Wheat topdressing press
Technical Field
A top dressing and compacting machine for wheat belongs to the field of top dressing equipment.
Background
With the popularization of the protective farming mode in China, the content of straws in a farmland plough layer is steadily improved, but enough nitrogen fertilizer needs to be provided for the straws to be converted into organic matters which can be absorbed and utilized by wheat, so that most of wheat planting areas in China generally need to additionally apply a large amount of chemical fertilizers before wheat seedlings come into winter and wheat starts to be pulled out after spring festival, and the prior additional application of the chemical fertilizers mostly adopts a fertilizer distributor to operate, so that the yield of the wheat can be effectively improved, but the utilization rate of the chemical fertilizers is low and is only about 20 percent, so that how to realize the efficient utilization of the chemical fertilizers becomes an important technology and a difficult problem in the production process of the wheat. In addition, after the content of the straws in the plough layer soil is increased, the problems that the root system of the wheat is suspended and the like are generally shown, and the drought resistance and the cold resistance of the wheat are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides the wheat topdressing press which improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, avoids the suspension of the root system of the wheat and improves the drought resistance and the cold resistance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: this wheat top application press, including the frame with install the fertile case in the frame, its characterized in that: the preceding aircraft nose below of frame be equipped with running gear, the rear tail below of frame is equipped with press mechanism, be equipped with the hole sowing fertilizing mechanism between running gear and the press mechanism, running gear and press mechanism contact ground simultaneously, hole sowing fertilizing mechanism and press mechanism correspond respectively and are equipped with the multiunit, multiunit hole sowing fertilizing mechanism and press mechanism upper portion are respectively through swing joint device connection frame, the agitator of running gear's both ends difference synchronous connection fertilizer incasement and the fertilizer distributor of fertilizer case discharge gate department setting are passed through drive mechanism, the feed inlet on hole sowing fertilizing mechanism upper portion passes through pipeline intercommunication fertilizer distributor.
Soil is suppressed in the topdressing, with hill-drop fertilization mechanism setting between running gear and suppression mechanism, and hill-drop fertilization mechanism and suppression mechanism correspond respectively and are equipped with the multiunit, form the fertilization of wheat intertidal, the form of suppression between the row, directly carry out the suppression action after the fertilization, can in time compact the soil between the wheat intertidal, can effectively improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, promote the contact of wheat root system and soil, reduce the appearance of the seedling problem of dying, strengthen the drought-resistant, cold resistance of wheat.
The upper parts of the multi-group hole sowing fertilizing mechanism and the pressing mechanism are respectively connected with the frame through the movable connecting devices, and the space between the multi-group hole sowing fertilizing mechanism and the pressing mechanism is freely adjusted through the movable connecting devices, so that the adaptability of the equipment to different row spacing sowing modes can be improved. Moreover, the hole sowing and fertilizing mechanism is adopted to adopt a hole sowing mode, so that the fertilizer can be directly sown into the soil, the waste of the fertilizer is avoided, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is further effectively improved.
The hole sowing fertilizing mechanism and the pressing mechanism are respectively provided with a damping mechanism, the damping mechanism comprises a fixing nut, a spring, a baffle and a damping rod, the upper part of the damping rod is connected to the frame through the fixing nut, the spring is sleeved at the middle part of the damping rod, the baffle is arranged below the spring, and the lower part of the damping rod is fixedly connected with the hole sowing fertilizing mechanism or the pressing mechanism.
The press mechanism comprises a press wheel and a press wheel frame, one end of the press wheel frame is rotatably connected below the rack, and the other end of the press wheel frame is provided with a rotatable press wheel.
The hole sowing and fertilizing mechanism comprises a duckbilled hole sowing device and a hole sowing device frame, the upper portion of the hole sowing device frame is rotatably connected with the rack through a pin shaft, the lower portion of the hole sowing device frame is connected with the middle portion of the rotatable duckbilled hole sowing device, the cross section of the duckbilled hole sowing device is circular, and a plurality of duckbills for fertilizer discharging are annularly and uniformly distributed on the circular outer edge. The dibbler is used for dibbling, so that the wheat between rows can be uniformly topdressed at an accurate fixed point, the phenomenon of uneven fertilization is avoided, the wheat between rows can be fully and uniformly subjected to accurate topdressing, the utilization rate of a chemical fertilizer is improved, and the yield of the wheat is also improved.
The stirrer comprises a stirring shaft and stirring blades, the stirring shaft is horizontally arranged in the fertilizer box, and a plurality of stirring blades are arranged in the axial direction of the stirring shaft. A plurality of stirring vane install on same (mixing) shaft, form segmentation vane type agitating unit, can prevent the overhead of fertilizer, promote the homogeneity that different fertilizers were mixed, guarantee the reliability of operation.
Preferably, the stirring blades can be installed and fixed on the stirring shaft at different angles, so that the stirring effect is enhanced.
The fertilizer apparatus comprises a fertilizer apparatus shaft and fertilizer wheels, the fertilizer apparatus shaft is horizontally and rotatably arranged at the outlet of the lower part of the fertilizer box, and a plurality of fertilizer wheels are arranged in the axial direction of the fertilizer apparatus shaft. The multi-row wheat can be synchronously fertilized through the plurality of synchronously rotating fertilizing wheels, so that the fertilization can be synchronously carried out, and the fertilization efficiency is improved.
The two groups of travelling mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the front machine head of the rack, each travelling mechanism comprises a land wheel and a land wheel connecting frame, and the land wheels are connected with the rack through the land wheel connecting frames.
The transmission mechanism comprises a stirring transmission mechanism, a fertilizer discharging transmission mechanism and a walking transmission mechanism, the stirring transmission mechanism, the fertilizer discharging transmission mechanism and the walking transmission mechanism are chain wheel and chain mechanisms, and a driven wheel at the output end of the walking rotation mechanism is synchronously connected with a driving wheel at the input end of the fertilizer discharging transmission mechanism and the stirring transmission mechanism through a bearing seat.
Through different drive mechanism with running gear, agitator and fertilizer distributor connection for synchronous operation an organic whole, in the walking, can the synchronous start stirring with arrange fertile action, in the walking, stirring fertilizer that does not stop prevents that the waste material is unsettled, can be along with again arrange fertile. The actions are coordinated and unified, and the topdressing efficiency is higher.
The front side of the frame is provided with a suspension bracket, the upper part of the frame is provided with a stand column, and the fertilizer box is installed through a plurality of stand columns.
The movable connecting device comprises a sleeve and a sliding sleeve connecting plate, two sliding sleeve connecting plates which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the front and the back of the rack respectively, a plurality of sleeves are sleeved on the two sliding sleeve connecting plates, and a plurality of groups of hole sowing fertilizing mechanisms and compacting mechanisms are connected through lifting lugs below the sleeves.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the wheat topdressing press presses soil while topdressing, the hole sowing fertilizing mechanism is arranged between the travelling mechanism and the pressing mechanism, and the hole sowing fertilizing mechanism and the pressing mechanism are respectively provided with a plurality of groups correspondingly to form the modes of inter-row fertilization and inter-row pressing of wheat, and the pressing action is directly carried out after fertilization, so that the soil between wheat rows can be compacted in time, the utilization rate of a fertilizer can be effectively improved, the contact between a wheat root system and the soil is promoted, the problem of hanging seedlings is reduced, and the drought resistance and the cold resistance of wheat are enhanced. The upper parts of the multi-group hole sowing fertilizing mechanism and the pressing mechanism are respectively connected with the frame through the movable connecting devices, and the space between the multi-group hole sowing fertilizing mechanism and the pressing mechanism is freely adjusted through the movable connecting devices, so that the adaptability of the equipment to different row spacing sowing modes can be improved. Moreover, the hole sowing and fertilizing mechanism is adopted to adopt a hole sowing mode, so that the fertilizer can be directly sown into the soil, the waste of the fertilizer is avoided, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is further effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a wheat top dressing press.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the top dressing and pressing machine for wheat.
The device comprises a ground wheel 1, a ground wheel 2, a ground wheel connecting frame 3, a suspension frame 4, a rack 5, a stirring transmission chain 6, a fertilizer box 7, a stirrer 8, a fertilizer discharging transmission chain 9, a fertilizer discharger 10, a fixing screw 11, a fastening nut 12, a fixing nut 13, a spring 14, a baffle 15, a press wheel 16, a fertilizer guide pipe 17, a duckbilled dibbler 18, a dibbler frame 19, a duckbilled duck bill 20, a bearing seat 21, a first driven sprocket 22, a ground wheel driving chain 23, a driving sprocket 24, a press wheel frame 25, a pin shaft 26, an upright post 27, a first sleeve 28, a sliding sleeve connecting plate 29, a second sleeve 30, a second driven sprocket 31, a third driven sprocket 32, a fertilizer discharger shaft 33, a shock absorption rod 34, a stirring shaft 35, a stirring blade 36, a fertilizer discharging wheel 37 and a fourth driven sprocket.
Detailed Description
FIGS. 1-2 illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention will be further described with reference to FIGS. 1-2.
Referring to the attached figures 1-2: the utility model provides a wheat roller of topdressing, include frame 4 and install fertile case 6 in frame 4, the preceding aircraft nose below of frame 4 is equipped with running gear, the rear tail below of frame 4 is equipped with press mechanism, be equipped with bunch planting fertilizing mechanism between running gear and the press mechanism, running gear and press mechanism contact ground simultaneously, bunch planting fertilizing mechanism and press mechanism correspond respectively and are equipped with the multiunit, multiunit bunch planting fertilizing mechanism and press mechanism upper portion are respectively through swing joint device connection frame 4, the agitator in the fertile case 6 of difference synchronous connection of running gear's both ends and the fertilizer distributor 9 of fertile case 6 discharge gate department setting, the feed inlet on bunch planting fertilizing mechanism upper portion passes through pipeline intercommunication fertilizer distributor 9. The two groups of travelling mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the front machine head of the frame 4, each travelling mechanism comprises a land wheel 1 and a land wheel connecting frame 2, and the land wheels 1 are connected with the frame 4 through the land wheel connecting frames 2. The front side of frame 4 is equipped with mounted frame 3, and frame 4 top is equipped with stand 26, installs fertile case 6 through many stands 26.
The movable connecting device comprises a sleeve and a sliding sleeve connecting plate 28, two sliding sleeve connecting plates 28 which are arranged in parallel are respectively arranged in the front and the back of the frame 4, a plurality of sleeves are sleeved on the two sliding sleeve connecting plates 28 to form a plurality of first sleeves 27 at the front row and a plurality of second sleeves 29 at the back row, and a plurality of groups of hill-drop fertilizing mechanisms and compacting mechanisms are connected through lifting lugs below the first sleeves 27 and the second sleeves 29. The upper part of the sliding sleeve connecting plate 28 is fixed on the frame 4 through a fixing screw 10 and a fastening nut 11.
Be equipped with damper between hill-drop planting fertilizing mechanism and the suppression mechanism and the frame 4 respectively, damper includes fixation nut 12, spring 13, baffle 14 and shock-absorbing rod 33, and shock-absorbing rod 33 upper portion is passed through fixation nut 12 and is connected on frame 4, and middle part suit spring 13, spring 13 below are equipped with baffle 14, the lower part fixed connection hill-drop planting fertilizing mechanism or the suppression mechanism of shock-absorbing rod 33.
The press mechanism comprises a press wheel 15 and a press wheel frame 24, one end of the press wheel frame 24 is rotatably connected below the frame 4, and the other end of the press wheel frame is provided with the rotatable press wheel 15.
The hill-drop planting and fertilizing mechanism comprises a duckbilled hill-drop planter 17 and a hill-drop planter frame 18, the upper part of the hill-drop planter frame 18 is rotatably connected with the rack 4 through a pin shaft 25, the lower part of the hill-drop planter frame is connected with the middle part of the rotatable duckbilled hill-drop planter 17, the cross section of the duckbilled hill-drop planter 17 is circular, and a plurality of duckbilled seeds 19 for fertilizer are annularly and uniformly distributed on the circular outer edge. The center of two end surfaces of the duck-bill hill planter 17 is connected with a hill planter frame 18 through a rotating shaft.
The stirrer 7 comprises a stirring shaft 34 and stirring blades 35, wherein the stirring shaft 34 is horizontally arranged in the fertilizer box 6, and a plurality of stirring blades 35 are arranged in the axial direction of the stirring shaft 34. The fertilizer distributor 9 comprises a fertilizer distributor shaft 32 and fertilizer wheels 36, the fertilizer distributor shaft 32 is horizontally and rotatably arranged at the lower outlet of the fertilizer box 6, and a plurality of fertilizer wheels 36 are arranged on the fertilizer distributor shaft 32 in the axial direction. Preferably, the installation positions and the installation number of the stirring blades 35 correspond to those of the fertilizing wheels 36 one by one.
The transmission mechanism comprises a stirring transmission mechanism, a fertilizer discharging transmission mechanism and a walking transmission mechanism, the stirring transmission mechanism, the fertilizer discharging transmission mechanism and the walking transmission mechanism are all chain wheel and chain mechanisms, and a driven wheel at the output end of the walking rotation mechanism is synchronously connected with a driving wheel at the input end of the fertilizer discharging transmission mechanism and the stirring transmission mechanism through a bearing seat 20.
Concretely, stirring drive mechanism includes stirring drive chain 5 and third driven sprocket 31, it includes fertile drive chain 8 of row and fourth driven sprocket 37 to arrange fertile drive mechanism, walking drive mechanism includes first driven sprocket 21, land wheel driving chain 22 and drive sprocket 23, drive sprocket 23 is installed at the both ends of land wheel 1 central rotating shaft, drive sprocket 23 connects through land wheel driving chain 22 and installs the epaxial first driven sprocket 21 of pivot in bearing frame 20 one side, first driven sprocket 21 is again as the intermediate wheel of next stage and connects respectively through stirring drive chain 5 and fertile drive chain 8 and install the third driven sprocket 31 of installing in fertilizer distributor shaft 32 one end and install the fourth driven sprocket 37 in (mixing) shaft 34 one end.
The working principle and the working process are as follows: at the during operation, can set up power unit in one side of land wheel 1, it rotates to drive land wheel 1 through power unit, when land wheel 1 rotates, through stirring drive mechanism, arrange fertile drive mechanism and walking drive mechanism and drive fertile ware axle 32 and (mixing) shaft 34 and rotate together in step, when the land wheel 1 is walked promptly, carry out fertilizer stirring that does not stop in the agitator 7, and simultaneously, through arranging fertilizer 9 and discharging fertilizer in to dibbler 17, finally apply fertilizer in the wheat field through the one-by-one bunch planting formula of a plurality of duckbilled 19 again, after the fertilization, reuse sets up the suppression wheel 15 of the suppression mechanism in duckbilled dibbler 17 rear and in time carry out the suppression, carry out the compaction with the soil after the fertilization, fully guarantee the contact of wheat root system and soil, can guarantee the utilization ratio of fertilizer again.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.