutrient gas produced in the late fermentation process after the application of organic fertilizers can only flow in the film, which is easy to be absorbed and dissolved by the soil, and then transferred to the roots of the plants. Absorb the nutrients needed for growth and development, greatly improve the effective use of fertilizers, promote the steady growth of plants, and increase production. Field mulching can reduce the harm of underground pests to plants. Noctuidae and scarab pests must lay eggs in the soil and may magpify their larvae before they come out to harm plants. Covering with film can reduce pests' eggs laying in the border, and can also reduce the larvae's damage to plants through the mulch film.

Claims (2)

1. a black-skinned wax gourd plastic film mulching cultivation method is characterized in that its method steps are: Step 1, soil preparation and ridge: 1) The width of the border is 125 cm, and the width of the ditch is 55 cm. A 35X35 cm planting pit is opened every 110 cm on the center line of the border; 2) Apply root fertilizer, apply 80 grams of Norwegian compound fertilizer and 800 grams of farmyard manure in the center of each pit before sowing; 3) Sowing, sow 3 grains of finished products in each pit, and cover the furrow with plastic film after sowing; 4), the film is released, and the part covered by the film is pierced with a bamboo stick to pierce the film; Step 2, topdressing, after the seedlings grow 8 leaf receptacles, carry out the first topdressing, fertilize according to the number of sowing pits, apply 300 grams of Norwegian compound fertilizer to each planting pit, tie bamboo slices into triangular piles and insert them on the edge of the border, Arrange in the shape of a character, and then lead two melon vines from the planting pit to the tree stumps on the border, one on the left and one on the left, and lightly tie the melon vines on the triangular tree with cable ties. Zinc, 850 times propamocarb spray, spray once every 16 days; Step 3: Remove the terminal buds, branches, and hanging melons when the fruit setting of the plant reaches the standard of removing the top buds and branches. Apply fruit expansion fertilizer every 2 days, combined with 300 grams of Norwegian compound fertilizer, and then inspect once a day to remove the extra branches. branch. 2. according to claim 1, a kind of black-skinned wax gourd mulching cultivation method is characterized in that the black-skinned wax gourd planted with plastic film mulching is the peak high-yield period of 40 days after the top bud is removed, and the specific gravity of single fruit increases by 1.5 kg , single vine hyperplasia of 0.5 kg.